UNIT-IV Networking Basics… KM…

*************Networking Basics*************

 Java NetWorking:-

Java Networking is a concept of connecting two or more computing

devices together so that we can share resources.

Java socket programming provides facility to share data between

different computing devices.

 Advantages of Java Networking:-

1)Share Resources.
2)Centralize software Management.

 NetWorking Terms:-

1)IP Address:-
IP Address is a unique number assigned to a node of a network eg.
192.168.0.1,It is composed of octets that range from 0 to 255.

2)Protocol:-
A Protocol is a set of rules basically this is Followed for Communication
For Example:-
I)TCP
II)FTP
III)Telnet
IV)SMTP
V)POP ext.
3)Port Number:-
The Port Number is used to uniquely Identify different application.
It acts as a Communication endpoint between application.

The port number is associated with the IP address for Communication

between two Applications.

port is a number socket on a Particular machine.

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UNIT-IV Networking Basics… KM…

4)Connection-oriented and connection-less Protocol:-

In Connection-oriented Protocol,acknowledgement is sent by the

receiver.so it is reliable but slow.The Example of Connection-oriented
Protocol is TCP.

But,In Connection-less Protocol,acknowledgement is not sent by the receiver.

so it is not reliable but fast.The Example of Connection-less Protocol is UDP.

5)Socket:-

A Socket is an endpoint betweentwo way Communication.

6)Proxy Servers

7)Client-Server

8)Reserved Socket

9)Internet Addressing

A-> 0 to 127 B-> 128 to 191 C-> 192 to 223 D-> 224 to 239 E-> 239 to 255.

10)Domain Naming Services.

 #### InetAddress ####

- java.net package
- InetAddress stands for Internet Address
- InetAddress is a combination of IP address and Host Name.
- InetAddress is a predefined class which is present under java.net package.

 ***Factory Methods:-
1) static InetAddress getLocalHost()
2) static InetAddress getByName(String hot_name)
3) static InetAddress getAllByName(String hot_name)
4) static InetAddress getByAddress(String IP_Address)

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UNIT-IV Networking Basics… KM…

- All these three methods will throws UnKnownHostException

 ***Instance Methods:-
1) boolean equals(object obj)
2) byte[] getAddress()
3) String getHostAddress();
4) String getHostName();
5) String toString();
6) boolean isMulticastAddress()

 Code:-
import java.net.*;
class InetAddressDemo
{
public static void main(String args[])throws UnknownHostException
{
InetAddress addr=InetAddress.getLocalHost();
System.out.println(addr);

addr=InetAddress.getByName("www.msbte.com");
System.out.println(addr);

System.out.println("(wwww.msbte.com)Is Multicast Addresss

Multicast Address="+addr.isMulticastAddress());

InetAddress a[]=InetAddress.getAllByName("www.google.com");
for(int i=0;i<a.length;i++)
{
System.out.println(a[i]);
}

}
}

 URL:-
- URL stands for Uniform Resource Locator.
- Here, we need to handle the exception MalformedURLException.
- URL string consists of three part
1) Network protocol

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UNIT-IV Networking Basics… KM…

2) Host Name or IP address

3) File path or resource location

Syntax:-
Protocol://hostnameorIPaddress:portno/filepath
Example:-
http://www.vjtechacademy.com/about.html

 ***Constructor:-
1) URL(String urlstring)
2) URL(String protocolName, String HostName, int port, String filepath);
3) URL(String protocolName, String HostName,String filepath);
 ***Methods:-
1) String getProtocol();
2) int getPort();
3) String getHost();
4) String getFile();

 Code:-
import java.net.*;
class URLDemo
{
public static void main(String args[])throws MalformedURLException
{
URL u1=new URL("https://www.vjtechacademy.com80/about.html");
System.out.println("Protoclol="+u1.getProtocol());
System.out.println("Host Name="+u1.getHost());
System.out.println("Port Name="+u1.getPort());
System.out.println("File path="+u1.getFile());
}
}

 URLConnection:-
- It is used to access attributes of remote resources.
 **Methods:-
1) int getContentLength()
2) String getContentType()
3) long getDate();
4) long getlastModified()

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UNIT-IV Networking Basics… KM…

5) long getExpiration()
6) InputStream getInputStream()

 Code:-
import java.net.*;
import java.util.*;

class URLConnectionDemo
{
public static void main(String args[])throws Exception
{
URL u1=new URL("https://www.msbte.com");
URLConnection u2=u1.openConnection();

System.out.println("Date="+new Date(u2.getDate()));
System.out.println("Type of contents="+(u2.getContentType()));
System.out.println("length of contents="+(u2.getContentLength()));
System.out.println("Expiration Date="+new Date(u2.getExpiration()));
System.out.println("Last Modified Date="+new Date(u2.getLastModified()));
}
}

 TCP/IP server (ServerSocket) and client (Socket):

- ServerSocket and Socket both are predefined classes which are present
under java.net package.

 ***Socket class:
 Constructors:-
1) Socket(String HostName,int port)
2) Socket(InetAddress addr,int port)
 Methods:-
1) InetAddress getInetAddress();
2) int getPort();
3) int getLocalPort();
4) InputStream getInputStream()
5) OutputStream getOutputStream()
6) void close()
 ***ServerSocket Class:-

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UNIT-IV Networking Basics… KM…

 Constructors:-
1) ServerSocket(int port)
2) ServerSocket(int port , int maxqueue)
3) ServerSocket(int port,int maxqueue,InetAddress addr);
4) accept();
 Diagram:-

 Code:-
//CLIENT Program
import java.net.*;
import java.io.*;
class Client
{
public static void main(String args[])throws Exception
{
Socket s=new Socket("locolhost",8989);
InputStream in=s.getInputStream();
OutputStream out=s.getOutputStream();

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UNIT-IV Networking Basics… KM…

byte str[]="Hi Server".getBytes();

out.write(str);
s.close();
}
}
//SERVER Program
import java.net.*;
import java.io.*;
class Server
{
public static void main(String args[])throws Exception
{
ServerSocket ss=new ServerSocket(8989);
Socket s1=ss.accept();
InputStream in=s1.getInputStream();
OutputStream out=s1.getOutputStream();
int c;
while((c=in.read())!=-1)
{
System.out.print((char)c);
}
ss.close();
}
}
****************************************************************
 Code 2:-
//Client-1 Program
import java.net.*;
import java.io.*;
class ClientDemo
{
public static void main(String args[])throws Exception
{
Socket s=new Socket("localhost",9090);
BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
DataInputStream din=new DataInputStream(s.getInputStream());
DataOutputStream dout=new
DataOutputStream(s.getOutputStream());
String str1="";
while(!str1.equals("bye"))

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UNIT-IV Networking Basics… KM…

{
str1=br.readLine();
dout.writeUTF(str1);
str1=din.readUTF();
System.out.println("Server says:"+str1);
}
s.close();
}
}

//server-1 Program
import java.net.*;
import java.io.*;
class ServerDemo
{
public static void main(String args[])throws Exception
{
ServerSocket ss=new ServerSocket(9090);
Socket s=ss.accept();
BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader
(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
DataInputStream din=new DataInputStream(s.getInputStream());
DataOutputStream dout=new DataOutputStream
(s.getOutputStream());
String str1="";
while(!str1.equals("bye"))
{
str1=din.readUTF();
System.out.println("Client Says:"+str1);
str1=br.readLine();
dout.writeUTF(str1);
}
ss.close();
ss.close();
}
}

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UNIT-IV Networking Basics… KM…

 Output:-

********************************************************
 Datagrams:-
- Here, we use two predefined classes Datagrampacket & DatagramSocket.
 ***Constructors of Datagrampacket:-
1) Datagrampacket(byte data[],int size)
2) Datagrampacket(byte data[],int offset,int size)
3) Datagrampacket(byte data[],int size,InetAddress addr,int port)
4) Datagrampacket(byte data[],int offset, int size,InetAddress
addr,int port);
 ***methods of Datagrampacket:-
1) InetAddress getAddress();
2) int getPort();
3) byte[] getData();
4) int getLength();
5) int getOffset();
6) void setAddress(InetAddress addr)
7) void setData(byte data[]);
8) void setLength(int length)

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UNIT-IV Networking Basics… KM…

9) void setPort(int port)

 ***Constructors of DatagramSocket:-
1) DatagramSocket()
2) DatagramSocket(int port)
3) DatagramSocket(int port,InetAddress addr)
4) DatagramSocket(DatagramSocketImpl obj)
 *** Methods of DatagramSocket:-
1) void send(Datagrampacket obj)
2) void receive(Datagrampacket obj)
3) int getLocalport();
4)int getPort();
5)void connect(InetAddress addr,int port);
6) void disconnect();
7) void close();

 Code:-
//Sending DatagramPackets using DatagramSocket.
import java.net.*;
class DataSender
{
public static void main(String args[])throws Exception
{
DatagramSocket ds=new DatagramSocket();
String str="Welcome to world of Networking Programming
of Advance java!!!";
byte data[]=str.getBytes();
int len=str.length();
InetAddress addr=InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1");
DatagramPacket dp=new DatagramPacket(data,len,addr,5555);
ds.send(dp);
ds.close();
}
}

//Receiving DatagramPackets using DatagramSocket.

import java.net.*;
class Receiver
{

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UNIT-IV Networking Basics… KM…

public static void main(String args[])throws Exception

{
DatagramSocket ds=new DatagramSocket(5555);
byte data[]=new byte[1024];
DatagramPacket dp=new DatagramPacket(data,1024);
ds.receive(dp);
String str=new String(dp.getData(),0,dp.getLength());
System.out.println(str);
ds.close();
}
}
 Output:-

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UNIT-IV Networking Basics… KM…

Inspiring Your Success

VJTech Academy…

Advance Java by Mr.Vishal Jadhav sir’s(VJTech Academy,contact us:+91-9730087674).