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    الزنداح

    Uploaded by

    Taha Shalabi
    This document describes an experiment to construct a model clay with a given density and alter its physical characteristics by adding barite and bentonite. It provides details on the goals, introduction, tools and materials used, calibration process, experimental procedure, calculations for determining mud hydrostatic pressure and density requirements, and conclusions. The purpose is to study how adding barite and bentonite affects the density and rheological properties of drilling mud.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    الزنداح

    Uploaded by

    Taha Shalabi
    15 views14 pages
    This document describes an experiment to construct a model clay with a given density and alter its physical characteristics by adding barite and bentonite. It provides details on the goals, introduction, tools and materials used, calibration process, experimental procedure, calculations for determining mud hydrostatic pressure and density requirements, and conclusions. The purpose is to study how adding barite and bentonite affects the density and rheological properties of drilling mud.

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    This document describes an experiment to construct a model clay with a given density and alter its physical characteristics by adding barite and bentonite. It provides details on the goals, introduction, tools and materials used, calibration process, experimental procedure, calculations for determining mud hydrostatic pressure and density requirements, and conclusions. The purpose is to study how adding barite and bentonite affects the density and rheological properties of drilling mud.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    15 views14 pages

    الزنداح

    Uploaded by

    Taha Shalabi
    This document describes an experiment to construct a model clay with a given density and alter its physical characteristics by adding barite and bentonite. It provides details on the goals, introduction, tools and materials used, calibration process, experimental procedure, calculations for determining mud hydrostatic pressure and density requirements, and conclusions. The purpose is to study how adding barite and bentonite affects the density and rheological properties of drilling mud.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 14

    Alrefak University

    Petrol Engineering
    Drilling Engineer

    Title: MUD Weighting


    Experiment:1
    Group (A)
    Name: mohammed salah zendah
    The Goal Of The Experiment:
    The Main Goal Of The Experiment Is To Construct A Model Clay With A Given
    Density And Then Alter Its Physical Characteristics (Density) By Adding A Small
    Quantity Of Barite And Bentonite.

    Introduction:
    A Weight Of Mud Per Unit Volume Is Referred To As Drilling Mud Or Mud Density.
    It's One Of The Vital Drilling Fluids Since It Regulates Formation Pressure And
    Keeps It Stable, Which Also Aids In Well Stability. The Theory Behind It Is That It
    Functions By Keeping The Excised Region As A Trap To Prevent The Hydrocarbon
    From Washing Out.

    Other Than Those Already Mentioned, The Drilling Mud Has Various Benefits,
    Including:

    1. Take Cuttings Out Of The Well.


    2. Regulate The Formation Pressures.
    3. Reduce Environmental Impact.
    4. Minimize Rusting.
    5. Sealable Materials
    6. Let The Drilling Bit Cool And Lube It.

    Pounds Per Gallon (PPG), Pounds Per Cubic Foot (Lb / Ft3), Or Grams Per Milliliter
    (B / Ml) Are Used To Determine The Density Of Mud.

    A Common Tool Called A Mud Balance Is Used To Assess Mud Density; Nevertheless,
    The Mud Density Shouldn't Be Too High Or Low To Avoid Extremely Invasive
    Organisms From Entering The Formation Or Causing It To Lose Circulation. Bentonite
    Clay Is The Suggested Material For Drilling Mud And Has Several Uses.

    Tools To Experiment:

    Materials :
    Bentonite Clay ( 25 Lb / Bbl ) , Water ( 8.33 Lb / Gal ), Barite (60 Ib/Ibb ).

    1
    Apparatus:
    • Mud balance

    • Sensitive balance

    • Lab Spatula

    2
    • Paper Nomination

    • Soil Dispersion Mixer

    3
    • marsh hunisi

    Calibration:
    Before using clay for measurement, the clay balance must be calibrated in order to
    determine whether or not it is working properly.
    The following stages are some techniques to calibrate the slurry balance:
    1. Remove the cover, clean the cup thoroughly and dry it, make sure there are no
    contaminants inside, and then pour distilled water into it.
    2. Then put the cover back on and clean it to dry.
    3. Adjust the balance arm into position and check to ensure that the knife edge is
    positioned correctly on the fulcrum.
    4. Now, when the rider puts 8,33, the level inside the glass should be in the
    center. If it does not, the instrument must be serviced because it is inaccurate.

    4
    this form is A balance is a tool for assessing density, and it has the seven
    components listed above.

    Procedure:
    1. Measure the water density using the 4 units , tabulated results.

    2. Measure the mud density of the pre-mix mud using the 4 units, tabulated and
    compare results. (the pre-mix mud is prepared using 25lb/bbl bentonite only).

    3. Add 15 grams /350cc barite to sample of the pre-mix mud, measure its density
    using the 4 units, tabulate and compare results with the results of step 1 and 2

    4. Add 20 grams/350cc barite to sample of the pre-mix mud, measure its density
    the 4 units, tabulate and compare results with the results of step1 and 2

    5. Add 25 grams/350cc barite to sample of the pre-mix mud, measure its density
    the 4 units, tabulate and compare results with the results of step1 and 2

    5
    Calculate:

    Calculate the mud hydrostatic pressure at 10,000 ft (TVD) using the mud density

    Measured from step 1 to 5. And calculate the pressure gradient

    𝑃 = 0.052 × 𝑃𝑀𝑈𝐷 × 𝑇𝑉𝐷

    𝑃 = 0.052 × 9.18 × 10000

    𝑃 = 4773.6 𝑝𝑠𝑖

    Result:

    Conclusion:

    One of the most crucial applications employed at drilling sites, mud weight balance has
    many benefits as we already explained. The purpose of this event was to balance clay
    weights in order to keep configuration pressure constant. Engineers must be able to
    balance the weight of clay by doing some calculations and activities, calibrating and
    using all tools necessary to do so, and becoming more proficient when mixing and
    preparing ingredients to avoid any mistakes that can affect the outcome.

    6
    Calculate the sacks of barite required to increase the
    density of 1000 bbls mud From 9.0 ppg to 12.0 ppg if each
    sack contains 100 pounds?

    𝑣1 𝑝1 + 𝑣𝑠 𝑝𝑠 + 𝑣𝑓 𝑝𝑓 , 𝑣𝑓 = (𝑣1 +𝑣𝑠 )

    (1000 × 9) + (𝑣𝑠 × 34.9) = (1000 + 𝑣𝑠 )12

    900 + 34.9𝑣𝑠 = 12000 + 12𝑣𝑠

    22.9𝑣𝑠 = 3000

    𝑣𝑠 = 131 𝑏𝑏𝑙𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑒

    131 × 14.7 = 1925.76 𝑠𝑎𝑐𝑘𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑡

    7
    It is planned to drilling formation having
    4000 psi pressure at9000ft.with250 psi overbalance.
    Determine:
    a.The required mud density.
    b.The equivalent mud density of the
    250 psi overbalance.

    𝑝 = 0.052 × 𝑝𝑚𝑢𝑑 × 𝑡𝑣𝑑

    (4000 + 250) = 0.052 × 𝑝𝑚𝑢𝑑 × 9000

    4250
    𝑎) 𝑝𝑚𝑢𝑑 = = 9.081 𝑝𝑝𝑔
    0.052 × 9001

    250 × 9.081
    𝑏) 𝑝𝑚𝑢𝑑 (250𝑝𝑠𝑖 ) = = 0.534 𝑝𝑝𝑔
    4250

    8
    What is the purpose of adding ?
    Barite :

    It is a mineral composed of barium sulfate. Barite is often white or colorless, and is


    mixed with anglesite and celestine. Baritene or barium sulfate is a high density,
    colorless or white mineral that can have slight tinges to yellow, brown, green, red,
    tan, or gray.
    With increased baret concentration becomes more viscous. So the results showed
    that the barite concentration affects the density of drilling clay as well as on the riot
    characteristics .

    Bentonite :
    It is used to raise the viscosity and contribute to the formation of mud cake, which
    is a thin layer formed by the drilling fluid on the inner wall of the well, protecting
    it from precipitation. This material works in fresh water, and in the case of salt
    water, we use Attapulgite .

    What is the chemical formula of ?


    Barite.
    BaSO4

    Calcium carbonate .
    CaCO3

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