Solar PV System

APPLIANCE QUANTITY WATTAGE TOTAL OPERTING ENERGY
LOAD HOURTS (WATT-

HOURS)
2 FT LED 2 12 24 2 48
LIGHT
4 FT LED 6 20 120 10 1200
LIGHT
BLDC 2 28 56 12 672
CEILING
FAN
NORMAL 4 75 300 12 360
CEILING
FAN
300L 1 145 145 12 1740
FRIDGE
48 INCH 1 89 89 3 267
LED TV
Total appliance use:4287 Wh/day

Total PV panel energy needed:4287*1.3=5572 Wh/day
Panel generation factor for India=5.56
Total Wp(peak watt) of PV panel capacity
needed=5572/5.56=1002.16 Wp
SIZE OF THE PV PANEL
Number of PV panels needed=1002.16/325=3.086
Actual requirement=4 modules
So this system should be powered by at least 4 modules of
325 Wp PV module.
INVERTER SIZING
Total Watt of all appliances =369 W
For safety, the inverter should be considered 25-30%
bigger size.
The inverter size should be about 480 W or greater
Battery sizing
Total appliances use = 4287
Nominal battery voltage = 12 V
Days of autonomy = 3 days
Battery capacity = 4287x 3/(0.85*0.6*12)

Total Ampere-hours required 1400Ah
So the battery should be rated 12 V 1400 Ah for 2 day
autonomy.
5. Solar charge controller sizing

PV module specification
Pm = 110 Wp
Vm = 16.7 Vdc
Im = 6.6 A
Voc = 20.7 A
Isc = 7.5 A
Solar charge controller rating = (4 strings x 7.5 A) x 1.3 = 39
A
So the solar charge controller
should be rated 40 A at 12 V or greater.

COSTING
Cost of arrays=No of PV modules x cost/module
=4x10,105=40,420
Cost of arrays= Rs.40,420
Cost of batteries = No. of Batteries × Cost/Module =2 ×
7,850 = Rs. 15,700(12 V 800Ah)
Cost of Inverter = No. of inverters × Cost/Inverter = 1x9336 =
Rs.9336 (500W)
Total cost of system = A + B + C =40,420+15,700 +9,336=
Rs.65,456 [Additional cost of wiring may be taken as 5% of
total system cost]
Solar PV system sizing

1. Determine power consumption demands
The first step in designing a solar PV system is to find
out the total power and energy consumption of all loads
that need to be supplied by the solar PV system as
follows:
1.1 Calculate total Watt-hours per day for each
appliance used.
Add the Watt-hours needed for all appliances
together to get the total Watt-hours per day which
must be delivered to the appliances.
1.2 Calculate total Watt-hours per day needed

from the PV modules.
Multiply the total appliances Watt-hours per day
times 1.3 (the energy lost in the system) to get
the total Watt-hours per day which must be
provided by the panels.
2. Size the PV modules
Different size of PV modules will produce different
amount of power. To find out the sizing of PV module,
the total peak watt produced needs. The peak watt (Wp)
produced depends on size of the PV module and climate
of site location. We have to consider �panel generation
factor� which is different in each site location. For
Thailand, the panel generation factor is 3.43. To
determine the sizing of PV modules, calculate as
follows:
2.1 Calculate the total Watt-peak rating needed
for PV modules
Divide the total Watt-hours per day needed from
the PV modules (from item 1.2) by 3.43 to get
the total Watt-peak rating needed for the PV
panels needed to operate the appliances.
2.2 Calculate the number of PV panels for the
system
Divide the answer obtained in item 2.1 by the
rated output Watt-peak of the PV modules available
to you. Increase any fractional part of result to the
next highest full number and that will be the
number of PV modules required.
Result of the calculation is the minimum number of PV
panels. If more PV modules are installed, the system will
perform better and battery life will be improved. If fewer
PV modules are used, the system may not work at all
during cloudy periods and battery life will be shortened.
3. Inverter sizing
An inverter is used in the system where AC power
output is needed. The input rating of the inverter should
never be lower than the total watt of appliances. The
inverter must have the same nominal voltage as your
battery.
For stand-alone systems, the inverter must be large
enough to handle the total amount of Watts you will be
using at one time. The inverter size should be 25-30%
bigger than total Watts of appliances. In case of
appliance type is motor or compressor then inverter size
should be minimum 3 times the capacity of those
appliances and must be added to the inverter capacity to
handle surge current during starting.
For grid tie systems or grid connected systems, the
input rating of the inverter should be same as PV array
rating to allow for safe and efficient operation.
4. Battery sizing
The battery type recommended for using in solar PV
system is deep cycle battery. Deep cycle battery is
specifically designed for to be discharged to low energy
level and rapid recharged or cycle charged and
discharged day after day for years. The battery should
be large enough to store sufficient energy to operate the
appliances at night and cloudy days. To find out the size
of battery, calculate as follows:
4.1 Calculate total Watt-hours per day used by
appliances.
4.2 Divide the total Watt-hours per day used by 0.85
for battery loss.
4.3 Divide the answer obtained in item 4.2 by 0.6 for
depth of discharge.
4.4 Divide the answer obtained in item 4.3 by the
nominal battery voltage.
4.5 Multiply the answer obtained in item 4.4 with days
of autonomy (the number of days that you
need the system to operate when there is no
power produced by PV panels) to get the required
Ampere-hour capacity of deep-cycle battery.
Battery Capacity (Ah) = Total Watt-hours per day used
by appliances x Days of autonomy
(0.85 x 0.6 x nominal battery voltage)
5. Solar charge controller sizing
The solar charge controller is typically rated against
Amperage and Voltage capacities. Select the solar
charge controller to match the voltage of PV array and
batteries and then identify which type of solar charge
controller is right for your application. Make sure that
solar charge controller has enough capacity to handle
the current from PV array.
For the series charge controller type, the sizing of
controller depends on the total PV input current which is
delivered to the controller and also depends on PV
panel configuration (series or parallel configuration).
According to standard practice, the sizing of solar
charge controller is to take the short circuit current (Isc)
of the PV array, and multiply it by 1.3
Solar charge controller rating = Total short circuit current
of PV array x 1.3

Solar PV System

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Solar PV System

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Solar PV System

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

APPLIANCE QUANTITY WATTAGE TOTAL OPERTING ENERGY

LOAD HOURTS (WATT-

Total appliance use:4287 Wh/day

Battery capacity = 4287x 3/(0.850.612)

5. Solar charge controller sizing

should be rated 40 A at 12 V or greater.

Solar PV system sizing

1.2 Calculate total Watt-hours per day needed

You might also like