NAME: Enriquez, Jeffrey Erick B.

SIGNATURE:
SR CODE: 20-05294
SECTION: ECE - 2205
DATE: 03-18-2022
Rubric for Laboratory Experiment Report

4 – exemplary; 3 – proficient; 2 – satisfactory; 1 – unsatisfactory

Evaluation Criteria 4 3 2 1 SCORE

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complete missing some provided or
missing some major
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experiment details still missing some experiment details
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tables contain
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tables are correctly graphs, tables are poorly
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Results: data, drawn, but some OKAY, some still constructed,, have
tables are correctly
figures, tables, etc. have minor missing some missing titles,
drawn
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still be improved required features numbers, units
missing or
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or incorrect
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interpretation or
All of the results correctly interpreted and
trends and
have been correctly interpreted and discussed; partial
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Conclusions
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conclusions have points are drawn, missing or
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could be enhanced minor points are not important points
neglected
 EXPERIMENT NO. 2

TITLE: Parallel RC and RL Circuits

I. INTRODUCTION
II. OBJECTIVES

The Objectives of the experiment aims to:

A. Describe the relationship between the current and voltage in RC and RL circuits

B. Attain knowledge about parallel RC and RL Circuits.

C. Obtain values of impedance to know the accuracy of the given circuit.

III. MATERIALS/TOOLS/EQUIPMENT

The following are the materials/components used during the experiment.

● 100 W Lamp
● 5 uf Capacitor
● 1.389 H Inductor
● AC Voltmeter
● AC Ammeter
● AC Supply
● Multisim
 IV. PROCEDURES

The proponents have complied with the procedures given below in accordance with the
laboratory experiment.

A. RC Circuit
1. The proponents have built the circuit in Figure 1 in Multisim as shown in
Figure 2.

Figure 1. Given Circuit Diagram

Figure 2. Circuit Diagram in Multisim

2. An AC Ammeter was used to read the total current flowing through the
circuit. The read current was recorded in Table 2.
 Figure 3. AC Ammeter Connected in Series to AC Source

3. The current through the lamp was read and recorded in Table 2.

Figure 4. AC Ammeter Connected in Series to Lamp

4. Lastly, the current through the capacitor was measured. The measured
current was then recorded in Table 2.
 Figure 5. AC Ammeter Connected in Series to Capacitor

5. An AC Voltmeter was used to read the total voltage of the circuit. The
read current was recorded in Table 1.

Figure 6. AC Voltmeter Connected in Parallel to AC Source

6. The voltage through the lamp was read and recorded in Table 1.
 Figure 7. AC Voltmeter Connected in Parallel to Lamp

7. Lastly, the voltage through the capacitor was measured. The measured
voltage was then recorded in Table 1.

Figure 8. AC Voltmeter Connected in Parallel to Capacitor

8. Using Ohm’s Law, the values of voltages and currents were computed for
each component of the circuit.

Based on the Voltage divider rules, the total voltage is equal to the
voltages of each parallel connection, hence VT = VR = VC = 220V.

Solution for Lamp Resistance:

2
𝑉
𝑅= 𝑃
 2
220 𝑉
𝑅 = 100 𝑊

R = 484 Ohms

Solution for Capacitive Reactance:

1
𝑋𝐶 = 2π𝑓𝐶
𝑂ℎ𝑚𝑠

1
𝑋𝐶 = −6 𝑂ℎ𝑚𝑠
2π(60)(5𝑥10 )

XC = 530.516 Ohms

Solution for Total Impedance:

1 1 2 1 2
𝑍
= (𝑅) +(𝑋 )
𝐶

1 1 2 1 2
𝑍
= ( 484 ) + ( 530.516 )

Z = 357.556 Ohms

Solution for Lamp Current:

𝑉
𝐼𝑅 = 𝑅

220 𝑉
𝐼𝑅 = 484 𝑂ℎ𝑚𝑠

IR = 454.545 mA

Solution for Capacitive Current:

𝑉
𝐼𝐶 = 𝑋𝐶

220 𝑉
𝐼𝐶 = 530.516 𝑂ℎ𝑚𝑠

IC = 414.690 mA

Solution for Total Current:

𝑉
𝐼𝑇 = 𝑍
 220 𝑉
𝐼𝑇 = 357.556 𝑂ℎ𝑚𝑠

IT = 615.288 mA

9. The magnitude and phase angle of the impedance was computed.

Total Impedance:
1 1 1
𝑍
= 𝑅
− 𝑗𝑋𝐶

1 1 1
𝑍
= 484
− 𝑗530.516

Z = 264.145 - j240.985 Ohms

Z = 357.556∠-42.375° Ohms

Magnitude: 357.556 Ohms

Phase Angle: -42.375°

10. Finally, the percentage difference between the benchwork and

computation was calculated for each of the components.

Voltage across the Lamp Percentage Difference:

𝑊𝑜𝑟𝑘𝑏𝑒𝑛𝑐ℎ − 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑢𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
VR % = 𝑊𝑜𝑟𝑘𝑏𝑒𝑛𝑐ℎ + 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑢𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 * 100
( 2
)

219.984 𝑉 − 220 𝑉
VR % = 219.984 𝑉 +220 𝑉 * 100
( 2
)

VR % = 0.0073%

Voltage across the Capacitor Percentage Difference:

𝑊𝑜𝑟𝑘𝑏𝑒𝑛𝑐ℎ − 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑢𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
VC % = 𝑊𝑜𝑟𝑘𝑏𝑒𝑛𝑐ℎ + 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑢𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 * 100
( 2
)

219.984 𝑉 − 220 𝑉
VC % = 219.984 𝑉 +220 𝑉 * 100
( 2
)

VC % = 0.0073%
 Total Voltage Percentage Difference:
𝑊𝑜𝑟𝑘𝑏𝑒𝑛𝑐ℎ − 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑢𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
VT % = 𝑊𝑜𝑟𝑘𝑏𝑒𝑛𝑐ℎ + 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑢𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 * 100
( 2
)

219.984 𝑉 − 220 𝑉
VT % = 219.984 𝑉 +220 𝑉 * 100
( 2
)

VT % = 0.0073%

Current through the Lamp Percentage Difference:

𝑊𝑜𝑟𝑘𝑏𝑒𝑛𝑐ℎ − 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑢𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
IR % = 𝑊𝑜𝑟𝑘𝑏𝑒𝑛𝑐ℎ + 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑢𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 * 100
( 2
)

454 𝑚𝐴 − 454 𝑚𝐴
IR % = 454 𝑚𝐴 +454 𝑚𝐴 * 100
( 2
)

IR % = 0%

Current through Capacitor Percentage Difference:

𝑊𝑜𝑟𝑘𝑏𝑒𝑛𝑐ℎ − 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑢𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
IC % = 𝑊𝑜𝑟𝑘𝑏𝑒𝑛𝑐ℎ + 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑢𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 * 100
( 2
)

420 𝑚𝐴 − 415 𝑚𝐴
IC % = 420 𝑚𝐴 + 415 𝑚𝐴 * 100
( 2
)

IC % = 1.1976%

Total Current Percentage Difference:

𝑊𝑜𝑟𝑘𝑏𝑒𝑛𝑐ℎ − 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑢𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
IT % = 𝑊𝑜𝑟𝑘𝑏𝑒𝑛𝑐ℎ + 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑢𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 * 100
( 2
)

619 𝑚𝐴 − 615𝑚𝐴
IT % = 619 𝑚𝐴 + 615 𝑚𝐴 * 100
( 2
)

IT % = 0.6483%

B. RL Circuit
1. The proponents have built the circuit in Figure 9 in Multisim as shown in
Figure 4.

Figure 9. Given Circuit Diagram

Figure 10. Circuit Diagram in Multisim

2. An AC Ammeter was used to read the total current flowing through the
circuit. The read current was recorded in Table 4.
 Figure 11. AC Ammeter Connected in Series to AC Source

3. The current through the lamp was read and recorded in Table 4.

Figure 12. AC Ammeter Connected in Series to Lamp

4. Lastly, the current through the Inductor was measured. The measured
current was then recorded in Table 4.
 Figure 13. AC Ammeter Connected in Series to Inductor

5. An AC Voltmeter was used to read the total voltage of the circuit. The
read current was recorded in Table 3.

Figure 14. AC Voltmeter Connected in Parallel to AC Source

6. The voltage through the lamp was read and recorded in Table 3.
 Figure 15. AC Voltmeter Connected in Parallel to Lamp

7. Lastly, the voltage through the inductor was measured. The measured
voltage was then recorded in Table 3.

Figure 16. AC Voltmeter Connected in Parallel to Inductor

8. Using Ohm’s Law, the values of voltages and currents were computed for
each component of the circuit.

Based on the Voltage divider rules, the total voltage is equal to the
voltages of each parallel connection, hence VT = VR = VL = 220V.

Solution for Lamp Resistance:

2
𝑉
𝑅= 𝑃

2
220 𝑉
𝑅 = 100 𝑊

R = 484 Ohms

Solution for Inductive Reactance:

𝑋𝐿 = 2π𝑓𝐿 𝑂ℎ𝑚𝑠

𝑋𝐶 = 2π(60)(1. 389)𝑂ℎ𝑚𝑠

XC = 523.641 Ohms

Solution for Total Impedance:

1 1 2 1 2
𝑍
= (𝑅) +(𝑋 )
𝐿

1 1 2 1 2
𝑍
= ( 484 ) + ( 523.641 )

Z = 355.429 Ohms

Solution for Lamp Current:

𝑉
𝐼𝑅 = 𝑅

220 𝑉
𝐼𝑅 = 484 𝑂ℎ𝑚𝑠

IR = 454.545 mA

Solution for Inductive Current:

𝑉
𝐼𝐿 = 𝑋𝐶
 220 𝑉
𝐼𝐿 = 523.641 𝑂ℎ𝑚𝑠

IL = 420.135 mA

Solution for Total Current:

𝑉
𝐼𝑇 = 𝑍

220 𝑉
𝐼𝑇 = 355.429 𝑂ℎ𝑚𝑠

IT = 618.970 mA

9. The magnitude and phase angle of the impedance was computed.

Total Impedance:
1 1 1
𝑍
= 𝑅
+ 𝑗𝑋𝐿

1 1 1
𝑍
= 484
− 𝑗523.641

Z = 261.011 - j241.252 Ohms

Z = 355.429∠-42.747° Ohms

Magnitude: 355.429 Ohms

Phase Angle: 42.747°

10. Finally, the percentage difference between the benchwork and

computation was calculated for each of the components.

Voltage across the Lamp Percentage Difference:

𝑊𝑜𝑟𝑘𝑏𝑒𝑛𝑐ℎ − 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑢𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
VR % = 𝑊𝑜𝑟𝑘𝑏𝑒𝑛𝑐ℎ + 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑢𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 * 100
( 2
)

219.984 𝑉 − 220 𝑉
VR % = 219.984 𝑉 +220 𝑉 * 100
( 2
)

VR % = 0.0073%

Voltage across the Inductor Percentage Difference:

 𝑊𝑜𝑟𝑘𝑏𝑒𝑛𝑐ℎ − 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑢𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
VL % = 𝑊𝑜𝑟𝑘𝑏𝑒𝑛𝑐ℎ + 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑢𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 * 100
( 2
)

219.984 𝑉 − 220 𝑉
VL % = 219.984 𝑉 +220 𝑉 * 100
( 2
)

VL % = 0.0073%

Total Voltage Percentage Difference:

𝑊𝑜𝑟𝑘𝑏𝑒𝑛𝑐ℎ − 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑢𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
VT % = 𝑊𝑜𝑟𝑘𝑏𝑒𝑛𝑐ℎ + 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑢𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 * 100
( 2
)

219.988 𝑉 − 220 𝑉
VT % = 219.988 𝑉 +220 𝑉 * 100
( 2
)

VT % = 0.0055%

Current through the Lamp Percentage Difference:

𝑊𝑜𝑟𝑘𝑏𝑒𝑛𝑐ℎ − 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑢𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
IR % = 𝑊𝑜𝑟𝑘𝑏𝑒𝑛𝑐ℎ + 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑢𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 * 100
( 2
)

454 𝑚𝐴 − 454 𝑚𝐴
IR % = 454 𝑚𝐴 +454 𝑚𝐴 * 100
( 2
)

IR % = 0%

Current through Inductor Percentage Difference:

𝑊𝑜𝑟𝑘𝑏𝑒𝑛𝑐ℎ − 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑢𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
IL % = 𝑊𝑜𝑟𝑘𝑏𝑒𝑛𝑐ℎ + 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑢𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 * 100
( 2
)

414 𝑚𝐴 − 420 𝑚𝐴
IL % = 414 𝑚𝐴 + 420 𝑚𝐴 * 100
( 2
)

IL % = 1.4389%
Total Current Percentage Difference:
𝑊𝑜𝑟𝑘𝑏𝑒𝑛𝑐ℎ − 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑢𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
IT % = 𝑊𝑜𝑟𝑘𝑏𝑒𝑛𝑐ℎ + 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑢𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 * 100
( 2
)

615 𝑚𝐴 − 618𝑚𝐴
IT % = 615 𝑚𝐴 + 618 𝑚𝐴 * 100
( 2
)

IT % = 0.4866%
V. DATA AND RESULTS

Voltage (V) R C Total

Workbench 219.984 V 219.984 V 219.984 V

Computation 220 V 220 V 220 V

% Difference 0.0073% 0.0073% 0.0073%

Table 1. Simulation and Computation Result Voltage of the Parallel RC Circuit

Current (A) R C Total

Workbench 454 mA 420 mA 619 mA

Computation 454 mA 415 mA 615 mA

% Difference 0% 1.1976% 0.6483%

Table 2. Simulation and Computation Result Current of the Parallel RC Circuit

Voltage (V) R L Total

Workbench 219.984 V 219.984 V 219.988 V

Computation 220 V 220 V 220 V

% Difference 0.0073% 0.0073% 0.0055%

Table 3. Simulation and Computation Result Voltage of the Parallel RL Circuit

Current (A) R L Total

Workbench 454 mA 414 mA 615 mA

Computation 454 mA 420 mA 618 mA

% Difference 0% 1.4389% 0.4866%

Table 4. Simulation and Computation Result Current of the Parallel RL Circuit
VI. ANALYSIS

A. QUESTIONS

a.Do the workbench and computational values of voltages and currents

agree?

b.Give possible reasons for any discrepancies.

 B. Circuit Design:

a. Design a parallel RC Circuit which consists of Capacitor C and a 220 V,

100 W. The total impedance of the circuit is 453.6712 Ohms. Find the
value or R and C.

C. Problems

a. A coil having an impedance of 10+j5 is connected in parallel with a series

combination of a variable resistance R and a capacitor having a reactance
of 8 Ohms. The combination is connected across a 24 V AC Source.
Determine the total current drawn if R is adjusted in order to bring the
total pf of the circuit to unity.

b.Three impedances Za, Zc, Zr, are connected in parallel. If a 60 Hz, Za =

0+j8, Zc = 0-j2, and Zr = 5+j0 ohms. Solve for the frequency at resonance.

VII. CONCLUSION

To conclude the laboratory experiment, the RLC Circuit is a circuit where a

resistor, inductor, and capacitor is connected in series to a voltage source. The voltage source
used in the experiment is an AC source to fully utilize the effects of capacitors and inductors
in an oscillating source. An AC voltage source is connected in parallel with a lamp, an
inductor, and a capacitor, and used an AC voltmeter, and AC ammeter to record the voltage
and current, respectively, that goes through each of the components.

Moreover, the measurements of the components’ voltage and current was also
computed using the Ohm’s Law, as well as formulas for impedance and reactance. The
computed and simulated values of these components are near equal, having a percent
difference of less than four percent. Their difference mainly came from inconsistencies in
rounding off, as well as the internal resistances of the components used in Multisim.