Fainos

OccO ledCantre cel pret acces

n-lie Om
fand
phettel Contenton
Chameligatan
pasinPoi
g) g,kkun Reseuatie,n lEg
accOs+CentUd
centenien phat(Optimazatn
tin
lcto
ading Eme some the
n antenken/uU
lCA)ight Csmà CSMA/CD
CSMAModimALOHA,Resounce- (Ea
Chactic photcel- accox -Radgn
DATE zo//2023
PNS
AGE
 PAGE No
DATE
’Randgm Accee Phetoce
Evekuyena is eaual
N chedulad, fime den
tX
tx
Cententien te send data

Erames qt
phslcal
by the laeh
hocailerand eing
AlOHA
ceupted L
doxthR mistek

sletted ALOAA

Loussion time 2 frome ti

Acbnswladqpmnt tm
(2x

200 kbps

frane
tannsien
S Phghpu
n
thanseted
 AGE

DATE

s G xe
whe G
Sma

Aslts ae nt dadatod . Channel is sletted in tining

teducod to te
. unealt tme

SMA
Casrieh Senle Multiple Acco

" Tnitiate prek ntD Channel and see ie thohe is an.

cignal in channel -AMT CONeA_ phalom are t-O
ha n vae

Reducea posiity af celisi Bn t nat elininate t

Cdue te prspagatien
t t
elelay
Betueon t and toC
Might se the channe a
Rree ancd transmit, loadirg
te icien
Rhepagatien dolay
Cmax
Sigal Vauer will Oe apt se
Can loe idontißied hile lastenine in the chanel
sheulcl. isten te
Listenig ushilo sending Send
thenami seian while cending Be ighal se it can iclantky
CUsio (abupt chonge wtheut kequiting acknauadg
-ements
 PAGE N

DATE

channel is
roastent 1
"1 koep chuchuig chen
nodes maght
Mutipe ngdos e Checkig
nc send at

and chack aqain.

Dheent tationu uait cilerant funes
P-pesistent Te chonnel is

Wait and Backst time

So linat wait tine will elprental ehaNigI

Undin heawy leoded system X

thrsghut ir very
O.01-polSEent
Centant csMA has high
Rhreapt
casi detectin
t hanl shile sonding
aupt changes ahe theColision
 PAGE No

DATE

Ceisiom dotecked bhanamSlign s

cn channe sayng ad:ted and
uhned
colisin ha

channel o it not aeundd madiun So

deutg may net happen an coisien
hlnChaa tna is voy small so oisien
dotected vehy Eay in tranmistan.

tho sendlah Can detet celsien. (Frame sizy >trre

-aMAlCDs sengitive to phapagaign fine
- Maximum tine tQqmihad te dltect CHsion ic
2xterp

n-1

Pnot suttet
Qach miniet tth
time 2tehp

Maximumutilisat'n fran X+ tprge +e)2tprae

X
distne
 PAGE No

DATE

Pmax 1

1
1 e t ) Rd

-Aleha & sAleha Qhe net sensitve pPrepagatisn

fime

CSMAlcA.
cellisi&n awidance

Wait , Moe Peliko

-KrS - Hequest te send (Sent On sendoh

CTS
NAV- netce alecoign vect
TES - inta-phame seaunca
netueHk - Centhalised CGmmicate uith leue
Willos
distriluted

Nodo, n
tranit ún ltueon NAV te hew Much tine they

edo
Commuication leteen 2 nedo ís Vnicakt in lap
2 ond 3 ut it is losadcast at phuysical a
it is than mitted fe ovoyn
 DATE

Cooteled Acesa Ptoces

RCAehvation
sLets Ret staticns

Qramas usil (aud te hgha dalay

Polling

Token asing

Channelizoion Prta
FDMA
Cere channel dividec fat dillerent nsda
Cannet UAe k l Bw a anly a eracten is aNailata
But chann is auaye aNaulae

TDMA

- access qiven in tond- nelin

slet
-wed in diytal tedaphany
FDMA TDMA Systema a Canbrah zed Qale staton
isten to auQroquancies time sets
FDD sany diis (&n duplex uink daunlink
(ot chan
 PAGE No.

DATE

31/5/23
GSm GPAS
2G)

COMAL
COe divisian multiple acce

- lased an spread spectm

FHSS Fhequens hepping Sphead spectun
Dioct seauence
-Evehuene' dat mutipied itth a peclic ade
dunamicaly alo catec te the ue
Can alaw al wers to send data simltaneulu

Evchysnes daka is sproad cwek Ehe full spectun

- CAdos should le Qithegonal to each athah
C.C2=O
WALSH Talte
W,: +11 ’ t1 -1 segd volue.
WN = Ww

WIRED LAN

phstoce

IEEE 023 Fhohnet

 Kyt1e Iit f bit (ast Multicast
irByte
O ortq Last Unicast
i) (au FFFF &sadcat addheu
in Detinalicn
ewehysne -toOh-e cat Broad
cat Multi
-ne te one- Unicast
ume
Seial Manulocuos
Addrosaing
Redundany
Check ylic CRC-
Fairne maximwn
tme tpoyt2ei 150oeytes inimun
46-46
Data
addess MAC
addx MACDetratin
at urth 1.0 atenate doimter, 1 as rt
lrame St SED
Eramo 802.3
 PAGE NO

DATE

Fach byte is Sent unt to-ot it ylt os

ineomaten o nicat/multiat is io last Dt
- Sent ond thon 4

Staodand Ethonnot

(he ame and Keaps silenca cleen't senc aiy

acknoutdqAiunt

TO MBA Boseband 500&m

Maimm

UTP - Coshieldad turisted paik cabe

Brudge - Sepakate traetc Lased an adólee

(Acs iko a lilte ay 2 daJ Lce
DeRs hepeitian and hecutructien also
913123
OIE - Data tomanatng equprsnt
Wieles LAN (ROz1)
802.11
Acosa pNt a centaised teewrce. Noclos havp te
egiste ith the access prt to We the sewiOs ce the
nekuek (Tiluasthuctuy)

egected naya can le certe

dostuctve
 No Centhalised neca foe cennechng anc
discennechng
CE MAC DistibutRd ce Otcumton Qunchon
PCE Pnt
CSMACA
0TES tma pahild- DCF Inte prome Seqyonce

Sercdon's data, tio necdod

contending RIS Las in the notk

Necghisun
siqnab sent duecty
Ihen nghl har RIS hoy ane sLont (do net
Send RTs) fer a tom dunaksn af Neterk Ascaten
Vect

Beacen eame - Cunthalizud centkeur wont dakinite

data. Ahe tell which node it i N ntenc bo emmiake

Used uhen AcCas pont cgnngnicates ath a nad

helaing unttheh neda's data)
aeqyaniea speciic uith fine TOD TMA-
slet baesiandauen Uses
l2cAP
lauehBaseland layn MAC
ayen Radie la-gnPhysical
Laus
statie oSet
anetthe pimahy
ken cemen seCenday
de 1
Scattexnat.
secenday the Gfheplae
one enES can which
secondahy upt7e lphimy
and Picone-
PAN) (5O(IEEE
2. Buotoeth
R*s/IS Temia
’ Hiddon
Peem Teunual ExpoAed
dato hanstd
Probom lehminal -Hiddan
Centtel
Nanagemant
yes Enne
DATE
PAGEN
 PAGE No

DATE

FHSS is wed aaaenq howe d

may hawe dito.
( constuctive/dosuctive
intulgrenu
sallanua depedin cn the Congping quan
time set

As numlen se secendaxier inchease ThMA -es

did mater-s\aweill uk in teundtQhin hin hi
Buteeth
Lsildl inoQAseS Ehe dalay. er Ceming io fhe ut ndo
Sco - Synchrene Cenectie ienked
Tine slts Maewed Slo Maateh nd slave
(Latena ii impekank
Reducas delay (lateny live thanr
NÍ ethermissien -MÍSfg
ACL - Asynhxeneu connectin
Retranmiss i

2 Oits 54 0
Acces cOde Heodot A sea4nce Data

Siniloy to praamte Addres FAS

3its
Tpe.
4its )
TUne synthreniaien Tetlock
4seterdari

bepeaked ttica Qe
Greh centel (rodundan
1 Rit is aNoial Ro FlA Cent
N=240_Sit
N= 99o t t
’1-slot name tine car

N2740 Qit G-sletame

Min /max data ate?

L2CAP - LC and Aaplaten phettcal

- hastipxing
-Sogmentaken and teasA emlly
ameg Pre pesple Ceected Cnukcast

Netuttk Devices
undertand
- Deices usnich connect dilaehent LANs shald
diflrot tuiagies and prats cal
- Dewice hich wk unth Laical addhe@Ase) (IP) is
autet It is eaiod to cnnoct to intesunot

- Pasie hul intoroce prswic pug &plee laalty

-Active hul hlpeated ahe phesent

hulr g Suttch
Ihteuigent hus

-Repeaten.
LAN
interpnet iE
paMer he cignal daes net same AN
Cont connict 2 LANS ny segmats
 wAN) íntonot
thnication
is ahethen ande Whds Reuter
Connected
to
te dota send tointerd stati i
a
'rae fhe Qm ing heach Algeuthm Theeho
Spprnng
dincty pluin
qgd lscan dwio idge,
with
heconlige teauihed
to e ntsheud Devices
elence
ce unaonhe
of staticn BhidIxanspakent
-e
laintended
t statta 3
2
Bridgrg
2
Cidgg
hecipient intended
Filen Repeaten
t
-BradaeFille
devia? (Lay
2
DATE
No
PAGE