End of Unit Test Mark Scheme

Question Part Step Answer Mark scheme

1 a 1st D natural gas 1 mark
b 1st B petrol 1 mark
2 a 2nd D millions of years 1 mark
b 3rd Any one from: wood, peat, nuclear 1 mark
fuel, biofuels.
3 a 1st thermometer and boiling tube 2 marks – 1 mark for each correct
correctly labelled
(accept: test tube)
b 3rd C which fuel makes the water the 1 mark
hottest
c 3rd Any two from: same volume of water, 2 marks – 1 mark for each correct
same mass of fuel, burn for same to a maximum of 2
time, same starting temperature of the
water, same distance between flame
and boiling tube.
d 4th 11.1, 7.2 1 mark for both correct
(accept: 11.11, 7.18, 7.19)
e 4th The energy has raised the 2 marks – 1 mark for reference to
temperature of the boiling tube and boiling tube and 1 mark for
the surroundings. reference to surroundings

Page 1 of 5
 5 a 3rd C, B, A, D 1 mark
b 6th Coal is non-renewable because we 2 marks – 1 mark for each correct
are using it up faster than it is being
formed.
Biofuels are renewable, because we
can grow crops to make more at the
same rate as we use them up.
(accept: equivalent ideas)
c 3rd More carbon dioxide is added to the 2 marks – 1 mark for each point
atmosphere.
4th This traps more heat in the
atmosphere.
6 a 4th Any two from: nuclear, geothermal, 2 marks – 1 mark for each correct
tidal. to a maximum of 2
b 5th Energy from the Sun causes winds to 2 marks – 1 mark for each correct
blow.
Winds blowing over the sea cause
waves.
7 a 2nd One of: protein, carbohydrate, fat, 1 mark
sugar.
b 4th (2536 / 425)  100 = 2 marks – for correct answer, 1
597 kJ mark for correct calculation if
answer incorrect
(allow 596.7, but not 600)
c 4th Children need less energy in their diet 1 mark
than adults (or similar).
8 6th Hydroelectricity would be best. 2 marks – 1 mark for each correct
Any two points from: hydroelectricity point of reasoning, no marks for
would be available all the time; solar just stating hydroelectricity (marks
would only be available during the are for the reasoning)
day, only on days when it is not
cloudy; wind will only be available
when it is windy.

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 7I Mark Scheme

Quick Check
Quick Check Answers
7Ia WS 1 growth, repair, moving, keeping warm
2 Foods contain a lot of energy, so the numbers would be very big if we measured
in joules.
3 a teenager
4 They are still growing and they are more active.
5 Record the type of food and how much of it you eat, then look up the amount of
energy stored in each food.
The final part of the worksheet is best addressed via class discussion.
7Ia 1 Food Temperature rise per
gram of food (°C/g)
crispbread 1.0
chocolate digestives 5.0
cheese straws 6.0
pitta bread 2.5
naan bread 2.0
rice cakes 4.0

2 a crispbreads, naan, pitta, rice cakes, chocolate digestives, cheese straws

b The greater the temperature rise, the more energy the foods contain
(or similar answer).
3 a naan bread : rice cakes = 2.0 : 4.0 = 1:2
b naan bread : cheese straws = 2.0 : 6.0 = 1:3
c pitta bread : chocolate digestives = 2.5 : 5.0 = 1:2
4 For the same amount of food burnt, rice cakes make the temperature of the
water rise twice as much as naan bread.

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 7I Mark Scheme

Quick Check Answers

7Ib Italics used for energy stores, underlining used for energy transfers.
There are other possible combinations of labelling, but the main point is for students
to identify some examples of each kind of energy store and transfer, not to
exhaustively identify all possible answers.
The Sun (N, L) was setting as Zoe and Dan arrived at the theme park, but the air
still felt warm (T). They could hear the music (So) from the waltzers and the
screams (So) from the big dipper as the carriages swooped down (G or K, and F)
the first slope.
They started at a snack van. They had to wait while the cook changed the bottle of
gas (C) that was heating (H) his cooking fat, but they soon had a bag of doughnuts
dipped in sugar (C). Zoe won a bag of sweets (C) by firing a water pistol (K) at
some plastic ducks, and she ate them all while she watched Dan win a cuddly toy
using a catapult (St) to knock over a target (F). Then they had a go on the big
dipper. It was fine while the carriages were being pulled up to the top (G, F), but
Zoe felt very odd when the carriage rattled down the slope (G, K, F) and then up
and down again (G, K). When they got off she dashed (K) around the back of the
nearest stall and tripped over the cans of diesel (C) standing next to a generator
(E). She put her hand out and suddenly all the lights and music stopped. A man
came out to switch the generator back on, and he told her to go and be sick
somewhere else.
Zoe just watched while Dan was swung backwards and forwards (G, K, F) in the
pirate ship, but she felt well enough to go on the ghost train and she only screamed
(So) once when a glowing (L) shape appeared in front of her.
7Ic Coal is a fossil fuel, is non-renewable, is mainly used to generate electricity, was
formed from plants.
Oil is a fossil fuel, is non-renewable, is mainly used to produce petrol and diesel, is
used to generate electricity, was formed from tiny sea plants and animals.
Natural gas is a fossil fuel, is non-renewable, is used to generate electricity, is used
for heating homes, was formed from tiny sea plants and animals.
Uranium is a nuclear fuel, is non-renewable, is only used to generate electricity.
Hydrogen can be renewable or non-renewable, can be used in fuel cells to make
electricity.
Biofuel is renewable, is made from plant or animal wastes.

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 7I
Mark Scheme

Quick Check Answers

7Id 1 False – water has to be moving
2 True
3 False – solar panels are used for heating water
4 False – most are found in mountainous areas to use water falling from high
reservoirs (although some very small hydroelectric power stations can use
water flowing in rivers)
5 True
6 True
7 False – they can only generate when the wind is blowing fast enough (and not
too fast)
8 False – animal wastes can also be used
9 False – the energy transferred by tidal power and geothermal power did not
originally come from the Sun
10 False – biomass is also available at any time
7Ie 2 Burning fuels releases carbon [dioxide] into the atmosphere. This is contributing
to making the Earth warmer. We can stop this happening by burning more [less
fossil] fuels.
3 Electricity is a fuel [is not a fuel] because it is generated using other fuels.
4 Coal, oil and natural gas were all formed from dead plants. [Coal was formed
from dead plants. Oil and natural gas were formed from dead sea plants and
animals.] They are called fossil fuels. They are renewable [non-renewable],
because they will run out one day.
5 We can change the way we live to use less fuel. We can do this by driving
bigger [smaller] cars and keeping our houses warm [making our houses more
energy efficient].
6 Metals like uranium store nuclear energy. Uranium gives off radiation, which can
be used to generate electricity. Uranium will last longer than fossil fuels, but it is
still non-renewable. [This paragraph is correct.]
7 These are renewable resources. They all [except geothermal and tides] get their
energy originally from the Sun.
8 Using renewable [non-renewable] resources makes climate change worse.
[Or, using renewable resources helps to reduce climate change.]

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