PROJECT

REPORT ON: “SAFETY CULTURES ADPOTED BY RASHMI METALIKS

TOWARDS LABOUR’S ACCIDENTS”

REPORT SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULLFILLMENT OF

REQUIREMENT FOR THE DEGREE OF
MASTER OF BUSSINESS ADMINISTRATION
DURING THE YEAR 2022-2023
SUBMITTED BY:
AMAN KUMAR RAY
UNIVERSITY ROLL NUMBER - VU/PG/22/09/04-IS-0055
REGISTRATION NUMBER- VP221000157

UNDER GUIDANCE:
“PRADYUMNA KUMAR PATRA SIR”
“KAUSHIK KUMAR AUSH SIR”
“TARAK NATH SAHU SIR”

VIDYASAGAR UNIVERSITY
 BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

This is certify that the project work entitle “SAFETY CULTURES

ADPOTED BY RASHMI METALIKS TOWARDS LABOUR’S
ACCIDENTS” is the Bona fide record of work done by AMAN KIUMAR
RAY (REG.NO: VP221000157), Who carried out the research under my
knowledge the work reported here in does not form part of any other project or
dissertation on this or any other candidate.

KAUSHIK KUMAR AUSH PRADYUMNA KUMAR PATRA

Project Guide Project Guide

Internal Examiner External Examiner

 DECLARATION

I undersigned hereby declares that the project titled “SAFETY CULTURES

ADPOTED BY RASHMI METALIKS TOWARDS LABOUR’S ACCIDENTS” is
executed as per the course requirement of two years full time of M.B.A program
of VIDYASAGAR UNIVERSITY. This report has not submitted by me or any
other person to any other university or institution. This is my own and original
work.

Aman Kumar Ray

MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
VIDYASAGAR UNIVERSITY
MIDNAPORE-721102, WEST BENGAL
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I feel privileged to take this opportunity to express my since my sincere

gratitude to my project guide Mr. Pradyumna Kumar Patra (Asst. General
Manager) and Kaushik Kumar Aush (Manager), who continuous
encouragement has enabled me to undertake this course. They have been a
constant source of inspiration and guidance and always helped me in
preparing for this project.

I’m indebted to my guide Mr. Pradyumna Kumar Patra, who guidance and
support in giving a direction to this project, have been invaluable.

I also extend my gratitude to Dr. Tarak Nath Sahu for offering valuable
literature on my topic and enriching my project work.

Dt: AMAN KUMAR RAY

 PREFACE

Today we are at the doorstep of 21st Century, Competition at the various levels
is increasing day by day. New and new developments are taking place and these
days in all fields all over India to make the life of the people more comfortable
a luxurious.

Those in order to survive in market on should practical as well as theoretical

knowledge about all different fields existing market. In today's competitive
world edges is more significant than theoretical knowledge. Today practical
training and knowledge also plays an important role.

This internship brings its students in direct contact with the real corporate
World thorough industrial training. The MBA programmes provides its students
with an in depth study of various managerial activities that are performed in any
organization.
 TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER NO. TITLE OF THE CHAPTER
Declaration
Acknowledgement
Preface
Overview of the industry
Abstract
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Introduction
Chapter 2 Company Profile
2.1 About Industry
2.2 Industry products
Chapter 3 Background
3.1 Disease at construction sites
3.2 Objectives of the Studies
3.3 Limitations
Chapter 4 Literature Review
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Various Techniques
4.3 Relevance of the review
4.4 Literature review
4.5 Conclusion
Chapter 5 The Employee’s Compensation Act
5.1 Objectives
5.2 Applicability
5.3 Who can claim this
 5.4 Benefits of this Act
5.5 Types of Disablement
Chapter 6 Safety culture towards RML labour
accidents
6.1 What is PPE?
6.2 Safety Tips
6.3 Worst-case Scenario
6.4 Human Cause of Accidents
6.5 Measures to ensure Industrial
Safety in RML
Chapter 7 Death case in RML
7.1 Death case
Chapter 8 Research Methodology
8.1 Title of the Research
8.2 Duration of the Research
8.3 Rationale of the Research
8.4 Scope & Coverage of research
8.5 Objectives of the Research
8.6 Research of sign
8.7 Source of information
8.8 Sampling Decisions
8.9 Data collection, Analysis &
interpretation
8.10 Significance of the proposed
Research study
8.11 Limitation of the proposed
Research Study
Chapter 9 Data Analysis & Interpretation
Chapter 10 Finding suggestion & Conclusion
10.1 Findings
10.2 Recommendation/suggestion
10.3 Conclusion
Bibliography
Webliography
Questionnaire
OVERVIEW OF THE INDUSTRY AS A RESHMI
METALICKS LIMITED -

WELCOME TO RASHMI GROUP

Rashmi Group is one of the fastest growing Business Conglomerates in the eastern region of
India, pioneer in manufacturing of integrated Iron & Steel Products, Cement, Power and
Ferro Alloys. Led by Mr. Sajjan Kumar Patwari and his three sons Mr Sunil Kumar Patwari,
Mr. Sanjib Kumar Patwari and Mr Sanjay Kumar Patwari, the group has its corporate office
at Kolkata, and factories located at Kharagpur and Jhargram respectively.
It has a 2.5 MTPA state of art Integrated Iron & Steel manufacturing facility which comprises
of products like - Pellet, Sinter, Pig Iron, Sponge Iron, Ductile Iron Pipe, Billet, TMT & Wire
Rod and 1.0 MTPA of Cement manufacturing facility. Product range of the Group also
includes Ferro Alloys and 250 MW of Captive Power Generation Plant. Group has expertise
in providing specialized services in dredging and land reclamation works of complex nature.
It also specializes in technical products like PCs, Laptops and Netbook under an established
Brand "REACH" with its Company - Reach Infocom.
A long with its inherent strength the Group also enjoys a highly respectable and credible
Category 'A' external rating from CRISIL. Over last decade, the group turnover has reached a
level of around Rs. 8,500 Crore and it has built a Net worth of Rs. 5,000 Crore. An amount of
around Rs. 2,800 Crore has been invested in the manufacturing facilities and the group is the
only debt free steel conglomerate in the Eastern India. Rashmi Group has been awarded 'Ultra
Mega Project' status by Govt. of West Bengal. Along with the products manufactured and the
services offered, the group is also engaged in import and export of Mineral & Mineral based
products.
Rashmi Group has exhibited outstanding growth over last few years wherein it has been able
to capture the attention of financial institutions including banks, professionals and industry as
a whole. At present the group employs around 9000 person and is going to create fresh
employment opportunity for another 4000 person, belonging from the backward and rural
areas of the state, in course of implementing of its proposed expansion
Abstract
The research aims to examine the safety culture adopted by RML towards
labour accidents. The objective of this research is to explore the current state of
the safety culture adopted by industries and to identify the factors that influence
the safety culture in industries. The research methodology will follow a
qualitative approach, involving a literature review and semi-structured
interviews with industry experts and professionals. The study will focus on
industries across diverse sectors and geographical regions. The findings of the
research will contribute to the understanding of the safety culture adopted by
RML towards reducing labour accidents and promoting a safe working
environment. The study will also provide suggestions for improving the safety
culture in RML to prevent labour accidents.
As the construction industry is carried out in hazardous environments, it
experiences accidents in different levels of severity, some causing minor and
major injuries with even some resulting in fatality. In addition to the human cost
involved, it also causes bad publicity to the profession. Worldwide, authorities
have tightened up safety standards, which have enhanced the performance in
construction sites. However, accidents are still happening and there is a need for
further research on this important subject. From construction organization’s
point of view, accidents are unexpected events and unplanned costs. Some
accidents may change the organizational goals or it could even make the
company uncompetitive in the industry. A good understanding of accident
forecasting is vital in construction project management. This research explores
four questions that arise in accidents in construction sites. Namely,
(1) What are the impacts of accidents on construction work?
(2) What are the uncertain contributory factors in these accidents?
(3) How are human and financial aspects linked to accidents?
(4) What are the possible project performance enhancements under uncertainty
factors of the accident?
The objectives of this research paper are-
(i) to investigate construction site accidents to identify the critical causes
and effects;
(ii) (ii) Establish relationship of accidents with additional project cost,
additional time, project scope, company reputation, and impact on
national safety indexes. While human errors were identified as the
main cause for construction accidents, negligence or mistakes can
 happen due to the uncertain circumstances. Hence, unavoidable
accidents have to be expected in the construction industry. The
commitment of all humans involved, from the project manager to the
labourer towards good practices would enhance the safety
performance in construction sites.
During the last decades, there has been a growing awareness about
occupational safety and health risks by the various interested parties in the
construction industry. However, despite the substantial improvements
achieved, the rate of accidents is still significantly higher than in most of the
other industries. Two major reasons have been used to explain this high rate
of accidents in the construction industry: (i) the intrinsic riskiness due to the
nature of the activities and the particular characteristics of constructions
projects and organizations and (ii) the financial and economic issues
regarding the implementation of additional safety measures in a growing
competitive market.

There are three basic causes of workplace accidents: chance occurrences, unsafe
conditions, and employees’ unsafe acts. Chance occurrences (such as walking
past a tree just when a branch falls) are more or less beyond management’s
control. We will therefore focus on unsafe conditions and unsafe acts.

The purpose of this study is to find out the most possible factor which causes
accidents in the construction industry and thus affecting the safety management
in the construction firm. It also includes identifying the effects of accidents in
construction industry. For improving the safety in a project each of these items
should be analysed and a practical approach introduced to finding the most
possible factor which causes accident in the construction industry. The most
possible factor that causes accident in the firm were failure to follow safety
rules, ignorance of PPE (Personal Protective Equipment), space congestion,
improper use of safety items, improper equipment. Then the most possible
effects of accidents in the construction industry were cost of medical expenses,
time loss of project execution, productivity loss, distrust of firm, cost of training
given to new worker.
CHAPTER -1

Introduction
Chapter-1
1.1 Introduction
‘Safety culture.’ the term safety culture can be used to refer to the
behavioural aspects (i.e., ‘what people do’), and the situational
aspects of the company (i.e., ‘what the organization has’). The term
safety climate should be used to refer to psychological characteristics
of employees (i.e., ‘how people feel’), corresponding to the values,
attitudes, and perceptions of employees with regard to safety within
an organization. For example, given by Cooper (2000), safety culture
Safety culture can be difficult to define and measure. Yet, over three-
quarters of all incidents are due to insufficient appreciation of risks,
lack of proper intervention to recognized risks, or lack of attention to
safety, which are factors indicative of a poor safety culture. A strong
safety culture requires the involvement, commitment, and ownership
of the highest level of management in an organization, down through
the organization. Open communication is a must at all levels.
Everyone’s responsibilities and accountabilities regarding safety must
be clearly defined and understood. Finally, there must be a zero
tolerance for disregard of safety systems, procedures, and related
technology. Organizations with leading safety cultures view safety as
a core value, not as a priority that can be prioritized along with other
competing objectives such as production and costs.

It is important to distinguish two concepts: ‘safety climate’ and is that

observable degree of effort by which all organization members direct
their attention and actions toward improving safety on a daily basis.
Safety climate describes the safety ethics in an organization or
workplace which is reflected in employees’ beliefs about safety
(Williamson, Feyer, Cairns, and Biancotti, 1997).

Safety culture is commonly intended as a component of

organizational culture. Safety culture focusses on the intents and
attitudes that affect safety performance.
Generally speaking, safety culture can be defined as a pervasive (i.e.,
through all management and operating tiers of a given organization)
expectation that workers will adopt safety as the prime concern of
their activities, that supervisors will incorporate safety considerations
in their decision-making, that management will include adequate
safety margins in their objectives, and that the whole organization will
reward safe behaviours and sanction omissions and misbehaviours
that compromise safety. A good safety culture should be alert in
identifying existing or potential hazards, proactive in enforcing
mitigation measures, and attentive to lessons learned, good or bad
(including near misses).
There is an intangible element to safety culture. While some of its
elements can be measured and regulated (e.g., qualifications of the
workers, number of training courses attended, frequency of
inspections, etc.), safety culture as a concept is hardly quantifiable.
Regulators grant (decommissioning) licenses based on compliance
with regulatory requirements. While regulators can focus on single
elements of safety culture (e.g., number of training courses) they have
limited power or means to enforce safety culture as a whole.
Investigations often identify poor safety culture as a root cause of
events (bad attitudes lead to bad consequences). Therefore, the
justification for a safety culture program is the need to avoid
corrective actions including extra costs a posteriori but rather to give
preference to preventive actions (prevention is better than cure).
Rather than regulatory requirement, this is a warning. Safety culture
does encompass regulations, but this is just the base. To use a
comparison, driving a car safely demands more than obeying traffic
rules.

A challenge in decommissioning could be a wrong understanding—

especially among former operations staff—that decommissioning is a
trivial activity (demolition), which can be tackled with a minimum of
attention. This “cultural” attitude can favour a sense of sloppiness and
complacency, which is inimical to safety.

In decommissioning, the industrial risk is much increased relative to

the radiological risk. This is another cultural issue: the former
operations staff have a radiological background, which needs to be
adapted to new risks. Vice versa many decommissioning contractors
are familiar with no radiological hazards but unfamiliar with a
radiological environment.
The plant staff will have to work closely with the contractors, often
in joint teams. The former nuclear staff and the contractors will
typically have different professional backgrounds, different priorities,
and different goals: in other words a different “culture.” To ensure
that safety is maintained at all times, harmonization and constant
supervision by the top management will be essential. To this end one
should consider that decommissioning tasks can be delegated to
contractors, but the overall legal responsibility stays with the licensee
(in many countries the same organization responsible for the plant's
former operations).

During plant operations procedures are developed and perfected over

time to become workable, and operators are trained to follow these
routinely, including inter alia safety provisions. By contrast, in
decommissioning the new tasks require new and unfamiliar
procedures and new safety provisions. Occasionally radiological
requirements may conflict with industrial safety requirements, which
require a trade-off.
And finally, a strong safety culture requires a learning organization.
Without it the organization is doomed to repeat mistakes and neglect
successes. Operational feedback is therefore critical.
CHAPTER – 2

COMPANY
PROFILE
Chapter-2

2.1Company profile

An innovative spirit and the desire to establish excellence at every stage of

production have been the driving forces behind the company’s remarkable growth
story. Rashmi Metaliks Limited is 1.50 MTPA State-Of-Art Integrated Steel
manufacturing facility comprises of viz., Pellet, Sinter, Pig iron, Sponge Iron,
Ductile Iron Pipe, Billet, TMT & Wire Rod. The Kitty of products also include
Ferro Alloys and 120 MW of Captive Power Generation Plant. Pellet has a
production of 2.1 MTPA & will be expanded to 3.3 MTPA.
Applying highest ecological standards and latest manufacturing technology has
made Rashmi Metaliks Limited – a name synonymous with reliability & quality
in the Eastern India’s iron & steel manufacturing industry.
It is one of the flagship companies of Rashmi Group, incorporated in the year
2004 in West Bengal.
It makes products like Pig Iron, Sponge Iron, Billets, TMT Bars, Wire Rods and
Ductile Iron Pipes. It consists of a Sinter Plant, Pellet Plant, Blast Furnace, Power
Plant, Steel Melting Shop and Rolling Mill. It is accredited with quality
certification ISO 9001:2008 and environmental certification OHSAS18001, ISO
14001:2004.
2.2COMPANY PRODUCTS-

Ductile Iron Pipe

Ductile Iron is the most preferred pipe material for water supply and pressure
sewage application. The DI Pipe business is the newest in the block of Rashmi
Metaliks and has been growing at CAGR of 62% since last 5 years. We produce
Ductile Iron Pressure Pipes as per IS 8329:2000.The company’s impeccable
track record of quality assurance, has placed it in a commanding position in the
market. Consequently, we are working on enhancing the capacity of the project
by upgrading it up to 5, 50,000 MT of DI Pipes.

Ductile Iron is an alloy of Iron, Carbon and Silicon, also known as Spheroidal
Graphite Iron or Nodular Cast Iron. The process of manufacturing Ductile Iron
involves adding magnesium to low-sulphur molten iron. Due to the reaction
with magnesium, the excess carbon (graphite) present in the iron forms as
multiple small nodules and the resultant product is known as Ductile Iron.
Ductile Iron is preferred to Cast Iron because while it retains the corrosion
resistance of Cast Iron, it has more than double the tensile strength [Cast Iron-
180 MPa (min), Ductile Iron – 420 MPa (min)].

Cast Iron is brittle because the graphite is present in plate-like flakes. On the
contrary, in Ductile Iron, the shape of the graphite becomes a spheroidal nodule,
which offers better mechanical properties and makes Ductile Iron sturdy,
structurally stronger and shock-proof.

TMT Bar
Rashmi Metaliks is one of the leading Pig Iron & Steel manufacturing companies
today, with a capacity of 1.7 million MT per annum. Expanding from its existing
set up of Pig Iron & Sinter Plant established in 2007 with a capacity of 4 lakh
MTPA, the company came up with its own Billet producing Steel Melting Shop
in 2009 and Rolling Mill in 2010 for the production of TMT Bars with a capacity
of 1.18 MTPA.

The leading TMT bar company in Kolkata has an exhaustive production process
in compliance with the international standards, which precisely involves the
following stages:

Raw materials are treated at the DRI (Direct Reduced Iron) plant High quality
billets are obtained from the steel melting shop. Billets are passed through the
state of the art rolling mill. Self-Tempering process is used to result in a
structure called ‘Tempered Martensite’. Atmospheric Cooling process comes
into play where heat of the core area tempers the Marten site part and the ductile
core becomes the Ferrite Pearlite structure. Martensite part is hardened, apt to
withstand load of bigger proportions, while the Ferrite-Pearlite part is ductile
and endowed with elongation properties. Mechanical & chemical tests are done
at par with IS 1786:2008. TMT Bars are cut into required length, bundled up
and tagged.
This pioneer TMT bar manufacturing company sells its products to government
agencies, industry houses, civil contractors and real estate developers. They are
ideal for flyovers, dams, bridges and other critical structures where high yield
load is required without compromising on the quality & ductility.

Billet
Rashmi Metaliks is one of the largest players in Billets in Eastern India. We came
up with our own Steel Melting Shop in 2009, producing billets at a capacity of
1.6MTPA. Applying the latest innovations and state-of-the-art technology in the
manufacturing process, we ensure that the billets produced are accurate and meet
industrial standards. Right from melting the sponge iron at the right temperature
 to adding corrosion-resistant alloys to the billets – highly trained personnel
monitor every aspect. At the end of the process, cast billets are sent to the
laboratory for a stringent checking of their properties and forwarded to the
Quality Control Department.

Sponge Iron
Rashmi Group is the largest manufacturer of Sponge Iron in Jhargram&
Kharagpur, West Bengal, India with a capacity of 3.19MTPA. We produce high-
quality Sponge Iron that meets the industry standards.
The production process followed at Rashmi Group makes the Sponge Iron unique
and superior than its competitors. Iron ore (Red Hematite) is extracted from the
mines and taken to the Direct Reduced Iron (DRI) Plant where it is charged with
different sizes of Coal (Carbon) by conveyors from different stock houses into
the Rotary Kiln.
Physical factors like Temperature & Air volume in the compartment of the Kiln
determine the course of the reduction reaction, known as the ‘BURWAD’
reaction. Reactants eventually get reduced and Sponge Iron mixed with Charcoal
is obtained. A magnetic Separator is used to extract the Sponge Iron. Abiding by
strict quality standards, a sample of Sponge Iron is taken for testing, after which
grades are assigned.

Pellet
Rashmi Group is the first to set up a Pellet Plant in West Bengal. Since the time
the commercial production of pellets commenced, Rashmi Metaliks has
witnessed a meteoric growth. It is a result of this fact that today we are one of the
largest players in the manufacturing of Iron Ore Pellet in eastern India. The
company’s plant produces different grades of pellets and has a capacity of
9MTPA.
Advantages of Iron Ore Pellet:
o Superior to iron ore lumps
o Not vulnerable to degradation due to being corrosion resistant
o Helps in faster reduction and higher metallization rate

Wire Rod
Rashmi Metaliks offers a wide range of wire rods engineered to the exact
requirements of individual customers and applications. These rods are procured
from trusted vendors, who manufacture them using the best in class raw steel.
Consequent of which, all our supplied wire rods come with the promise of high
quality along with dimensional precision.
This puts them in high demand across the country. The rods are available in
various dimensions, sizes and are suitable for several applications such as
fasteners, bolts, screws, spindles, gear, and automobile parts like socket,
connecting rod, shaft, rivets, engine shaft and so on. Depending upon how the
wire rod is cold formed and heat treated, it is used to produce wire ropes, barbed
wire, welded wire mesh and reinforcement wire.

Pig Iron
Rashmi Metaliks has started the manufacture of Pig Iron way back in May 2007.
Sticking to our values, we have aimed to manufacture Pig Iron that meets exact
product and quality standards. Today, we manufacture Pig Iron of customer
choice with a 215 m3 MBF of TRF design of Brazil, at Kharagpur.
6,30,000 TPA of Pig Iron is manufactured from the blast furnace annually. Our
low sulphur and low phosphorus grades are ideal for the manufacture of ductile
grades of castings. In fact, Rashmi Group is one of the few renowned suppliers
of such grades in Eastern India & other parts of the country.
Chapter-3

Background
Chapter-3
Background

3.1 Disease at Construction Sites

Occupational disease and accidents is hazardous to the workers in the

construction sites. The occupational health disease in the construction sites can
be divided into six types:
 Construction Material-related diseases:
Some construction materials are hazardous for health, for example asbestos-
related disease that may lead to death to workers. The danger is due to when
asbestos fibers become airborne and remain suspended in the air. Breathing of
these fibers may badly affect the lungs and causes cancer. Similarly, Silica is
another particles, it is due to, when construction materials containing silica,
such as bricks, concrete, granite or tiles are cut, drilled, crushed. This crystalline
silica can be breathed in and may reach the deep lungs of the workers. This can
cause difficulties in breathing problems for the workers.

 Noise-induced hearing loss:

High noise at construction site can lead to tinnitus and hearing loss of the
workers. It is due to the sounds of machines, sounds from construction plant etc.
may badly affect the hearing problem.

 Hand-arm vibration syndrome:

When workers used handheld power tools are regularly used in construction
site, the vibration of these tools can cause hand-arm vibration syndrome
(HAVS). It is due to the vibration of drilling machine, vibration due to
hammering, vibration due to cutting of materials etc. This type of vibration may
affects fingers, hands and arms and can cause permanent damage over time.

 Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs):

This cause injuries, damage or disorder of the joints or other tissues in the upper
or lower limbs or back. Issues can be caused by regularly lifting, carrying or
handling materials like unloading the cement and sand sacks or carrying the
stone in the construction site.

 Psychological stress:
Mental relaxation of workers is predominant for completing the work
efficiently. So workers need leisure time for relaxing and for entertainment
purposes. Due to the long duration continuous work they are mentally tired, so
it will affect their work too.
 Safety at Construction sites normally, the following types of accidents may
occurs at construction sites.
 Slips or falls from height
Slips or falling from height is the major accident happening in the construction
site. This hazard is happening mainly at the time of concreting or shuttering at
heights. In the case of late time work adequate and good lightning must be
provided. Owing to bad workmanship that is due to bad positioning of
scaffolding, shuttering may fail it may cause accidents.

 Accidents by Vehicles
Every year in the construction industry, people are killed or injured as a result
of being struck by moving vehicles. Accidents may occur from the ground work
to the finishing work of structures. Managers, workers, site visitors and the
public can all be at risk if construction vehicle activities are not properly
managed and controlled.

3.2 Objectives of the Studies-

Main objective is to assess awareness in safety management status based on

ergonomic approach of selected construction sites.
The specific objectives are:

 To explore the problems related ergonomic health and safety in

construction sites.
 To assess the safety management status at selected construction site.

3.3 Limitation-
The limitation of this research is valid and reliable in similar developing
countries like India and cannot generalized economically developed countries
all over the worlds
Chapter-4

Review of
Literature
Chapter-4

Literature Review
4.1 Introduction
In India the construction industry is the largest among the non-farming sector to
generate jobs. But it also is a large contributor of grievous injuries and deaths of
its workers in the country. The construction area of civil engineering is one of
the most hazardous industries worldwide. The ‘fatal four’ causes of disastrous
incidents in the construction industry are falls, electrocutions, being struck by
objects and caught in between. The rapid growth of construction industry in
India today is out of proportion to practical developments in terms of safety and
health aspects of the construction workers. Pitfalls in legislation combined with
lack of proper implementation is also a significant contributor. The Indian
construction workers form 7.5% of the world labour force, but it contributes to
16.4% of fatal global occupational accidents. It accounts for about 11% of
occupational injuries and 20% of deaths resulting from occupational accidents.
In the construction industry the possibility of a fatality is five times more likely
than in a manufacturing industry, whereas the risk of a major injury is two and a
half times higher. Each year, up to 120 people are killed at work place in the
developed countries like UK and there are about 3000 workers who suffer from
major injuries in construction-related accidents, these facts tarnish the image of
the construction industry, and making it more difficult to attract skilled labour.
In the past decade, need for safety awareness among construction companies
has fiscally increased. This is due to the high cost associated with work-related
injuries, worker’s compensation, insurance premium, indirect costs of injuries,
and litigation. Every year, a considerable amount of time is lost due to work-
related health problems and site accidents. There are several factors responsible
for health problems and construction site accidents. The Occupational Safety
and Health Administration (OSHA) examined the causes of construction
fatalities, result showed that 33% of fatalities in construction were caused by
falls, 22% were struck by objects. 18% were caught in/between incidents, 17%
were electrocutions, and 10% were caused by other reasons (1985-89).
4.2 Various Techniques
There are several techniques that can be adopted for labour safety,

Hazard Analysis: Before any construction work takes place, management

should assess job site condition to identify potential areas of serious injuries.
Many serious injuries are attributed to workers falls, collapse, being struck by
vehicles, trench cave-ins and electrical lines. The analysis should address the
sequence of work, the hazards of each activity and control measures to
eliminate or minimize the hazard.
Safety Training: Training should be at the core of every safety program. It
is important to identify the areas in which training is required. All employees
should be trained on hazard communication; other training may include
electrical lock out, confined space entry, trenching, back injury prevention, fall
protection, fire protection, equipment safety and other safety concerns.
Safety organization: The organization of safety on the construction site
will be determined by the size of the work site, the system of employment and
the way in which the project is being organized. Safety and health records
should be kept which facilitate the identification and resolution of safety and
health problems on the site.
Safety officer: One commonly accepted prerequisite for administering a
successful safety program is the designation of a safety officer at the project
level. It is standard practice on many large projects to require a safety officer.
Safety provisions requiring a safety officer should be included in the
construction contract.

4.3 Relevance of the review

Especially in a developing country like India, there must be an effort to raise
the level of awareness among both the employers and employees of the
importance of health and safety at work sites. It is highly desirable to decrease
the rate of labour accidents for employee working in the construction industry
all over the world. Many preventive measures to address this problem have been
proposed and carried out. However, accidents keep occurring with depressing
regularity. Hence, new effective measures for prevention of labour accidents are
always keenly anticipated. It is a general observation that the large scale
infrastructure projects command good safety checks and procedures due to
statutory requirements of the tender contracts. But construction in everyday life
comprises of large number of small scale projects which are local contractors
undertakings lacking in compliance of safety requirements and labour laws. It is
the high time that the awareness regarding the present scenario of safety and
labour conditions should spread adequately.

4.4 Literature review

The construction industry is a very dangerous industry. The performance of the
industry in occupational health and safety is very poor. The standard of
occupational health and safety is even worse in developing countries. In Indian
construction industry OHS has never been given prime importance. Even though
in India construction industry is significantly booming, there are no proper
initiatives undertaken by the government to implement OHS rules and
regulations. In developed countries, recent advancement in technology, on one
hand, has contributed positively to industry productivity, but, on the other hand,
it has created a more challenging and unsafe work environment. Every
construction worker is likely to be temporarily unfit for work at some time as a
result of a minor injury or a health problem after working on a construction site.
Between 1989 and 1992, 256 people were fatally injured in the Australian
Construction Industry. Statistics revealed that the fatality rate was 10.4 per
100,000 workers, which was similar to the fatality rate for road accidents. It is
estimated that, in China, every year, 3,000 workers belonging to construction
sector were killed in work related accidents. From a study conducted by Egyptian
construction industry, it was concluded that safety programs organized by Egypt
contractors were less formal and the accident insurance costs were fixed
irrespective of the contractor’s safety performance. The most common cause of
injuries and death in the construction sector is falling from heights. The main
causes include working on a scaffold or platform without guard rails, or without
a safety harness correctly attached, and fragile roofs and ladders that are badly
maintained, positioned, and secured. Slips, trips, and falls are the largest cause of
accidents in all sectors.
In India, departments under the Ministry of Labour and Employment deal with
OSH issues in construction sector under the head of Chief Labour Commissioner.
Directorate General Factory Advise Service Labour Institute (DGFASLI)
provides technical support in drafting model rules, carrying out surveys, and
conducting training programmes in construction sector. A number of Labour
Laws are applicable to the workers engaged at construction sites. These are as
follows:
(i)Contract Labour (Regulation & Operative) Act, 1970,
(ii)Minimum Wages Act, 1948,
(iii)Payment of Wages Act, 1936,
(iv)Equal Remuneration Act, 1976,
(v)Inter-State Migrant Workmen Act, 1979,
(vi)The Building and Other Construction Workers Act, 1996.
The Building and Other Construction Workers (Regulation of Employment and
Conditions of Service) Act, 1996, was enacted on 1.3.1996. The act is applicable
to all establishments employing 10 or more workers in any building and other
construction works. The Chief Labour Commissioner is entrusted with the task
of enforcement of this act and the central rules.

4.5 Conclusion
Owing to increase in complexity of operations, the construction industry has
become more dangerous. Construction industries are faced with the challenge of
having close monitor of their labour safety management systems to minimize
occupational hazards. This paper is concluded with few points given below.
(i)The working time is comfortable for all categories of workers in most of the
sites.
(ii)The average age of the workers was found be 32 years.
(iii)Maximum numbers of workers were native workers but migrant workers are
ready to work for low wages.
(iv)The average number of accidents was found to be 16.03 in small
construction sites.
(v)The average number of accidents was found to be 13.00 in large construction
sites.
(vi)In both small and large construction sites, more number of accidents
occurred due to body injuries accounting to 44.1% and 26.4%, respectively.
(vii)In general, safety of workers in all construction is to be improved.
(viii)Contractors and owners must give utmost importance to the safety of the
workers.
 CHAPTER-5

THE EMPLOYEE’S
COMPENSATION ACT,
1923
Chapter-5

THE EMPLOYEE’S COMPENSATION ACT, 1923

5.1 Objectives
The Employee Compensation Act, 1923 is an Indian law that provides for
the payment of compensation to employees or their dependents in case of a
work-related injury or death. The act is also known as the Workmen's
Compensation Act and applies to employees engaged in manual or clerical
work, including apprentices, contractors, and other categories of workers
mentioned in the act.
Under the act, an employer is liable to pay compensation in case of death or
injury caused during the course of employment without any fault of the
employee. The amount of compensation depends on the severity of the injury
and the wages of the employee. In case of death, the dependents of the
employee are entitled to receive compensation.
The act also specifies the procedure for filing a claim and the appointment of
commissioners to decide on the amount of compensation. It also lays down the
penalties for non-compliance, including fines and imprisonment.
The Employee Compensation Act, 1923 has been amended several times to
include more categories of workers and to increase the compensation amounts.
The latest amendment was made in 2010.

5.2 Applicability
It applies to all employees working in factory, mines, plantations,
construction establishment, oil fields etc.

5.3 Who can claim this compensation under this act?

Every employee including a contractor compensation under this employee who
is engaged in the works of the employers business suffers an injury or an
accidents in the course of employment or arising out of course of employment
shall be entitled to receive compensation.

5.4 Benefits of this Act

Generally compensation is paid in the form of the form of medical expenses,
loss of wages/salary and disability benefits under this act.
  Employer are obligated to provide financial aid for medical
expenses or the employer dependents in case of death.

5.5 Types of Disablement

1. Temporary Disablement- An accidents which results loss of earning
capacity, compensation, is generally paid 90% of the salary/ wages
amount till the disablement continues.

2. Death – In case of death 50% of the monthly wages multiplied by the

relevant factor which is mentioned 4th schedule of this act.
As per amendment of 3rd January 2020, maximum wages limit is Rs
15000. Before it was only Rs 8000.

3. Permanent total Disablement- 60% of the monthly wages multiplied by

the relevant factors.

4. Partial Disablement- 60% of the mothy wages multiplied by relevant

factors. But the percentage needs to be estimated based on the “ extent of
the reduction in earning capacity” by the medical boards.
 Chapter-6

Safety culture
towards RML
labours
accidents
Chapter-6
Safety culture adopted by RML towards Labour accidents.

6.1 What is PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE) which is

used RML towards Labour safety?
PPE means personal protective equipment or equipment you use to guarantee
your (own) safety.
Use PPE always and anywhere where necessary. Observe the instructions for
use, maintain them well and check regularly if they still offer sufficient
protection. But when do you use what type of protection?
6.2 These 7 tips will help you on your way.
1. SAFETY FOR THE HEAD
Wearing a helmet offers protection and can prevent head injuries. Select a
sturdy helmet that is adapted to the working conditions. These days you can find
many elegant designs and you can choose extra options such as an adjustable
interior harness and comfortable sweatbands.

2. PROTECT YOUR EYES

The eyes are the most complex and fragile parts of our body. Each day, more
than 600 people worldwide sustain eye injuries during their work. Thanks to a
good pair of safety glasses, these injuries could be prevented. Do you come into
contact with bright light or infrared radiation? Then welding goggles or a
shield offer the ideal protection!

3. HEARING PROTECTION

Do you work in an environment with high sound levels? In that case it is very
important to consider hearing protection. Earplugs are very comfortable, but
earmuffs are convenient on the work floor as you can quickly put these on or
take them off.

4. MAINTAIN A GOOD RESPIRATION

Wearing a mask at work is no luxury, definitely not when coming into

contact with hazardous materials. 15% of the employees within the EU
inhale vapours, smoke, powder or dusk while performing their job. Dust
masks offer protection against fine dust and other dangerous particles.
If the materials are truly toxic, use a full-face mask. This adheres tightly
to the face, to protect the nose and mouth against harmful pollution.
5. PROTECT YOUR HANDS WITH THE RIGHT GLOVES

Hands and fingers are often injured, so it is vital to protect them properly.
Depending on the sector you work in, you can choose from gloves for different
applications:

 protection against vibrations

 protection against cuts by sharp materials
 Protection against cold or heat
 Protection against bacteriological risks
 Protection against splashes from diluted chemicals.

6. PROTECTION FOR THE FEET

Even your feet need solid protection. Safety shoes (type Sb, S1, S2 or S3) and
boots (type S4 or S5) are the ideal solution to protect the feet against heavy
weights. An antiskid sole is useful when working in a damp environment,
definitely if you know that 16,2% of all industrial accidents are caused by
tripping or sliding. On slippery surfaces, such as snow and ice, shoe claws are
recommended. Special socks can provide extra comfort.

7. WEAR THE CORRECT WORK CLOTHING

Preventing accidents is crucial in a crowded workshop. That is why a good

visibility at work is a must: a high-visibility jacket and pants made of
a strong fabric can help prevent accidents. Just like the hand protection, there
are versions for different applications.

6.3 WORST-CASE SCENARIO

Prevention is better than cure. A smart thing is to be prepared for the worst.
A classic first-aid kit is no luxury but a first-aid kit for the eyes can also be
an essential first aid. If the employee comes into contact with chemicals,
a safety shower is mandatory, so that he can rinse the substances off his body
at any moment.

6.4 Human factors which cause of Industrial accidents in RML –

Human Factors – causes of industrial accidents

Mishaps made by human variables allude to episodes in which the mishap is

straightforwardly ascribed to the specialist associated with the mishap. Normal
human factors that cause modern mishaps include:
Unfortunate housekeeping – An unkempt work area can prompt slips,
excursions, and falls.

Weariness – At the point when a body is drained, injury is bound to happen.

Overexertion – Overexertion wounds are the most well-known sort of work

environment injury.

Stress – Labourers who are focused on are in many cases more diverted and of
the more serious gamble of injury.

Lack of hydration – It is essential to drink sufficient water to guarantee your

body works appropriately.

Inappropriate Lifting – Lower back strains and shoulder wounds are normal
among labourers who utilize ill-advised lifting methods.

 Other Causes

Young, untrained, and experienced workers are prone to accidents. Alcoholic

and drug-addicted workers, those having disturbed family life, who overwork,
experience monotony, fatigue, and quarrelling, abuse, unsatisfactory behaviour
of supervisors are some of the reasons for industrial accidents.

6.5 Measures to Ensure Industrial Safety in RML:

To decrease or limit the actual dangers and mishaps, safety management is

important.

Particular estimates which can be taken to guarantee modern safety are:

1. Safety Engineering :

To limit working environment mishaps, the appropriate design technique could

be followed. Fencing of apparatus, sufficient room between machines parts and
types of gear, utilization of material taking care of hardware, gadgets,
appropriate upkeep of machines, and so forth, are attempted to keep mishaps
from happening.

2. Training and Education :

Preparing and instruction projects must be to be held now and again to prepare
and teach representatives, bosses, and labourers, about insurances to be taken
during machine dealing. Safety animation and training come to the rescue.
These projects must be created and energized among them by proper machine
maintenance etc.

3. Committee on safety :

A board must be to be comprised is each plant and production line. It must be to

comprise the agent of both the administration and the labourers. The council
must be to instruct and put forth the line about the estimates expected in the
foundation. The programs and strategies must be to be executed through the
safety advisory group. The board must likewise hold safety missions and
challenges occasionally.

4. Normal Inspection :

There must be a customary investigation of machines and gear to actually take a

look at any imperfections if any. The examination must be to likewise make
sure that the machines are all around kept up with and gadgets are appropriately
connected or appropriately positioned. Associations to likewise screen and
assess the labourers at normal stretches to check whether they are following
alerts, directions, and safeguards while taking care of any machine or hardware.
 CHAPTER-7

DEATH CASE IN
RML
Chapter-7

Death case in RML

 CHAPTER-8

RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY
Chapter-8
Research Methodology
8.1 Title of the Research Study:
"A Study of Safety Culture adopted by RML towards Labour Accidents: A
study of selected employees in Rashmi Metaliks private Limited”
8.2 Duration of the research study:
This study was carried out for duration Of 45 days.
8.3 Rationale of the research study: When it comes to performance,
employee's performance is one the main in organisational success.
Therefore. it is an need Of the hour where organizational has to make very
specific efforts for Health & Safety Measures to improving employee's
performance to optimally utilize knowledge and skills Of their employees.
The proposed research study also would report on employee's feedback as
well as expectations & experiences with regard to Health & Safety. It also
list out suggestions for an overall improvement in Health & Safety. The
research study would make an attempt to find the impact of Health & Safety
on effective employee's performance.

8.4 Scope & coverage of research study :

This study was given an overview of the health and safety measures existing
at Rashmi Metaliks Pvt. Ltd. Since health and safety are two important
elements essential for improving the productivity of an organisation, a study
on the existing health and safety measures would help the organization to
perform better. This study was highlight on the perception of the workers
regarding health and safety. Rashmi Metaliks Pvt. Ltd. can identify the areas
where it can be improved. So as to improve the performance of the workers.
This study would also help to the satisfaction level of the workers towards
health and safety measures and suggest provisions to improve health and
safety.

8.5 OBJECTIVES OF THE RESEARCH STUDY:

Basic Objectives:
 To ascertain the health and safety measures adopted in Innovative Cuisine
Private Limited.
Other Objectives:

 To study the awareness of the workers about health and safety in the work
place.
 To find the occurrence of accidents happened at Work place.
 To identify the role of management in implementing health & safety.
 To find out satisfaction level of the respondents towards health & safety
measure.
 To give suggestions to improve the health & safety in the organization.

8.6 Research of sign -

The research design of this study considering its objectives, scope &
coverage was exploratory as well as descriptive in nature.

8.7 Source of Information-

 PRIMARY DATA:
The primary data has been obtained from the selected employees & senior
executive of Rashmi metaliks private limited through circulation of the
structured non-disguised questionnaire.
 SECONDARY DATA
The secondary data has been obtained from published as well as unpublished
literature on the topic and from Books, Journals and News Papers. Research
Articles, Thesis, Websites, Magazines etc.

8.8 SAMPLING DECISIONS:

8.8.1 SAMPLE SIZE:

Appropriate number of sample size (i.e. 60) was put to use for the purpose of
collecting primary data from the selected employees Of the Rashmi metaliks
private Limited.

8.8.2 SAMPLING METHOD:

Non-probability sampling design based on convenient sampling method has
been used for this research study.

8.8.3 SAMPLING FRAME

The representative sampling units in appropriate & justified has been
conveniently drawn from amongst different employees across various
heterogeneous economic age groups, occupations, gender who have availed
health & safety measures as offered the Rashmi Metaliks Private Limited.

8.8.4 RESEARCH INSTRUMENT

A structured non-disguised questionnaire has been prepared to get the
relevant information from the respondents. The questionnaire consists of
variety of questions presented to the respondents for their responses. The
researcher has been used questionnaire with the support & cooperation of the
selected respondents of various departments at managerial and non-
managerial level Of Rashmi Metaliks Private Limited.

8.8.5 SAMPLING MEDIA:

Sampling media has been in the form Of Filling up of questionnaire

8.9 DATA COLLECETION, ANALYSIS & INTERPRETATION:

The collected information and primary data has been subjected to data
analysis and interpretation. The collected primary data has been pre-coded
considering the designing of the structured non-disguised questionnaire. The
primary data has been scrutinized. Edited and validated and thereafter it has
been presented in the forms of tables, charts, graphs and diagrams as the
case may be.

8.10 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROPOSED RESEARCH STUDY:

Health and Safety measures are inevitable to any organization where
workers are involved. It's an organization's responsibility to provide to its
workers beyond the payment of wages for their services. The worker's health
and safety on and off the job within the organization is a vital concern of the
employer. The working environment in a factory adversely affects the
worker's health and safety because of the excessive heat or cold, noise.
Fumes, dust and lack of sanitation and pure air etc., which leads to accident
or injury or disablement or loss of life to the Workers. Providing a health
and safer environment is a pre-requisite for any productive effort. These
must be held in check by providing regular health check-up, protective
devices and compensatory benefits to the workers. This research deals with
the study on the health and safety measures provided to the workers at
Rashmi Metaliks Private Limited.
8.11 LIMITATION OF THE PROPOSED RESEARCH STUDY:
 The sample size selected by the researcher is limited.
 The time factor in collecting the responses as in conducting the
research study
Would be limiting factor.
 The respondents were unable or unwilling to give response.
 CHAPTER- 9

DATA ANALYSIS &

INTERPRETATION
Chapter-9

Data Analysis and Interpretation

Table 1: Table showing the age of Respondent

SL.No Range Respondent %

1 Below 25 10 17
2 26-30 18 30
3 31-35 22 36
4 36-40 4 7
5 Above 40 6 10
Total 60 100

Interpretation: The chart depicts that:

 17% respondents tend to age below 25,
 30% respondents tend to age between 26-30.
 36% respondents tend to age between 31-35,
 07% respondents tend to age between 36-40
 10%respondents tend to age above 40.
 Majority of the respondents tend to age between 31-35.
 Table: 2 Showing the year of experience (in years) of respondent
SL.No Range Respondent %
1 Below 5 05 08
2 6 - 10 12 20
3 11 -15 22 37
4 16 - 20 18 30
5 Above 20 03 05
Total 60 100

Intrepetation- From the above table, 8% of the respondents have work

experience of below 5 years, 20% of the respondents have work experience of
6-10 years, and 37% of the respondents have work experience of 11-15 years,
30% respondents have work experience of 16-20 years, and 5% respondents
have work experience of above 20 years.

Majority of the employees in the organization have a Work experience of 11-15

years.

Table 3: Table showing the awareness of health and safety

SL.No Range Respondent %

1 YES 48 80
2 NO 12 20
Total 60 100

Interpretation: In the survey, 80% of the respondents are aware of the health
and safety measures but 20% of the respondents respond that they are not aware
of the health and safety measures adopted in the company.
 Table 4: Table showing the Health and safety Training

SL.No Range Respondent %

1 Yes 48 70
2 No 12 30
Total 60 100

Interpretation: In the survey, 70% of the respondents respond that they

attended the health and safety training programme conducted in the company
but 30% Of the respondents says that they are not attended any health and safety
training programme conducted in the company.

Table 5: Table showing the medical Facility

SL.No Range Respondent %
1 Yes 56 98
2 No 4 2
Total 60 100

Interpretation: In the survey, 98% of the respondents say that the company is
providing medical facilities to the workers but only 2% of the respondents
respond the company is not providing any medical facilities to the workers.

Table 6: Table showing the frequency of training offered

SL.No Range Respondent %

1 Once in a month 14 23
2 Once in 3 months 36 60
3 Every week 10 17
4 Once in a year - 00
5 Rarely - 00
Total 60 100
Interpretation: In the survey. 23% of the respondents say that the training is
offered once in a month and 60% of the respondents respond that the training is
offered once in 3 months and the remaining 17% of the respondents says that
the training is offered in every week. No respondents say that the training is
offered yearly or rarely.

TABLE 7: Table showing the awareness about first aid activities and
contents of the first aid kit
SL.No Range Respondent %
1 Strongly Agreed 46 77
2 Agree 14 23
3 Neutral - -
4 Disagree - -
5 Strongly disagree - -
Total 60 100

Interpretation : In the survey 77% of the respondents strongly agrees that they
are aware about the first aid activities and contents of the first aid kit but 23%
respondents simply agrees that they are aware about the first aid activities and
contents of the first aid kit. No respondents say that they are not aware about the
first aid activities and contents of the first aid kit.

TABLE 8: Table showing the working temperature is reasonable to work

SL.No Range Respondent %

1 Strongly Agreed 17 28
2 Agree 43 72
3 Neutral - -
4 Disagree - -
5 Strongly disagree - -
Total 60 100
Interpretation: In the survey. 28% of the respondents strongly agree that the
working temperature is reasonable to work but 72% respondents simply agree
that the working temperature is reasonable to work. No respondents say that the
working temperature is not reasonable to work.

TABLE 9: Table showing the environment is safe to work

SL.No Range Respondent %

1 Strongly Agreed 33 55

2 Agree 14 23

3 Neutral 13 22

4 Disagree - -

5 Strongly disagree - -

Total 60 100

Interpretation: In the survey, 55% of the respondents strongly agree that their
environment is safe to work but 23% respondents simply agree that their
environment is safe to work and 22% of the respondents say that they have no
idea about their environment is safe to work. No respondents say that their
environment is not safe to work.
 Table 10: Table showing the enough training given to workers before
handling the machines

SL.No Range Respondent %

1 Strongly Agreed 42 70
2 Agree 12 20
3 Neutral 06 10
4 Disagree - -
5 Strongly disagree - -
Total 60 100

Interpretation: In the survey, 70% of the respondents strongly agree that

enough training is given to the workers but respondents simply agree that
enough training is given to the workers and of the respondents say that they
have no idea about enough the training given to the workers. No respondents
say that enough training is not given to the workers before handling machines.
 Table 11: Table showing the health check-up for worker

SL.No Range Respondent %

1 Yearly - -
2 Half-yearly 11 18
3 Quarterly 45 75
4 Monthly 04 7
5 Rarely - -
Total 60 100

Interpretation: In the survey, 18 of the respondents say that the company

provides health check-up half yearly and 75% of the respondents respond that
the company provides health check-up quarterly and 7% respondents says that
the company provides health check-up monthly. No respondents say that the
health check-up was provided yearly or rarely.

Table 12: Table showing the machines maintained properly

SL.No Range Respondent %

1 Always 4 7
2 Sometimes 21 35
3 Others 28 46
4 Rarely 07 12
5 Not at all - -
Total 60 100

Interpretation: In the survey, the survey, 7% respondents say that always they
are maintaining the machines properly and 35% of the respondents respond that
sometimes they are maintaining the machines properly and 46% respondents
says Often they are maintaining the machines properly and 12% Of the
respondents says rarely they are maintaining the machines properly.

Table 13: Table showing the accidents happened

SL.No Range Respondent %
1 Always 04 7
2 Sometimes 17 28
3 Often 29 48
4 Rarely 10 17
5 Not at all - -
Total 60 100

Interpretation : In the survey, 7% respondents say that always the accidents

are happened and 28% of the respondents respond that sometimes the accidents
are happened and 48% respondents says often the accidents are happened and
17% of the respondents says rarely the accidents are happened.
 Table 14: Table showing the ranking Accidents by their occurrence

SL.No Range Respondent %

1 Faller from height 32 53
2 Finger injuries 22 37
3 Electric shocks 02 3
4 Fire accidents 04 7
Total 60 100
Interpretation : In the survey, 53% Of the respondents ranked fallen from
height are occurred and 37% of the respondents ranked finger injuries are
occurred but 3% of the respondents ranked electric shocks are happened and 7%
of the respondents ranked fire accidents are happened.

Table 15: Table showing the safety inspection held in company

SL.No Range Respondent %

1 Yearly 03 05

2 Monthly 48 80

3 Weekly 09 15

4 Daily - -

5 Rarely - -

Total 60 100

Interpretation: In the survey, 87% of the respondents say that they are simply
satisfied with the health and safety measures adopted in the company and 13%
of the respondents say that they have no idea about the satisfaction level from
health and safety measures. No respondents are very much satisfied and
dissatisfied with the health and safety measures adopted in the company.
 Chapter-10

FINDINGS
SUGGESTIONS &
CONCLUSIONS
Chapter-10

Finding Suggestion and Conclusion

10.1 FINDINGS:
 Only 20% of the respondents respond that they are not aware of the
health and safety measures and 80% of the respondents are aware of the
health and safety measures.
 60% of the respondents say that they have no effective arrangements for
communicating health and safety matters; only 40% agrees that they have
effective arrangements for communicating health and safety matters.
 Majority of the respondents are told that company is providing medical
facility to the workers.
 70% of the respondents respond that they attended the health and safety
training programme but 30% of the respondents says that they are not
attended any health and safety training programme conducted in the
company.
 Most of the respondents respond that sometimes they have proper
drinking water and some Of the respondents says Often they have proper
drinking water and very few Of the respondents say that always they have
proper drinking water.
 77% of the respondents strongly agree that they are aware about the first
aid activities and contents of the first aid kit and 23% of the respondents
simply agree that they are aware about the first aid activities and contents
of the first aid kit.
 Majority of the respondents strongly agree that the company implements
effective disciplinary procedures and or the respondents simply agree that
the company implements effective disciplinary procedures.

 55% of the respondents strongly agree that their environment is safe to

work and 23% of the respondents simply agree that their environment is
safe to work and 22% of the respondents say that they have no idea about
the safe working environment.

 Majority of the respondents says often they are maintaining the machines
properly and some of the respondents respond that sometimes they are
 maintaining the machines properly and only very few of the respondents
says rarely they are maintaining the machines properly.

 48% of the respondents say often the accidents are happened and 17% of
the respondents say rarely the accidents are happened and of the
respondents respond that sometimes the accidents are happened and only
7% of the respondents say that always the accidents are happened.

 87% of the respondents say that they are simply satisfied with the health
and safety measures and 13% of the respondents say that they have no
idea about the satisfaction level from health and safety measures.
 55% of the respondents say that the role of management is better and 23%
of the respondents say that the role of management is best and 27% of the
respondents respond that the role of management in implementing health
and safety is good.

10.2 RECOMMENDATIONS/SUGGESTIONS:

• The company has to create the awareness for the workers regarding health
and safety.

• They have to provide effective arrangements to the workers for

communicating their health and safety matters.
• It is better to provide frequent health and safety training. At least once in a
year.
• The company has to provide enough drinking water facility available at all
the time.
• The management has to take necessary Steps to reduce the Stress level of
the workers. Orientation programmes can be conducted to make the
workers to feel that their work environment is safe to work.
• The maintenance department has to maintain the machines properly to
reduce lead-time.
• Proper training has to be given to the workers to avoid frequent accidents.
• Meditation practices can be given to avoid electric shocks, finger injuries
etc. due to lack of concentration.
• Safety committee has to be formed to monitor the health and safety issues.
• The company has to conduct the regular inspections to ensure higher level
of safety in the workplace.
• Cordial relationship has to be maintained between the management and the
Workers to implement the health and safety policies and measures in a
smooth manner.
10.3 CONCLUSION:

It is revealed from the study that, the health and safety cultures
adopted in Rashmi Mettaliks Pvt. Ltd. are provided to the workers according to
the provisions of the factories Act. It reveals that the awareness of the workers
about health and safety in the Workplace is inadequate.
Also repeated accidents like electric shocks, finger injuries are
occurred in the workplace. Suitable ideas were suggested to avoid those
accidents and to improve the health and safety measures. The role of
management in implementing health and safety in the organization is very
effective.
Most of the workers were satisfied with the safety culture adopted in
the company. If the company implements effective disciplinary procedures, it
will help the company to go with their policies and also to maintain safety in the
organization.
Rashmi Metaliks has a strong safety culture that prioritizes the well-
being of its employees. The company has implemented various safety measures
and policies to prevent workplace accidents. These efforts have led to a
significant reduction in labour accidents in the workplace. However, there is
still room for improvement in terms of identifying and addressing potential
hazards to ensure the continued safety of the employees. It is recommended that
the company continues to invest in safety training and education, as well as put
in place systems that encourage and reward employees for adhering to safety
guidelines. By maintaining a strong safety culture, Rashmi Metaliks can
continue to protect its employees from accidents and promote a safe and healthy
working environment.
CHAPTER-11

BIBLIOGRAPHY

&

WEBLIOGRAPHY
Chapter-11

Bibliography and Webliography

11.1 Bibliography
 Arun Monappa (1994); Industrial Relation (8th Edition)

 K Aswathappa (2014); Human Resource Management (7th Edition); Mc

Graw Hill Education.
 D.M. Yakubu & l. M. Bakri (2013): Evaluation or Safety & Health
Performance on construction sites; Journal of Management Sustainability,
volume 3, No. 2, pp. 100-109.
 Joseph M Putti (1980); the management of securing and maintaining the
workforce, S Chand & Co Ltd. Ram Nagar, New Delhi.
 Emmanuel l. Akpan (201 1); Effective Safety & Health Management
policy for Improved Performance of Organization in Africa: International
Journal of Business Management, Volume 6, No. 3, pp. 159-165.

11.2 Webliography
 http://ww.v.emeraldinsight.com/lnsight./viewContentltem.do?
contentType—Article&conten tld-1728145
 http://jech.bmj.com/content/61/SupplYii39,abstract
 http://occmed.oxfordjournaIs.org/cgi/content/abstract/57tW449
 http://oem.bmj.com/eontenV63/9/60S.abstract
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 http://jech.bmj.com/content/55/5/316.abstract
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http://ethics.iit.edu/NanoEthicsBank/popular_search.
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 Questionnaire
QUESTIONNAIRE ON A STUDY OF SAFETY CULTURES ADPOTED BY
RASHMI METALIKS TOWARDS LABOUR’S ACCIDENTS

MEASURES: A STUDY OF SELECTED EMPLOYEES IN

RASHMI METALIKS PRIVATE LIMITED"

Respected Sir/ Madam,

I am Aman Kumar Ray student of MBA, Vidyasagar University, pursuing a
research project on A STUDY OF SAFETY CULTURES ADPOTED BY
RASHMI METALIKS TOWARDS LABOUR’S ACCIDENTS
I will grateful to you if you spare your valuable time & efforts with your
valuable views on the subject of the research study.

General Profile of Respondents-

1. Name of the employee: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
2. Age Group: 18-25 26-35 36-45 46-55 55-60
3. Department:
4. Designation:
5. Experience in Years at RML:
<1 Year 2-4 Years 5-7 Years > 7 Years

Objectives- prevent not only the major industrial accidents, but also prevent
the accidents causing permanent or partial disablement. We believe that
workers hands are Nation’s asset which we don’t want to lose in any case.
Finally Zero Accident is our Goal.
Is Workplace Safety Training Required?
Workplace safety training is as vital as workplace safety itself. It
enables the management to ensure a safe and healthy work
environment. It also helps the employees to recognize safety hazards
and correct them. It enables them to understand best safety practices
and expectations.

1. Are you aware of the health and safety measures adopted in the company?
a) Yes
b) No

2. Have you attended any health and safety training in your company?
a) Yes
b) No
3. Does the company provide medical facility to the workers?
a) Yes
b) No
4. How frequent training is offered in the company?
a) Once in 5 year

b) Once in 3 year

c) Yearly once

d) Monthly

e) Rarely
 The awareness about first aid activities and contents of the first aid kit

Q.no Parameters Strongly Agree Disagree Stronger

Agreed Neutral Disagree
5. Do you know the
first aid activities
and contents of
the first aid kit?
6. The company
implements
effective
disciplinary
procedure to
maintain health
and safety?
7. The working
temperature is
reasonable to
work?
8. Do you have
enough space to
work?
9. The latrines and
urinals are
cleaned and
maintained
properly?
10. Do you think that
your environment
is safe to work?
11. Is enough training
given to the
workers before
handling the
machines?
12. How often the company provide health Checkup for workers?
(a) Yearly
(b) Half yearly
(c) Quarterly
(d) Monthly
(e) Rarely

13. Are the machines maintained properly?

(a) Always
(b) Sometimes
(c) Often
(d) Rarely
(e) Not at all

14. How often the accidents happen?

(a) Always
(b) Sometimes
(c) Often
(d) Rarely
(e) Not at all
15. Rank the accidents by their occurrence?
ACCIDENTS RANKING
Fallen from top
Finger accidents
Electric shocks
Fire accidents

16. How often the safety inspections are held in your company?
(a) Yearly
(b) Monthly
(c) Weekly
(d) Daily
(e) Rarely
Thank you Rashmi Metaliks for giving me such a
great opportunity which helps to build my career
and I'm also thankful to the MBA Department
who provide me this Valuable Internship.

Thanks for your Experience.