Introduction

Assessing the past to upgrade the future - A subjective investigation of ICU patients' encounters
is the title of the paper I chose to complete this task. This 2017 article was composed by Kristin
Dahle Olsen, Marti Nester, and Britt Saetre Hansen. My fundamental areas of interest were
physiological sicknesses like bipolar problems and nervousness problems, in this manner I
decided to focus on these problems. With no extra restrictions, I searched for my article using the
terms "anxiety disorders AND qualitative research AND nurse to reduce the number of results. I
read several other articles before discovering one that matched the requirements and piqued my
curiosity. The paper discusses how long a patient needs to recuperate after spending a lot of time
in the intensive care unit. Detail common physiological, physical, and cognitive issues that
patients could encounter Patients' struggles with embracing the truth about their pre-ICU life and
their post-ICU life can be eased through aftercare. These qualifications gave me confidence that
the article's quality would be reasonable for the sort of data I would search for. Alongside having
a creator who knows about the capacity to lead studies and examinations of social investigations,
the author's competence demonstrates that they are familiar with critical care patients. Along
with the authors' declaration of no conflicts of interest, the study demonstrates no potential
conflicts of interest. A quality improvement award from the health region "Skornmidler"
provided the funds (non-profit).

The nursing profession strives to provide the highest standards of care for its patients or
clients, but to do so, it must supply as much evidence-based practice as it can (LoBiondo-Wood
& Haber, 2014). It is vital to take note that proof-based moves should be made into thought to
further develop nursing practice in conveying their administrations. Subsequently, medical
caretakers leading a basic evaluation of the examination article accomplish this. The articles
scrutinize, "Relaxed model of wellbeing: wellbeing relative personal satisfaction in people with
HIV/Helps," is then presented in this study. It is a quantitative research study (Musumari et al.,
2019). The evaluation of the ideas in each article category is the main purpose of this work. To
complete the required evaluation procedure, LoBiondo-Wood and Haber's (2014) critical
appraisal standards are applied. Background material focuses on the research itself, and the
study's goal of examining the ad hoc relationships between age, antiretroviral treatment, social
fortitude, one-care strategy, and medical services that think about the personal satisfaction is
clearly stated in the study's title (Musumari et al., 2019). The population and sample variables are
only briefly mentioned, and the research methodology is not adequately described. According to
LoBiondo-Wood and Haber (2014), it could be difficult for a researcher with less experience to
understand the information in such a model and community. To assist the reader to comprehend
the exploration understudy broadly and decide if it tends to be carried out in their calling or
schooling, it is necessary to include clear background information.

Critical appraisal paper of 1

The researchers decided to utilise a total of 29 participants, and after watching the first interview,
they created themes highlighting commonalities amongst the participants. The same process was
repeated after the second interview, and the topics were then discussed among the authors. The
study indicates that there is no power analysis. The sample size can be used to explain why ICU
patients have diverse but sometimes comparable experiences. Being on a surreal, unusual
journey and normalising the abnormal are the two main themes that emerge when considering
the amount of significance for findings and results about the study's primary objective and
interview questions, respectively. The research's strengths are generally concentrated on the
different demands someone could have while staying in an ICU. The results emphasised the
value of nursing care and the capacity to provide for patients. The patient's ability to feel safe
was related to their ability to communicate with the nurse. Patients employed a variety of coping
techniques, some of which were very focused on forgetting and moving on while others were
very focused on having family members to lean on. I think the strength of the findings and the
data substantiating the authors' claims were sufficient to support their claims even though the
authors did not address effect size.

The type and quality of data in the scene where three separate ICU nurses conducted interviews
in this study were impacted by the method of data collection. Despite using the same interview
guide, the nurses' varied interviewing techniques may have had an impact on the participants'
answers and the data gathered. Participants' responses may be influenced and interfered with by
the second interview's use of a phone call. The research intended to use a 1:1 nurse-to-patient
ratio, but many temporary ICU nurses had to be used as a result of the shortage of competent
nursing staff. Primary healthcare professionals who oversee patients' care following
hospitalisation may lack knowledge of the importance of participating in rehabilitation
interventions, which could cause problems that could skew the findings of the study. When a
patient is discharged, family and friends assist with their care, and alterations to family daily life
have been noted. Family members were some of the participants' main sources of information;
however, there may be a problem with this because they may not always supply the right
information. Although keeping a diary is suggested, not all patients choose to do so to fill in
memory gaps. The diary should be kept by a family member to prevent the loss, but if it is lost,
that family member may experience inconvenience. Throughout the study, it was difficult to use
pamphlets since families and parents frequently neglected to read them as they moved from room
to room or left them behind when leaving for the day. Researchers fixed this by making the
leaflet simple to get on the hospital website. Instead of worrying about potential future
physiological issues, participants concentrate on overcoming current obstacles. The prognosis for
patients who are recovering from ICU care appears to be optimistic. Participants were also in
risky circumstances when being interviewed soon after being discharged from the ICU. Ideals
cannot be applied to everyone because some people may only have hazy memories of their time
spent in the ICU. The study's design is strong since it allowed for accurate experience expression
from participants.

Critical appraisal paper of 2

The introduction and literature review in this study paper is transmittable; the authors have given
a typical element of recording these issues. Because of the impact of the pandemic on these
people's way of life, the authors present the background of the issue about the published research
establishing the fundamentals of healthcare quality of life (HRQL), for example, HIV/AIDS
patients (Musumari et al., 2019). In addition to explaining the HRQL and its connections to
nursing practice, they go into detail about changes and potential advancements in the treatment
of the problem. The literature review, therefore, aids in understanding the study's premise so that
its complete content can be read. On the other hand, citing prior research by creating credentials
of study is insufficient because the literature review provides context and an introduction to the
analysis. As a result, determining the study's quality could have involved a wide range of
research.

Furthermore, the authors described a research topic rather than the idea in itself. "Assessing the
relationship between age, social solidarity, symptom description, individual-care policies,
antiretroviral protection, and HRQL was necessary for the examination" (Grove & Gray, 2018).
As a result, the class of this hypothesis would indicate that this study is not experimental but
rather centres on a quantitative research prototype. The methodological category also fails to
acknowledge a quantitative approach (Grove & Gray, 2018). The instruments being used appear
to be the focus of the class. The choice of the quantitative method to choose data gathering
approaches is what determines the quality of this investigation. Quantitative research provides a
broad standard of evidence with great replication capabilities, according to LoBiondo-Wood and
Haber (2014). Since it outweighs the constraints of quantitative research, it is a good thing that
the research apparatus is detailed in detail.

Another significant flaw was the authors' poor explanation of sampling selection. As a result,
sample sizes are indicated, but no detailed explanation of how the data were obtained from
statistics is provided (Grove & Gray, 2018). Due to the necessity of collecting data using the
statistical sample size approach in quantitative research, this also constitutes a serious flaw.
Procedures for data collection lack sufficient justification. Therefore, this could present a barrier
to repetition and rigour (Musumari et al., 2019). As a result, no one was acknowledged for
completing the questionnaires, and the participant had no access to a self-report. This is ideally
viewed as a problem in the study's reporting. On the other hand, Grove and Gray (2018) add that
the use of a variety of data collection tools and a description of their accountability are the
study's strengths. Additionally, they used well-known research data collection tools that were
adequately validated and improved the quality of the current study.

On the matter of ethics, it is important to emphasise that the study contains the endorsement of
ethics emanating from the healthy body, which informed regard achieved, thereby mutually
acknowledging sound ethical reflection ( (LoBiondo-Wood & Haber, 2014). Once more, there is
no explanation of the information provided to participants or of any communication difficulties.
This is a problem because it does not specifically address the issues of anonymity and
confidentiality. These research findings are well stated in the article and are shown with
diagrams, tables, and other graphics (Grove & Gray, 2018). Although the results category's
presentation of the demographic products is succinct and described in the explanation, they do
exist. The two authors also state that while the results are not conclusive, the p is clearly defined
and crucial to the study. The author's extensive use of people with HIV/AIDS has led to the
results appearing consistent and accurate. The data analysis was carried out using SPSS. They
provided in-depth statistical explanations for each type of variable but never provided a detailed
presentation of it. Additionally, they employed different inference tests for describing variables
(Grove & Gray, 2018). But because they neglected to clarify the components, it was difficult for
the reader to comprehend. Therefore, by including a justification of the tests conducted,
tremendous transparency may be demonstrated. The discussion category appears well-organized,
inclusive, and suitable for this kind of research. This is therefore advantageous when taking into
account the survey's composite character (LoBiondo-Wood & Haber, 2014). As a result, the
research links findings backward to a variety of different activities, strengthening the current
study by showing connections to, among other things, socioeconomic position, social solidarity,
and life quality (Musumari et al., 2019). However, distinct aspects of the practice's impacts are
presented despite the research's weaknesses. Therefore, even if it lacks a thorough justification of
the findings as a whole, the study's conclusion supports the outcomes.

Conclusion

The article's conclusion served as a helpful manual for my nursing profession in describing the
many experiences that patients have while staying in intensive care units. It might be the scariest
experience of their lives for some people, while it might be a fascinating experience for others.
The conclusion also outlines what people think nurses should do to make difficult times easier.
For ICU patients to grasp their recovery, it is necessary to keep family members informed.
Family members may be the only people with whom they can communicate. The most important
aspects of patient care are reassuring patients and outlining the various stages of recovery.
Finally, it is clear from the study that social and other difficulties have a significant impact on the
subjective participants' quality of life and daily experiences. Thus, even though these victims
receive antiretroviral therapies, the social effects may still outweigh the medical benefits.
Understanding these impacts could therefore benefit nursing and the healthcare industry as a
whole. The study's limitations, however, could have led the authors to conclude; as a result, it is
advisable to look at other studies that can confirm these findings before using them in
evidentiary practice.

References
Olsen, K.D., Nester, M. and Hansen, B.S., 2017. Evaluating the past to improve the future–a
qualitative study of ICU patients’ experiences. Intensive and Critical Care Nursing, 43,
pp.61-67.

LoBiondo-Wood, G. and Haber, J., 2014. Nursing research: Methods and critical appraisal for
evidence-based practice.

Grove, S.K. and Gray, J.R., 2018. Understanding nursing research e-book: Building an
evidence-based practice. Elsevier Health Sciences.

Musumari, P.M., Srithanaviboonchai, K., Tangmunkongvorakul, A., Dai, Y., Sitthi, W.,
Rerkasem, K., Kowal, P., Techasrivichien, T., Suguimoto, S.P., Feldman, M.D. and Ono-
Kihara, M., 2019. Predictors of health-related quality of life among older adults living
with HIV in Thailand: results from the baseline and follow-up surveys. AIDS care, 33(1),
pp.10-19.