SOLVED EXAMPLES

Ex.1 If G is the centroid of triangle ABC then value Sol.  AB = ED and AF = CD ,

of GA + GB + GC will be-

(A) 0 (B) 3 GA

(C) 3 GB (D) 3 GC
Sol. If D is middle point of side BC then-

so AB + AC + AD + AE + AF

= ED + AC + AD + AE + CD

= ( AC + CD ) + ( AE + ED ) + AD

1 = AD + AD + AD = 3 AD
GD = ( GB + GC )
2  k = 3 Ans.[B]
 G divides AD in the ratio of 2 : 1
Ex.4 If a point P on the side BC of triangle ABC
 AG = 2 GD
is such that AP + PB = CP + PQ then
 – GA = GB + GC ABQC will be-
(A) Square (B) Rectangle
 GA + GB + GC = 0 Ans. [A] (C) Parellelogram (D) None of these
Sol. From figure
Ex.2 In a parallelogram ABCD, AB = a, BC = b
then BD equals-
   
(A) (a  b) (B) (a  b)
   
(C) (a  2b) (D) (b  a)
Sol. According to figure

AP + PB = AB

CP + PQ = CQ

So AB = CQ then ABQC is a parallelogram.

Ans.[B]

BD = BC + CD Ex.5 The length of diagonal AC of a parallellogram

 ABCD whose two adjacent sides AB and AD
= b + BA [  CD = BA ]
are represented respectively by 2 î  4 ĵ  5k̂
  
= ba [  BA = – a ] Ans.[D] and î  2 ĵ  3k̂ is-
Ex.3 If ABCDEF is a regular hexagon and (A) 3 (B) 4
(C) 5 (D) 7
AB + AC + AD + AE + AF = k AD , then
k equals- Sol.  AC = AB + AD
(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 6 (D) 5
= 3 î  6 ĵ  2k̂
 Sol. Given vectors are parallel, so we have
 Length of the diagonal AC = | AC |
3 2 5
= 3 2  6 2   2 2 = 7 Ans.[D] = =
2 p q
 p = 4/3, q = 10/3 Ans.[D]
Ex.6 If the middle points of sides BC, CA & AB of
triangle ABC are respectively D,E,F then Ex.9 If AO + OB = BO + OC , then A , B, C are-
position vector of centre of triangle DEF, when
(A) coplanar (B) collinear
position vector of A,B, C are respectively
(C) non-collinear (D) None of these
î  ĵ , ĵ  k̂ , k̂  î is-
Sol. AO + OB = BO + OC  AB = BC
1
(A) ( î  ĵ  k̂ ) (B) ( î  ĵ  k̂ )
3  AB || BC and a point B is common to
2 both vectors AB and BC . Hence A,B,C are
(C) 2 ( î  ĵ  k̂ ) (D) ( î  ĵ  k̂ )
3 collinear. Ans.[B]
Sol. The position vector of points D,E,F are
respectively  
Ex.10 Let A = (x + 4y) a + (2x + y + 1) b and
î  ĵ k̂  ĵ î  k̂  
+ k̂ , î + and + ĵ B = (y – 2x + 2) a + ( 2x – 3y – 1) b where
2 2 2  
a and b are non collinear vectors, if
So, position vector of centre of  DEF 3A = 2B; then
 î  ĵ k̂  ĵ î  k̂  (A) x = 1, y = 2 (B) x = 2, y = 1
1  k̂  î    ĵ
=  (C) x = 2, y = – 1 (D) x = – 1, y = 2
3  2 2 2   
Sol. 3 A = 3(x + 4y) a + 3 (2x + y + 1) b
 
2 2 B = 2(y – 2x + 2) a + 2 (2x – 3y – 1) b
= [ î  ĵ  k̂ ] Ans.[D]
3
 3A = 2B  3(x + 4y) = 2 (y – 2x + 2),
3 (2x + y + 1) = 2(2x – 3y – 1)
 
Ex.7 The p.v. of the point A is 6b  2a and the  7x + 10 y = 4 and 2x + 9y = – 5
point P divides any line AB in the ratio 1: 2.
   x = 2, y = – 1 Ans.[C]
If the p.v. of P is a  b , then p.v. of B will be-
    Ex.11 Let position vectors of points A,B,C and D
(A) 7 a  15 b (B) 7 a  15 b are respectively 3 î  2 ĵ  k̂ , 2 î  3 ĵ  4 k̂ ,
   
(C) 15 a  7 b (D) 15 a  7 b  î  ĵ  2 k̂ and 4 î  5 ĵ   k̂ . If the points are
Sol. Let the p.v. of B be r coplanar, then the value of  is-
  
  r  2 (6b  2a) (A) –
146
(B)
146
 a b =
1 2 17 17
     (C) 0 (D) None of these
 3 a  3 b = r  12b  4a
   Sol. AB =  î  5 ĵ  3 k̂
 r = 7 a  15 b Ans.[B]
AC =  4 î  3 ĵ  3 k̂
Ex.8 If 3 î  2 ĵ  5 k̂ and  2 î  p ĵ  q k̂ are and AD = î  7 ĵ  (  1) k̂
collinear vectors, then-
If A,B,C,D are coplanar, then vectors
(A) p = 4/3, q = – 10/3
(B) p = 10/3, q = 4/3 AB , AC and AD are coplanar, then
(C) p = – 4/3, q = 10/3
 î  5 ĵ  3 k̂ = x (  4 î  3 ĵ  3 k̂ )
(D) p = 4/3, q = 10/3
+ y [ î  7 ĵ  (  1) k̂ ]
 – 4x + y = – 1, 3x + 7y = 5
 and 3x + (  + 1)y = – 3 Sol. If given points are A,B,C respectively, then
Solving first two equations | AB | = |  î  2 ĵ  6 k̂ |
12 17
x = , y = = 1  4  36 = 41
31 31
Substituting these values of x and y in third
| BC | = | 2 î  ĵ  k̂ |
equation, we get
146 =
 = – Ans.[A] 4  1 1 = 6
17
| CA | = |  î  3 ĵ  5 k̂ |
 
Ex.12 If a = î  2 ĵ  3k̂ , b = î  3 ĵ  2 k̂ and = 1  9  25 = 35
   
c = 2 î  ĵ  5 k̂ , then vectors a , b , c are - Now | AB |2 = | BC |2 + | CA |2
(A) linearly independent Hence given points form a right angled
(B) collinear triangle. Ans.[D]
(C) linearly dependent
(D) None of these Ex.15 A, B, P, Q, R are five points in any plane. If
Sol. Let x (a) + y(b) + z(c) = 0 forces AP , AQ , AR acts on point A and
 x( î  2 ĵ  3k̂ ) + y( î  3 ĵ  2k̂ ) force PB , QB , RB acts on point B then
resultant is-
+ z( 2 î  ĵ  5k̂ ) = 0
(A) 3 AB (B) 3 BA
 x + y + 2z = 0 (C) 3 PQ (D) 4 PR
2x – 3y – z = 0
Sol. From figure
– 3x + 2y + 5z = 0
Solv ing these equations, we get
x = 0 = y = z
 vectors are linearly independent.
Ans.[A]

 
Ex.13 If a = p î  2 ĵ  3k̂ and b = p î  13 ĵ are
vectors of equal magnitude then p is equal
to-
(A) 0 (B) 1 AP + PB = AB
(C) 0 or 1 (D) 2
 AQ + QB = AB
Sol. |a | = p2  4  9 = p 2  13
AR + RB = AB

| b | = p  13
So ( AP + AQ + AR ) + ( PB + QB + RB )= 3 AB

 | a | = |b|  p2 + 13 = p + 13 so required resultant = 3 AB
 p = 0 or 1 Ans.[C] Ans.[A]

Ex.16 The length of diagonals of parallelogram with

Ex.14 If 2 î  ĵ  k̂ , î  3 ĵ  5k̂ and 3 î  4 ĵ  4k̂ are
adjacent sides as 2 î  3 ĵ  2 k̂ and
position vectors of vertices of a triangle, then
it is- î  2 ĵ  k̂ are-
(A) equilateral (B) isosceles (A) 35 , (B)
35 11 , 11
(C) right angled isosceles(D) None of these
(C) 35 , 11 (D) None of these
  
Sol. Let the given vectors be a and b , then the But AB =  2 î  4 ĵ  4k̂
 
diagonals will be represented by a  b and
  and AC =  2 î  2 ĵ  k̂
a  b . So the diagonals are represented by

3 î  5 ĵ  k̂ and î  ĵ  3k̂ .
 | AB | = 6, | AC | = 3

Hence their lengths are 2

 AD = ( – 3i – 4j – 3k)
= 9  25  1 and 1 1 9 3

= 35 , 11 Ans.[C] 2 34
 | AD | = Ans.[B]
3
Ex.17 If two vertices of a triangle are respectively

î  ĵ and ĵ  k̂ , then the third vertex may be- Ex.20 The vector c , directed along the internal
bisector of the angle between the vectors
(A) î  k̂ (B) î  k̂
7 î  4 ĵ  4k̂ and  2 î  ĵ  2k̂ with
(C) 2 î  ĵ (D) All three 
| c | = 5 6 is-
Sol. In the given alternatives no vector is collinear
with the î  ĵ and ĵ  k̂ . Ans.[D] 5 5
(A) î  7 ĵ  2k̂ (B) ( 5 î  5 ĵ  2k̂ )
3 3

  5
Ex.18 If a  2 î  ĵ  3k̂ and b  î  2 ĵ  3k̂ , then (C) ( î  7 ĵ  2k̂ ) (D) None of these
3
 
| a  b | is equal to- 
Sol. Let a  7 î  4 ĵ  4k̂
(A) 4 6 (B) 3 6 
and b  2 î  ĵ  2k̂
(C) 2 6 (D) 6 Internal bisector divides the BC in the ratio of
 
Sol. a  b = 3 î  3 ĵ  6k̂
 
 |ab| = 9  9  36 = 54 = 3 6
Ans.[B]

Ex.19 If A (4, 7, 8) , B = (2, 3, 4) and C = (2, 5, 7)

are vertices of a triangle ABC, then the length
| AB | : | AC | , | AB | = 9, | AC | = 3
of bisector of angle A is -

(A)
3 34
(B)
2 34    
 9  2 î  ĵ  2k̂  3 7 î  4 ĵ  4k̂ 
3 AD =  93 
2  

34 34
(C) (D) î  7 ĵ  2k̂
2 3 AD =
4
Sol. If AD is bisector of angle A, then D divides
BC in the ratio AB : AC  AD 
= ±  
C  | AD |  5 6
| AC | AB  | AB | AC  
 AD = 5
| AB |  | AC |
= ± ( î  7 ĵ  2k̂ ) Ans.[A]
3
      
Ex.21 The projection of the vector î  ĵ  k̂ on vector | a  b  c |2 = | a |2 + | b |2 + | c |2 +
     
î  2 ĵ  3k̂ is- 2( a . b  b . c  c . a )
= 9 + 16 + 25 = 50
1 3 6 2   
(A) (B) (C) (D)  |a b  c | = 5 2 Ans.[A]
14 14 14 3
 
Sol. Let a  î  ĵ  k̂ , and b  î  2 ĵ  3k̂ so
Ex. 24 If  be the angle between v ectors
  
projection of a on b is 
a  î  2 ĵ  3k̂ and b  3 î  2 ĵ  k̂ , then
( î  ĵ  k̂ ).( î  2 ĵ  3k̂ ) cos  equals-
= (A) 5/7 (B) 6/7 (C) 4/7 (D) 1/2
1 4  9
 
1 2  3 6 a.b 343
= = Ans.[C] Sol. cos  =   = = 5/7 Ans.[A]
1 4  9 14 | a || b | 14 14

      
   
Ex.22 If for three vectors a , b , c ; a . b = a . c ; then
Ex.25 If | a  b | = | a  b | then angle between a and
which of the following is correct- b is -
 
(A) b = c (A) 60º (B) 30º (C) 90º (D) 180º
  
(B) a = 0 Sol. |a + b | = | a  b |
         
(C) a = 0 or b = c or a  ( b – c )  | a  b |2 = | a  b | 2
          
(D) a  ( b – c )  | a |2 + | b |2 + 2 a . b = | a |2 + | b |2 – 2 a . b
     
Sol. a .b = a .c  4 a.b = 0
   
    a.b = 0  a  b Ans.[C]
 a . (b  c ) = 0
     
 a = 0 or b – c = 0 or a  ( b – c ) Ex. 26 Forces 3 î  2 ĵ  5k̂ and 2 î  ĵ  3k̂ are acting
      at a particle which is displaced from point
 a = 0 or b = c or a  ( b – c )
Ans.[C] 2 î  ĵ  3k̂ to the point 4 î  3 ĵ  k̂ . The work
done by forces is-
   (A) 30 units (B) 36 units
Ex.23 If moduli of vectors a , b , c are 3,4 and
    (C) 24 units (D) 18 units
5 respectively and a and b  c , b and Sol. Resultant force
    
c  a , c and a  b are perpendicular to each F = ( 3 î  2 ĵ  5k̂ ) + ( 2 î  ĵ  3k̂ )
  
other, then modulus of a  b  c is -
= 5 î  3 ĵ  8k̂
(A) 5 2 (B) 2 5
(C) 50 (D) 20 Displacement vector
      
Sol.  a  ( b  c )  a .b + a .c = 0 d = ( 4 î  3 ĵ  k̂ ) – ( 2 î  ĵ  3k̂ )
      
Similarly b  ( c  a )  b . c + b . a = 0 = 2 î  2 ĵ  4k̂
        work done by force = F.d
and c  ( a  b )  c . a  c .b = 0
= 10 – 6 + 32 = 36 units
     
 a .b + b . c + c . a = 0 Ans.[B]
Now
   
Ex.27 For any two vectors a and b . (a  b)2 equals- î (1  4)  ĵ ( 2  3)  k̂ (8  3)
=
     9  25  121
(A) | a|2| b |2 (a.b)2 (B) | a |2  | b |2
   3 î  5 ĵ  11k̂
(C) | a |2  | b |2 (D) None of these =
155
     
Sol. (a  b)2 = | a  b |2 = ( a b sin  )2
    3 3
= a 2 b 2 sin2  = a 2 b 2 (1– cos2  )  | | = = Ans.[C]
155 155
   
= a 2 b 2 – ( a b cos  )2 Ex.30 The unit vector perpendicular to the plane
  
= | a|2| b |2 (a.b)2 Ans.[A] passing through points P ( î  ĵ  2 k̂ ),

   Q( 2 î  k̂ ) and R( 2 ĵ  k̂ ) is-
Ex.28 If a , b , c are three vectors such that
   (A) 2 î  ĵ  k̂ (B) 6 ( 2 î  ĵ  k̂ )
a  b  c = 0, then-
    1 1
(A) a  b = b  c (C) ( 2 î  ĵ  k̂ ) (D) ( 2 î  ĵ  k̂ )
6 6
   
(B) b  c = c  a Sol. PQ = ( 2 î  k̂ ) – ( î  ĵ  2k̂ ) = î  ĵ  3k̂
     
(C) a  b = b  c = c  a
PR = ( 2 î  k̂ ) – ( î  ĵ  2k̂ ) =  î  3 ĵ  k̂
(D) None of these
      î ĵ k̂
Sol.  a b  c = 0  c = – (a  b )
     1 1 3
 b  c =  b  (a  b ) Now PQ × PR =
1 3 1
   
=  b  a  b b
= 8 î  4 ĵ  4 k̂
 
= ab
     PQ PR = 64  16  16 = 4 6
Similarly c  a = a  b
     
 ab = bc = ca Ans.[C] 4 (2 î  ĵ  k̂ )
 reqd. unit vector = 4 6
Ex.29 If  î  m ĵ  nk̂ is a unit vector which is
1
perpendicular to vectors 2 î  ĵ  k̂ and = ( 2 î  ĵ  k̂ ) Ans.[C]
6
  
3 î  4 ĵ  k̂ then || is equal to- Ex.31 If a , b , c be three non- zero vectors, then
     
|( a × b ). c | = | a | | b | | c |, if -
3 3
(A) – (B)    
155 155 (A) a . b = b . c = 0
3    
(B) b . c = c . a = 0
(C) (D) None of these
155    
(C) c . a = a . b = 0
Sol. Vector 2 î  ĵ  k̂ and 3 î  4 ĵ  k̂
     
(D) a . b = b . c = c . a = 0
2 î  ĵ  k̂   (3 î  4 ĵ  k̂) Sol.
    
|( a × b ) . c | = | a | | b | | c |
=
| 2 î  ĵ  k̂   (3 î  4 ĵ  k̂ ) |
    
 |(a × b ) | | c | cos  = | a | | b | | c |
    Ex.34 The area of parallelogram whose diagonals
(where  is the angle between a × b and c )
      are respectively 3 î  ĵ  2k̂ and î  3 ĵ  4k̂ is-
 | a | | b | | c | sin  cos  = | a | | b | | c |
  (A) 5 2 (B) 5 3
(where  is the angle between a and b )
(C) 2 5 (D) 3 5
 sin  = 1, cos  = 1
1  
  = 90º,  = 0º Sol. Area of parallelogram = |a × b |
2
     
 a . b = 0, a . c = 0, b . c = 0  
where a = 3 î  ĵ  2k̂ and b = î  3 ĵ  4k̂
Ans.[D]
       
Ex.32 If a . b = a . c and a  b = a  c , then correct î ĵ k̂
statement is-   3 1 2
now a  b =
      1 3 4
(A) a || ( b  c ) (B) a  ( b  c )
  
(C) a = 0 or b = c (D) None of these
=  2 î  14 ĵ  10 k̂
      
Sol. a . b = a . c  a . (b  c ) = 0  Area of parallelogram
      1
 a = 0 or b – c = 0 or a  ( b – c ) = |  2 î  14 ĵ  10 k̂ |
  2
   
 a = 0 or b = c or a  ( b – c ) ...(1)
= 1  49  25 = 5 3 Ans.[B]
      
Also a × b = a × c  a × ( b – c ) = 0
  Ex.35 If î  ĵ  2 k̂ , 2 î  ĵ  k̂ and 3 î  ĵ  2 k̂ are
   
 a = 0 or b – c = 0 or a || ( b – c ) position vectors of vertices of a triangle, then
      its area is-
 a = 0 or b = c or a || ( b – c ) ...(2)
Observing to (1) and (2) we find that (A) 26 (B) 13 (C) 2 13 (D) 13
   Sol. If A,B,C are given vertices, then
a = 0 or b = c Ans.[C]
Ex.33 The components of any vector a along and AB = î  2 ĵ  3 k̂ , AC = 2 î
perpendicular to a non-zero vector b are-
         AB × AC = ( î  2 ĵ  3 k̂ ) × 2 î = 4 k̂  6 ĵ
a. b a. b |a b| |a b|
(A)  ,  (B)  , 
 AB AC = 16  36 = 2 13
|b | | a | |b | |b |
       1
a.b | a  b | a. b | a  b |  Area of  ABC = AB AC = 13
(C)  ,  (D)  , | a | 2
|b| |b | |a |
Ans.[D]
  Ex.36 If A,B,C,D are any f our points, then
Sol. Let  be the angle between a and b , then
  | AB  CD  BC  AD  CA  BD | equals-
component of a along b
     (A) Area of  ABC
 | a | a.b a.b
= | a | cos  =   =  (B) 2(Area of  ABC)
| a | |b | |b|
(C) 3(Area of  ABC)
 
and component of a perpendicular to b (D) 4 (Area of  ABC)
  
|a||a  b| Sol. Let a, b, c and d be position vectors of points
  
= | a | sin  = A,B,C and D respectively, then
| a | |b |    
  AB × CD = (b  a)  (d  c )
|a  b|
=  Ans.[C]
|b |
              
= b × d – b × c – a × d + a × c Ex.39 a . (b  c )  (a  b  c ) is equal to-
Similarly (A) 0 (B) 2 [abc]
BC × AD (C) [abc] (D) None of these
             
= c × d – c × a – b × d + b × a Sol. a . (b  c )  (a  b  c )
         
CA  BD = a .[ (b  c )  a  (b  c )  b  (b  c )  c ]
                   
= a × d – a × b – c × d + c × b = a .[ (b  a  c  a  b  b  c  c  b  c  c ]
Therefore given expression     
  = a . [b  a  c  a]
   
= |2 ( b × a – b × c + a × c )|
     
      = [a b c ]  [a c a]
= 2 |( a × b + b × c + c × a )|
= 0 Ans.[D]
= 4 (Area of  ABC) Ans.[D]
Ex. 37 a,b,c,d are the position vectors of four  
coplanar points A, B, C and D respectively. Ex.40 If vectors a  î  ĵ  k̂ , b  î  2 ĵ  k̂ and
       

If (a  d). (b  c ) = 0 = (b  d).(c  a) , then for c  3 î  p ĵ  5k̂ are coplanar, then the value
the  ABC,D is- of p is-
(A) incentre (B) orthocentre (A) 2 (B) 6 (C) – 2 (D) – 6
(C) circumcentre (D) centroid      
    Sol. a , b , c are coplanar  [a b c ] = 0
Sol. (b  d).(c  a) = 0
    1 1 1
 (a  d)  (b  c )  AD  BC
1 2 1
     = 0
Similarly (b  d).(c  a) = 0 3 p 5

 BD  AC  ( 10 + p + 3) – ( 6 – 5 – p) = 0
 D is the orthocentre of  ABC. Ans.[B]  p = – 6 Ans.[D]
 
Ex.38 Force î  2 ĵ  3k̂ , 2 î  3 ĵ  4k̂ and Ex.41 If a  3 î  8 ĵ  5k̂ , b  3 î  7 ĵ  3 k̂ and

 î  ĵ  k̂ are acting at the point P (0,1,2). c  7 î  5 ĵ  3 k̂ are the coterminus edges of
The moment of these forces about the point a parallelopiped then its volume is-
A( 1, –2, 0) is- (A) 108 (B) 210 (C) 272 (D) 308
  
(A) 2 î  6 ĵ  10k̂ (B)  2 î  6 ĵ  10k̂ Sol. Required volume = [a b c ]
(C) 2 î  6 ĵ  10k̂ (D) None of these
3 7 5
Sol. If F be the resultant force, then
3 7 3
=
F = 2 î  4 ĵ  2 k̂ 7 5 3

Also r = AP =  î  3 ĵ  2 k̂ = | – 3 (– 21 – 15) – 7 (9 + 21)

 required moment = r × F + 5 (15 – 49) ]
= |108 – 210 – 170|
î ĵ k̂ = 272 Ans.[C]
1 3 2   
= =  2 î  6 ĵ  10 k̂ Ex.42 For any vector a , u = î × ( a × î ) + ĵ ×
2 4 2
 
( a × ĵ ) + k̂ × ( a × k̂ ) equals-
Ans.[B]
   
(A) 2 a (B) – 2 a (C) a (D) – a
       
Sol. a – ( î . a ) î + ( ĵ . ĵ ) a –
u = ( î . î ) Sol. Let the required vector r = b  t c
  
( ĵ . a ) ĵ +
( k̂ . k̂ ) a – ( k̂ . a ) k̂  r = (1 + t) î + (2 + t) ĵ – (1 + 2t) k̂
  
= a – a1 î + a – a2 ĵ + a – a3 k̂ 

 Also projection of r on a = 2/3
[ a = a1i + a2 ĵ + a3 k̂ (say)]  
   r. a
 u = 3a – a = 2a Ans.[A]  | a | = 2 / 3
    
Ex.43 Let a , b , c such that | a | = 1, | b | = 1 and
     2 (1  t )  2  t   1  2t  2
| c | = 2 and if a × ( a × c ) + b = 0 then  =
6 3
 
acute angle between a and c is -
 – t – 1 = 2
   t = – 3
(A) (B)
3 4 
  r =  2 î  ĵ  5 k̂ Ans.[C]
(C) (D) None of these
6
  a a2 1  a3
Sol. If angle between a and c is  then – 
Ex.45 If b b 2 1  b 3 = 0 and A = (1,a,a 2),
    2 3
a . c = | a | | c | cos  c c 1 c
= 1.2 cos  = 2 cos   2  2
B = (1, b, b ) and C = (1, c, c ) are non-
    coplanar vectors, then (abc) equals-
but a  (a  c )  b = 0
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) – 1 (D) 2
         
 (a . c ) a  (a . a ) c  b = 0
Sol. Since A , B , C are non-coplanar vector
  
 (2 cos  ) a – 1. c = – b
1 a a2
   2
 [(2 cos  ) a – c ]2 = [– b ] 2   = 1 b b 0
   1 c c2
 4 cos2  | a |2 – 2. (2 cos  ) a . c
  a a2 1  a3
+ | c |2 = | b | 2 2 3
Now b b 1  b = 0
 4 cos2  – 4 cos  (2 cos  ) + 4 = 1
c c 2 1 c 3
 
 4 (1 – cos2  ) = 1[  | a | = 1, | b | = 1]
 sin  = 1/2 a a2 1 a a 2 a3
2 2 3

 b b 1 + b b b = 0
  = Ans.[C] c c2 1 c c2 c 3
6
 
Ex.44 Let a = 2 î  ĵ  k̂ , b = î  2 ĵ  k̂ and 1 a a2
 2
 (abc +1) 1 b b = 0
c = î  ĵ = 2 k̂ be three vectors. A vector in
the plane of b and c whose projection on a 1 c c2

is 2 / 3 will be-  abc + 1 = 0 [    0]

 abc = – 1 Ans.[C]
(A) 2 î  3 ĵ  3 k̂ (B) 2 î  3 ĵ  3 k̂
Ex.46 A unit vector in xy- plane which makes 45º
(C)  2 î  ĵ  5 k̂ (D) 2 î  ĵ  5 k̂
angle with vector î  ĵ and 60º angle with
vector 3i – 4j will be-
  
(A) î (B) ( î  ĵ )/ 2 Ex.48 Let a = 2 î  ĵ  2 k̂ and b = î  ĵ if vector
     
(C) ( î  ĵ )/ 2 (D) None of these c is such that a . c = | c |, | c  a | = 2 2
and angle between (a × b) and c is the 30º
Sol. Let the required vector be r = x î  y ĵ   
then | (a  b)  c | is equal to -
 x 2 + y2 = 1 ...(1)
If given vectors be a and b respectively, then 2 3
as given (A) (B) (C) 2 (D) 3
3 2
      
r .a Sol. | c  a |2 = ( c  a ). ( c  a ) = (2 2 )2
cos 45º =    x = y = 1 ...(2)
| r | |a |    
 c 2 + a 2 – 2c .a = 8
   
r .b  c 2 + (4 + 1 + 4) – 2 c . a = 8
cos 60º =    6x – 8y = 5 ...(3)     
| r | |b |
 c 2 + 9 – 2 | c | = 8 [  a . c = | c |]
But (1), (2) and (3) do not hold together.  
Hence such a vector is not possible.  c2 – 2 | c| + 1 = 0
 
Ans.[D]  c 2 – 2c + 1 = 0
 
Ex.47 If v ectors a î  ĵ  k̂ , î  b ĵ  k̂ and  ( c – 1)2 = 0  c = 1
     
î  ĵ  c k̂ ( a  b  c  1) are coplanar, then | ( a × b ) × c | = | a × b | | c | sin 30º

1 1 1 1   1  
+ + equals- = 1× |a × b | = |a × b |
1 a 1 b 1 c 2 2
(A) 1 (B) 0
(C) – 1 (D) None of these î ĵ k̂
Sol. Since vectors are coplanar,   2 1 2
But a × b = = 2 î  2 ĵ  k̂
1 1 0
a 1 1
 
 1 b 1 = 0  |a × b| = 4  41 = 3
1 1 c
   3
a 1 1  | (a × b ) × c | = Ans.[B]
2
 1 a b  1 0 = 0
0 1 b c  1

[Using R2 – R1, R3 – R2]

 a(b – 1) (c – 1) – (1 – a)
{(c – 1) – (1 – b) ] = 0
 a (1 – b) (1 – c) + (1 – a) (1 – c)
+ (1– a) ( 1– b) = 0
 (a – 1 + 1) (1 – b) (1 – c) + (1 – a)
(1 – c) + (1 – a) (1 – b) = 0
 (1 – b) (1 – c) + (1 – a) (1 – c) +
(1 – a) (1 – b) = (1 – a) (1 – b) (1 – c)

1 1 1
 + + = 1 Ans.[A]
1 a 1 b 1 c