ICMEDH

KnE Medicine
The International Conference of Medicine and Health (ICMEDH)
Volume 2022

Conference Paper

Hair Growth Promotion of Argan Oil (Argania

Spinosa Skeels) Nanoemulsion Hair Tonic
Preparation With Mice (Mus Musculus)
Dyah Rahmasari, Zaqina Erin Setya Fazri, Uswatun Chasanah*
Pharmacy Department, Health Science Faculty, University of Muhammadiyah Malang, Indonesia
ORCID
Uswatun Chasanah: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2771-9985

Abstract.
Argan oil is not only used in facial treatments but can also be used for hair care.
Argan oil has hair growth activity as it contains oleic acid and linoleic acid, which act
to prevent hair loss, strengthen hair, and protect against harmful hair cosmetics, as
well as containing tocopherol, which has antioxidant properties. Tocopherol can help
to protect from the effects of UV radiation which can damage hair through the melanin
pigment and protein fraction. This study aimed to determine the effect of variations in
Corresponding Author: Uswatun the concentration of argan oil (Argania spinosa Skeels) with levels of 1%, 2%, 3%, in
Chasanah; email: hair tonic nanoemulsion preparations on the hair growth of mice. Hair growth activity
uswatun@umm.ac.id was carried out using mice for 21 days. The data were analyzed using one way ANOVA
and paired-sample t test. The results showed that after 21 days of testing, there was
Published 15 September 2022
an increase in hair growth from each formula and the positive control, of 1.891 mm,
Publishing services provided by 2.33mm, 3.484 mm and 2.225 mm, respectively. The hair weights of formula 1, 2, 3,
Knowledge E and the positive control were 0.0028, 0.0059, 0.0111 and 0.0070, respectively. The
negative control led to a decrease in length and weight by 0.641 mm and -0.0023,
Dyah Rahmasari et al. This
article is distributed under the
respectively. In conclusion, the preparations of hair tonic nanoemulsion using argan oil
terms of the Creative Commons at concentrations of 1%, 2%, and 3% promoted hair growth in mice.
Attribution License, which
permits unrestricted use and
Keywords: argan oil, hair tonic, nanoemulsion, hair growth activity test, mice
redistribution provided that the
original author and source are
credited.

Selection and Peer-review under

the responsibility of the ICMEDH
1. INTRODUCTION
Conference Committee.
Hair is an icon of appearance and beauty in several parts of the human body that
serves as a determinant of identity and as protection against environmental conditions,
such as exposure to the sun and cold climates.. In addition, hair does not only function
as a protective agent, but also as an aesthetic function and supports appearance [1].
Healthy hair is the dream of every human being and is an important aspect of supporting
appearance.However, not everyone has healthy hair. This is caused by several factors
including air pollution, excessive sun exposure, lack of maintaining clean water when
washing hair, lack of nutrients and too tight ponytail.

How to cite this article: Dyah Rahmasari, Zaqina Erin Setya Fazri, Uswatun Chasanah*, (2022), “Hair Growth Promotion of Argan Oil (Argania Spinosa
Skeels) Nanoemulsion Hair Tonic Preparation With Mice (Mus Musculus)” in The International Conference of Medicine and Health (ICMEDH), KnE Page 598
Medicine, pages 598–603. DOI 10.18502/kme.v2i3.11913
 KnE Medicine
ICMEDH

The most common hair problem is hair loss. Hair loss is a serious problem for both
men and women.Therefore,Hair must receive adequate care and nutrition. One of the
cosmetics in preventing hair loss is using hair tonic
A natural ingredient that can be used to treat hair loss is argan oil. Argan oil contains
vitamin E (λ-tocopherol) and unsaturated fats such as oleic acid and linoleic acid [2].
Oleic acid has the activity of slowing hair loss and stimulating hair growth, and also
has antioxidant properties that are very important for hair [1]. -Tocopherol acts as an
antioxidant antioxidant which is very important for protection agents from the effects
of UV radiation that can damage hair [3]. The preparations made in this research are
hair tonic preparations in the form ofnanoemulsion because the size of the droplets
produced is very small, making it easier to penetrate the stratum cormeum on the skin.
This research was conducted to scientifically prove the effect of variations in the
concentration of argan oil (Argania spinosa) in the hair tonic nanoemulsion preparation
on the hair growth of mice.

2. RESEARCH METHODS

This research was carried out using an experimental method, namely to determine the
proportion of the best active ingredients by comparing the effect of increasing levels
of active ingredients of argan oil on hair growth activity of argan oil nanoemulsion hair
tonic preparations with concentrations of 1%, 2%, and 3%.
Statistical analysis used is one way ANOVA and Paired-Sample T Test which is
processed using the SPSS application

2.1. TOOL

The tools used are analytical gram balance, watch glass, beaker glass, porcelain cup,
measuring cup, dropper, stirring rod, homogenizer, Particle Size Analyzer, caliper, hair
shaver.

2.2. INGREDIENTS

Research materials used for the preparation of hair tonic nanoemulsion were argan oil
(Argania spinosa(L) Skeels), tween 80, glycerin, ethanol 96%, Aquadest, and hair tonic
ginseng as positive controls.

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2.2.1. Argan Oil Nanoemulsion Hair Tonic Preparation Formula

Table 1: Argan Oil Nanoemulsion Hair Tonic Preparation Formula.

Ingredients Function F1 F2 F3
Argan Oil Active 1 2 3
Ingredients
Tween 80 Surfactant 30 30 30
Ethanol 96% Cosurfactant 11 11 11
Aquadest Solvent Ad Ad Ad
100 100 100

2.2.2. Argan Oil Nanoemulsion Hair Tonic Preparation Method

The first step is to put aquadest into a glass beaker then heated on a hot plate ad 50˚C.
Then tween 80 was added and stirred with a homogenizer at 400 rpm for 5 minutes.
Then added the 96% ethanol mixture, stirred with a homogenizer at 450 rpm for 5
minutes, then added argan oil little by little and stirred with a homogenizer at 1000 rpm
for 5 minutes.

2.2.3. Hair Growth Activity Test

The test animals used had inclusion criteria, namely white local mice, male sex, healthy
(marked by active movement), and no wounds on the skin area. while the exclusion
criteria were mice that had wounds on the skin area, were sick (diarrhea, fever).Before
testing, the mice to be used were acclimatized for 7 days.At least 24 hours before the
test, the hair on the back of the mice was shaved with a hair clipper with an area of
2x2 cm for the test preparation exposure site. Shaving was done carefully so as not to
injure the back of the mice. The test preparation was applied to the back of the mice
once a day with a volume of ± 1 ml for 3 weeks.
These sections include:

1. Group 1 smeared with negative control

2. Group 2 was smeared with Formula 1, namely 1% argan oil hair tonic preparation.

3. Group 3 was smeared with formula 2, namely 2% argan oil hair tonic preparation.

4. Group 4 was smeared with formula 3, namely the preparation of 3% argan oil hair
tonic.

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5. Group 5 was smeared with a positive control, namely hair tonic ginseng on the
market.

2.2.4. Determination of Hair Length

Observation of hair length on the back of mice was carried out on day 0, and 21. A
total of ten longest hairs of mice were measured using a caliper and the 10 longest
hairs were selected to measure the average. From the average hair length obtained, it
was statistically processed to see if there was a significant difference between the test
preparation and the negative control.

2.2.5. Hair Weight Determination

Measurement of hair thickness was carried out on day 0 and day 21 by shaving the hair
that grows in the test area, then weigheduse analytical balance. The results obtained
Data analysis used was normality test, univariate test and bivariate test.In this study,
univariate analysis was used to measure each of the independent and dependent
variables with the help of the SPSS 23.0 application. In this study, bivariate analysis was
used, namely to determine whether there was an influence or behavioral relationship
on the accuracy of self-medication use of diarrhea drugs. The analysis used is the
Chi-square test.

3. RESULTS
3.0.1. DeterminationMice Hair Length

Table 2: Average Hair Length Results.

Treatment Group Time Average Hair Length Difference (mm)

(mm) ± SD
Negative Control Day 0 Day 21 5.504 ± 0.2981 -0.461
5.043±0.3634
Formula 1 (1%) Day 0 Day 21 5.681 ± 0.5921 7.572 1,891
± 0.3495
Formula 2 (2%) Day 0 Day 21 5.826 ± 0.2901 2,333
8.159 ± 0.1202
Formula 3 (3%) Day 0 Day 21 5.807 ± 0.3023 3,484
9.291 ± 0.1389
Positive Control (Hair tonic Day 0 Day 21 5.348 ±0.3033 2.225
ginseng) 7.573 ± 0.1383

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Based on Figure ??.1, it can be seen that the average hair length on day 21 (after
treatment) shows an increase in the average hair length of mice. When compared with
the negative control, all formulas of hair tonic nanoemulsion argan oil (Argania spinosa)
had a higher average and formula 3 had the highest average hair length.

3.0.2. DeterminationMice Hair Weight

Table 3: Results of Average Hair Weight.

Treatment Group Time Average Hair Difference

Weight (g) ± (g)
SD
Negative Control Day 0 0.0068 ± -0.0023
Day 21 0.0015 0.0045
± 0.0013
Formula 1 (1%) Day 0 0.0044 ± 0.0028
Day 21 0.0013 0.0072
± 0.0011
Formula 2 (2%) Day 0 0.0056 ± 0.0059
Day 21 0.0027 0.0115
± 0.0015
Formula 3 (3%) Day 0 0.0049 0.0111
Day 21 ± 0.0017
0.0160±0.0020
Positive Control (Hair tonic Day 0 0.0045 ± 0.0070
ginseng) Day 21 0.0009 0.0115
± 0.0028

Based on Table 3 shows that there was an increase in the average hair weight of mice
on day 21 (after treatment). When compared with the negative control, all formulas of
hair tonic nanoemulsion argan oil (Argania spinosa) had a higher average and formula
3 had the highest average hair length. Based on the results above, it can be stated
that argan oil with a concentration of 1%, 2%, 3% has hair growth activity in mice as
evidenced by

4. DISCUSSION

The results of the analysis using one way ANOVA test and Paired T-Test which meet
the requirements. The greater the concentration of active ingredients, the greater the
hair growth activity. This is because argan oil contains vitamin E (λ-tocopherol) and
unsaturated fats such as oleic acid and linoleic acid. Oleic acid has the activity of
slowing hair loss and stimulating hair growth, and also has antioxidant properties that
are very important for hair [1]. Tocopherol acts as an antioxidant by stimulating hair

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growth by causing muscle relaxation in the blood vessels around the follicles so as to
encourage blood circulation to the scalp area. Thus, more oxygen and nutrients are
provided to the cells in the hair, one of which is the hair follicle [4].

5. CONCLUSION

In this study, it was concluded thatthere is an effect of variations in the concentration of

argan oil (Argania spinosa) with levels of 1%, 2%, and 3% in the hair tonic nanoemulsion
preparation on the hair growth of mice. Where the higher the concentration of argan
oil, the higher the activity or ability of hair growth

References

[1] Sari DKDW. Herbal treatment for hair loss. Medical Journal of Lampung University.
____;V(5):129–134.
[2] Charrouf Z, Guillaume D. Ethnoeconomical, ethnomedical, and phytochemical study
of Argania spinosa (L.) skeels. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. ____;67(1):7–14.
[3] Fakhrizal MA, Saputra KH. Katuk leaf potential in preventing hair loss. Journal of
Professional Nursing Research. ____;2(2):193–200.
[4] I.U. fo. C. o. N. Cooperation and NRCM, Argania spinosa (L.) morphological
description: Status constituents parts used. IUCN Center for Mediterranean
Cooperation.

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