GROUP 3 SWING DEVICE

1. STRUCTURE
Swing device consists swing motor, swing reduction gear.
Swing motor include mechanical parking valve, relief valve, make up valve and time delay valve.

Time delay valve Mu Au SH PG PB

Oil gauge port

GA B Dr A GB

SH
PG
Port Port name Port size
Au A Main port PF 3/4
B Main port PF 3/4
Dr Drain port PF 3/8
Dr
Mu Make up port PF 1
GB GA SH Brake release port PF 1/4
PG Stand by port PF 1/4
GA, GB Gage port PF 1/4
B Mu A
Au Air bleed port PF 1/4
Hydraulic circuit
11072SM01

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1) SWING MOTOR

11072SM02

1 Body 16 Brake piston 31 Check

2 Oil seal 17 O-ring 32 Relief valve assy
3 Roll bearing 18 O-ring 33 Reactionless valve assy
4 Snap ring 19 Spring 34 Time delay valve assy
5 Shaft 20 Rear cover 35 Wrench bolt
6 Bushing 21 Needle bearing 36 Plug
7 Pin 22 Pin 37 O-ring
8 Shoe plate 23 Valve plate 38 Plug
9 Cylinder block 24 O-ring 39 Plug
10 Spring 25 O-ring 40 Level gauge
11 Ball guide 26 Wrench bolt 41 Flange
12 Set plate 27 Plug 42 O-ring
13 Piston assy 28 Back up ring 43 Name plate
14 Friction plate 29 O-ring 44 Rivet
15 Plate 30 Spring

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2) REDUCTION GEAR

2 26 27 28 17 1 22 20 21 18 25 8 12 4 10 23 3 19

6
12
11
29
24

7
5
13
9
16

11072SM03

1 Casing 10 Pin No.2 assembly 21 Plug(B)

2 Drive shaft 11 Pin No.1 22 Plug(A)
3 Ring gear 12 Thrust washer(B) 23 Spring pin
4 Planet gear No.2 13 Thrust washer(A) 24 Stop ring
5 Sun gear No.2 16 Knock pin 25 Stop ring
6 Planet gear No.1 17 Sph roller bearing 26 Spacer
7 Sun gear No.1 18 Cyl roller bearing 27 Cover plate
8 Carrier No.2 19 Bolt 28 Bolt
9 Carrier No.1 20 Oil seal 29 Needle cage

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2. FUNCTION
1) ROTARY PART
When high pressurized oil enters a cylinder through port(a), which is the inlet of balance plate(1),
hydraulic pressure acting on the piston causes axial force F. The pressure force F works via the
piston(2) upon the return plate(3) which acts upon the swash plate(4) via an hydrostatic bearing.
Force F1 perpendicular to swash plate(4) and force F2 perpendicular to cylinder center.
Being transferred to the cylinder block(5) through piston, force F2 causes rotational moment at
surroundings of cylinder.
Since cylinder block has 9 equidistantly arrayed pistons, rotational torque is transmitted to cylinder
shaft in order by several pistons connected to the inlet port of high pressurized oil. When the
direction of oil flow is reversed, rotational direction of cylinder is also reversed. Output torque is
given by the equation.
pÝq F
T= , q=ZÂAÂPCDÂtanɾ, F1 = , F2=F tanɾ, S=PCDÝtanɾ
2ӕ COSɾ
Where p : Effective difference of pressure(kgf/cm2)
q : Displacement(cc/rev)
T : Output torque(kgfÂcm)
Z : Piston number(9EA)
A : Piston area(cm2)
ɾ: Tilting angle of swash plate(degree)
S : Piston stroke(cm)
PCD

ɾ S
F2
F1
F

a a Low
High High pressure oil
pressure oil pressure oil

4 3 2 5 1
R140LC-7 ‫׆‬೴2-46

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2) MAKE UP VALVE
In the system using this type of motor, there is no counter balance functioning valve and there
happens the case of revolution exceeding hydraulic supply of motor. To prevent the cavitation
caused by insufficient oil flow there is a make up valve to fill up the oil insufficiency.
A make up valve is provided immediately before the port leading to the hydraulic oil tank to secure
feed pressure required when the hydraulic motor makes a pumping action. The boost pressure
acts on the hydraulic motor's feed port via the make up valve.
Pressurized oil into the port B, the motor rotate counterclockwise.
If the plunger of MCV moves neutral position, the oil in the motor is drain via left relief valve, the
drain oil run into motor via right make up valve, which prevent the cavitation of motor.

A B

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3) RELIEF VALVE

1 Body
5 11
2 Seat
3 Plunger
6 10
4 Spring
5 Adjusting screw
9 7
6 Piston
8 7 Bushing
3 8 Spring seat
12 9 Shim
10 O-ring
11 Back up ring
1
12 O-ring

(1) Construction of relief valve

The valve casing contains two cartridge type relief valves that stop the regular and reverse
rotations of the hydraulic motor. The relief valves relieve high pressure at start or at stop of swing
motion and can control the relief pressure in two steps, high and low, in order to insure smooth
operation.

(2) Function of relief valve

Figure illustrates how the pressure acting
on the relief valve is related to its rising P P=pressure, T=time
process. Here is given the function, Ps
referring to the figure following page.
4
P2

3
P1

T
1
R140LC-7 ‫׆‬೴2-48(2)

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Η Ports (P,R) at tank pressure.

A2 m h n g

A1
P

R140LC-7 ‫׆‬೴2-49

Θ When hydraulic oil pressure(PÝA1) reaches the preset force(FSP) of spring(4), the plunger(3)
moves to the right as shown.
P1ÝA1=Fsp+PgÝA2

Fsp+PgÝA2
P1=
A1

4 g

P=P1

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Ι The oil flow chamber g via orifice m and n. When the pressure of chamber g reaches the preset
force(FSP) of spring(4), the piston(6) moves left and stop the piston(6) hits the bottom of bushing(7).

4 m n g

P=P2

R140LC-7 ‫׆‬೴2-49

Κ When piston(6) hits the bottom of bushing(7), it stops moving to the left any further. As the
result, the pressure in chamber(g) equals(Ps).
PsÝA1=Fsp+PsÝA2
Fsp
Ps=
A1-A2

P=Ps

7 6 g

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4) BRAKE SYSTEM
(1) Control valve swing brake system
This is the brake system to stop the swing motion of the excavator during operation.
In this system, the hydraulic circuit is throttled by the swing control valve, and the resistance
created by this throttling works as a brake force to slow down the swing motion.

Work Deceleration Stop

A B A B A B

MCV MCV MCV

MCV A, B opened MCV A, B throttled MCV A, B closed

R140LC-7 ‫׆‬೴2-48(1)

(2) Mechanical swing parking brake system

The mechanical swing parking brake system is installed to prevent the upper structure from
swinging downhill because of its own weight when the excavator is parked on a slope since it
completely eliminates the hydraulic drift of swing motion while the excavator is on a slop, work can
be done more easily and safely.

Η Brake assembly
Circumferential rotation of separate
plate(14) is constrained by the groove
located at body(1). When housing is
pressed down by brake spring(19)
through lining plate(15), separate 19
plate(14) and brake piston(16), friction
force occurs there. 16
Cylinder(9) is constrained by this friction 14
force and brake acts, while brake
15
releases when hydraulic force exceeds Groove
9
spring force.
1
11072SM05

1 Body 15 Lining plate

9 Cylinder 16 Brake piston
14 Separate plate 19 Spring

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Θ Operating principle
a. When the swing control lever(1) is set to the swing position, the pilot oil go to the swing control
valve(2) and to Sh of the time delay valve(3) via the shuttle valve(4), this pressure move spool(5)
to the leftward against the force of the spring(8), so pilot pump charged oil(P3) goes to the
chamber G.
This pressure is applied to move the piston(6) to the upward against the force of the spring(7).
Thus, it releases the brake force.

5
7
G SH
6
8

1 Swing control lever

2 Swing control valve(MCV) 9
3 Time delay valve P3
4 Shuttle valve
5 Spool
6 Piston 2 2
7 Brake spring 4
8 Spring
9 Pilot pump
11072SM06

2-51
 b. Meantime, the oil pressure of port D balance with the preset force of spring(7), the pressure of
chamber G keeps constant pressure.

5
7
G SH
6
8

1 Swing control lever

2 Swing control valve(MCV)
3 Time delay valve 9
4 Shuttle valve P3
5 Spool
6 Piston
7 Brake spring 2 2
8 Spring 4
9 Pilot pump
11072SM07

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 c. When the swing control(1) lever is set the neutral position, the spool(5) returns right in the time
delay valve(3).
Then, the piston(6) is moved lower by spring force and the return oil from the chamber G flows
back to tank.
At this time, the poppet works to make a time lag for 5 seconds.

5
7
G SH
6
8

1 Swing control lever

2 Swing control valve(MCV)
3 Time delay valve
4 Shuttle valve
5 Spool 9
6 Piston
P3
7 Poppet
8 Spring
9 Spring 2 2
10 Orifice 4
11 Spring
12 Pilot pump
11072SM07

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