Lecture 1review of Matrices

MTH165
Lecture-1
Review of Matrices
Unit 1: Linear Algebra
(Book: Advanced Engineering Mathematics by Jain and Iyengar,Chapter-3)
Topic:
Review of Matrices
Learning Outcomes:
1. Uses of matrices in various fields and daily life.
2. Definition of matrix, Types of matrices .
3. Matrix Operations (Addition, subtraction, multiplication, transpose, determinant)

You might have observed in routine:
Grid of Computer Screen
Online Booking of Cinema Hall

You might have observed in routine:
Republic Day Parade
Matrix Movie
Origin of the word “MATRIX”:
Matrices or matrix is commonly used its mathematics, but have you
thought about how important it is or where you can use it?
Ever wondered where the word matrix came from?
Matrix is actually a Latin word used for the womb.

It is also used to express something that is formed or produced.
Uses of Matrices in Various Fields:
Encryption
In encryption, we use it to scramble data for security purpose to encode and to
decode this data we need matrices. There is a key which helps encode and
decode data which is generated by matrices.
Games especially 3D
They use it to alter the object, in 3d space. They use the 3d matrix to 2d
matrix to convert it into the different objects as per requirement.
Economics and business
To study the trends of a business, shares and more. To create business models.
Construction
Have you seen some buildings are straight but sometimes architects try to
change the outer structure of the building like the famous Burj Khalifa etc.
This can be done with matrices.
A matrix is made of rows and columns you can change the number of rows
and columns within a matrix.
Matrices can help support various historical structures
Dance – contra dance
It is used to organize complicated group dances.
Animation
It can help make animations in a more precise and perfect.
Physics
Matrices are applied in the study of electrical circuits, quantum
mechanics and optics. It helps in the calculation of battery power
outputs, resistor conversion of electrical energy into another useful
energy. Therefore, matrices play a major role in calculations. Especially
in solving the problems using Kirchhoff's laws of voltage and current. It
helps in studying quantum physics and in using it.
Geology
Matrices are used for taking seismic surveys.
Matrix - A rectangular array of variables or constants in horizontal rows
and vertical columns enclosed in brackets.
Element - Each value in a matrix; either a number or a constant.
Dimension (Order) - Number of rows (m) by number of columns (n) of

a matrix (m x n).
**A matrix is named by its dimensions (order).

A matrix is denoted by a bold capital letter and the elements within the
matrix are denoted by lower case letters e.g. matrix [A] with elements
𝑎𝑖𝑗
Types of Matrices:
Types of Matrices:
Equal Matrices:
The definition of equal matrices can be used to the values when the
elements of the matrices are the algebraic expressions.
Matrix Addition and Subtraction:
Matrix Multiplication:
Matrix multiplication is not commutative: 𝐴𝐵 ≠ 𝐵𝐴
Transpose of a Matrix:
The transpose of a matrix can be defined as an operator which can
switch the rows and column indices of a matrix i.e. it flips a matrix over
its diagonal. If 𝐴 is a given matrix, then its transpose is dented as 𝐴𝑇
Symmetric and Skew- Symmetric matrices:
*Diagonal entries of a skew-symmetric matrix are all zeros.

Hermitian and Skew- Hermitian matrices (For complex elements):
A complex matrix 𝐴 is said to be:
Hermitian if 𝐴𝑇ҧ = 𝐴
Skew-Hermitian if 𝐴𝑇ҧ = −𝐴
*Diagonal entries of a Hermitian matrix are all reals.

*Diagonal entries of a skew-Hermitian matrix are purely imaginary or
all zeros.
Example: Hermitian Matrix
Determinant of a Matrix:
In linear algebra, the determinant is a scalar value that can be computed
from the elements of a square matrix and reveals certain properties of
described by the matrix.
The determinant of a matrix A is denoted det (A), det A, or |A|.
Geometrically, it can be viewed as the volume of the n-dimensional

parallelepiped spanned by the column or row vectors of the matrix.
How to calculate Determinant of a Square Matrix:
How to calculate Determinant of a Square Matrix:
For a 𝟐 × 𝟐 matrix:
For a 𝟑 × 𝟑 matrix:

Lecture 1review of Matrices

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Lecture 1review of Matrices

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Lecture 1review of Matrices

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

MTH165

(Book: Advanced Engineering Mathematics by Jain and Iyengar,Chapter-3)

1. Uses of matrices in various fields and daily life.

2. Definition of matrix, Types of matrices .

3. Matrix Operations (Addition, subtraction, multiplication, transpose, determinant)

Grid of Computer Screen

Online Booking of Cinema Hall

Republic Day Parade

Ever wondered where the word matrix came from?

Matrix is actually a Latin word used for the womb.

Element - Each value in a matrix; either a number or a constant.

Dimension (Order) - Number of rows (m) by number of columns (n) of

**A matrix is named by its dimensions (order).

*Diagonal entries of a skew-symmetric matrix are all zeros.

*Diagonal entries of a Hermitian matrix are all reals.

The determinant of a matrix A is denoted det (A), det A, or |A|.

Geometrically, it can be viewed as the volume of the n-dimensional

You might also like