Al-Quds University

Electrical Engineering - Dual Study Faculty

GRADUATION PROJECT (1)

Monitoring and Controlling the Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) Using

Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)

Supervised By: Prof. Dr. Ali Jamoos

Prepared By: Nour salah
Reg.#: 21811477

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Contact

Abstract ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ page 3

Define the problem ------------------------------------------------------------------------page 3

Chapter One --------------------------------------------------------------------------------page 4

Chapter two -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page 5

Chapter three -------------------------------------------------------------------------------page 7

Chapter four --------------------------------------------------------------------------------page 19

Chapter five --------------------------------------------------------------------------------page 12

Chapter six ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------page 22

Chapter seven ------------------------------------------------------------------------------page 40

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 Abstract

Through training at the company in 6 different training periods I noticed a problem faced by the
company concerning monitoring and controlling Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS). This
project helps the company to solve this problem as I presented the idea of the project to my
supervisor of the company and liked the idea very much. In particular, the idea of the project is to
monitor and control the UPS remotely using an electronic module called Simple Network
Management Protocol (SNMP). This SNMP allows us to monitor and control the UPS type net
agent 9 and has a website named natality that offers many features. To be innovative and
practical, I designed an Android mobile application with the same features of the SNMP web
where I can monitor and control the UPS remotely.

Define the problem:

The problem is as follows during the training period I spent with the Company where the
Company had a periodic maintenance contract for the Palestinian Islamic Bank in all governorates
of the country. This was a burden on the Company in terms of distance and effort on the
maintenance staff in the difficulty of accessing UPS devices whose condition must be checked
and their safety assured. The graduation project that I have done urges to shorten all this effort
and difficulty in accessing the sites by controlling and controlling the ups remotely, and that is
what we will touch on an anatomy in this project.

The current state of art:

As a result of this project, Develops and facilitates the work and the completion of the work in a
quick and optimal time due to several factors mentioned earlier. An internet diagnostic toolkit
needed to be advanced to screen the status of the UPS device and to inform which peculiar
components should be replaced [1]. The device room environment inclusive of electric powered
power, temperature, fire alarm, and water leak may also want to be watched. Using Simple
Network Management Protocol (SNMP), the behavior of network-connected devices may be
monitored for administrative attention [2]. The local remote system via way of means of Rs-232
or Rs-485 conversation code or the extensive remote system via way of means of modems is used
for Conventional remote monitoring control system for UPS, But currently due to communication
cost and lengthy distance the system is modified to remote manage structures via net and facts
conversation network . And serial communication method via way of means of RS-232 or Rs-485
is used between agent and UPS, In this study. We designed and advanced the system which is
able manage UPS, and to monitor mistakes statuses and real values transmitted from UPS via
internet [4].

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 CHAPTER ONE
Background

Chapter One: Background

1.1 Introduction.

SNMP View is software to remotely monitor and control multiple UPS connected to a network.
When an event occurs, SNMP View can be programmed to send an email or a pager to inform the
designated network manager. It can also inform the user of the UPS current condition or
configuration, perform self-test, send a history file, and turn the UPS On/Off and more, and in this
project I will make a application on android mobile to connect the SNMP with application to see
the condition of UPS and monitoring and control the UPS via My Mobile application .

Connect The SNMP to UPS Connect the SNMP with Mobile Application monitoring and
control UPS

Net Agent is the SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) card for monitoring UPS. Not
only could remote control the UPS and get the current status of it, the Net Agent that has 3 ports
or USB ports could also provide other functions, ex. connects to compatible modem to send SMS
notification, or our Net Feeler II and its additional sensors for ambient temperature, humidity and
water status. This product is for “Contact Closure” and “RS232” interface UPS. The
communication protocol includes the Contact Closure, RS232[Mega Tec], Phoenixes], SEC 2400,
SEC 9600, Megatec Three Phase, ...etc. Net Agent provides a simple and easy installation
procedure. CD provides along with Net Agent offers several software to allow the user to
configure IP address; central monitoring and multi shutdown on different operating systems.
Other advance configurations could be accomplished in the Web browser.
1.2 Project Objectives

1. Learning on something new is designing an app on the phone.

2. Solve a problem in the company by remote control and this saves time and great effort.
3. How to net the SNMP on the grid and net it with an app.

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 CHAPTER TWO
How the UPS work?

An uninterruptible power supply or uninterruptible power source (UPS) is an electrical apparatus

that provides emergency power to a load when the input power source or mains power fails. A
UPS differs from an auxiliary or emergency power system or standby generator in that it will
provide near-instantaneous protection from input power interruptions, by supplying energy stored
in batteries, supercapacitors, or flywheels. The on-battery run-time of most uninterruptible power
sources is relatively short (only a few minutes) but sufficient to start a standby power source or
properly shut down the protected equipment. It is a type of continual power system.

A UPS is typically used to protect hardware such as computers, data

centers, telecommunication equipment or other electrical equipment where an unexpected power
disruption could cause injuries, fatalities, serious business disruption or data loss. UPS units range
in size from ones designed to protect a single computer without a video monitor (around 200 volt-
ampere rating) to large units powering entire data centers or buildings.

 Basic Parts of a UPS System :

A UPS comprises the following main components:

1. Rectifier/charger, which produces DC power to charge a battery and supply an inverter.
2. Inverter, which produces quality electrical power free of all utility-power disturbances, notably
micro-outages and that is within tolerances compatible with the requirements of sensitive
electronic devices.
3. Battery, which provides sufficient backup time to ensure the safety of life and property by
replacing the utility as required.
4. Static switch, a semi-conductor-based device which transfers the load from the
inverter to the utility and back, without any interruption in the supply of power.

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Some of the application of UPS :

 Applications of UPS systems include medical facilities, life supporting systems, data storage and
computer systems, emergency equipment, telecommunications, industrial processing, and on-line
management systems.

Fig 2

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 CHAPTER 3
TYPES OF UPS

Types of UPS:
There are three types of UPS they are:

 Online UPS
 Offline UPS
 Line Interactive UPS

 Offline UPS:
The mains to battery changeover time or battery to mains change overtime in offline UPS is very
low as compared to inverter.
Typically, changeover time in inverters is 5o0 milliseconds & Offline UPS has changeover time
of 3-8 milliseconds.
•In a time, when mains ac is present, Inverter provides the output as is
the input mains, While, Offline UPS has built in Automatic Voltage
Regulator (AVR) to regulate the output voltage close to 220 V ac.

Offline UPSs are normal weight UPSs and are widely used for domestic
computers.

Fig 3

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  Online UPS:
• In this type of UPS, the system always remains on battery, whether
mains ac is present or not, when mains ac is present, it provides power
to DC supply of inverter section as well as charges the battery
simultaneously.

• When mains ac is not present, it will run the connected load till the
battery has a recommended dischargeable level.

Fig 4

 Line Interactive UPS:

1. In this design, the battery to AC power converter (inverter) is always
connected to the o/p of the UPS.

2. Battery charging is done during times when the I/P AC power is

normal when the I/P AC fails, transfer switch opens and then the
inverter starts functioning to provide power to load immediately.

Fig 5

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 Chapter four
Simple network management protocol
[SNMP]

Introduction:
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is an Internet Standard protocol for collecting
and organizing information about managed devices on IP networks and for modifying that
information to change device behavior. Devices that typically support SNMP include cable
modems, routers, switches, servers, workstations, printers, and more [1].
SNMP is widely used in network management for network monitoring. SNMP exposes
management data in the form of variables on the managed systems organized in a management
information base (MIB) which describe the system status and configuration. These variables can
then be remotely queried (and, in some circumstances, manipulated) by managing applications.
Three significant versions of SNMP have been developed and deployed. SNMPv1 is the original
version of the protocol. More recent versions, SNMPv2c and SNMPv3, feature improvements in
performance, flexibility and security.

SNMP features

1- A windows interface that is simple and user friendly.

2- Automatic detection and identification of any UPS with NetAgent connected to a network.
3-Capable of simultaneously monitoring up to 1,000 UPS
4- Remotely control, monitor, and manage the networked UPS (Turn On/Off, Self-test, etc...) r
Able to simultaneously support both RS-232 Interface (1 or 3 phase) and Contact Closure
Interface UPS.
5-UPS condition displayed in either a graphic or analog bar chart.
6- Supports Mega Tec’s SNMP Agent and SNMP Internal Card.
7- Able to send email for notification
8- Able to send SMS for notification

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8. Net Agent UPS Installation
1. Insert the Net Agent Card into the slot of UPS.
2. Connect the Net Agent Card to LAN, using the appropriate UTP port
3.connect ups with AC
4. monitoring and controller the ups with netility app or the mobile application.

When we need the Net Agent?

1.When we need to remote monitoring and controls the UPS conditions. For example, the system
manager could use the Internet to control all the UPS conditions all over the country. When the
shutdown utility is installed, the shutdown utility could close all the files and shutdown the
system.

2. when a power abnormal condition happened. o When we need to monitor surrounding

conditions of the machine room, warehouse, office, …etc. For example, the system manager
could know the temperature, humidity, smoke and water condition by using the Net Agent
II3Ports version and Net Feeler II. The system manager could always know these surrounding
conditions by using a Web browser.

Net Agent LED Indications:

Fig 6: net agent Led Indications

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System Requirements

1- LAN/WAN network system with TCP/IP.

2- RS-232 Interface or Contact Closure Interface UPS.
3- External SNMP Agent or SNMP Internal Card.
4-Microsoft Windows 95, 98, NT, 2000, XP, Me, 2003,2008, Vista,7

Photo about Net Agent SNMP and component:

Fig 7: Net Agent SNMP and component

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 Chapter 5
Software Installation

When Net Agent IP is known, enter such IP address on the browser to

login. If non-LCD Net Agent model, install Natality software to find and
configure its IP address.

Fig8 : Ip Address.

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Netility Installation and Setting:

Netility Installation
Netility is tool software that helps the user to search all the available NetAgent within network as
well as to configure IP address and firmware upgrade. Mount the NetAgent Utility CD on CD-
ROM and click on Program Installation>Netility>Windows v4.53.

Fig 9: Netility Installation

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Web interface:

Fig 10: Web interface

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NetAgent Option:

Fig 11: Net Agent Option.

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System Information
Here shows all the basic information of the NetAgent such as hardware / firmware version; Serial
Number; Uptime…etc.

Fig 12

Network Status
This page shows the network information of the NetAgent. With NetAgent9 series which
supports IPv6 could work with compatible network appliance.

Fig 13

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Basic Information
This page shows UPS information/Battery Information/Rating Information. The data is obtained
from the reply of UPS or the settings from [UPS Configuration] webpage.

Fig 14

Current Status
This page shows current UPS Input / Output and Battery Status. Status refresh time can be
configured. When abnormal condition occurs, it shows in red.

Fig 15

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 Fig 16
Remote Control
Here, user can perform several test to the UPS remotely. Once the option is selected, please click
on Apply in order to execute it.

Fig 17

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SMS Modem Status
This page shows the Modem status when GPRS modem is connecting with NetAgent 9 or
NetAgent II (3 Ports).

Fig 18
Net Switch Status
If NetAgent connects with our Net Switch to control outlet remotely, this page shows the status
of each outlet and each outlet can be turn On/Off manually.

Fig 19

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Net Feeler
This page shows the environmental status when Net Feeler/ Net Feeler II and its accessories are
connected with Net Agent.

Fig 20

UPS Configuration:
UPS Properties
UPS Communication Type: In order to let NetAgent and UPS to establish the communication,
select the compatible protocol which your UPS supported from the list. Wrong protocol selected
would cause no communication at all. (Megatec is default protocol)
Number of Batteries： Enter the number of batteries that the UPS has.
Battery Full Charge Voltage (V) ： Enter the number of the full charged voltage per battery
cell. (2.267 is default, this is recommended not to be change)
Battery Exhausted Charge Voltage(V)： Enter the number of exhausted voltages per battery
cell. (1.667 is default, this is recommended not to be change)
Date of Last Battery replacement(mm/dd/yyyy) ： Enter the date of last battery replacement
for record

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UPS On/Off Schedule:
UPS Action When selected event happens at configured time range, UPS will be shut down.

Fig 21

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 Chapter 6
Mobile Application Software

I designed this app on Android with our programmer in the company where I used java language
in programming and xml language in designing the app interface
Where all the codes used are open source.

The program has a 3 main thing:

1. The splash.
2. The login interface.
3. The register interface.

Number 1:
The splash.
The photo about splash in the application:

Fig 22

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The XML code for the splash is:

Fig 23

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The Java code for the splash is:

Fig 24

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Number 2:
The interface of the application
The photo about interface in the application:

Here we have the

slider for 3 photos.

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Number 3:

The Register for the application:

The photo about Register in the application:

Fig 25 fig 26

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The XML code for the register is:

Fig 27

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The Java code for the register is:

Fig 28

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Fig 29

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Number 4:
The Login for the application:
The photo about login in the application:

Fig 30

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The XML code for the login is:

Fig 31

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The Java code for the login is:

Fig 32

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Now after you press in [+] key you can put the title name of UPS and enter the
URL (IP address) Which Suspicious Ups on It.

Fig 33

Then after click on (ok) we go to control page and you can monitoring and
controlling the Ups like the photo below:

Fig44

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Now in the interface we have many things option to monitoring and controlling via
mobile application, in system state we have all state of my ups like the web
interface but on mobile application, the basic information the same thing as like the
web interface, all the option in mobile application I will present it on my mobile
application to present all the option.

System state:

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Basic information:

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Current state:

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Remote control:

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Data log:

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Event log:

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CHAPTER 7

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 Conclusion

Finally, I have done this project to solve this problem that I have been paying attention to
during my many training periods. In order to make this project super creative, I have
designed a simple application on the phone with a programmed thickness as I mentioned
earlier. I hope you succeeded in putting the project forward in this final report.

References

[1] Chen, H. Z., Y. S. Cheng, K. H. Hu, K. T. Hsu, C. Y. Liao, and C. Y. Wu. "Development of an Online
Diagnostic Toolkit for the UPC Control System." (2019).

[2]Chang, Y. T., Y. K. Chen, Y. S. Cheng, C. Y. Wu, C. H. Kuo, Jenny Chen, C. J. Wang, K. H. Hu, and K.
T. Hsu. "Plans for Monitoring TPS Control System infrastructure using SNMP and EPICS." Proc.
PCaPAC’10 (2010).

[3]Francois, Chris. "SNMP." Simple Network Management Protocol, Obtenido en: https://s3-ap-southeast-

1. amazonaws. com/erbuc/files/4149_ab5dc76d-f98f-454bb6f9-f1583d807096. pdf que pueden ser
asignados de
forma arbitraria, es decir, los grados de libertad significan el número de variables que se puede variar 153
(2013).

[4] Lee, Soo-Byeong, Dong-Uk Kim, Yun-Poong Kim, Hyun-Joo Shin, Seung-Pyo Ryu, and Byoung-Gwon
Min. "A developement of Remote Monitoring & Control System using SNMP for UPS." In Proceedings of
the KIEE Conference, pp. 381-383. The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers, 1999.

[5] https://www.makelsan.com.tr/kullanimkilavuzlari/makelsan-maknet-snmp-user-manual-v-6-
1.pdf .

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