Indian Standard: Specification For Density Hydrometers

Free Standard provided by BIS via BSB Edge Private Limited to Sushil Rajak - Anjugramam.
Kanyakumari(sushil_rajak2007@yahoo.com) 180.188.243.121 [for non-commercial use only].
(Reaffirmed 2014)
IS : 3104 ( Part 1) - 1982

( Reraffirmed 2008 )
Indian Standard (Reaffirmed 2013)

(Reaffirmed 2018)
SPECIFICATION FOR
DENSITY HYDROMETERS(Reaffirmed 2012)
PART I REQUIREMENTS

( First Revision ) (Reaffirmed 2011)
First Reprint MARCH 1994
(Reaffirmed 2010)

UDC 531.756.3
(Reaffirmed 2009)
(Reaffirmed 2008)
(Reaffirmed 2007)
(Reaffirmed 2006)
© Copyright 1982
BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS
(Reaffirmed 2005)
MANAK BHAVAN. 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG
NEW DELHI 110002

Gr 5 April 1982
IS : 3104 ( Part I ) - 1982
Indian Standard
SPECIFICATION FOR
DENSITY HYDROMETERS
PART I REQUIREMENTS
( First Revision )
Laboratoryware and Related Apparatus Sectional Committee, CDC 33

Chairman Representing
D R M . SANKAR D A S Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay,
Bombay
Members
S H R I S . V. GULAVANE ( Alternate to
Dr M. Sankar Das )
SHRI K. K. S. AGARWAL Development Commissioner, Small Scale
Industries, New Delhi
D R C . S . BAJWA Defence Science Laboratory Ministry of Defence,
Delhi
D R N . K . BANERJEE Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New
Delhi
DR K. S. R A M ( Alternate )
S H R I N . G . BASAK Directorate General of Techanical Development
S H R I I. K. K A P O O R ( Alternate )
S H R I P. K. BHATTACHARYYA National Council of Educational Research &
Training, New Delhi
COL M . CHAKRABORTY Director-General Armed Forces Medical Services,
Ministry of Defence, New Delhi
S H R I VEDA PRAKASH GUPTA Hicks Thermometers ( India ) Ltd, Aligarh
S H R I S . C . K A P I L A ( Alternate )
SHRI J. C. MAKANI Ministry of Defence ( DGI )
S H R I G . S . S H U K L A ( Alternate )
DR J. R. MERCHANT Institute of Science, Bombay
SHRI MOHINDER NATH National Physical Laboratory (CSIR), New
Delhi
SHRI B. G. M A T H U R ( Alternate )
( Continued on page 2 )
© Copyright 1982
This publication is protected under the Indian Copyright Act ( X I V of 1957 ) and
reproduction in whole or in part by any means except with written permission of the
publisher shall be deemed to be an infringement, of copyright under the said Act.
IS : 3104 ( Part I ) - 1982
( Continued from page 1 )
Members Representing
DR S. K. MUKHERJEE Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New
Delhi
DR N. N. GOSWAMI ( Alternate )
SHRI P. R. R A O Borosil Glass Works Ltd, Bombay
S H R I A. K . B A N S A L ( Alternate )
SHRI H . N . RAVI Modern Instruments, Bangalore
S H R I H A R I N . MURTHY ( Alternate )
D R F . L . SALDHANA Haffkine Institute for Training, Research and
Testing, Bombay
S H R I A. B. C H U N O D K A R ( Alternate )
S H R I BHANU K . SAMPAT The Scientific Indian Glass Co Ltd, Calcutta
S H R I D . R . S E N ( Alternate )
S H R I S . K . SEHGAL Tarsons Products Ltd, Calcutta
SHRI J. C. SHANDILYA Top Syringe Manufacturing C o , Bombay
S H R I J. K. W A D ( Alternate )
DR B. C. SINHA Central Glass & Ceramic Research Institute
( C S I R ) , Calcutta
S H R I R. S E N ( Alternate )
S H R I G . P . SHIVASTAVA India Meteorological Department, New Delhi
S H R I S . G O P I N A T H ( Alternate )
DR H A R I B H A G W A N , Director General, ISI ( Ex-officio-Member )
Director ( Chem )
Secretary
SHRI ANJAN KAR
Deputy Director ( Chem ), ISI
Hydrometers Subcommittee, CDC 33 : 3

Convener
SHRI MOHINDER N A T H National Physical Laboratory (CSIR), New
Delhi
Members
SHRI S. GHOSH National Test House, Calcutta
SHRI D. R. GUPTA Central Revenue Control Laboratory, New Delhi
S H R I K E S H A V P R A S A D ( Alternate )
DR U. K. MISHRA Alcohol Technologist to Government of U. P . ,
Kanpur
SHRI SAMIUL HAQUE Directorate of Weights & Measures, New Delhi
S H R I R . SRINIVASAM ( Alternate )
S H R I K . K . SHARMA Daurala Sugar Works Ltd, D a u r a l a
S H R I N . N . M E H T A ( Alternate )
SHRI Y. D. SHARMA All India Instruments Manufacturers and Dealers
Association, Bombay
SHRI P R I T H I R A J ( Alternate )
2
IS : 3104 ( P a r t I ) - 1982
Indian Standard
SPECIFICATION FOR
DENSITY HYDROMETERS
PART I REQUIREMENTS
( First Revision )
0. FOREWORD
0.1 This Indian Standard ( Part I) ( First Revision ) was adopted by the
Indian Standards Institution on 28 January 1982, after the draft finalized
by the Laboratoryware and Related Apparatus Sectional Committee had
been approved by the Chemical Division Council.
0.2 This standard was first published in 1965. However, with the revision
of ISO 649-1968 'Laboratory glassware-Density hydrometers for general
Purposes' issued by the International Organization for Standardization
(ISO), the Committee responsible for the preparation of the standard
decided to revise it with a view to aligning it with the international
standard.
0.3 In this revision, the standard has been prepared in two parts. Part I
covers requirements of hydrometers and Part II covers methods of test
and use of these hydrometers.
0.4 Part I covers eight series of hydrometers comprising five main series
and three special sub-series. Each of the five main series comprises
hydrometers which cover the density interval 600 to 2 000 kg m3 or 0.6 to
2.0 g/ml ( see 11.1 ). These hydrometers are graduated to indicate density
at 20° C and are appropriate for use in liquids of low, medium and high
surface tension. The hydrometers of the three special sub-series are
graduated to indicate density at either 20 or 15°C, have smaller
tolerances, are limited to the range 600 to I 100 kg m3 or 0.6 to 1.1 g/ml
and are meant for use in liquids of low surface tension.
0.5 While preparing this standard, need was felt to have reference
temperature of 27°C. However, this has not been possible at present, as
calibration tables are not available for 27°C. Therefore, this standard
would be reviewed to change the reference temperature from 20 to 27°C
at an opportune time.
3
IS : 3104 ( P a r t I ) - 1982
0.6 In this standard, a table of standard categories of surface tension is

given in Appendix A; and a table of recommended stem diameters is
given in Appendix B for the guidance of manufacturers.
1. SCOPE
1.1 This standard ( Part I ) specifies requirements for glass hydrometers
having constant mass and graduated to indicate density ( kg/m 3 or g/ml )
at 20°C.
NOTE — Hydrometers of Special sub-series ( see 0.4 and 4.2 ) shall be graduated
to indicate density at either 20 or 15°C.
1.1.1 This standard does not cover hydrometers with built-in

thermometers.
2. TERMINOLOGY
2.0 For the purpose of this standard, the following definitions in
addition to those given in IS : 1382-1981*, shall apply.
2.1 Density — The mass in kilograms per cubic metre ( kg/m 3 ) or in
grams per millilitre ( or cubic centimetre ) ( g/ml or g/cm 3 ) of a liquid at
a specified temperature.
2.2 S t e m — The thin tubing containing the scale.
2.3 Bulb — The wider portion of the hydrometer containing the loading
material.
3. BASIS OF SCALE
3.1 The basis of the scale shall be density ( mass per unit volume ) in
kilograms per cubic metre ( kg/m 3 ). The use of grams per cubic centi-
metre ( g/cm 3 ), for which the symbol g/ml may be used, is accepted.
NOTE — T h e term millilitre (ml) is commonly used as special n a m e for cubic
centimetre (cm 2 ), in accordance with a decision of the twelfth Conference General
des Poids et Mesures. T h e term millilitre is acceptable, in general, for reference
to capacities of volumetric glassware and is used in the present text.
4. SERIES AND RANGES

4.1 Series — There shall be five main series of hydrometers, namely,
L20, L50, M50, M100 and S50.
4.1.1 There shall also be three special sub-series of hydrometers,
namely, L50SP, M50SP and S50SP.
*Glossary of terms relating to glass industry ( first revision ).
4
IS : 3104 ( Part I ) - 1982
4.2 Ranges — Each of the five main series of hydrometers shall cover a
total range of 600 to 2 000 kg/m 3 or 0.600 to 2.000 g/ml, each hydrometer
having a range of 20 kg/m3, 50 kg/m 3 or 100 kg/m 3 or 0.020 g/ml, 0.050
g/ml or 0.100 g/ml. The lower nominal limits of the scales of the L20
series hydrometers shall be 600, 620, 640, etc, or 0.600, 0.620, 0.640, etc.
Those of the L50, M50 and S50 series hydrometers shall be 600, 650, 700,
etc, or 0.600, 0.700, 0.800, etc, according to whether the scales are based
on kilograms per cubic metre or grams per millilitre.
4.2.1 Each of the three sub-series of hydrometers shall cover a total

range of 600 to 1 100 kg/m 3 or 0.600 to 1.100 g/ml, each hydrometer
having a range of 50 kg/m 3 or 0.60 g/ml. The lower nominal limits of
the scales of the L50SP, M50SP and S50SP shall be 600, 650, 700, etc, or
0.600, 0.650, 0.700, etc, according to whether the scales are based on
kilograms per cubic metre or grams per millilitre.
5. REFERENCE TEMPERATURE
5.1 The reference temperature for density hydrometers, excluding the
special sub-series L50SP, M50SP and S50SP, shall be 20°C. When used
in a liquid at this temperature, the hydrometer shall indicate the density
of the liquid at 20°C.
5.2 The reference temperature for density hydrometers of the special

bub-series L50SP, M50SP and S50SP shall be either 20°C or 15°C. When
used in a liquid at the appropriate temperature, the hydrometer shall
indicate the density of the liquid at that temperature.
6. SURFACE TENSION
6.0 General — The adjustment shall be related to the following specific
capillary conditions.
6.1 When the hydrometer is slightly displaced from its equilibrium
position in a liquid, the stem passes through the liquid surface without
causing any apparent alteration in the shape of the meniscus.
6.2 The hydrometer scale shall be adjusted either for a given liquid
having a given surface tension or for one of the standard categories of
surface tension given in Appendix A. Except where the highest precision
is required, one of the standard categories of surface tension given in
Appendix A shall be used.
6.2.1 For hydrometers of the highest precision, intended for use in
particular liquids, for example, alcohol solutions, the surface tension
5
IS : 3104 ( Part I ) - 1982
values appropriate to clean surfaces of these liquids and to the actual

indications of the hydrometer shall be used [see 14.1 (c)].
NOTE — The sub-series L50SP, M50SP are limited to the low surface tension
category.
7. REFERENCE LEVELS FOR ADJUSTMENT AND READING

7.1 The scale of the hydrometers shall be adjusted for readings, taken at
the level of the horizontal liquid surface.
N O T E — If a hydrometer having a scale, so adjusted, is used in an opaque
liquid, readings may be taken at the top of the meniscus where it appears to meet
the stem, but an appropriate correction to the level of the horizontal liquid surface
should then be made (see Part II of this standard). Alternatively, hydrometers
intended for use in opaque liquids may be adjusted for readings at the top of the
meniscus.
7.2 The middle of the thickness of a scale line shall be taken as its
definitive position.
8. IMMERSION
8.1 Hydrometers shall be graduated for use with the emergent stem dry,
except in the immediate vicinity of the meniscus.
9. MATERIALS
9.1 Bulb a n d S t e m — The bulb and the stem shall be made of a suitable
transparent glass, selected and processed to be as free as possible from
stress and visible defects, and having a coefficient of cubical thermal
expansion of (25 ± 2) × 10-6 (°C)-1.
9.2 Loading Material — The loading material shall be fixed in the
bottom of the hydrometer. After the finished hydrometer has been kept
in a horizontal position for 1 h at 80°C and subsequently cooled in that
position, the instrument shall meet the requirements of 10.3.
9.3 Scale Strip — The strip on which the scale and inscriptions are
marked shall have a smooth matt surface. The strip shall show no
evidence of charring, and shall not become discoloured or distorted when
the stem is exposed for 1 h to a temperature of 80°C.
N O T E — If a hydrometer is intended to be used at a temperature above 80°C,
the loading material and the strip bearing the scale shall meet the requirements
of 9.2 and 9.3 at a temperature slightly above the temperature of use.
10. WORKMANSHIP AND FINISH

10.1 The outer surface of the hydrometers shall be symmetrical about the
main axis.
6
IS : 3104 ( Part I ) - 1982
10.2 There shall be no abrupt changes in their cross section ( see Fig, 1 ).
NOTE — The tapered design shown in Fig. 1 is preferred, but any design which
does not permit air bubbles to be trapped is acceptable.
FIG. 1 PREFERRED DESIGN OF HYDROMETER BULB???
10.3 The cross-section of the stem shall remain unchanged for at least
5 mm below the lowest graduation line on ??? scale.
10.4 The stem shall extend unchanged in diameter at least 15 mm above
the uppermost graduation line on the scale.
10.5 T h e hydrometer shall float with its axis vertical to within 1.5° of
arc.
10.6 There shall be no loose material in the instrument.
7
IS : 3104 ( Part I ) - 1982
10.7 The strip on which the scale and inscriptions are marked shall
remain securely fastened in place at the temperature of use ( see 9.3 ).
10.8 The scale shall be straight and without twist.
10.9 Appropriate means shall be incorporated for ensuring that any

displacement of the scale or of the strip bearing the scale is readily
apparent.
N O T E . — Any displacement renders the instrument unsuitable for use.
11. PRINCIPAL DIMENSIONS

11.1 The dimensions of the hydrometers shall conform to the require-
ments given in Table 1.
11.2 Stem diameter of the hydrometers shall be not less than 40 mm.
N O T E — For convenience in manufacturte, it has been found advantageous to
comply with the recommended stem diameters given in Table 2.
12. SCALE
12.0 General — No hydrometer shall have more than one type of scale.
If a hydrometer has duplicate scales, the values indicated by them shall
not significantly differ, and both scales shall comply with the requirements
of 13.
12.1 Recommended scales for the hydrometers are illustrated in Fig. 2.
12.2 Graduation Lines

12.2.1 The graduation lines shall be distinct and of uniform thickness
not exceeding 0 2 mm or one-fifth of the distance between the centres of
adjacent lines, whichever is less. For the SP series, the thickness of the
graduation lines shall not exceed 0.2 mm or one-sixth of the distance
between the centres of adjacent lines, whichever is less.
12.2.2 There shall be no evident local irregularities in the spacing of
the graduation lines.
12.2.3 The graduation lines shall be perpendicular to the axis of the
hydrometer.
12.2.4 The short, medium and long scale lines shall extend, respectively,
at least one-fifth, one-third and one-half of the way round the
circumference of the stem.
12.2.5 The highest and lowest graduation lines indicating the nominal
limits of the scale shall be long lines ( see 12.3.1, 12.3.2 and 12.3.3 ).
8
TABLE 1 PRINCIPAL DIMENSIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR HYDROMETERS
(Clauses 11.1 and 12.5)
SERIES M A X I - NOMINAL N U M B E R OF SCALE DIVISIONS × MINIMUM B U L B D I A - V O L U M E BELOW E X T E N S I O N

MUM RANGE V A L U E O F T H E SCALE SCALE METER L O W E S T G R A D - OF SCALE
T O T A L OF EACH INTERNAL LENGTH UATION LINE AT EACH
LENGTH HYDRO- (NOMINAL OF NOMINAL AAND BEYOND
METER RANGE) RANGE U P P E R AND
LOWER
NOMINAL
LIMITS
Min Max Min Max
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (12) (12)
mm kg/m 3 g/ ml kg/m3 g/ml mm mm mm ml ml Graduation

9
Lines
L20 335 20 0.020 100 × 0.2 100 × 0.000 2 105 36 40 108 132 5 to 10
L50 335 50 0.050 100 × 0.5 100 × 0.000 5 125 23 27 50 65 2 to 5
M50 270 50 0.050 50 × 1 50 × 0.001 70 20 24 30 45 2 to 5
IS : 3104 ( Part I ) - 1982

M100 250 100 0.100 50 × 2 50 × 0.002 85 18 20 18 26 2 to 5
S50 190 50 0.050 25 × 2 25 × 0.002 50 18 20 18 26 2 or 3
Special
Sub-series*
L30SP 335 50 0.050 100 × 0.5 100 × 0.000 5 125 23 27 50 65 2 to 5
M50SP 270 50 0.050 50 × 1 50 × 0.001 70 20 24 30 45 2 to 5
S50SP 190 50 0.050 50 × 1 50 × 0.001 50 18 20 18* 26 2 or 3
*For the diameter of the stem to exceed 4 mm (as required by 11 2) these volumes, for hydrometers covering the
range 1 700 to 2 000 kg/m 3 or 1.7 to 2.0 g/ml, will be nearer the maximum value than the minimum value.
IS : 3104 ( Part I ) - 1982
TABLE 2 RECOMMENDED STEM DIAMETERS

( Clause 11.2 )
U P P E R LIMIT OF NOMINAL SERIES SERIES SERIES

RANGE L20, L50 AND M50, M100 S50
L50SP AND M50SP AND S50SP
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

3
kg/m g/ml mm mm mm
600 0.6 6.5 7.1 6.4
700 0.7 6.1 6.6 5.9
800 0.8 5.7 6.2 5.5
900 0.9 5.4 5.8 5.2
1 000 1.0 5.1 5.5 4.9
1 100 1.1 4.9 5.3 4.7
1 200 1.2 4.7 5.0 4.5
1 300 1.3 4.5 4.8 4.3
1 400 1.4 4.3 4.7 4.2
1 500 1.5 4.2 4.5 4.0
1 600 1.6 4.0 4.4 4.0
1 700 1.7 4.0 4.2 4.0
1 800 1.8 4.0 4.1 4.0
1 900 1.9 4.0 4.0 4.0
12.2.6 The short, medium and long lines shall each be vertically
disposed so that either the mid-points, or the right hand ends or the left
hand ends of all graduation lines He on an imaginary line parallel to the
axis of the instrument. In the latter two cases, the vertical line may,
alternatively, be marked.
12.3 Sequence of Graduation Lines

12.3.1 On hydrometer scales whose smallest interval is 1 kg/m 3 or
1 g/ml:
a) every tenth graduation line shall be a long line,

b) there shall be a medium line between two consecutive long lines,
and
c) there shall be four short lines between consecutive medium and
long lines.
10
IS : 3104 ( Part I ) - 1982
12.3.2 On hydrometer scales whose smallest interval is 2 kg/m 3 , or
2 g/ml:
a) every fifth graduation line shall be a long line, and
b) there shall be four short lines between two consecutive long
lines.
12.3.3 On hydrometer scales whose smallest interval is 5 kg/m 3
or 5 g/ml:
a) every tenth graduation line shall be a long line,
b) there shall be four medium lines between two consecutive long
line, and
c) there shall be one short line between two consecutive medium
lines and between consecutive medium and long lines.
FIG. 2 RECOMMENDED SCALES FOR TYPICAL HYDROMETERS — Contd
11
IS : 3104 ( Part I ) - 1982
FIG. 2 RECOMMENDED SCALES FOR T Y P I C A L HYDROMETERS
12.4 Figuring of Graduation Lines

12.4.0 General — The scale lines and inscriptions should preferably be
black and shall be clearly and durably marked.
12.4.1 The scale shall have only one set of numbers and the last digits
of the numbers shall be vertically aligned ( see Fig. 2 ).
12.4.2 The scale shall be so figured as to enable the value corres-
ponding to any graduation line to be readily identified.
12
IS : 3104 ( Part I ) - 1982
12.4.3 The highest and lowest graduation lines of the nominal limits
shall be figured in full.
12.4.4 At least every tenth line shall be figured.
12.4.5 For density values expressed in grams per cubic centimetres, the
decimal sign shall be included for numbers expressed in full, but may be
omitted from abbreviated numbers.
12.5 Extension of Scale — The scale shall be extended beyond the

nominal scale limits, as indicated in col 12 of Table 1.
13. ACCURACY
13.1 For the hydrometers the maximum instrument errors at any point on
the scale when determined in accordance with the method given in
Part II of this standard shall not exceed the values given in Table 3. It is
recommended that the hydrometers in the special sub-series be supplied
with certificates of correction, when required for reference purposes.
TABLE 3 MAXIMUM PERMITTED ERRORS

SERIES MAXIMUM PERMITTED ERROR AT ANY
P O I N T O N T H E SCALE
(1) (2) (3)

3
kg/m g/ml
L20 ± 0.2 ± 0.000 2
L50 ± 0.5 ± 0.000 5
M50 ± 1.0 ± 0.001
M100 ± 2.0 ± 0.002
S50 ± 2.0 ± 0.002
Special Sub-series
L50SP ± 0.3 ± 0.000 3
M50SP ± 0.5 ± 0.000 6
S50SP ± 1.0 ± 0.001 0
14. MARKING AND PACKING

14.1 Marking — The following inscriptions shall be permanently,
legibly and unequivocally marked within the hydrometer:
a) the basis of the scale, for example, 'kg/m 3' ;
13
IS : 3104 ( Part I ) - 1982
b) the standard reference temperature of the hydrometer, for

example, '20°C';
c)
i) either a particular surface tension expressed in millinewtons
per metre, for example, '55 mN/m'; or
ii) surface tension category as defined in Appendix A, for
example, Mow S.T.'; or
iii) if the instrument is adjusted for use in a particular liquid,
the name of that liquid;
d) whether the hydrometer is adjusted for reading at the top of the

meniscus, for example, 'for use in opaque liquids';
e) the maker's and/or vendor's name or his recognized trade-mark,
if any;
f) identification number of the instrument, the first two digits of
which may indicate the year of manufacture, for example,
'820001'; and
g) the series number, for example, 'L50'.
14.1.1 The hydrometers may also be marked with the Standard Mark.
14.1.2 The use of the Standard Mark is governed by the provisions of Bureau of
Indian Standards Act, 1986 and the Rules and Regulations made thereunder.
The details of conditions under which the licence for the use of Standard Mark
may be granted to manufacturers or producers may be obtained from the Bureau
of Indian Standards.
14.2 Packing — The hydrometers shall be suitably packed to provide

safety in storage and transportation, as agreed to between the purchaser
and the supplier.
15. SAMPLING AND TESTS
15.1 Samples to determine conformity of hydrometers to the requirements

of this specification shall be drawn and tested as prescribed in
Appendix B and Part II of this standard respectively.
14
IS : 3104 ( Part I ) - 1982
A P P E N D IX A
( Clause 6.2 )
STANDARD CATEGORIES OF SURFACE TENSION
FOR HYDROMETERS
A-0. GENERAL
A-0.1 The standard categories of surface tension given in Table 4 are
adopted for hydrometers for technical use, so as to provide a precise basis
for adjustment and verification and to permit the attainment of the
appropriate accuracy in measurements in the liquids indicated. The
adoption of these surface tension categories does not preclude the use of
other surface tensions as the basis of or for the adjustment of hydrometers,
provided such surface tensions are marked, in millinewtons per metre,
within the hydrometers or reference is made to the type of the liquid
(see 14.1.0).
A-0.2 If surfaces of aqueous solutions (except those of acetic acid and of

nitric acid of density greater than 1.3 g/ml) are specially cleaned, for
example, by overflow, then the surface tension is increased to approxi-
mately 75 mN/m.
APPENDIX B
( Clause 15.1 )
SAMPLING OF DENSITY HYDROMETERS
B-1. SCALE OF SAMPLING
B.1.1 Lot — All the hydrometers of same size, same series/sub-series and
same range, shall be grouped together to constitute a lot.
B-1.2 For ascertaining the conformity of the lot to the requirements of

the specification, samples shall be tested from each lot separately.
B-1.3 The number of samples to be taken from a lot shall depend on the
size of the lot and shall be according to Table 5.
B-1.3.1 The hydrometers in the sample shall be selected at random
from the lot. In order to ensure the randomness of selection, procedures
given in IS : 4905-1968* may be followed.
*Methods for random sampling.
15
TABLE 4 STANDARD CATEGORIES OF SURFACE TENSION
I S : 3104 ( Part I ) - 1982

( Clause 6.2 and Appendix A )
SURFACE TENSION EXAMPLES OF L I Q U I D S TO WHICH

CATEGORY DENSITY
mN/m The CATEGORY IS APPROPRIATE
(1) (2) (3) (4) (3) (6) (7) (8) (9)

kg/m3 g/ml
Low Increment kg/m3 0 20 40 60 80 O r g a n i c liquids g e n e r a l l y ( i n c l u d i n g

600 0.6 g/ml 0.00 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 ethers, petroleum distillates, coal
700 0.7 15 16 17 18 19 t a r d i s t i l l a t e s ) , a n d all t y p e s o f
800 0.8 20 21 22 23 24 oils
900 0.9 25 26 27 28 29
30 31 32 33 34
1 000 t o 1 300 100 to 130 35 A c e t i c acid solutions, t h e free surfaces

inclusive inclusive of which have not been specially
16
cleaned
Medium 600 t o 940 0.60 to 0 94 35 Aqueous solutions (including those of

inclusive inclusive ethyl and methyl alcohol, but
950 0.96 35 excluding acetic acid solutions), t h e
970 0.97 40 free surfaces of which h a v e not b e e n
960 0.98 45 specially c l e a n e d
990 0.99 50
1 000 t o 2 000 100 to 200 55 N i t r i c acid s o l u t i o n s of d e n s i t y g r e a t e r

inclusive inclusive t h a n 1 300 k g / m 3 or 1.3 g / m l ,
w h e t h e r t h e free surfaces of w h i c h
h a v e been specially cleaned or not
High 1 000 t o 2 000 100 to 200 75 A q u e o u s solutions, t h e surfaces of

inclusive inclusive which have been specially cleaned,
except:
(a) n i t r i c a c i d of d e n s i t y g r e a t e r
t h a n 1 300 k g / m 3 o r 1 . 3 g / m l ,
(b) a c e t i c a c i d s o l u t i o n s *
* A c e t i c a c i d s o l u t i o n s s h o w e x t r e m e v a r i a b i l i t y o f turface t e n s i o n .
IS : 3104 ( P a r t I ) - 1982
TABLE 5 SCALE OF SAMPLING
NO. OF HYDROMETERS SAMPLE SIZE

IN THE LOT
(1) (2)
Up to 25 10
26 „ 50 16
51 „ 100 26
101 and above 41
B-2. NUMBER OF TESTS A N D CRITERIA FOR CONFORMITY

B-2.1 A c c u r a c y — From the hydrometers selected in the sample
according to B-1.3.1, the number of hydrometers given in col 2 of
Table 5 shall be randomly selected and tested for accuracy. A
hydrometer not satisfying the requirements for accuracy shall be
considered as defective.
6-2.1.1 The lot shall be considered to have satisfied the requirements
for accuracy if the number of defectives found in the sample is less than
or equal to the corresponding acceptance number given in col 3 of
Table 6.
TABLE 6 NUMBER OF TESTS AND CRITERIA FOR CONFORMITY
NO. OF HYDRO- ACCURACY CHARACTERISTICS O T H E R THAN ACCURACY

METERS IN
THE L O T Sample Acceptance Sample Sample Cumula- Accept- Rejc-
Size Number No. Size tive ance tion
Sample Number
Size
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)
Up to 25 5 0 First 5 5 0 2
Second 5 10 1 2
26 to 50 8 0 First 8 8 0 2
Second 8 16 1 2
51 to 100 13 0 First 13 13 0 2
Second 13 26 1 2
101 and above 20 1 First 20 20 0 3
Second 20 40 3 4
17
IS : 3104 ( P a r t I ) - 1982
B-2.2 T h e lot having met the requirements for accuracy shall be tested
for other requirements of the specification. For this purpose, the
hydrometers tested for accuracy and found satisfactory according
to B-2.1 and the hydrometers remaining in the sample drawn according
to Table 5 shall be used. A hydrometer failing to satisfy any of these
requirements shall be considered as defective.
B-2.2.1 The lot shall be declared as conforming to these requirements

if the number of defectives found in the first sample is less than or equal
to the corresponding acceptance number given in col 7 of Table 6.
B-2.2.2 The lot shall be rejected without further testing if the number
of defectives found in the first sample is greater than or equal to the
corresponding rejection number given in col 8 of Table 6.
B-2.2.3 If, however, the number of defectives found in the first

sample lies between the corresponding acceptance and rejection numbers
given in col 7 and 8 of T a b l e 6, the number of hydrometers given in
col 5 of Table 6 against the second sample shall be taken and tested for
all these requirements. T h e lot shall be declared as conforming to these
requirements if the number of defectives found in the cumulative sample
is less than or equal to the corresponding acceptance number given in
col 7 of Table (3, otherwise not.
18
Headquarters:
Manak Bhavan, 9 Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, NEW DELHI 110002
Telephones : 331 01 31 Telegrams : Manaksanstha
331 13 75
(Common to all Offices)
Regional Offices : Telephone
Central : Manak Bhavan, 9, Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, 331 01 31
NEW DELHI 110002 331 13 75
* Eastern : 1 / 1 4 C.I.T. Scheme VII M, 37 86 62
V.I.P. Road, Maniktola, CALCUTTA 700054
Northern : SCO 445-446, Sector 35-C, CHANDIGARH 160036 53 16 40
Southern : C.I.T. Campus, IV Cross Road, MADRAS 600113 235 23 15
† Western : Manakalaya, E9 MIDC, Marol, Andheri (East), 632 92 95
BOMBAY 400093
Branch Offices :
'Pushpak', Nurmohamad Shaikh Marg, Khanpur, AHMADABAD 380001 2 63 48
‡ Peenya Industrial Area, 1st Stage, Bangalore-Tumkur Road, 39 49 55
BANGALORE 560058
Gangotri Complex, 5th Floor, Bhadbhada Road, T.T. Nagar, 55 40 21
BHOPAL 462003
Plot No. 2 1 , Satyanagar, BHUBANESHWAR 751007 40 36 27
Kalai Kathir Building, 6/48-A Avanasi Road, COIMBATORE 541037 21 01 41
Plot No 4 3 , Sector 16A, Mathura Road, FARIDABAD 121001 8-28 88 01
Savitri Complex, 116 G. T. Road, GHAZIABAD 201001 8-71 19 96
63/6 Ward No. 29, R.G. Barua Road, 5th By-lane, 4 11 37
GUWAHATI 781003
6-8-56C L. N. Gupta Mary, ( Nampally Station Road ) 20 10 83
HYDERABAD 600001
R14 Yudhister Marg, C Scheme, JAIPUR 302005 52 13 74
117/418 B Sarvodaya Nagar, KANPUR 208005 21 68 76
Plot No. A-9, House No. 561/63, Sindhu Nagar, Kanpur Road, 5 55 07
LUCKNOW 226005
Patliputra Induatrial Estate, PATNA 800013 26 23 0 5
C/o Smt. Sunita Mirakhar, 66 D/C Annexe, Gandhi Nagar, —
JAMMU (TAWI) 180004
T. C. No. 14/1421, University P. O., Palayam, 6 21 04
THIRUVANANTHAPURAM 695034
Inspection Offices (With Sale Point) :
Pushpanjali, First Floor, 205-A West High Court Road, 62 51 71
Shankar Nagar Square, NAGPUR 440010
Institution of Engineers (India) Building, 1332 Shivaji Nagar, 5 24 35
PUNE 411006
*Sales Office Calcutta is at 5 Chowringhee Approach, 27 99 65
P. O. Princep Street, CALCUTTA
† Sales Office is at Novalty Chambers, Grant Road, BOMBAY 309 65 28
‡ Sales Office is at Unity Building, Narasimharaja Square, 22 39 71
BANGALORE
Printed at Dee Kay Printers, New Delhi, India

Indian Standard: Specification For Density Hydrometers

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Indian Standard: Specification For Density Hydrometers

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Indian Standard: Specification For Density Hydrometers

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

IS : 3104 ( Part 1) - 1982

Indian Standard (Reaffirmed 2013)

( First Revision ) (Reaffirmed 2011)

First Reprint MARCH 1994

Laboratoryware and Related Apparatus Sectional Committee, CDC 33

Hydrometers Subcommittee, CDC 33 : 3

0.6 In this standard, a table of standard categories of surface tension is

1.1.1 This standard does not cover hydrometers with built-in

4. SERIES AND RANGES

*Glossary of terms relating to glass industry ( first revision ).

4.2.1 Each of the three sub-series of hydrometers shall cover a total

5.2 The reference temperature for density hydrometers of the special

values appropriate to clean surfaces of these liquids and to the actual

7. REFERENCE LEVELS FOR ADJUSTMENT AND READING

10. WORKMANSHIP AND FINISH

FIG. 1 PREFERRED DESIGN OF HYDROMETER BULB???

10.8 The scale shall be straight and without twist.

10.9 Appropriate means shall be incorporated for ensuring that any

11. PRINCIPAL DIMENSIONS

12.2 Graduation Lines

TABLE 1 PRINCIPAL DIMENSIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR HYDROMETERS

(Clauses 11.1 and 12.5)

SERIES M A X I - NOMINAL N U M B E R OF SCALE DIVISIONS × MINIMUM B U L B D I A - V O L U M E BELOW E X T E N S I O N

Min Max Min Max

mm kg/m 3 g/ ml kg/m3 g/ml mm mm mm ml ml Graduation

IS : 3104 ( Part I ) - 1982

TABLE 2 RECOMMENDED STEM DIAMETERS

U P P E R LIMIT OF NOMINAL SERIES SERIES SERIES

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

12.3 Sequence of Graduation Lines

a) every tenth graduation line shall be a long line,

FIG. 2 RECOMMENDED SCALES FOR TYPICAL HYDROMETERS — Contd

FIG. 2 RECOMMENDED SCALES FOR T Y P I C A L HYDROMETERS

12.4 Figuring of Graduation Lines

12.5 Extension of Scale — The scale shall be extended beyond the

TABLE 3 MAXIMUM PERMITTED ERRORS

(1) (2) (3)

14. MARKING AND PACKING

b) the standard reference temperature of the hydrometer, for

d) whether the hydrometer is adjusted for reading at the top of the

14.2 Packing — The hydrometers shall be suitably packed to provide

15. SAMPLING AND TESTS

15.1 Samples to determine conformity of hydrometers to the requirements

A-0.2 If surfaces of aqueous solutions (except those of acetic acid and of

B-1.2 For ascertaining the conformity of the lot to the requirements of

*Methods for random sampling.

TABLE 4 STANDARD CATEGORIES OF SURFACE TENSION

I S : 3104 ( Part I ) - 1982

SURFACE TENSION EXAMPLES OF L I Q U I D S TO WHICH

(1) (2) (3) (4) (3) (6) (7) (8) (9)

Low Increment kg/m3 0 20 40 60 80 O r g a n i c liquids g e n e r a l l y ( i n c l u d i n g

1 000 t o 1 300 100 to 130 35 A c e t i c acid solutions, t h e free surfaces

Medium 600 t o 940 0.60 to 0 94 35 Aqueous solutions (including those of

1 000 t o 2 000 100 to 200 55 N i t r i c acid s o l u t i o n s of d e n s i t y g r e a t e r

High 1 000 t o 2 000 100 to 200 75 A q u e o u s solutions, t h e surfaces of

TABLE 5 SCALE OF SAMPLING

NO. OF HYDROMETERS SAMPLE SIZE

B-2. NUMBER OF TESTS A N D CRITERIA FOR CONFORMITY

TABLE 6 NUMBER OF TESTS AND CRITERIA FOR CONFORMITY