Group 3 Swing Device: 1. Structure
Group 3 Swing Device: 1. Structure
1. STRUCTURE
Swing device consists swing motor, swing reduction gear.
Swing motor include mechanical parking valve, relief valve, make up valve and time delay valve.
SGr AGr
Port Port name Port size
Sh
A Main port PF 3/4
B Main port PF 3/4
Pg
Dr2 Drain port PF 3/8
Au
Mu Make up port PF 1
Sh Brake release port PF 1/4
Dr2
Pg Stand by port PF 1/4
A Mu B
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1) SWING MOTOR
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 30 31 32 33 34 42 43
3
16
2
17 36
1
41
18
40
39
38
29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 37 36 35 17,18
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2) REDUCTION GEAR
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
12
13
14
15
20
21
22
16
19 18 17 28 27 26 25 24 23
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2. FUNCTION
1) ROTARY PART
When high pressurized oil enters a cylinder through port(a), which is the inlet of balance plate(1),
hydraulic pressure acting on the piston causes axial force F. The pressure force F works via the
piston(2) upon the return plate(3) which acts upon the swash plate(4) via an hydrostatic bearing.
Force F1 perpendicular to swash plate(4) and force F2 perpendicular to cylinder center.
Being transferred to the cylinder block(5) through piston, force F2 causes rotational moment at
surroundings of cylinder.
Since cylinder block has 9 equidistantly arrayed pistons, rotational torque is transmitted to cylinder
shaft in order by several pistons connected to the inlet port of high pressurized oil. When the
direction of oil flow is reversed, rotational direction of cylinder is also reversed. Output torque is
given by the equation.
pźq F
T= , q = ZşAşPCDştanҋ, F1 = , F2=F tanҋ, S=PCDźtanҋ
2० COSҋ
Where p : Pressure effective difference(kgf/cm2)
q : Displacement(cc/rev)
T : Output torque(kgfşcm)
Z : Piston number(9EA)
A : Piston area(cm2)
ҋ: Tilting angle of swash plate(degree)
S : Piston stroke(cm)
S
θ
F1 F2
F
4 3 2 5 1
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2) MAKE UP VALVE
In the system using this type of motor, there is no counter balance functioning valve and there
happens the case of revolution exceeding hydraulic supply of motor. To prevent the cavitation
caused by insufficient oil flow there is a make up valve to fill up the oil insufficiency.
A make up valve is provided immediately before the port leading to the hydraulic oil tank to secure
feed pressure required when the hydraulic motor makes a pumping action. The boost pressure
acts on the hydraulic motor's feed port via the make up valve.
Pressurized oil into the port B, the motor rotate counterclockwise.
If the plunger of MCV moves neutral position, the oil in the motor is drain via left relief valve, the
drain oil run into motor via right make up valve, which prevent the cavitation of motor.
A B
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3) RELIEF VALVE
5 1 Body
11
2 Seat
3 Plunger
6 10
4 Spring
5 Adjusting screw
9 7
6 Piston
8 7 Bushing
3
8 Spring seat
12 9 Shim
10 O-ring
11 Back up ring
1
12 O-ring
3
P1
T
1
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ڸPorts(P,R) at tank pressure.
A2 m h n g
A1
P
ڹWhen hydraulic oil pressure(PźA1) reaches the preset force(FSP) of spring(4), the plunger(3)
moves to the right as shown.
P1źA1=Fsp+PgźA2
Fsp+PgźA2
P1 =
A1
4 g
P=P1
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ںThe oil flow chamber g via orifice m and n. When the pressure of chamber g reaches the preset
force(FSP) of spring(4), the piston(6) moves left and stop the piston(6) hits the bottom of
bushing(7).
4 m n g
P=P2
ڻWhen piston(6) hits the bottom of bushing(7), it stops moving to the left any further. As the
result, the pressure in chamber(g) equals(Ps).
PsźA1=Fsp+PsźA2
Fsp
Ps =
A1-A2
P=Ps
7 6 g
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4) BRAKE SYSTEM
(1) Control valve swing brake system
This is the brake system to stop the swing motion of the excavator during operation.
In this system, the hydraulic circuit is throttled by the swing control valve, and the resistance
created by this throttling works as a brake force to slow down the swing motion.
A B A B A B
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ڹOperating principle
a. When the swing control lever(1) is set to the swing position, the pilot oil go to the swing control
valve(2) and to Sh of the time delay valve(3) via the shuttle valve(4), this pressure move
spool(5) to the leftward against the force of the spring(8), so pilot pump charged oil(P3) goes to
the chamber G.
This pressure is applied to move the piston(6) to the upward against the force of the spring(9).
Thus, it releases the brake force.
3 10 7
9 11
G
6
D
8
5
Pg Sh
1
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b. Meantime, the oil pressure of port D balance with the preset force of spring(11), the pressure of
chamber G keeps constant pressure.
3 10 7
9 11
G
6
D
8
5
Pg Sh
1
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c. When the swing control(1) lever is set the neutral position, the spool(5) returns right in the time
delay valve(3).
Then, the piston(6) is moved lower by spring force and the return oil from the chamber G flows
back to D-port through orifice(10) of the poppet(7).
At this time, the poppet(7) works to make a time lag for 5 seconds.
3 10 7
9 11
G
6
D
8
5
Pg Sh
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