E101

In the figure, the block accelerates down a frictionless inclined plane. Which of the following is the acceleration of the
block?

g sin Θ
𝐹 = 𝑚𝑎
𝐹𝑛𝑒𝑡
𝑎=
𝑚
𝑚𝑔𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛩
𝑎=
𝑚
𝑎 = 𝑔𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛩
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qvpIv53XkJk

The figure shows a modified setup of E101. m1 is on a frictionless inclined plane and m2 > m1. If the system is released
from rest, which of the following is the acceleration according to Newton's 2nd Law of Motion?
𝑚2 𝑔 − 𝑚1 𝑔𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛩
𝑎=
𝑚1 + 𝑚2
𝐹 = 𝑚𝑎
𝐹𝑛𝑒𝑡 𝑚2 𝑔 − 𝑚1 𝑔𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛩
𝑎= =
𝑚𝑇 𝑚1 + 𝑚2
(𝑚2 − 𝑚1 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛩)𝑔
𝑎=
𝑚1 + 𝑚2

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_DD3zh0_L0M
In the figure m1 = 0.800 kg and m2 = 0.200 kg. The system is released from rest. What is the distance traveled by m1
after 1.00 s?
98 cm
𝑇 = 𝑚1 𝑎
Equation 1

𝑇 = (0.800 𝑘𝑔)𝑎
Equation 2

𝑚2 𝑔 − 𝑇 = 𝑚2 𝑎
9.8𝑚
(0.200 𝑘𝑔) ( ) − 𝑇 = 0.200 𝑘𝑔(𝑎)
𝑠2
Substitution of equation 1 to equation 2 (use shift solve function)
𝑚2
(0.200 𝑘𝑔) (9.8 ) − (0.800 𝑘𝑔)𝑎 = (0.200 𝑘𝑔)𝑎
𝑠
𝑎 = 1.96 𝑚/𝑠 2
1
𝑠 = 𝑥 + 𝑎𝑡 2
2
𝑚 1 𝑚
𝑠=0 2
+ (1.96 2 ) (1.00 𝑠)2 = 0.98 𝑚 = 98 𝑐𝑚
𝑠 2 𝑠
In the figure m1 = 0.400 kg and m2 = 0.100 kg. The system is released from rest and m1 travels through a distance s =
1.00 m. What is the elapsed time?
1010 ms
𝑇 = 𝑚1 𝑎
Equation 3

𝑇 = (0.400 𝑘𝑔)𝑎
Equation 4

𝑚2 𝑔 − 𝑇 = 𝑚2 𝑎
𝑚
(0.100 𝑘𝑔) (9.8 ) − 𝑇 = (0.100 𝑘𝑔)𝑎
𝑠2
Substitution of equation 1 to equation 2 (use shift solve function)
𝑚2
(0.100 𝑘𝑔) (9.8 ) − (0.400 𝑘𝑔)𝑎 = (0.100 𝑘𝑔)𝑎
𝑠
𝑎 = 1.96 𝑚/𝑠 2
1
𝑠 = 𝑥 + 𝑎𝑡 2
2
𝑚 1 𝑚
1.00 𝑚 = 0 + (1.96 2 ) 𝑡 2
𝑠 2 𝑠
 2
𝑡2 =
1.96

2
𝑡 = √ = 1.010 𝑠
1.96

1 𝑚𝑠
1.010 𝑠 ( ) = 1010 𝑚𝑠
1𝑥10−3 𝑠

In the figure, the block of mass 2.00 kg accelerates down a frictionless inclined plane. The angle of the inclined plane is
30.0°. What is the acceleration of the block?
𝑎 = 𝑔𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛩
𝑚
𝑎 = (9.8 ) sin(30.0°) = 4.9 𝑚/𝑠 2
𝑠2

In the figure, the system is released from rest. The tension in the string connecting the two masses is T. Which of the
following is true?
m2g > T (from Sir’s E101 Theory lecture)
The figure is called an Atwood’s Machine where two masses, connected by a string that goes over a pulley, are released
from rest. If m2 > m1, which of the following is not true?
m 1g > T 1
https://www.iit.edu/sites/default/files/2019-11/atwood.pdf

The figure is called an Atwood’s Machine where two masses, connected by a string that goes over a pulley, are released
from rest. If m2 = 3.00 kg and m1 = 2.00 kg, what is the acceleration of the system?
1.96 m/s2
 𝑚2 𝑔 − 𝑇2 = 𝑚2 𝑎
Equation 5

𝑚2 𝑔 − 𝑚2 𝑎 = 𝑇2
𝑇1 − 𝑚1 𝑔 = 𝑚1 𝑎
Equation 6

𝑇1 = 𝑚1 𝑎 + 𝑚1 𝑔
𝑇1 = 𝑇2
Solving for a using Equation 3 and Equation 4
𝑚2 𝑔 − 𝑚2 𝑎 = 𝑚1 𝑎 + 𝑚1 𝑔
𝑚2 𝑔 − 𝑚1 𝑔 = 𝑚1 𝑎 + 𝑚2 𝑎
𝑔(𝑚2 − 𝑚1 ) = 𝑎(𝑚1 + 𝑚2 )
𝑔(𝑚2 − 𝑚1 )
𝑎=
𝑚1 + 𝑚2
𝑚
(9.8 ) (3.00 𝑘𝑔 − 2.00 𝑘𝑔)
𝑎= 𝑠2
3.00 𝑘𝑔 + 2.00 𝑘𝑔
𝑎 = 1.96 𝑚/𝑠 2

A 2.00-kg object that is initially at rest is acted upon by a net force of 5.00 N. How far will the object travel in 1.20 s?
1.80 m

m = 2.00 kg
x = 0 m/s2 (at rest)
t = 1.20 s
Fnet = 5.00 N

𝐹𝑛𝑒𝑡 = 𝑚𝑎
1
𝑠 = 𝑥 + 𝑎𝑡 2
2
𝐹𝑛𝑒𝑡
𝑎=
𝑚
5.00𝑁 𝑚
𝑎= = 2.50 2
2.00 𝑘𝑔 𝑠
𝑚 1 𝑚
𝑠 = 0 + (2.50 2 ) (1.20 𝑠)2 = 1.80 𝑚
𝑠 2 𝑠

The figure shows a modified setup of E101. m1 is on a frictionless table and m3 > m2. If the system is released from rest,
which of the following is the acceleration according to Newton's 2nd Law of Motion?
(𝑚3 − 𝑚2 )𝑔
𝑎=
𝑚1 + 𝑚2 + 𝑚3
𝑚3 𝑔 − 𝑇2 = 𝑚3 𝑎
Equation 7

𝑚3 𝑔 − 𝑚3 𝑎 = 𝑇2
𝑇2 − 𝑇1 = 𝑚1 𝑎
Equation 8

𝑇1 = 𝑚1 𝑎 + 𝑇2
𝑇2 − 𝑚2 𝑔 = 𝑚2 𝑎
Equation 9

𝑇2 = 𝑚2 𝑎 + 𝑚2 𝑔
𝑇1 = 𝑇2
Adding equation 5, equation 6, and equation 7
𝑚3 𝑔 − 𝑚3 𝑎 = 𝑚2 𝑎 + 𝑚2 𝑔
𝑚3 𝑔 − 𝑚2 𝑔 = 𝑚2 𝑎 + 𝑚3 𝑎
𝑔(𝑚3 − 𝑚2 ) = 𝑎(𝑚2 + 𝑚3 )
𝑔(𝑚3 − 𝑚2 ) − 𝑎(𝑚2 + 𝑚3 ) = 𝑇2
𝑇1 = 𝑚1 𝑎 + 𝑇2
𝑔(𝑚3 − 𝑚2 ) − 𝑎(𝑚2 + 𝑚3 ) + 𝑚1 𝑎 = 0
𝑔(𝑚3 − 𝑚2 ) − 𝑎(𝑚1 + 𝑚2 + 𝑚3 ) = 0
𝑔(𝑚3 − 𝑚2 ) = 𝑎(𝑚1 + 𝑚2 + 𝑚3 )
𝑔(𝑚3 − 𝑚2 )
𝑎=
𝑚1 + 𝑚2 + 𝑚3
In the figure m1 = 0.400 kg and m2 = 0.100 kg. The system is released from rest. The acceleration of the system is
1.96 m/s2
𝑇 = 𝑚1 𝑎
Equation 10

𝑇 = (0.400 𝑘𝑔)𝑎
Equation 11

𝑚2 𝑔 − 𝑇 = 𝑚2 𝑎
𝑚
(0.100 𝑘𝑔) (9.8 ) − 𝑇 = (0.100 𝑘𝑔)𝑎
𝑠2
Substitution of equation 1 to equation 2 (use shift solve function)
𝑚2
(0.100 𝑘𝑔) (9.8 ) − (0.400 𝑘𝑔)𝑎 = (0.100 𝑘𝑔)𝑎
𝑠

In the figure, the system is released from rest. The tension in the string connecting the two masses is T. If m1 = 0.150 kg
and m2 = 0.050 kg, what is the tension in the string?
0.37 N
𝐹𝑛𝑒𝑡 = 𝑚𝑎
 𝑇1 = 𝐹𝑛𝑒𝑡1
Equation 12

𝑇1 = 𝑚1 𝑎
𝑊 > 𝑇2
𝑚2 𝑔 − 𝑇2 = 𝐹𝑛𝑒𝑡2
𝑚2 𝑔 − 𝑇2 = 𝑚2 𝑎
Equation 13

𝑇2 = 𝑚2 𝑔 − 𝑚2 𝑎
Solving Equation 10 and Equation 11
𝑚1 𝑎 = 𝑚2 𝑔 − 𝑚2 𝑎
𝑚1 𝑎 + 𝑚2 𝑎 = 𝑚2 𝑔
𝑎(𝑚1 + 𝑚2 ) = 𝑚2 𝑔
𝑚2 𝑔
𝑎=
𝑚1 + 𝑚2
𝑚
(0.050 𝑘𝑔) (9.8 2)
𝑎= 𝑠 = 2.45 𝑚/𝑠 2
0.150 𝑘𝑔 + 0.050 𝑘𝑔
𝑇1 = 𝐹𝑛𝑒𝑡1
𝑚
𝑇1 = (0.150 𝑘𝑔) (2.45 ) = 0.37 𝑁
𝑠2
In the figure, a force F = 10.0 N is applied on a block of mass m = 2.00 kg that is initially at rest on a horizontal
frictionless surface. If the angle of the force is 30o, what is the acceleration of the block?
4.33 m/s2
F = 10.0 N
m = 2.00 kg
Angle = 30.0°
𝐹𝑛𝑒𝑡 = 𝐹𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛩 = 𝑚𝑎𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛩
𝐹𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛩
𝑎=
𝑚
10 cos(30°) 𝑚
𝑎= = 4.33 2
2.00𝑘𝑔 𝑠
E102
What is the coefficient of sliding friction between the block and the surface?
𝑓
𝜇=
𝑁
𝑁 = 𝑚𝑔
𝑓 10 𝑁
𝜇= = = 0.51
𝑚𝑔 2.00 𝑘𝑔 ∗ 9.8 𝑚
𝑠 2
In the figure, a force F is applied on a block of mass m that is on a horizontal surface. The coefficient of kinetic friction
between m and the surface is μ. Which of the following is true?
f = µ(mg – FsinΘ)

Graph of force of static friction and kinetic friction

The figure shows a graph of E102 Part 1. The mass of the object is 0.696 kg. Which of the following is correct?
The kinetic friction is 0.52 N and the starting friction is 0.80 N.
(0.80 𝑁)
𝜇𝑠 = 𝑚 = 0.117
(0.696 𝑘𝑔 ∗ 9.8 )
𝑠2
(0.52 𝑁)
𝜇𝑘 = 𝑚 = 0.076
0.696 𝑘𝑔 ∗ 9.8
𝑠2
A 2.00-kg block is at rest on a horizontal plank that is 1.50 m long. When one end of the plane is raised to 0.50 m, the block
starts sliding down. What is the coefficient of static/starting friction between the block and the plank?

𝑓 = 𝑊𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛩
𝑁 = 𝑊𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛩
𝐴𝐵 0.5 𝑚
sin−1 ( ) = sin−1 ( ) = 19.4172
𝐴𝐶 1.50 𝑚
𝑓
𝜇𝑠 = = 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝛩
𝑁
𝜇𝑠 = tan(19.4172) = 0.35
In the figure, the coefficient of kinetic friction between m1=2.00 kg and the table is μ=0.200. The hanging mass m2=3.00kg.
What is the acceleration of the system?
Correct answer: 5.096 m/s2
Closest answer: 5.91 m/s2
𝐹𝑛𝑒𝑡1 = 𝑚1 𝑎
𝐹𝑛𝑒𝑡2 = 𝑚2 𝑎
𝑊>𝑇
 𝑚2 𝑔 − 𝑇 = 𝑚2 𝑎
𝑚2 𝑔 − 𝑇 = 𝐹𝑛𝑒𝑡2
Tension equation
𝑇 = 𝑚2 𝑔 − 𝐹𝑛𝑒𝑡2
Acceleration equation for no friction
𝑚1 𝑎 = 𝑚2 𝑔 − 𝑚2 𝑎
𝑚1 𝑎 + 𝑚2 𝑎 = 𝑚2 𝑔
𝑎(𝑚1 + 𝑚2 ) = 𝑚2 𝑔
𝑚2 𝑔
𝑎=
𝑚1 + 𝑚2
Acceleration equation for friction
Horizontal
𝑇 − 𝑓𝑘 = 𝐹𝑛𝑒𝑡1
𝑇 − 𝜇𝑁 = 𝑚𝑎
𝑁 = 𝑚1 𝑔
Equation 14
𝑚
𝑇 − 0.200(2.00 𝑘𝑔) (9.8 ) = 2.00 𝑘𝑔(𝑎)
𝑠2
Vertical
𝑚2 𝑔 − 𝑇 = 𝐹𝑛𝑒𝑡2
𝑚2 𝑔 − 𝑇 = 𝑚2 𝑎
Equation 15
𝑚
(3.00 𝑘𝑔) (9.8 ) − 𝑇 = (3.00 𝑘𝑔)𝑎
𝑠2
Solving simultaneously
𝑇 = 14.112; 𝑎 = 5.096 𝑚/𝑠 2

APPLICATION: As a car moves forward on a level road at constant velocity, the net force acting on the tires is: zero

http://www.physics.umd.edu/courses/Phys121/Brill/2005/1test.html
zero.
the normal force times the coefficient of kinetic friction.
greater than the normal force times the coefficient of static friction.
equal to the normal force times the coefficient of kinetic friction
What is the acceleration of the block if the coefficient of sliding friction is 0.200?
3.04 m/s2
𝐹𝑎𝑝𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑒𝑑 − 𝜇𝑠 𝑚𝑔
𝑎=
𝑚
𝑚
10 𝑁 − (0.200 ∗ 2.00 𝑘𝑔 ∗ 9.8 2 )
𝑎= 𝑠 = 3.04 𝑚/𝑠 2
2.00
https://sciencing.com/calculate-force-friction-6454395.html

A block is launched up an incline plane. After going up the plane, it slides back down to its starting position. The coefficient
of friction between the block and the plane is 0.3. The speed of the block when it reaches the starting position on the trip
down: is less than the launching speed
http://www.physics.umd.edu/courses/Phys121/Brill/2005/1test.html
is less than the launching speed.
is greater than the launching speed.
cannot be compared to the launch speed with the information given.
is the same as the launching speed.
Two objects, A and B, are placed on an inclined plane that can be rotated to different angles of elevation. A starts to slide
at twice the angle of elevation that B starts sliding. The respective coefficients for static friction for A and B are μA and
μB. Which of the following is true?
μA > μ B
Chapter 4, 64
https://people.nscl.msu.edu/~zegers/testbank

μB > μA
μB = 2μA
μA = 2μB
μA > μ B
In the figure, the block of mass 2.00 kg accelerates down the inclined plane. The coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.200 and
angle of the inclined plane is 30.0o. What is the acceleration of the block?
Correct answer: 3.20 m/s2
Closest answer: 3.05 m/s2
𝑓1 = 𝑚𝑔𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛩
𝑁 = 𝑚𝑔𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛩
𝑓2 = 𝜇𝑘 𝑁
𝐹𝑛𝑒𝑡 = 𝑚𝑎
𝐹𝑛𝑒𝑡 = 𝑓1 − 𝑓2 𝑁
𝑚𝑎 = 𝑚𝑔𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛩 − 𝜇𝑘 𝑚𝑔𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛩
𝑚 𝑚
𝑚𝑔𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛩 − 𝜇𝑘 𝑚𝑔𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛩 (2.00 𝑘𝑔) (9.8 𝑠 2 ) (𝑠𝑖𝑛90°) − (0.200)(2.00 𝑘𝑔) (9.8 𝑠 2 ) (𝑐𝑜𝑠30°)
𝑎= = = 3.20 𝑚/𝑠 2
𝑚 2.00𝑘𝑔

In the figure, the block of mass m is at rest on the inclined plane. Which of the following is true?
The static friction is equal to µmg sinΘ.
𝑓1 = 𝑚𝑔𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛩
 𝑁 = 𝑚𝑔𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛩
𝑓
µ= = 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝛩
𝑁

Which of the following is not true about friction force?

Friction force is independent of the surface area in contact
Friction force is independent of the surface area in contact.
Friction force is always directly proportional to the weight of the body.
Kinetic friction force cannot be greater than static friction.
Friction force always acts opposite the direction of sliding or impending motion.
As a car skids with its wheels locked trying to stop on a slippery road, the force of friction between the slippery road and
the tires will usually be:
Less than the normal force of the road times the coefficient of static friction
𝑓 = 𝜇𝑘 𝑁
Coefficient of kinetic friction is less than coefficient of static friction thus, frictional force, f, < (µ sN)
equal to the normal force of the road times the coefficient of static friction.
less than the normal force of the road times the coefficient of static friction.
greater than the normal force of the road times the coefficient of kinetic friction.
greater than the normal force of the road times the coefficient of static friction.
A hockey puck moving at 7.0 m/s coasts to a halt in 75 m on a smooth ice surface. What is the coefficient of friction
between the ice and the puck?
0.033

𝑣 2 = 𝑣02 + 2𝑎∆𝑥

𝑎 = −𝑥𝑔
𝑚 2 𝑚
02 = (7.0 2
) + 2(−𝑥 ∗ 9.8 2 )(75)
𝑠 𝑠
𝑥 = 0.033
https://www.wlwv.k12.or.us/cms/lib8/OR01001812/Centricity/Domain/1335/Friction%20Review%20Problems%20Answ
er%20key.PDF
Chapter 4, 78.
https://people.nscl.msu.edu/~zegers/testbank
0.033
0.25
0.12
0.025
E103
In the setting below, what is the moment of inertia of the disk pulley?
0.004 kg · m2

1
𝐼𝐶 = (0.800 𝑘𝑔)(0.1 𝑚)2 = 0.004 𝑘𝑔 · 𝑚2
2
Torque is applied on a solid disk (with axis through its center), causing it to rotate with a certain angular acceleration. If
the same torque is applied to a second disk with half the moment of inertia of the first disk, the angular acceleration of the
second disk is
twice that of the first disk

Arrange the following in order of increasing moment of inertia if they all have the same mass and radius:
Solid sphere < Solid disk < hollow sphere < thin ring
BACD
https://www.toppr.com/ask/question/a-ring-r-a-disc-d-a-solid-sphere-s-and-a-hollow-sphere-with/

What is the moment of inertia of a solid disk of mass 100 g and radius 25 cm about an axis through its center?
0.003125 kg · m2

1
𝐼 = 𝑀𝑅 2
2
1
𝐼 = (0.100 𝑘𝑔)(0.25 𝑚)2 = 0.003125 𝑘𝑔 · 𝑚2
2
The figure shows the set up of E103 for a disk pulley. Which of the following gives the tension in the string?
T = mg - ma

A solid disk of mass M and radius R with axis through its center has a moment of inertia I. A second disk, also with axis
through its center, has twice the mass but half the radius of the first disk. The moment of inertia of the second disk is
half that of the first disk
m=M
r=R
1
𝐼 = 𝑀𝑅 2
2
1 𝑅 2
𝐼 = (2𝑚) ( )
2 2
𝑚𝑅 2
𝐼=
4
 1 𝑀𝑅 2
𝐼= ∗
2 2
1
𝐼=
2

The figure shows the set up of E103 for a disk pulley. Which of the following is NOT equal to the torque that causes the
pulley to rotate with an angular acceleration α?
0.5MRa
Force = Tension = Inertia
𝐼 = 𝜏𝑅
𝜏 = 𝑚𝑔𝑅
𝜏 = 𝐼𝛼
𝑎
𝛼=
𝑅
𝑎
𝜏 = 𝐼( )
𝑅

The figure shows the set up of E103 for a ring pulley. Which of the following gives the tension in the string?
 𝐼𝛼
𝑇=
𝑅
The figure shows the set up of E103 for a disk pulley. Suppose m = 0.100 kg, M = 0.500 kg, R = 0.100 m, and r = 0.050
m, what is the acceleration of the falling mass m?
2.4 m/s2
1
𝐼 = 𝑀(𝑟 2 + 𝑅 2 )
2
1
𝐼 = (0.500 𝑔)((0.100 𝑚)2 + (0.050 𝑚)2 ) = 0.003125 𝑘𝑔 · 𝑚2
2
𝑚𝑔 − 𝑇 = 𝑚𝑎
𝑎
𝑇𝑅 = 𝐼 ( )
𝑅
𝑎
𝑇 = 𝐼 ( 2)
𝑅
𝐼𝑎
𝑚𝑔 = 𝑚𝑎 + ( 2 )
𝑅
𝑚
𝑚𝑔 (0.100 𝑘𝑔) (9.8 𝑘𝑔 · 2 ) 𝑚
𝑎= = 𝑠 = 2.375757576 ≈ 2.4 2
𝐼 2
𝑚 + 2 0.100 𝑔 + 0.003125 𝑘𝑔 ·2 𝑚 𝑠
𝑅 (0.100 𝑚)

A ring pulley has a mass of 500 g, an inner radius of 5 cm and an outer radius of 10 cm. What is its moment of inertia
about an axis through its center?

1
𝐼 = 𝑀(𝑟 2 + 𝑅 2 )
2
1
𝐼 = (0.500 𝑘𝑔)((0.05 𝑚)2 + (0.10 𝑚)2 ) = 0.003125 𝑘𝑔 · 𝑚2
2
In the setting below, what is the resulting linear acceleration of the system?
3.27 m/s2

𝑚
∆𝑣 0 − 1.6 𝑠 𝑚 𝑚
𝑎= =( ) = 3.265306122 2 ≈ 3.27 2
∆𝑡 0 − 0.49 𝑠 𝑠 𝑠
In the setting below, what is the resulting linear acceleration of the system?
 𝑚
∆𝑣 0 − 1.5 𝑠 𝑚 𝑚
𝑎= =( ) = 2.803738138 2 ≈ 2.80 2
∆𝑡 0 − 0.535 𝑠 𝑠 𝑠
The figure shows the set up of E103 for a disk pulley. Suppose m = 0.100 kg, M = 0.500 kg, and R = 0.100 m, what is the
acceleration of the falling mass m?
 𝑚
∆𝑣 0 − 1.5 𝑠 𝑚 𝑚
𝑎= =( ) = 2.803738318 2 ≈ 2.80 2
∆𝑡 0 − 0.535 𝑠 𝑠 𝑠
𝑇 = 𝑚𝑔 − 𝑚𝑎 = 𝑚(𝑔 − 𝑎)
1
𝐼 = 𝑀𝑅 2
2
𝑎
𝛼=
𝑅
𝐼𝛼 = 𝑇𝑅
𝑀𝑅 2 𝑎
( ) = 𝑚(𝑔 − 𝑎)𝑅
2 𝑅
𝑀
𝑎 ( + 𝑚) = 𝑚𝑔
2
𝑚
𝑚𝑔 (0.100 𝑘𝑔) (9.8 𝑘𝑔 · 2 )
𝑎= = 𝑠 = 2.8 𝑚
𝑀 (0.500 𝑘𝑔) 𝑠2
2 +𝑚 2
+ 0.100 𝑘𝑔

Which of the following is not true about the moment of inertia of a particular rigid body?
The moment of inertia is constant
𝐼 = 𝑀𝑅 2
𝐼∝𝑀
𝜏=𝐼∝
𝐼 ∝ 𝑅2

The moment of inertia is directly proportional to its mass.

The moment of inertia is constant.
The greater the moment of inertia, the smaller the angular acceleration for a given applied torque.
The farther the concentration of mass from the axis, the greater the moment of inertia.

E104
In the figure, W2 = 100 g. What is the weight of the meterstick?
150 g

𝑥2 0.30 𝑚
𝑊1 = 𝑊2 ( ) = 100 𝑔 ( ) = 150 𝑔
𝑥1 0.20 𝑚
Two unequal masses m1 and m2 are suspended from different points on a meterstick in rotational equilibrium. Which of
the following equations is correct for MEASUREMENT 1?
30m1 = 45m2
𝑚1 𝐿1 = 𝑚2 𝐿2
30𝑚1 = 𝑚2 (95 𝑐𝑚 − 50 𝑐𝑚)
30𝑚1 = 45𝑚2
In the figure, a uniform rod of length L and weight W is in rotational equilibrium. It is supported by two forces, F1 at the
left end, and F2 at a certain distance x from the left end. If the magnitude of F2 is twice that of F1, what is the value of x
in terms of the length of the rod?
0.75 L
𝑊 = 𝐹1 + 𝐹2
𝐹1 = 2𝐹1
𝑊 = 𝐹1 + 2𝐹1 = 3𝐹1
𝜏𝑛𝑒𝑡 = 0
𝜏𝑊 + ̅̅̅̅
̅̅̅̅ 𝜏𝐹1 + ̅̅̅̅
𝜏𝐹2 = 0
𝐿
−𝐹1 𝐿 − 𝐹2 (𝐿 − 𝑥) + 𝑊 ( ) = 0
2
𝐿
−𝐹1 𝐿 − 2𝐹1 (𝐿 − 𝑥) + 3𝐹1 ( ) = 0
2
3𝐿
−𝐿 − 2𝐿 + 2𝑥 + =0
2
3𝐿 3𝐿
2𝑥 = 3𝐿 − =
2 2
3𝐿
𝑥= = 0.75 𝐿
4
In the figure, a uniform rod of length L and weight W is in rotational equilibrium. It is supported by two forces, F1 at the
left end, and F2 at a distance of 0.8L from the left end. What fraction of the weight is supported by F1?
3/8 W

𝜏 = 𝐹𝑅
𝜏 = 𝐹1 (0.8 𝐿)
1
𝜏𝑤 = 𝑊 (0.8 𝐿 − 𝐿)
2
𝜏𝑤 = 𝜏1
𝐹1 (0.8 𝐿) = 𝑊(0.3 𝐿)
8𝐹1 = 3𝑊
3
𝐹1 = 𝑊
8
The weights W1 and W2 in the figure are in rotational equilibrium. Which of the following statements cannot be true?
If W1 > W2, then L1 > L2
 𝑊1 𝐿1 = 𝑊2 𝐿2
𝐿2 𝑊2
=
𝐿1 𝑊1
𝐼𝑓 𝑊1 = 𝑊2
Condition If W1 =W2, then L1 = L2
𝑊2
=1
𝑊1
𝐿2
=1
𝐿1
𝐿1 = 𝐿2
Condition If W1 > W2, then L2 > L1
𝑊1
>1
𝑊2
𝐿2
>1
𝐿1
𝐿2 > 𝐿1
What will happen to an object if the total torque acting on it is not zero?
It will rotate with constant angular acceleration

Its moment of inertia will decrease.

Its moment of inertia will increase.
It will rotate with constant angular velocity.
It will rotate with constant angular acceleration.

Which of the following is NOT true?

If the sum of all forces acting on a body is equal to zero, then it is both in linear and rotational equilibrium.
If the sum of all forces acting on a body is equal to zero, then the body must be linearly not moving, but it can still have a
rotational acceleration if the net torque on the body is non-zero.

A net torque will cause a body to increase its angular velocity but not its moment of inertia.
If the line of action of a force passes through the pivot point, the body will have no angular acceleration.
If the sum of all forces acting on a body is equal to zero, then it is both in linear and rotational equilibrium.
The torque acting on a body is equal to the applied force times the perpendicular distance of the force from the pivot
point.

Two unequal masses m1 and m2 are suspended from different points on a meterstick in rotational equilibrium.
Which of the following values of m1 and m2 are correct?
m1 = 75 kg and m2 = 50 kg
MEASUREMENT 1
 𝑚1 𝑔𝑟1 = 𝑚2 𝑔𝑟2
𝑟1 = 50 − 20 = 30 𝑐𝑚; 𝑟2 = 80 − 50 = 30 𝑐𝑚
𝑚1 45
= = 1.5
𝑚2 30
MEASUREMENT 2
𝑚1 𝑔𝑟1 = 𝑚2 𝑔𝑟2
𝑟1 = 50 − 30 = 20 𝑐𝑚; 𝑟2 = 80 − 50 = 30 𝑐𝑚
𝑚1 30
= = 1.5
𝑚2 20

A rod of length L is pivoted about its left end and has a force F applied perpendicular to the other end. The force F is now
removed and another force F' is applied at the midpoint of the rod. If F' is at an angle of 30o with respect to the rod, what
is its magnitude if the resulting torque is the same as when F was applied?
4F
https://quizlet.com/81519696/ch-8-physics-quiz-flash-cards/
𝜏 = 𝐹𝑟𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
𝐹=𝐹
𝑟=𝑟
𝜃 = 90°
𝐹 ′ = 𝐹′
𝑟
𝑟′ =
2
𝜃 = 30°
𝐹𝑟𝑠𝑖𝑛90° = 𝐹 ′ 𝑟 ′ 𝑠𝑖𝑛30
 𝑟
𝐹 ′ = ( ) 𝑠𝑖𝑛30°
2
𝑟
𝐹𝑟 = 𝐹 ′
4
𝐹 ′ = 4𝐹
3F
F
2F
4F

In the figure W1 = 60 g. If the system is in rotational equilibrium, what is the value of W2?
90 g

30𝑊1 = 20𝑊2
30𝑊1
𝑊2 =
20
30(60 𝑔)
𝑊2 = = 90 𝑔
20
In the figure P2 = 120 g and W1=50g. If L1 = 25 cm and L2 = 35 cm, what is P1?
118 g
(𝑊1 + 𝑃1 )𝑔𝐿1 = 𝑃2 𝑔𝐿2
𝑚 𝑚
(50 𝑔 + 𝑃1 ) (9.8 𝑘𝑔 · 2 ) (25 𝑐𝑚) = (120 𝑔) (9.8 𝑘𝑔 · 2 ) (35 𝑐𝑚)
𝑠 𝑠
𝑠ℎ𝑖𝑓𝑡 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒
In applying the second condition of equilibrium, at what point must you place the axis of rotation or pivot point?
At any point you like.

At the geometric center of the body.

At one end of the body.
At the center of gravity of the body.
At any point you like.

If the line of action of force passes through the axis of rotation (the chosen pivot point), the torque produced is:
Zero
Two unequal masses m1 and m2 are suspended from different points on a meterstick in rotational equilibrium. Which of
the following equations is correct for MEASUREMENT 2?

20𝑚1 = 30𝑚2
E106

How much heat must be removed from 100 g of water at 20oC to convert it to ice at -20oC?
(Lf = 79.8 kcal/kg, cice = 0.50 kcal/kgCo and cw = 1.00 kcal/kgCo)
10 980
𝑄 = 𝑚𝑖𝑐𝑒 𝑐𝑖𝑐𝑒 ∆𝑇 + 𝑚𝑖𝑐𝑒 𝐿𝑓 + 𝑚𝑤 𝑐𝑤 ∆𝑇
𝑄 = 𝑐𝑖𝑐𝑒 ∆𝑇 + 𝐿𝑓 + 𝑐𝑤 ∆𝑇
𝑘𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑘𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑘𝑐𝑎𝑙
𝑄 = (0.50 ) (20°𝐶 − 0°𝐶) + (79.8 ) + (1.00 ) (0°𝐶 − −20°𝐶) = 109.8 𝑘𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑜𝑟 10980 𝑐𝑎𝑙
𝑘𝑔𝐶° 𝑘𝑔 𝑘𝑔𝐶°

10 980 cal

8 980 cal

11 980 cal

None of the choices is correct.

9 980 cal

Which of the following best describes a substance that absorbs heat but its temperature remains the same?
https://web.pa.msu.edu/people/pratts/phy231/exams/extraproblems/Ch11.pdf

The substance is undergoing phase change/ substance undergoing a change of state

The substance is undergoing phase change.

The substance must be a liquid.

The substance must be a solid.

The substance is undergoing thermal expansion.

The substance is undergoing composition change.

How many liters of boiling water (100oC) should you add to 10 L of ice-cold water (0oC) to obtain water at a temperature
of 30oC? Neglect the heat capacity of the container. The density of water is 1 kg/L and cwater = 1.00 cal/g·ºC.
4.3 L
𝑚𝑏𝑤 𝐶𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 ∆𝑇 = 𝑚𝑖𝑐𝑒 𝐶𝑖𝑐𝑒 ∆𝑇
𝑚𝑏𝑤 ∆𝑇 = 𝑚𝑖𝑐𝑒 ∆𝑇
𝑚𝑏𝑤 (100°𝐶 − 30°𝐶) = 𝑚𝑖𝑐𝑒 (30°𝐶 − 0°𝐶)
1 𝑘𝑔
10 𝐿 = = 10 𝑘𝑔
𝐿
𝑚𝑏𝑤 (100°𝐶 − 30°𝐶) = (10 𝑘𝑔)(30°𝐶 − 0°𝐶)
(10 𝑘𝑔)(30°𝐶 − 0°𝐶)
𝑚𝑏𝑤 = = 4.285714286 ≈ 4.3 𝑘𝑔 𝑜𝑟 4.3 𝐿
(100°𝐶 − 30°𝐶)
3.6 L

2.4 L

4.0 L

3.0 L

4.3 L

Which of the following requires a greater amount of heat?

Heating 10 g of water from 20oC to 100oC .
𝑚 = 10 𝑔
 𝐽
𝐶𝑤 = 4.185
𝑔𝐶°
𝑄 = 𝑚𝑐∆𝑇
𝐽
𝑄 = 10𝑔 (4.185 ) (100°𝐶 − 20°) = 3348 𝐽
𝑔𝐶°

Heating 75 g of ice from -20oC to 0oC .

𝑄 = 3135 𝐽
Heating 10 g of water from 20oC to 100oC .
𝑄 = 3348 𝐽
Heating 20 g of aluminum from 20oC to 200oC .
𝑄 = 3247 𝐽
Heating 25 g of copper from 20oC to 300oC
𝑄 = 2660 𝐽

Find the final equilibrium temperature when 10.0 g of milk at 10.0oC is added to 160 g of coffee at 90.0oC. Assume the
specific heats of coffee and milk are the same as water and neglect the heat capacity of the container.

cwater = 1.00 cal/g·ºC

85.3°C
𝑚𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑘 𝑠∆𝑇1 = 𝑚𝑐𝑜𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑒 𝑠∆𝑇2
𝑚𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑘 𝑠(𝑇𝑓 − 𝑇𝑓 ) = 𝑚𝑐𝑜𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑒 𝑠(𝑇2𝑓 − 𝑇2𝑖 )
𝑚𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑘 𝑠(𝑇𝑓 ) + 𝑚𝑐𝑜𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑒 𝑠(𝑇𝑓 ) = 𝑚𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑘 𝑠(10°𝐶) + 𝑚𝑐𝑜𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑒 𝑠(90°𝐶)
𝑇𝑓 𝑠(𝑚𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑘 + 𝑚𝑐𝑜𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑒 ) = 𝑚𝑐𝑜𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑒 𝑠(90°𝐶) + 𝑚𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑘 𝑠(10°𝐶)
𝑚𝑐𝑜𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑒 𝑠(90°𝐶) + 𝑚𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑘 𝑠(10°𝐶)
𝑇𝑓 =
(𝑚𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑘 𝑠 + 𝑚𝑐𝑜𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑒 𝑠)
𝑚𝑐𝑜𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑒 (90°𝐶) + 𝑚𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑘 (10°𝐶)
𝑇𝑓 =
(𝑚𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑘 + 𝑚𝑐𝑜𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑒 )
160(90) + 10(10)
𝑇𝑓 = = 85.29411765 ≈ 85.3°𝐶
10 + 160

77.7oC

85.3oC

71.4oC

66.7oC

61.5oC

Heat flow occurs between two bodies in thermal contact when they differ in what property?
Temperature
https://study.com/academy/answer/heat-flow-occurs-between-two-bodies-in-thermal-contact-when-they-differ-in-what-
property-a-mass-b-specific-heat-c-density-d-temperature.html
mass

temperature

volume

density

specific heat

In the simulated E106, which of the following is the amount of heat gained by the water in the calorimeter?
612 cal
𝑄𝑔𝑎𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑑(𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟) = 𝑚𝑤 𝑐𝑤 ∆𝑇
𝑐𝑎𝑙
𝑄𝑔𝑎𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑑(𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟) = 102 𝑔 (1.000 ) (31°𝐶 − 25°𝐶) = 612 𝑐𝑎𝑙
𝑔𝐶°

774 cal

1362 cal

300 cal

612 cal

In the simulated E106, which of the following is the amount of heat lost by the metal specimen when dropped in the
calorimeter with water? The specific heat of the calorimeter is 0.22 cal/gCo
777 cal
Trial 2
𝑄𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑡(𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑙) = 𝑚𝑚 𝐶𝑚 ∆𝑇𝑚
𝑐𝑎𝑙
𝑄𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑡(𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑙) = (51.0 𝑔) (0.2202 ) (100.0°𝐶 − 31.0°𝐶) = 774.8838 𝑜𝑟 775 𝑐𝑎𝑙
𝑔𝐶°

165 cal

612 cal

777 cal

224 cal

Twenty grams of a solid at 70oC is placed in 100 grams of a liquid at 20oC. Thermal equilibrium is reached at 30oC. The
specific heat of the solid:
https://web.pa.msu.edu/people/pratts/phy231/exams/extraproblems/Ch11.pdf
is greater than that of the liquid/is more than that of the fluid

is greater than that of the liquid.

None of the choices is correct.

is equal to that of the liquid.

cannot be determined because the materials have different phases.

is less than that of the liquid.

In the simulated E106, which of the following is the amount of heat gained by the calorimeter? The specific heat of the
calorimeter is 0.22 cal/gCo.
165 cal
Trial 2

𝑄𝑔𝑎𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑑(𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟) = 𝑚𝑐 𝑐𝑐 ∆𝑇𝑐
𝑐𝑎𝑙
𝑄𝑔𝑎𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑑(𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟) = (125 𝑔) (0.22 ) (31.0°𝐶 − 25.0°𝐶) = 165 𝑐𝑎𝑙
𝑔𝐶°

224 cal

147 cal

165 cal

612 cal

In the simulated E106, what is the specific heat of the metal specimen?
0.22 cal/gCo

0.24 cal/gCo
0.26 cal/gCo
0.22 cal/gCo
0.20 cal/gCo

As I use sandpaper on some rusty metal, the sandpaper gets hot because:
https://web.pa.msu.edu/people/pratts/phy231/exams/extraproblems/Ch11.pdf
frictional processes increase the internal energy of the sandpaper/ friction is creating the heat

heat is flowing from my hand into the sandpaper.

frictional processes increase the internal energy of the sandpaper.
heat is flowing from the sandpaper into the metal. heat is flowing
from the metal into the sandpaper.

Which of the following best defines heat?

It is the energy flowing from one body to another due to their diffrerences in temperature.
https://openei.org/wiki/Definition:Heat

It is the energy flowing from one body to another due to their diffrerences in temperature.

It is the average kinetic energy of molecules in a body.

It is the energy flowing from one body to another due to their diffrerences in mass.

It refers to the total kinetic energy of molecules in a body.

When two bodies of different temperatures and masses are put in contact,
the hotter body cools down and the colder body heats up until they reach the same temperature.

the hotter body heats up and the colder body cools down until they reach the same temperature.

the hotter body cools down and the colder body heats up until they reach the same temperature.

the more massive body cools down and the less massive body heats up until they reach the same temperature.

the less massive body cools down and the more massive body heats up until they reach the same temperature.

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

The amount of heat needed to increase the temperature of a substance depends on the heat of fusion of the substance.

The amount of heat needed to increase the temperature of a substance depends on the kind of material.

The amount of heat needed to increase the temperature of a substance depends on the increase in temperature.

The amount of heat needed to increase the temperature of a substance depends on the mass of the substance.

All the statements are true.

The amount of heat needed to increase the temperature of a substance depends on the heat of fusion of the substance.

E107
When 100 g of ice at 0oC is added to 100 g of water at 20oC, how many grams of ice will melt? Lf of ice = 79.71 cal/g
25 g
𝑄 = 𝑚𝑖𝑐𝑒 𝑐∆𝑇 = 𝑚𝐿𝑓
𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑐𝑎𝑙
100 𝑔 (1.00 ) (20°𝐶 − 0°𝐶) = 𝑚𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 (79.71 ) (1.00 )
𝑔𝐶° 𝑔 𝑔𝐶°
𝑚𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 = 25.09095471 ≈ 25.0 𝑔
25 g

100 g

50 g

75 g

The table below is from E107 simulated experiment. From the data, what is the experimental value of the heat of fusion
of ice?
79.13 cal/g

𝑚𝑐 𝑐𝑐 (𝑡𝑚𝑖𝑥 − 𝑡𝑜𝑐 ) + 𝑚𝑤 𝑐𝑤 (𝑡𝑚𝑖𝑥 − 𝑡𝑜𝑤 ) + 𝑚𝑖 𝑐𝑤 (𝑡𝑚𝑖𝑥 − 0)

𝐿𝑓 =
(𝑚𝑚𝑖𝑥 − 𝑚𝑐+𝑤 )
𝐿𝑓
𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑐𝑎𝑙
(125 𝑔) (0.2174 (29.5°𝐶 − 50°𝐶) + (100 𝑔) (1.00 (29.5°𝐶 − 50°𝐶) + (24 𝑔) (1.00 (29.5°𝐶 − 0°𝐶)
𝑔𝐶 ) 𝑔𝐶 ) 𝑔𝐶 )
=
(249 𝑔 − (125 𝑔 + 100 𝑔))

𝑐𝑎𝑙
𝐿𝑓 = −79.12864583 ≈ −79.13
𝑔
79.71 cal/g
79.13 cal/g

79.8 cal/g

79.31 cal/g

When two objects are in thermal equilibrium,

they are at the same temperature

they are at the same temperature.

they contain the same amount of heat.

they contain the same amount of thermal energy.

they are melting.

The table below is from E107 simulated experiment. From the data, how much heat is used to completely melt ice?
1899 cal
𝑄𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑡 = 𝑄𝑔𝑎𝑖𝑛
𝑄𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑡 = (𝑚𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑐𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 + 𝑚𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑐𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟 )(∆𝑇)
𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑐𝑎𝑙
𝑄𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑡 = ((100 𝑔) (1.00 ) + (125 𝑔) (0.2174 )) (50°𝐶 − 29.5°𝐶) = 2607.0875 𝑐𝑎𝑙
𝑔𝐶° 𝑔𝐶°
𝑄𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑡 = 𝑄𝑚𝑒𝑙𝑡 + 𝑚𝐶(29.5°𝐶 − 0°𝐶)
𝑐𝑎𝑙
2607.0875 𝑐𝑎𝑙 = 𝑄𝑚𝑒𝑙𝑡 + (24 𝑔) (1.00 ) (29.5°𝐶)
𝑔𝐶
𝑄𝑚𝑒𝑙𝑡 = 1899.0875 ≈ 1899 𝑐𝑎𝑙
708 cal
1899 cal
2050 cal
2607 cal

The table below shows the melting point, specific heat, and heat of fusion of different solids. Suppose the same mass of
these solids are at their respective melting point temperatures, which solid requires most amount of heat to melt?
ice

gold
lead
ice
silver

Which of the following is required for a solid to melt?

A. It must be at its melting point temperature.

B. It must absorb heat.

C. Its specific heat must be less than 1.00 cal/gCo.
Only A and B are required

Only A and B are required.

Only C is required.

Only A is required.

A, B, and C are required.

When liquid freezes

It releases heat
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/cheminter/chapter/heats-of-fusion-and-solidification/

it releases heat.
it absorbs heat.
its temperature decreases.
its temperature increases.

When 100 g of ice at 0oC is added to 100 g of water at 20oC, what is the equilibrium temperature if the system is
isolated? Lf of ice = 79.71 cal/g
-29.86oC
𝑚𝑤 𝑐𝑤 (𝑇𝑓 − 𝑇𝑖 ) = 𝑚𝑖 𝐿𝑓 + + 𝑚𝑖 𝑐𝑖 (𝑇𝑓 − 𝑇𝑖 )
𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑐𝑎𝑙
100 𝑔 (1.00 ) (20°𝐶 − 𝑇𝑖 ) = 100 𝑔 (79.71 ) + 100 𝑔 (1.00 ) (𝑇𝑓 − 0°𝐶)
𝑔𝐶° 𝑔 𝑔𝐶°
𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑐𝑎𝑙
100 𝑔 (1.00 ) (20°𝐶 − 𝑇) = 100 𝑔 (79.71 ) + 100 𝑔 (1.00 ) (𝑇 − 0°𝐶)
𝑔𝐶° 𝑔 𝑔𝐶°
2000 𝑐𝑎𝑙 − 100 𝑐𝑎𝑙 (𝑇) = 7971 𝑐𝑎𝑙 + 100 𝑐𝑎𝑙(𝑇) − 0
−100 𝑐𝑎𝑙 (𝑇) = 7971 𝑐𝑎𝑙 − 2000 𝑐𝑎𝑙 + 100 𝑐𝑎𝑙 (𝑇)
−100 𝑐𝑎𝑙 (𝑇) = 5971 𝑐𝑎𝑙 + 100 𝑐𝑎𝑙(𝑇)
−100 𝑐𝑎𝑙 (𝑇) − 100 𝑐𝑎𝑙 (𝑇) = 5971 𝑐𝑎𝑙
−200 𝑐𝑎𝑙 (𝑇) = 5971 𝑐𝑎𝑙
5971 𝑐𝑎𝑙
𝑇= = −29.855°𝐶 ≈ −29.86°𝐶
−200 𝑐𝑎𝑙
0oC

-29.86oC

the equilibrium temperature cannot be determined.

-59.71oC

Iced tea is made by adding ice to 500 g of hot tea (mostly water), initially at 80oC. How many grams of ice, initially at
0oC, are required to bring the mixture to 10oC? (Lf = 79.71 cal/g and cw = 1.00 cal/gCo)
390 g

𝑚𝑖𝑐𝑒 𝑐𝑖𝑐𝑒 ∆𝑇 = 𝑚𝑡𝑒𝑎 𝐿 + 𝑚𝑡𝑒𝑎 𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑎 ∆𝑇

1 𝑘𝑔 𝐽
𝑚𝑡𝑒𝑎 𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑎 ∆𝑇 (500 𝑔 × 1 × 103 𝑔 ) (4186 𝑘𝑔°𝐶 ) (80°𝐶 − 10°𝐶)
𝑚𝑖𝑐𝑒 = = = 390.8392467 𝑘𝑔
𝐿 + 𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑎 ∆𝑇 𝐽 𝐽
(3.33 𝑥 105 ) + (4186 ) (10°𝐶 − 0°𝐶)
𝑘𝑔 𝑘𝑔°𝐶
325 g

250 g

275 g

390 g

445 g

Which of the following happens when you hold a piece of ice at 0oC in your hand?
You feel cold because your hand loses heat to melt the ice
https://kidsdiscover.com/teacherresources/science-of-ice/

All of the other choices are possible depending on the mass of ice.

You feel cold because your hand absorbs cold from the ice.

You feel cold because your hand loses heat to melt the ice.

The ice melts because it releases heat to your hand.

How much heat must be removed from 100 g of water at 20oC to convert it to ice at -20oC?

(Lf = 79.71 kcal/kg, cice = 0.50 kcal/kgCo and cw = 1.00 kcal/kgCo)

10 971 cal
𝑄 = 𝑚𝑖𝑐𝑒 𝑐𝑖𝑐𝑒 ∆𝑇 + 𝑚𝑖𝑐𝑒 𝐿𝑓 + 𝑚𝑤 𝑐𝑤 ∆𝑇
𝑄 = 𝑐𝑖𝑐𝑒 ∆𝑇 + 𝐿𝑓 + 𝑐𝑤 ∆𝑇
𝑘𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑘𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑘𝑐𝑎𝑙
𝑄 = (0.50 ) (20°𝐶 − 0°𝐶) + (79.71 ) + (1.00 ) (0°𝐶 − −20°𝐶) = 109.71 𝑘𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑜𝑟 10971 𝑐𝑎𝑙
𝑘𝑔𝐶° 𝑘𝑔 𝑘𝑔𝐶°
10 971 cal

8 971 cal

11 971 cal

9 971 cal

A big block of ice at 0oC slides across a concrete floor where friction force does 10, 000 J of work on it. About how
many grams of ice melts? Lf of ice = 79.71 cal/g
30 g
𝑊 = 𝑚𝐿𝑓
𝑐𝑎𝑙
10,000 𝐽 = 𝑚 (79.71 )
𝑔
𝐽
10,000 𝐽 = 𝑚 (333.51 )
𝑔
𝑚 = 29.98410842 𝑔 ≈ 30.0 𝑔

40 g

50 g

30 g

20 g

The table below is from E107 simulated experiment. From the data, how much heat is lost by the calorimeter?
557 cal
𝑄 = 𝑚𝑐∆𝑇
𝑐𝑎𝑙
𝑄 = 125 𝑔 (0.2174 ) (50°𝐶 − 29.5°𝐶) = 557.0875 ≈ 557 𝑐𝑎𝑙
𝑔𝐶
708 cal

2050 cal

2607 cal

557 cal

The table below is from E107 simulated experiment. From the data, how much heat is lost by water in the calorimeter?
2050 cal
𝑄 = 𝑚𝑐∆𝑇

𝑐𝑎𝑙
𝑄 = (100 𝑔) (1.000 ) (50°𝐶 − 29.5°𝐶) = 2050 𝑐𝑎𝑙
𝑔𝐶°
557 cal

2607 cal

708 cal

2050 cal

A 50-g cube of ice, initially at 0oC, is dropped into 200 g of water at 30oC. What is the final equilibrium temperature of
the system? Neglect the heat capacity of the container. (Lf = 79.71 cal/g and cw = 1.00 cal/gCo)
8.06 oC
𝑚𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑠𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 ∆𝑇 = 𝑚𝑖𝑐𝑒 𝐿𝑓 + 𝑚𝑖𝑐𝑒 𝑠𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 ∆𝑇
𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑐𝑎𝑙
200 𝑔 (1.00 ) (30°𝐶 − 𝑇) = (50 𝑔) (79.71 ) + 50 𝑔 (1.00 )𝑇
𝑔𝐶° 𝑔 𝑔𝐶°
𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑐𝑎𝑙
6000 𝑐𝑎𝑙 − 200 (𝑇) = 3985.5 𝑐𝑎𝑙 + 50 (𝑇)
𝐶° 𝐶°
250𝑇 = 2014.5
𝑇 = 8.06°𝐶

9.06 oC
8.06oC

11.06 oC

10.06 oC