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    Handout 3

    Uploaded by

    Marvin Yebes Arce
    The document discusses parabolas and provides examples of: - The definition and key features of a parabola including its focus, directrix, vertex, and axis of symmetry - Equations of parabolas in various forms - Sketching and analyzing graphs of parabolas from given equations

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    Handout 3

    Uploaded by

    Marvin Yebes Arce
    42 views3 pages
    The document discusses parabolas and provides examples of: - The definition and key features of a parabola including its focus, directrix, vertex, and axis of symmetry - Equations of parabolas in various forms - Sketching and analyzing graphs of parabolas from given equations

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    The document discusses parabolas and provides examples of: - The definition and key features of a parabola including its focus, directrix, vertex, and axis of symmetry - Equations of parabolas in various forms - Sketching and analyzing graphs of parabolas from given equations

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    42 views3 pages

    Handout 3

    Uploaded by

    Marvin Yebes Arce
    The document discusses parabolas and provides examples of: - The definition and key features of a parabola including its focus, directrix, vertex, and axis of symmetry - Equations of parabolas in various forms - Sketching and analyzing graphs of parabolas from given equations

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Handout 2

    Conic Sections –Parabola

    A parabola is the set of all points that are equidistant from a given point and a given line.

    The figure above shows a parabola opening upward. The given point, F is called the focus while the
    given line L, the directrix. All points, P, on the parabola are equidistant from F and L. The line
    through the focus, represented by VF ´ , that is perpendicular to L is called the axis of symmetry. The
    parabola is seen to be symmetric with respect to the axis. The point V where the parabola intersects
    its axis, is called the vertex of the parabola. The vertex, then, is the point from which the parabola
    opens. Note that the vertex is the point on the parabola that is closest to the directrix.

    Equations of the Parabola, V is at (0 , 0)

    Since the vertex is on the parabola, it is equidistant from the focus and the directrix. Thus, if the
    coordinates of the focus F are (0 , p), then the equation of the directrix is y=−p . Let P( x , y ) be any
    point on the parabola, and equate the distance from P to the focus F and the distance from P to the
    directrix L. Using the distance formula:

    PF=PQ

    √ ( x−0 ) +( y− p ) =√ ( x− x ) +( y− p )
    2 2 2 2

    Squaring both sides:


    2 2 2 2 2
    x + y −2 py + p = y +2 py+ p
    x 2=4 py
    Hence, the equation of a parabola whose vertex is at the origin, the focus is at (0 , p) and whose axis
    of symmetry is vertical is:
    2
    x =4 py

    This equation is true, regardless if the parabola opens upward ( p>0) or opens downward ( p<0).
    If the parabola opens to the left or opens to the right, using the distance formula will result to the
    following equation:
    2
    y =4 px

    Hence, the equation of a parabola whose vertex is at the origin, whose focus is at ( p, 0), and whose
    axis is horizontal is given by:
    2
    y =4 px
    regardless if the parabola opens to the right ¿) or opens to the left ( p<0).

    Sketching the Graph of a Parabola

    Examples:
    1. x 2=8 y
    2. x 2=−2 y
    2 1
    3. x = y
    3
    2
    4. y =4 x
    5. y 2=−2 x
    2 1
    6. y = x
    2

    Finding the Equation of a Parabola whose Vertex is at (0 , 0)

    Examples:
    Find the equation of the parabola given that the vertex is at (0 , 0) and
    1. the x -axis is the axis of symmetry, passes through the point (−2 , 3).
    2. the y -axis is the axis of symmetry, passes through the point (−2 , 1).
    3. the directrix is x=−5 .
    1
    4. the directrix is y= .
    2
    5. the focus is at (−1 , 0).
    6. the focus is at (0 , 4 ).

    Equations of the Parabola, V is at (h , k )

    The standard form of the equation of a parabola whose vertex is at (h , k ) is:

    Equation Vertex Axis of Symmetry


    ( x−h )2=4 p( y−k ) (h , k ) x=h
    ( y−k )2=4 p ( x−h) (h , k ) y=h

    Graphing from the Standard Form

    Examples:
    2
    1. Sketch the graph of the equation ( y−3 ) =−2(x +2).
    2
    2. Sketch the graph of the equation ( x +1 ) =2( y +2).
    Working with the Standard Form

    Examples:
    Determine the vertex, axis of symmetry and direction of the opening of the graph of the parabola
    whose equation is:

    ( )
    1. x− =
    1 2 −1
    2 2
    ( y +4)

    2
    ( )
    2. ( y +1 ) =4 x −
    1
    3
    2
    3. ( x−2 ) =2( y+ 1)
    2
    4. ( y−1 ) =−3( x−2)

    Writing Equation of the Parabola in the Standard Form

    Examples:
    Write the following equation in the standard form

    1. 2 y 2−12 y+ x +19=0
    2
    2. x + 4 x + y +9=0
    2
    3. x −x +3 y+ 1=0
    2
    4. y +4 y+ x+3=0

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