Em-7 230124 184736
Em-7 230124 184736
Em-7 230124 184736
Er. P.K.Pattanaik, is presently working with OPTCL as General Manager, EHT (O&M) Circle Bhubaneswar
- Odisha and associated with the Protection and Control schemes of Electrical systems.
Having 29 years of technical experience on various HT and EHT voltage level in the field of transmission
sector. Specialization on the development techno-economical design of protection control schemes for
system development and planning. At present involved with various on-going projects on GIS, SAS and
updated Remote SCADA control stations of OPTCL.
–Author–
Er. P.K.Pattanaik
1. Introduction: For the last few months, the response of the readers to the case studies on various
incidents is overwhelming. Hence this month we are again choosing the write up on similar kind
of studies for developing the synchronization of practical observation to the theoretical concepts.
4. So due to old logic of no voltage on all the phases 7. The peculiarity was found with mixing of AC
and current in the system caused tripping of the voltage to the terminal along with DC supply.
healthy circuit. Action Taken and Technical Analysis:
5. In the replaced new numerical relay, the logic was 1. The AC supply as available was due to loss of
changed in corporation the threshold limit and ZERO insulation of the flexible cable used for lighting
sequence allowable current in the system for tracing system and inadvertent touch of the Phase
as fuse failure situation instead issuing of tripping of terminal to one of the NO terminal as mentioned.
the system.
2. This inadvertent touch was resulting rise of
6. The matter was even tested and simulated correctly. the momentary voltage rise on this point and
7. Finally, the system was taken in the scheme. arching on the small gap allowing the continuity
of supply to the tripping coil and was causing
2.2. Case of DC and AC mixing on the DC tripping of the breaker.
battery System:
3. The PEAK VOLTAGE of the AC supply mixed with
At one of the 132/33Kv Grid Sub-Station, abnormal RMS voltage of the DC supply was the culprit of
tripping resulted with a breaker in the system due the tripping action.
Case Study
www.electricalmirror.net
measurement, keeping Transformer winding in 2.4. Gradual Damage of LINE conductor: It was
the system, without removing of the NEUTRAL observed with Damage of conductor strands during
EARTH. annual maintenance check of the transmission line
9. On knowing the mistake, the NEUTRAL EARTH conductor.
of transformer was removed and IR value taken Observations:
thereafter. 1. This conductor was of AAAC Zebra and connected
und at the Tan-Delta point.
een resulted10. This time the measurement
during Tan-Delta actual meggerbyvalue came above
the testing wing in the 220 KV line between TWO tension Tower
t. the allowable limit. location.
d for arresting of the oil leakage.
11. The
as also checked andTransformer
found with was
less charged along
than that with
of the thisSo,
limit. CT 2. During Jumper tightening work, the workmen
ested with the Primary to Earth megger value.
RO value.
and stood OK. reported about the damage of few strands as like
Technical Action:
ning CT was suspected with the process of taking Insulation shown in the fig 2.4.1.
nquired about1. theOn
measurement
first instanceprocess.
and hurriedly without thinking 3. The conductor was connected with gripping
s revealed on inquiring that the grid personnel had taken the hardware, and damage was found just near to
former winding inabout the TRANSFORMER
the system, without removingNEUTRAL EARTH
of the NEUTRAL
link in the system, the grid operator took the connecting point as like shown in fig 2.4.2.
NEUTRAL EARTH of transformer was removed and IR value taken
insulation resistance measurement by the 4. Proper VD (Vibration Damper) was also
alue came aboveavailable motorized
the allowable limit. 5KV IR2. tester.
During (Jumper
Refer tightening
Fig No work, theconnected outsideabout
workmen reported thisthe
damage
damagepart.
of few strands as like
d along with this CT and stood OK. shown in the fig 2.4.1.
2.3.1). 3. The conductor was Damaged strands Fig 2.4.1 Damaged portion of the
connected with gripping strands Fig 2.4.2
hardware, and damage
was found just near to
connecting point as like
dly without 132 KV
shown in fig 2.4.2.
SFORMER 4. Proper VD (Vibration
e system, Damper) was also
insulation connected outside this
damage part.
by the CT under Test
tester. ( Action Taken
Action Taken
SFORMER Fig 2.3.1 1. The Conductor span was replaced with new hardware connection with proper gripping.
e system, 1. ThewithConductor
2. This time the gripping was provided span was
no slacken looseness replaced with new
of the strands.
ERO. TFR not removed with NEUTRAL hardware connection with proper gripping.
Technical Analysis:
y silly, but
ve the Earthing Point during IR measurement. Not only fromof the BASE hardware for holding the main conductor should be done
1. The gripping/clamping
rs do the mistake of removal of EARTH LINK from the PT
with proper system.
care.
2. The conductor strands should be bound tightly avoiding any slacken among them.
www.electricalmirror.net 3. If these strands to remain || JANUARY 2023 || ELECTRICAL MIR ROR 47
mended to review the system if IR measurement is attempted for in slacken way, then subsequent deposition of water and dust particle
upon the above part of conductor, corona effect results with ionization of the water particles,
em in case of obtaining ZERO resistance value, before heating
subsequent declaring
with gradual damage may result.
4. This effect shall be more and quicker as observed in AAAC conductor than ACSR conductor.
Case Study
1. This time the gripping was provided with no Side). All the Jumper cones were found with
slacken looseness of the strands. breakage.
Technical Analysis: 5. But no such failure towards the lesser angle side
1. The gripping/clamping of the BASE hardware for (Towards Tension Tower Side).
holding the main conductor should be done with 6. Each time of failure, temporary PG clamps used
proper care. to provide on the conductor to allow immediate
2. The conductor strands should be bound tightly resumption of power flow in the circuit.
avoiding any slacken among them. 7. The spot was inspected by the experts and found
3. If these strands to remain in slacken way, then with following observations.
subsequent deposition of water and dust particle
b. The susp
upon the above part of conductor, corona effect 27 deg Tower was at 27
47 deg angle away on the oth
results with ionization of the water particles, angle and next T
Tower was
subsequent heating with gradual damage may approximately
80 mtrs away mtrs away fro
result. Tension discussion tow
TWO Susp
Tower
Case Study
jumper cone at a particular Tower. on the other side and next Tension Tower was at
approximately
Technical Analysis: 650 mtrs away from the discussion
1. This DC transmission system (A Particular Tension tower with TWO
1. As analysed Suspension
from the Tower
site position that in was
the area between.
near the costal zone and bank of th
wind effect is the main cause affecting tension on the conductor.
Tower Location) was positioned with another 2. Maximum time, the wind flow was to develop vibration on the conductor and to all
Tension Tower on one side of the extension and c.3.There was only
transformation onefrom
of tension VDthe(Vibration
line conductorDamper) at point
to jumper at the the of interconnectio
The jumper because of NO PILOT STRING was also swinging not in the same pace to
suspension Tower on the other. said Tower
conductor towards
due both
to only one VD side.
on the conductor.
4. So jumper cone being the inter-connection point was to manage this mechanical jerk
with TWO BOLTS in the point.
2. The next tension tower towards the suspension d.5. No Thispilot
TWO insulator
BOLT jumper string wasnotalso
cone was that available for transfer
strong to proper
conductor to the jumper cone and then to jumper for onward transmission.
the the vibration
required support.
tower side was at after TWO number of 6. So in due course, there developed with hair crack on the jumper cone and subsequent d
failure.
suspension points. (As marked in the position e.7. The Tower was positioned at the bank of the
This had been resulted to all the conductors and connected jumper cone towards larger
point side of approximately 650 mtrs away.
sketch Fig 2.5.1) riverMoreover,
8.
with open sky surrounded by no any physical
this long span and larger angle point with no PILOT Insulator was also th
reason towards such failure.
obstruction and in costal wind zone.
3. This particular Tower where issue had been Recommendations:
resulted, was having 47 deg angle point towards So,8. the use
Theof detail was Damper)
VD (Vibration analyzed and
should found be
significantly with following
used in the transmission line syste