Jimma University College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine

Department of Natural Resource Management

Fina Examination on Nursery and Forest Plantation technology

February 8, 2023

Name____________________________________________I.D._______________________

1. Forest Nursery is required:

A. For growing seedlings under good care until the seedlings pass the early critical stage of
development from germination till it reaches plantable size
B. It economically not feasible to grow seedlings under forest plantation site conditions by
providing all the required care
C. Nursery is the critical activities required for establishing successful forest plantations
D. A and B
E. All the above
2. In terms of size of seedlings produced, which one of the following nursery type is bigger
A. Satellite nursery
B. Permanent nursery
C. Extension nursery
D. All can be bigger or smaller
3. The limitations of temporary nursery are not:
A. Cost of seedlings higher
B. Less supervision
C. More risk of theft
D. None of the above
4. Risk of disease outbreak and costly seedling transportation is associated with:
A. Permanent nursery
B. Temporary nursery
C. Both can be risky depending on local situations
5. If you are assigned to promote multipurpose tree seedlings in the form of tree planting on farm,
you will establish:
A. Permanent nursery
B. Satellite nursery
C. Temporary nursery
D. None of the above
6. Seed pre-treatment before start of seed sowing in forest nursery is required:
A. To get faster uniform germination
B. Break seed coat dormancy
C. Improve germination percentage
D. A and B
E. All of the above

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 7. The most important criteria for forest nursery selection is:
A. Accessibility of the site (all weather road)
B. Nearness to laborers
C. Availability of irrigation water
D. Topography of the site
E. All of the above

Based on the following figure, answer Q8 and Q9

Group 1

8. Which design is more appropriate? Group 1 or Group 2

Group 2

9. Which dimension of the nursery bed more flexible based on space available?
A. Length
B. Width
C. Both
10. We grow seedlings in containers because of:
A. Survival problems in bare-rooted seedlings
B. Ease of transportation
C. We usually prefer to grow seedlings in containers in humid climates
D. None of the above
11. The plantation forest you have visited during your practical session at Boye is not:
A. Even aged forest
B. Young plantation of less than ten years
C. Naturally regenerated forest
D. Plantation of indigenous tree species
E. Plantation of exotic tree species
F. C and D
12. What tending operation hasn’t been yet applied to the Boye forest you have visited?
A. Thinning
B. Pruning
C. Weeding and cultivation
D. All of the above
E. None of the above

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13. Forest plantations for plywood and veneer production is:
A. A short rotation forestry
B. Long rotation forestry
C. Forest plantation management which aims towards bigger diameter trees for final
harvest
D. Forest plantation management which aims towards smaller diameter trees for final
harvest
E. B and C
F. A and D
14. Why forest plantations (plantation forestry) is required for natural resource management?
A. Products/ services from forest plantations can serve as substitutes to products/services
from natural forests and hence improve sustainable resource management
B. Plantation forests can help in mitigation of climate change
C. Job creation and improvements in livelihoods
D. Can help in rehabilitation of degraded areas and help in beautification of landscapes
E. A and B
F. all of the above
15. Site Preparation and tree planting programs are related in:
A. sequence in time, one follows the other
B. the success of the latter depends on the quality of the site preparation
C. a and b
D. none of the above
16. Comparing humid climate vs dry, which of the following is wrong?
A. Plantation site in humid climate requires more thorough site preparation as compared
to drier sites
B. Plantation site in humid climate requires more thorough weed management as
compared to drier sites
C. Plantation establishment is easier in humid areas
D. none of the above
17. Which of the following is/are not the objectives of site preparation in plantation forest
establishment?
A. reducing competition
B. reducing risk of forest fire and pests
C. optimize conditions for survival and growth of planted seedlings
D. a and b
E. all of the above
18. Which of the following silvicultural operation doesn't contribute to tree growth in overall
volume increment?
A. pruning
B. thinning
C. weeding and climber cutting
D. none of the above

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19. Initial tree spacing during planting is/are decided based on:
A. the objectives of planting
B. the type of species planted
C. the rotation age
D. forest products to be harvested finally
E. all of the above
20. In designing plantation site, subdivision of big areas in to smaller units called blocks and
compartments are required for:
A. ease of management
B. increase tree growth
C. random arrangement approach
D. all of the above
E. none of the above
21. Which of the following statement is inappropriate to say ?
A. Tree seedling planting time could vary from place to place based on climatic conditions
B. Planting too early and too late is the main cause of seedling death and hence poor
survival
C. For bare-rooted seedlings, planting during cloudy days could lead to better survival
D. Irrigating planted seedlings is not applicable in large-scale forest plantations mainly due
to cost implications
E. all of the above
F. none of the above
22. Which of the following isn't part of forest plantation maintenance activity after planting?
A. Protection against forest fire in fire prone areas
B. Protection against damage from livestock by browsing and trampling
C. Protection against human trespass (theft and vandalism)
D. Guarding and frequent patrolling
E. none of the above
F. all of the above
23. In thinning operations we reduce the number of plants per hectare, so why we plant after all
many trees at the time of plantation establishment when we can reduce the cost of thinning?
A. many trees at the initial stage is required for faster canopy closure to reduce heavy
branching which is inappropriate for timber trees
B. the tree removed during thinning operations can generate intermediate revenues
C. if planted at wider spacing, trees tend to have more tapering and rough branching
D. a and b
E. all of the above
24. initial spacing in forest plantation establishment is decided:
A. on the type of species planted
B. the objectives of plantations
C. types of forest products required
D. all of the above

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25. Which of the following statement is untrue in forest plantation weed management?
A. Weeding frequency reduces as plantations grows older
B. Weed if unmanaged can kill planted seedlings
C. Weeds can harm plantations in harboring pests
D. weeding requirements will be high if the spacing between planted seedlings is small
E. all of the above
F. none of the above
26. Which of the following statement is true about mulching as weed control?
A. Mulch reduces soil temperature around the planted seedlings and hence reduce
evaporation
B. mulching can harbor harmful pests that will damage seedlings
C. Organic mulch eventually decomposes and require more frequent replenishment
D. a and c
E. all of the above
27. Which of the following is inappropriate for pruning as silvicultural operation in tropical forest
plantations?
A. Pruning is required in all conifer forest plantations despite plantation objectives
B. Prune as early as possible
C. High pruning should be carried out after thinning operation
D. Eucalyptus tree species tend to self-prune as compared to conifer species
E. all of the above
28. Which of the following is/are not the objectives of thinning in forest operations?
A. Improve tree form and knot free timber
B. Improve conditions for remaining tree growth in diameter and height
C. To improve stand hygiene
D. to generate intermediate revenue
E. all of the above
29. Which of the following statement is wrong about beating up in forest plantation establishment?
A. Beating up is part of the plantation forest establishment which could be carried out two-
three times in case of significant failures
B. Beating up is replacement planting for plantation failures of significant percentages of
seedlings
C. Beating up is required for plantations with less than 80% survival especially in densely
planted seedlings
D. For wider spaced seedlings, less mortality rates are tolerated
E. None of the above
30. Planting Bare-root seedlings are:
A. More appropriate in humid climates
B. More appropriate in arid climates
C. Not required in plantation forestry programs
D. Difficult to say
E. All of the above

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31. Mention three of the objectives of thinning in forest plantations?
A. ___________________________________________________
B. ______________________________________________________
C. __________________________________________________________
32. Describe at least two objectives of first pruning in forest plantation management.
A. ___________________________________________________
B. ____________________________________________________________
33. Discuss the socio-economic role of plantation forestry in Ethiopia (2 pts)
34. Mention at least three factors which affect initial survival of seedlings in plantation forestry
projects?
A. _________________________
B. ____________________________
C. ____________________________
35. What is wrong if repeated failure occurs in plantation forest establishment? Discuss three points
(3pts)
36. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of chemical weed control in forest plantation. (5 pts)
37. Discuss some of the pros and cons of chemical weed control measures in forest Plantations. (5
pts)