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    E C M Notes 15 16 Rev

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    Hao Zhu
    This document discusses the key differences between elements, compounds, and mixtures. It defines elements as the simplest and purest form of matter that cannot be broken down further. Compounds are formed when two or more elements chemically combine, and mixtures are physical combinations of substances that can be separated using physical means. The document outlines properties as characteristics used to distinguish one substance from another, including physical properties like color and melting point, and chemical properties involving chemical reactions.

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    E C M Notes 15 16 Rev

    Uploaded by

    Hao Zhu
    25 views1 page
    This document discusses the key differences between elements, compounds, and mixtures. It defines elements as the simplest and purest form of matter that cannot be broken down further. Compounds are formed when two or more elements chemically combine, and mixtures are physical combinations of substances that can be separated using physical means. The document outlines properties as characteristics used to distinguish one substance from another, including physical properties like color and melting point, and chemical properties involving chemical reactions.

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    This document discusses the key differences between elements, compounds, and mixtures. It defines elements as the simplest and purest form of matter that cannot be broken down further. Compounds are formed when two or more elements chemically combine, and mixtures are physical combinations of substances that can be separated using physical means. The document outlines properties as characteristics used to distinguish one substance from another, including physical properties like color and melting point, and chemical properties involving chemical reactions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    25 views1 page

    E C M Notes 15 16 Rev

    Uploaded by

    Hao Zhu
    This document discusses the key differences between elements, compounds, and mixtures. It defines elements as the simplest and purest form of matter that cannot be broken down further. Compounds are formed when two or more elements chemically combine, and mixtures are physical combinations of substances that can be separated using physical means. The document outlines properties as characteristics used to distinguish one substance from another, including physical properties like color and melting point, and chemical properties involving chemical reactions.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    of 1

    Name: _________________________ Date: ________ Per: ________

    Properties and Interactions of Matter


    Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures Notes

    Matter is the material of the universe and can be defined as anything that has mass and takes up space.
    Most of the matter around us consists of mixtures of many substances. Soil, air, and wood are all mixtures.
    Mixtures can be separated into pure substances by physical methods. A pure substance is one with uniform and
    definite compositions. Pure substances can be divided into two groups – elements and compounds.

    Elements are the simplest forms of matter and therefore cannot be broken down into simpler substances by any
    chemical or physical means. Elements are the building blocks for all other substances. Some examples of
    elements include hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, and sulfur. Elements can combine with other elements to form
    compounds.

    Compounds are substances composed of two or more elements chemically combined that can be separated into
    simpler substances only by chemical means. Water, for example, is a compound because pure water is
    composed of only H2O molecules. Each molecule of water is a chemical combination of two hydrogen atoms
    and one oxygen atom. Water can be decomposed into its elements only by chemical means.

    Characteristics that allow you to distinguish one kind of matter from another are called properties.

    A physical property is can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance. Physical
    properties can help identify a substance. Some examples of physical properties are color, solubility, odor,
    magnetism, density, melting point, and hardness.

    A chemical property is the ability of a substance to undergo chemical reactions and form new substances.
    Chemical properties can also help identify a substance. Some examples of chemical properties are the ability to
    rust, corrode, decompose, burn, or react.

    Mixtures are simply a physical combination of two or more substances. They can be separated based only by
    physical means, or by undergoing physical changes.

    A physical change alters a substance without changing its composition. For example, the melting of ice, the
    freezing of water, the evaporation of water, or the bending of a piece of metal are all physical changes which do
    not change the identity of the substance. Physical separation techniques – such as filtration, evaporation, or
    distillation – are ways to separate a mixture into its component parts. The properties of each part before mixing
    and after separation will not change. For example, salt can be recovered from salt water by evaporating the
    water. The water can then be recovered by condensing the water vapor back into liquid water.

    Compounds, on the other hand, are chemical combinations of two or more elements. Compounds can be made
    or separated based on chemical properties, or by undergoing chemical changes.

    A chemical change, sometimes called a chemical reaction, is one in which a given substance becomes a new
    substance or substances with different properties and different composition. For example, the burning of leaves,
    the baking of bread, and the rusting of iron are all chemical changes in which the original substance has changed
    to a completely different substance with different properties and a different chemical composition. The original
    substance cannot be recovered easily (except perhaps by another chemical change). For example, imagine the
    burning of sugar, which is combing with oxygen. The resulting product is very different than the starting
    material and the original sugar cannot be recovered.

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