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    Activity No. 6 Refraction of Light

    Uploaded by

    Gwendolyn Calatrava
    This document describes an experiment on refraction of light. Students will measure how a beam of light bends as it passes from air into a glass slab and vice versa. They will use a protractor to vary the angle of incidence and measure the resulting angle of refraction. By collecting semi-chord measurements for each angle pair, students can use linear regression to calculate the glass's index of refraction based on Snell's law relationship between incidence and refraction angles. The experiment aims to demonstrate how light speed changes cause bending at the interface between different optical media.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Activity No. 6 Refraction of Light

    Uploaded by

    Gwendolyn Calatrava
    55 views3 pages
    This document describes an experiment on refraction of light. Students will measure how a beam of light bends as it passes from air into a glass slab and vice versa. They will use a protractor to vary the angle of incidence and measure the resulting angle of refraction. By collecting semi-chord measurements for each angle pair, students can use linear regression to calculate the glass's index of refraction based on Snell's law relationship between incidence and refraction angles. The experiment aims to demonstrate how light speed changes cause bending at the interface between different optical media.

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    This document describes an experiment on refraction of light. Students will measure how a beam of light bends as it passes from air into a glass slab and vice versa. They will use a protractor to vary the angle of incidence and measure the resulting angle of refraction. By collecting semi-chord measurements for each angle pair, students can use linear regression to calculate the glass's index of refraction based on Snell's law relationship between incidence and refraction angles. The experiment aims to demonstrate how light speed changes cause bending at the interface between different optical media.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    55 views3 pages

    Activity No. 6 Refraction of Light

    Uploaded by

    Gwendolyn Calatrava
    This document describes an experiment on refraction of light. Students will measure how a beam of light bends as it passes from air into a glass slab and vice versa. They will use a protractor to vary the angle of incidence and measure the resulting angle of refraction. By collecting semi-chord measurements for each angle pair, students can use linear regression to calculate the glass's index of refraction based on Snell's law relationship between incidence and refraction angles. The experiment aims to demonstrate how light speed changes cause bending at the interface between different optical media.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    Activity 10: Refraction of Light

    Date Performed SCORE /20

    Activity No.10
    REFRACTION OF LIGHT

    INTRODUCTION

    Consider a ray of light passing obliquely from medium A into medium B. If the speed of
    light in medium A is greater than in medium B, the refracted ray is bent towards the normal line
    of the surface of separation, as shown in Figure 10.1. If the light speed is less in medium A than
    in medium B, the refracted ray is bent away from the normal.

    Figure 10.1

    A constant n of a medium is defined by the ratio

    speed of light in vacuum c


    n= =
    speed of light in the medium v

    n is simply called the index of refraction of the medium. Since the speed of light in air and in
    vacuum are practically equal, the refractive index of a substance relative to air is practically
    equal to that relative to vacuum.

    The relationship between the angle of incidence and the angle of refraction is given by
    the Snell’s Law
    nA sin i = nB sin r

    Where nA is the index of refraction of incident medium A, 𝜃𝑖 is the angle of incidence with
    respect to the normal, nB is the index of refraction of medium B, and 𝜃𝑟 is the angle of
    refraction.

    OBJECTIVE
    To study the bending of light as it enters from air into another medium and vice versa.

    APPARATUS
    Protractor, transparent glass, ruler, pin
    Activity 10: Refraction of Light

    PROCEDURE

    1. Using a pencil, draw a vertical line near the edge of the thinner and transparent side of
    transparent glass.

    2. At the upper left of the concentric circles found in page 30, make lines at 10o, 20o, 30o, and
    40ofrom the vertical axis.

    3. Lay down the glass at the lower right of the concentric circles found in page 30 with the
    vertical line at point P (the center) and one side of the transparent glass in line with the
    horizontal axis of the figure.

    4. Stick the pin on the first circle at the upper left of the figure with angle of incidence  i = 10o.
    Be sure the pin is vertical. The line from the pin to point P is considered the incident ray.

    4. Look at the pin through the glass and adjust your sight until the pin and the vertical mark on
    the glass are in line. Mark this point of sight with pencil and label it as R1.(Note: This mark
    should be at the glass-air interface.)

    5. Repeat Step 4 for pin at the second circle with 20o angle of incidence, for pin at the third
    circle with 30o angle of incidence and for pin at the fourth circle with 40o angle of incidence and
    then label the corresponding points of sight as R2 , R3 , R4 , R5 .

    6. Draw a line from the center P to R1 and label this asPR1.

    7. Repeat Step 6 for the other points of sight and label these lines as PR1, PR2, PR3, PR4 and PR5
    respectively. These are the refracted rays.

    8. Draw two semi-chords for each concentric circle, one for the incident ray and the other for
    the refracted ray. For each incident ray, the semi-chord is the shortest distance from the object
    location (pin) to the vertical diameter. Measure these semi-chords and record the values as 𝑆𝐶𝑖
    in Table 10.1. For each refracted ray, the semi-chord is the shortest distance from the
    intersection of the refracted ray and the concentric circle where its corresponding object was
    placed to the vertical diameter. Measure these semi-chords and record the values as 𝑆𝐶𝑟 .

    9. Fill up the Table 10.1 below. (10 points)

    Table 10.1
    i 𝑥 = 𝑆𝐶𝑟 𝑦 = 𝑆𝐶𝑖 xi yi xi2
    100
    200
    300
    400
    4 4 4 4

    ∑ 𝑦𝑖 = ∑ 𝑥𝑖 = ∑ 𝑥𝑖 𝑦𝑖 = ∑ 𝑥2𝑖 =
    𝑖=1 𝑖=1 𝑖=1 𝑖=1

    (Score: /10)
    Activity 10: Refraction of Light

    Using linear regression, solve for the slope m. This slope is the index of refraction n of the
    transparent glass. (2 pts)

    QUESTIONS

    1. What is the relationship between the angle of incidence and angle of refraction? (2 pts)

    2.Is the path of the light through the glass the same when its direction is reversed? Investigate
    with your apparatus. (2 pts)

    Figure 10.2

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