Chapter 11 - Vibrations and Waves Test 13-14
Chapter 11 - Vibrations and Waves Test 13-14
Chapter 11 - Vibrations and Waves Test 13-14
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. A mass attached to a spring vibrates back and forth.
At maximum displacement, the spring force and the 5. If a pendulum is adjusted so that its frequency
a. velocity reach a maximum. changes from 10 Hz to 20 Hz, its period will
b. velocity reach zero. change from n seconds to
c. acceleration reach a maximum. a. n/4 seconds.
d. acceleration reach zero. b. n/2 seconds.
c. 2n seconds.
2. For a mass hanging from a spring, the maximum d. 4n seconds.
displacement the spring is stretched or compressed
from its equilibrium position is the system’s 6. One end of a taut rope is fixed to a post. What type
a. amplitude. of wave is produced if the free end is quickly raised
b. period. and lowered one time?
c. frequency. a. pulse wave
d. acceleration. b. periodic wave
c. sine wave
3. A pendulum swings through a total of 28°. If the d. longitudinal wave
displacement is equal on each side of the
equilibrium position, what is the amplitude of this 7. Suppose that two sound waves passing through the
vibration? (Disregard frictional forces acting on the same medium have different wavelengths. Which
pendulum.) of the following is most likely to be the reason for
a. 28 the differing wavelengths?
b. 14 a. the nature of the medium
b. differences in amplitude
c. 56
c. differences in frequency
d. 7.0
d. the type of wave
4. For a system in simple harmonic motion, which of 8. When a mechanical wave’s amplitude is tripled, the
the following is the time required to complete a energy the wave carries in a given time interval is
cycle of motion? increased by a factor of
a. amplitude a. 3.
b. period b. 6.
c. frequency c. 9.
d. revolution d. 18.
9. Which of the following types of interference will occur when the pulses in the figure above meet?
a. no interference c. destructive interference
b. constructive interference d. total interference
10. Which of the following types of interference will
occur when the pulses in the figure above meet? 11. Waves arriving at a fixed boundary are
a. no interference a. neither reflected nor inverted.
b. complete constructive interference b. reflected but not inverted.
c. partial interference c. reflected and inverted.
d. complete destructive interference d. inverted but not reflected.
12. How many nodes and antinodes are shown in the standing wave above?
a. four nodes and four antinodes c. four nodes and five antinodes
b. four nodes and three antinodes d. five nodes and four antinodes
The diagram above represents two pulse waves moving toward each other through a medium. The two waves will
exactly coincide when they reach point A. At point A, the amplitude of the combined waves will be
a. twice that of either wave alone.
b. the same as either wave alone.
c. half that of either wave alone.
d. zero.
22. When a wave on a rope strikes a free boundary, the c. not reflected.
wave is d. absorbed.
a. reflected and inverted.
b. reflected but not inverted.
23. A wave pattern on a stretched string appears to be 27. Two mechanical waves can occupy the same space
stationary. This wave pattern is an example of a at the same time because waves
a. longitudinal wave. a. are matter.
b. non-periodic wave. b. are displacements of matter.
c. pulse wave. c. do not cause interference patterns.
d. standing wave. d. cannot pass through one another.
24. A simple pendulum swings in simple harmonic 28. By what factor should the length of a simple
motion. At maximum displacement, pendulum be changed in order to triple the period
a. the acceleration reaches a maximum. of vibration?
b. the velocity reaches a maximum. a. 3
c. the acceleration reaches zero. b. 6
d. the restoring force reaches zero. c. 9
d. 27
25. One end of a taut rope is fixed to a post. What type
of wave is produced if the free end is quickly raised 29. When a mechanical wave’s amplitude is reduced by
and lowered one time? half, the energy the wave carries in a given time
a. pulse wave interval is
b. periodic wave a. doubled.
c. sine wave b. increased by a factor of 1.4.
d. longitudinal wave c. decreased to one-half.
d. decreased to one-fourth.
26. When a mechanical wave’s amplitude is tripled, the
energy the wave carries in a given time interval is 30. A 2.0 m long stretched rope is fixed at both ends.
increased by a factor of Which wavelength would not produce standing
a. 3 waves on this rope?
b. 6 a. 2.0 m
c. 9 b. 3.0 m
d. 18 c. 4.0
d. 6.0 m
Short Answer
1. Simple harmonic motion is vibration about an
equilibrium position in which a(n) 4. What is the difference between a pulse wave and a
____________________ force is proportional to periodic wave?
the displacement from equilibrium.
5. A standing wave is produced by plucking a string.
2. In a mechanical wave, what is the relationship The points along the plucked string that appear not
between the energy and the wave’s amplitude? to be vibrating are produced by _____________
interference.
3. A certain string that is 1.0 m long vibrates with a
standing wave that has a wavelength of 2.0 m. How
many nodes and antinodes will appear on the
vibrating string?
Problem
1. An amusement park ride has a frequency of 0.064 3. Bats chirp at high frequencies that humans cannot
Hz. What is the ride’s period? hear. They use the echoes to detect objects, such as
insects, that are as small as one wavelength. If a bat
2. On the planet Xenos, an astronaut observes that a emits a chirp at a frequency of 45.4 kHz and the
1.88 m long pendulum has a period of 1.85 s. What speed of sound waves in air is 340 m/s, what is the
is the free-fall acceleration on Xenos? size in millimeters of the smallest insect that the bat
can detect?
4. Vibration of a certain frequency produces a
standing wave on a stretched string that is 1.6 m
long. The standing wave has 7 nodes and 5
antinodes. What is the wavelength of the wave that
produces this standing wave?
MULTIPLE CHOICE
SHORT ANSWER
1. ANS:
restoring
PROBLEM
1. ANS:
16 s
Given
f = 0.064 Hz
Solution
Given
L = 1.88 m
T = 1.85 s
Solution
Solution
Given
L = 1.6 m
The standing wave has 5 antinodes, i.e., 5 loops.
Solution
A single loop (antinode) is produced by a wavelength equal to 2L. Two loops (one complete wavelength) are
produced by a wavelength of L. A wavelength of 2/3 L results in 3 antinodes. The following pattern emerges.
1 loop = 2L/1 = 2L
2 loops = 2L/2 = L
3 loops = 2L/3 = 2/3 L
4 loops = 2L/4 = 1/2 L
5 loops = 2L/5 = 2/5 L
therefore,