Copy-NUTRITIONAL ANAEMIA
Copy-NUTRITIONAL ANAEMIA
Copy-NUTRITIONAL ANAEMIA
AFOSU - CAMPUS
JULY, 2022
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
age, gender (below 12g/dl in males and 11g/dl in females) resulting in the reduced capacity of
Anemia is one of the most prevalence of public health concern in the most of the developing
countries and affects large number of pregnant women in developing countries and has serious
is estimated that 1000 women in Ghana die every year in pregnancy and child birth due to
During pregnancy, the demand for iron and other vitamins increases in order to have enough red
blood cells for the developing fetus, the body starts producing more red blood cells and plasma,
this leads to the blood volume increase to approximately 50%. The plasma content increases
greatly causing dilution of the blood, making the hemoglobin concentration to fall. This is
usually referred as a natural cause of anaemia and experienced during the period of the 25 th and
30th week of pregnancy. Stevens GA, Finucane MM, Rosas JP & Bhutta ZA (2013) noted that,
factors such as lack of iron in diet, lack of folic acid, lack of vitamin B12 and loss of blood due
anaemia.
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1.2 Problem Statement
Despite all efforts of the Government of Ghana to prevent anaemia through the Ministry of
Health and the Ghana Health Service by providing education on nutrition, early detection,
management of anemia and promotion of the use of ITN, by giving pregnant women ITN free of
charge, anemia in pregnancy is still a major health problem and contributes to 16.0% to 50.0% of
maternal death in the country. GHS, (2021) The Prevalence of anemia at booking was
significantly higher in those who registered for antenatal care in the third trimester than in those
who registered in the second trimester. .
From the statistics at the ANC department of the Ejisu municipal Maternity center for the year
2014– 2020, it consistently showed that the HB of women who reported at the ANC is around
11g/dl at registration regardless of the trimester they are in and when checked at 36 weeks the
HB is between 6 – 7g/dl showing severe anaemia.
This raises concern as to whether the strategies employed by the health staff and other related
bodies to reduce anaemia is effective or not and also if pregnant women have adequate
knowledge on the effects of anaemia in pregnancy.
It is against this background that this research is being conducted to determine the cause of
nutritional anaemia among pregnant women attending FANC in Ejisu Municipal.
in Ejisu Municipality.
2. To identify the food source and type of food nutrients consumed by pregnant women in
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Ejisu Municipality.
2. What are the sources of food and type of food nutrients consumed by pregnant women in
Ejisu Municipality?
of the study. Chapter two delves into the review of literature, the third chapter talks about the
methods employed to conduct the study, the fourth chapter is centered on the discussion of the
findings in relation to what others have done. The fifth and last chapter encompasses the
to nutritional anaemia among pregnant women attending FANC in Ejisu Municipality. The
study examined the knowledge on nutritional anemia among pregnant women, identified the
food source and type of food nutrients consumed by pregnant women and to rule out
complications of nutritional anaemia. This delimitation of the study was done to manage the data
Nutrition: the process of providing or obtaining the food necessary for health and growth.
Anaemia: a condition in which there is not enough healthy red blood cells to carry adequate
Nutritional anaemia: this is a condition in which the haemoglobin content of the blood is lower
than normal as a result of a deficiency of one or more essential nutrients, regardless of the cause
of such deficiency.
Pregnancy: this is the term used to describe the period in which a fetus develops inside a
Pregnant woman: is an adult female human being who has a baby or babies developing in her
body.
Maternal death: this refers to the annual number of female deaths from any cause related to or
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aggravated by pregnancy or its management during pregnancy and childbirth or within 42 days
Antenatal care: antenatal care is the care provided by skilled healthcare professionals to women