Races (Ch22)

VISHAL JALAN (THE MATHS GURU) PURE TEACHING, NOTHING ELSE
CHAPTER: 22
RACES
22.1 INTRODUCTION
(i) Any contest of speed in running, driving, riding or rowing is called a Race
(ii) The point from where a race begins is called the Starting Point
(iii) The point where the race finishes is called the Finishing Point or Winning Post
(iv) The person who first reaches the finishing point is called the Winner
22.1.1 Two Participants
In a contest with 2 participants, one is the winner and the other is the loser,
(i) The winner can give/allow the loser a start of t seconds or x metres, i.e.
start distance = x metres and start time = t seconds.
(ii) The winner can beat the loser by t seconds or x metres, i.e. beat distance = x metres and
beat time = t seconds
From the above figures, following formulae have been derived for a race (contest) of two participants,
(a) Winner's distance = Length of race
(b) Loser's distance = Winner's distance - (beat distance + start distance)
(c) Winner's time = Loser's time - (beat time + start time)
(d)
distance start distance beat
time start times beat
distance s Winner'
time s Loser'
distance s Loser'
time s Winner'
+
+

(e) If a race ends in a dead lock, i.e. both reach the winning post together then beat time = 0 and beat distance
= 0
22.1.2 Three Participants
Suppose, A, B, and C participate in a race. The length of race is L metres.
JALAN TUTORIALS, 13/5, SWARN PATH, MANSAROWAR, JAIPUR (M: 9828266445)
Assuming, A as the winner, i.e. A gets the Ist position, in the race,
The value of x and y will decide the IInd position in the race
If x < y, then B will beat C, i.e. B gets the IInd position
If x > y, then C will beat B, i.e C gets the IInd position
Now, the following relation is used for three participants in a race of same length
( ) ( )
12 13 23 12
x x L x x L
Where,
Length of race = L
Ist beats IInd by a distance = x12
Ist beats IIIrd by a distance = x13
IInd beats IIIrd by a distance = x23
But, if the length of race (L) changes in each case, i.e.
Ist beats IInd by x12 metres in a race of L1 metres
Ist beats IIIrd by x13 metres in a race of L3 metres
IInd beats IIIrd by x23 metres in a race of L2 metres.
So, x12, x13, and x23 are to be converted on a desired length of race, say, L metres.
L
L
x
x'
L
L
x
x'
L
L
x
x'
2
23
23
3
12
13
1
12
12

Then using the formula ) x' L(x' )x' x' (L
12 13 23 12

the unknowns can be found out.
SOLVED EXAMPLE
E-1 In one kilometer race, A beats B by 36 metres or 9 seconds. Find A 's time over the course.
S-1 Here A is the winner and B is the loser.
time start time beat
distance s Loser'
time s Winner'
+
+
0 36
0 9
36 1000
time s A'
+
+
As time = 241s 964s

36
9

A 's time over the course is 241 seconds.
E-2 A runs 1
3
1
as fast as B. If A gives B a start of 30 metres, how far must be the winning post, so that the race ends in a
dead heat?
S-2 Assuming L = distance of the winning post such that the race ends in a dead heat, i.e. both the participants A and B reach
the winning post at the same time.
time taken by A = time taken by B
V
30 L
V
3
4
L
,
_
V
d
t Since
120 L
length of race (distance) of winning post is 120 metres.
E-3 P run a kilometer in 4 minutes and Q in 4 minutes 10 seconds. How many metres start can P give Q in a kilometre race so
that the race may end in a dead heat?
S-3 P runs a kilometer in 4 minutes (= 240 seconds)
Q runs a kilometer in 4 minutes 10 s (= 250 second)
P can beat Q by 10 seconds
But if P gives Q a start of 10 seconds or x metres so that the race may end in a dead heat, i.e,
beat time=0, beat distance = 0.
distance s Winner'
time s Loser'
+
+
40 x
x 0
10 0
1000
250

+
+
Hence if P gives Q a start of 40 metres in a race of one kilometer, the race will end in a dead heat.
E-4 P can run a kilometer in 4 minutes 50 seconds and Q in 5 minutes. By what distance can P beat Q.
S-4 Here, P is the winner and Q is the loser. Using the formula,
distance s Winner'
time s Loser'
+
+
metre
3
100
distance beat
0 distance beat
0 10
100
300

+
+
P beats Q by 33
3
1
metres in a kilometre race.
E-5 In a race of 100 metres, A beats B by 4 metres and A beats C by 2 metres. By how many metres would C beat B in a 100
metre race?
S-5 Here, the number of participants = 3
Length of race = L= 100 metres
A becomes the winner (1
st
) and
C gets IInd position (Since 2 metres < 4 metres)
B gets IIIrd position
Using the formula, [Refer 22.1.2]
) x L(x )x x (L
12 13 23 12

Where
Ist (A ) beats IInd (C) by x12 = 2 metres
Ist (A ) beats IIInd(B ) by x13 = 4 metres
IInd (C) beats IIIrd (B ) by x23 = ?
Length of race L = 100 metres
metres 2.04 x ) 2 4 ( 100 ) 2 (100
23 23
x
Hence C would beat B by 2.04 metres in a 100 metres race.
E-6 x, y, and z are the three contestants in a kilometre race. If x can give y a start of 50 metres and x can also give z a start of
69 metres, how many metres start y can give z?
S-6 Here x becomes Ist, y becomes IInd and z becomes IIIrd in the race (Since 50 < 69)
Using the formula
) x L(x x ) x (L
12 13 23 12

Where,
Ist (X) gives IInd (Y ) a start of x12 = 50 metres
Ist (X) gives IIIrd (Z) a start of x13 = 69 metres
IInd (Y) gives IIIrd (Z) a start of x23
Length of race L = 1000 metres
(1000 - 50) x23 = 1000 (69 - 50) x23 = 20 metres
Hence Y gives Z a start of 20 metres.
E-7 In a 100 metres race, A runs at a speed of 2 metres/s. If A gives B a start of 4 metres and still beats him by 10 seconds,
find the speed of B.
S-7 Here A is the winner and B is the loser.
Loser's time - Winner's time = beat time + start time
B 's time - A 's time =10 + 0
10
speed s A'
distance s A'
speed s B'
distance s B'

metre/s 1.6 speed s B' 10

2
100
speed s B'
4 100

Hence the speed of B is 1.6 metre/s.

E-8 A can run 330 metres in 41 seconds and B in 44 seconds. By how many seconds will B win if he has 30 metres start.
S-8 B runs 330 metres in 44 seconds
300s
330
44
in 30)metres (330 runs B
But A runs 330 metres in 41 seconds
So, B wins by (41 - 40) seconds, i.e. 1 s.
E-9 A can give B 40 metres start and A can give C 50 metres start in a 200 metres race, while B can give C two seconds over
the course. How long does each take to run 200 metres?
S-9 Here, A comes Ist, B comes IInd and C comes IIIrd in the contest.
Using the formula, [Refer 22.1.2]
40) 200(50 x 40) (200 ) x (x x ) x (L
23 12 13 23 12

metres
2
25
x
23

Hence, B can beat C by
2
25
metres or 2 seconds, i.e.
C can run
2
25
metres in 2 seconds [Refer 22.0,
ix]
C can run 200 metres in
32 200
2
25
2

seconds.
B takes (32 - 2), i.e 30 seconds.
and A takes ), 40 200 (
200
30
i.e. 21 seconds.
Hence A , B and C takes 21 seconds, 30 and 32 seconds respectively to run 200 metres.
E-10 A, B, and C are three participants in a kilometre race. If A can give B a start of 40 metres and B can give C a start of 25
metres, how many metres A can give C a start?
S-10 Here A is the winner (I)
Since B can give C a start, therefore B becomes II and C becomes III in the race.
Using the formula,
) x (x x ) x (L
12 13 23 12

(1000 - 40) 25 = 1000 (x13 - 40)
960 25 = 1000 (x13 - 40) x13 = 64 metres
Hence, A can give C a start of 64 metres.
E-11 In a race of 600 metres, A can beat B by 60 metres and in a race of 500 metres, B can beat C by 25 metres. By how many
metres will A beat C in a 400 metres race?
S-11 Here, length of race is different in each race. So, respective beat distance (given) is to be converted to the desired length of
race L (400 metres)
A is the winner (Ist)
Since B can beat C, therefore B becomes IInd and C becomes IIIrd in the race
40metres 400
600
60
L
L
x
x
1
12
12

metres 20 400
500
25
L
L
x
x
2
23
23

x13 = ?
Using the formula, [Refer 22.1.2 (b)]
) x L(x x ) x (L
12 13 23 12

40) 400(x 20 40) (400
13

metres 58 x 40
400
20 360
x
13 13

Hence A will beat C by 58 metres in a 400 metres race .

E-12 In a 400 metres race, A gives B a start of 5 seconds and beats him by 15 metres. In another race of 400 metres, A beats B
by 7
7
1
seconds. Find their speeds.
S-12 In a 400 metres race, B takes 7
7
1
seconds more time than A
In another 400 metres race,
B takes 5 seconds more time and runs 15 metres less distance than A.
B can run in
,
_
5
7
1
7
seconds a distance of 15 metres.
B can run in 1 seconds a distance of
7
1
2
15
speed of B is 7 metres/s, i.e. 7 metres
since B takes
7
1
7 seconds more time than A to run 400 metres.
speed
distance
time
Lets the speed of A be VA metres/s
7
1
7
A of speed
400
B of speed
400

metres/s 8 V
7
50
V
400
7
400
A
A

Hence, speed of A is 8 metres/s
Speed of B is 7 metres/s.
EXERCISE
1. In a kilometer race, A beats B by 5 seconds or 40 metres. How long does B take to run the kilometre? [125 s]
2. A runs 2
3
1
times as fast as B. If A gives B a start of 60 metres, how far must be the winning post, so that the race ends in
a dead heat? [105 metres]
3. P can run a kilometre in 3 minutes 10 seconds and B in 3 minutes 20 seconds. By what distance can A beat B?
[50 metres]
4. A can run one kilometre in half a minute less time than B . In a kilometre race, B gets a start of 100 metres and loses by
100 metres. Find the time A and B take to run a kilometre.
1
]
1
min.
2
1
2 min, 2
5. A and B can run 200 metres in 22 and 25 seconds respectively. How far is B from the finishing line when A reaches it?
[24 metres]
6. A and B take part in a 100 metres race. A runs at 5 km/h. A gives B a start of 8 metres and still beats him by 8 seconds.
Find the speed of B. [4.14 km/k]
7. In a flat race, A beats B by 15 metres and C by 29 metres. When B and C run over the course together, B wins by 15
minutes. Find the length of the course. [225 metres]
8. A can give B a start of 20 metres and C a start of 39 metres in a walking race of 400 metres. How much can B give C
start? [20 meters]
9. A can run 100 metres in 11 seconds, and B 100 metres in 12 seconds. What start can be given to B to make the race a dead
heat?
1
]
1
m
3
1
18
10. A can run a kilometre in half a minute less time than B. In a kilometer race, B gets a start of 100 metres and loses by 25
metres. Find the time A and B take to run a kilometre.
1
]
1
4min. min.
2
1
3
11. A and B ran a race which lasted a minute and a half. A gave B a start of 9 metres and beat him by 1 metre. A ran 40 metres
while B ran 39 metres. Find the length of the course. [400 metres]
12. In a 500 metres race, B gives A a start of 160 metres. The ratio of the speeds of A and B is 2 : 3. Who wins and by how
much?
1
]
1
m
3
2
6
13. Two men A and B ran 100 metres in 11.25 and 12.5 seconds respectively. If they start together, find how far was B from
the finish time, when A completed his 100 metres. [10 metres]
14. P can run 440 metres in 51t seconds and Q in 55 seconds. By how many seconds will B win if he has 40 metres start?
[1 second]
15. A takes 4 minutes 50 seconds while B takes 5 minutes to complete the race. A beats B by 33
3
1
metres. Find the length of
the course. [1,000 metres]
16. P and Q run a kilometre and P wins by 1 minute. P and Q run a kilometre, and P wins by 375 metres. Q and R run a
kilometre and Q wins by 30 seconds. Find the time taken by P, Q and R to run a kilometre. [150s, 210 s, 240 s]
SPEED TEST - 22
PAPER 1
1
]
1
min.
2
1
5 Times
1. In a 200 metre race, A beats B by 20 metres, while in 100 metres race, B beats C by 5 metres. A beats C in a kilometre
race by
(a) 105 metres (b) 25 metres (c) 150 metres (d) 145 metres
(e) None of these
2. X runs 1
2
1
times as fast as Y. If X gives Y a start of 300 metre, how far must X run before he catches up with Y.
(a) 1 km (b) 400 metres (c) 450 metres (d) 900 metres
(e) 600 metres
3. X runs 1
4
1
times as fast as Y. If X gives Y a start of 200 metres, how far Y has run before he is caught by X?
(a) 1 km (b) 500 metres (c) 400 metres (d) 800 metres
(e) 50 metres
4. In a flat race, A beats B by 15 metres and C by 29 metres. When B and C run over the course together, B wins by 15
metres. The length of the course is
(e) 250 metres
Q.5 and 6 not typed
7. In a flat race of L metres, A beats B by x1 metres and beats C by x3 metres, then B will beat C, if:
(a) x1 = x3 (b) x1 > x3 (c) x3 > x1 (d) x1 x3 = 1
(e) x1 + x3 = 0
PAPER 2 [Time - 6 min.]
8. In a flat race of L metres, A beats B by x1 metres, and beats C by x3 metres; then C will beat B if
(a) x1 = x3 (b) x1 >x3 (c) x3 > x1 (d) x1 x3 = 1
(e) x1 + x3 = 0
9. J is 1
8
3
times as fast as K. If J gives K a start of 150 metres, how far must be the winning post so that the race ends in a
dead heat?
(e) 1 km
10. In a 500 metres race, A beats B by 50 metres or 8 seconds. Find A 's time over the course.
(a) 2 minutes (b) 1 minutes 12 seconds
(c) 2 minutes 35 seconds (d) 1 minutes
11. In a 300 metre race, A beats B by 5 seconds or 15 metres. A's time over the course is
(a) 95s (b) 100s (c) 85 s (d) 90s
(e) 105 s
12. X can run 20 metres while Y runs 25 metres. In a kilometer race, Y beats X by
(e) 300 metres
13. In a 500 metres race, the ratio of speeds of two contestants A and B is 3 : 4. A has a start of 140 metres, then
(a) B wins by 20 metres (b) A wins by 20 metres
(c) B wins by 40 metres (d) B wins by 25 metres
(e) A wins by 40 metres
14. If A can run a kilometer in 3
6
1
minutes and B in 3
3
1
minutes, by what distance can A beat B?
(e) 125 metres
*****End*****

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VISHAL JALAN (THE MATHS GURU) PURE TEACHING, NOTHING ELSE

As time = 241s 964s

metre/s 1.6 speed s B' 10

Hence the speed of B is 1.6 metre/s.

Hence A will beat C by 58 metres in a 400 metres race .

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