FORCE AND LAWS OF MOTION

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Which of the following statement is not correct for an object moving along a straight
path in an accelerated motion?

(a) Its speed keeps changing (b) Its velocity always changes

(c) It always goes away from the earth (d) A force is always acting on it

2. According to the third law of motion, action and reaction

(a) always act on the same body

(b) always act on different bodies in opposite directions

(c) have same magnitude and directions

(d) act on either body at normal to each other

3. A goalkeeper in a game of football pulls his hands backwards after holding the ball
shot at the goal. This enables the goal keeper to

(a) exert larger force on the ball (b) reduce the force exerted by the ball on hands

(c) increase the rate of change of momentum (d) decrease the rate of change of
momentum

4. The inertia of an object tends to cause the object

(a) to increase its speed (b) to decrease its speed

(c) to resist any change in its state of motion (d) to decelerate due to friction

5. A passenger in a moving train tosses a coin which falls behind him. It means that
motion of the train is

(a) accelerated (b) uniform (c) retarded (d) along circular tracks

6. An object of mass 2 kg is sliding with a constant velocity of 4 m s–1 on a frictionless

(a) 32 N (b) 0 N (c) 2 N (d) 8 N 7.

7. Rocket works on the principle of conservation of

(a) mass (b) energy (c) momentum (d) velocity

(a) move backward (b) move forward (c) be unaffected (d) rise upwards

Short Answer Questions

9. There are three solids made up of aluminium, steel and wood, of the same shape and
same volume. Which of them would have highest inertia?

10. Two balls of the same size but of different materials, rubber and iron are kept on the
smooth floor of a moving train. The brakes are applied suddenly to stop the train. Will
the balls start rolling? If so, in which direction? Will they move with the same speed?
Give reasons for your answer.

11. Two identical bullets are fired one by a light rifle and another by a heavy rifle with the
same force. Which rifle will hurt the shoulder more and why?

12. A horse continues to apply a force in order to move a cart with a constant speed.
Explain why?

13. Suppose a ball of mass m is thrown vertically upward with an initial speed v, its
speed decreases continuously till it becomes zero. Thereafter, the ball begins to fall
downward and attains the speed v again before striking the ground. It implies that the
magnitude of initial and final momentums of the ball is same. Yet, it is not an example of
conservation of momentum. Explain why ?

14. Velocity versus time graph of a ball of mass 50 g rolling on a concrete floor is shown
in Fig. Calculate the acceleration and frictional force of the floor on the ball.

15. A truck of mass M is moved under a force F. If the truck is then loaded with an
object equal to the mass of the truck and the driving force is halved, then how does the
acceleration change?

16. Two friends on roller-skates are standing 5 m apart facing each other. One of them
throws a ball of 2 kg towards the other, who catches it, How will this activity affect the
position of the two? Explain your answer.

17. Water sprinkler used for grass lawns begins to rotate as soon as the water is
supplied. Explain the principle on which it works.

18.Using second law of motion, derive the relation between force and acceleration. A
bullet of 10 g strikes a sand-bag at a speed of 103 m s-1 and gets embedded after
travelling 5 cm.

Calculate (i) the resistive force exerted by the sand on the bullet (ii) the time taken by
the bullet to come to rest.

19. Derive the unit of force using the second law of motion.

A force of 5 N produces an acceleration of 8 m s -2 on a mass m1 and an acceleration

20. What is momentum? Write its SI unit. Interpret force in terms of momentum.
Represent the following graphically (a) momentum versus velocity when mass is fixed.
(b) momentum versus mass when velocity is constant.

MOTION

Multiple Choice Questions

1. A particle is moving in a circular path of radius r. The displacement after half a circle
would be:

(a) Zero (b) π r (c) 2 r (d) 2π r

2. A body is thrown vertically upward with velocity u, the greatest height h to which it will
rise is, (a) u/g (b) u2/2g (c) u2/g (d) u/2g

3. The numerical ratio of displacement to distance for a moving object is

(a) always less than 1 (b) always equal to 1 (c) always more than 1 (d) equal or less
than 1

4. If the displacement of an object is proportional to square of time, then the object

(a) uniform velocity (b) uniform acceleration (c) increasing acceleration

5. From the given v – t graph

it can be inferred that the object is

(a) in uniform motion (b) at rest (c) in non-uniform motion (d) moving with uniform
acceleration

6. Suppose a boy is enjoying a ride on a merry-go-round which is moving with a

(a) at rest (b) moving with no acceleration (c) in accelerated motion (d) moving with
uniform velocity

7. Area under a v – t graph represents a physical quantity which has the unit

(a) m2 (b) m (c) m3 (d) m s–1

8. Four cars A, B, C and D are moving on a levelled road. Their distance versus time
graphs are shown in FG

watta

Choose the correct statement

(a) Car A is faster than car D. (b) Car B is the slowest. (c) Car D is faster than car C. (d)
Car C is the slowest.

9. Which of the following figures represents uniform motion of a moving object

10. Slope of a velocity – time graph gives

(a) the distance (b) the displacement (c) the acceleration (d) the speed

11. In which of the following cases of motions, the distance moved and the magnitude of
displacement are equal?

(a) If the car is moving on straight road (b) If the car is moving in circular path

(c) The pendulum is moving to and fro (d) The earth is revolving around the Sun

1. A particle is moving in a circle of diameter 5m. Calculate the distance covered and the
displacement when it competes 3 revolutions.

2. A body thrown vertically upwards reaches a maximum height ‘h’. It then returns to
ground. Calculate the distance travelled and the displacement.

3. A body travels a distance of 15m from A to B and then moves a distance of 20m at
right angles to AB. Calculate the total distance travelled and the displacement.

4. An object is moving in a circle of radius ‘r’. Calculate the distance and displacement
(i) when it completes half the circle (ii) when it completes one full circle.

5. An object travels 16m in 4s and then another 16m in 2s. What is the average speed
of the object?

6. Vishnu swims in a 90m long pool. He covers 180m in one minute by swimming from
one end to the other and back along the same straight path. Find the average speed
and average velocity of Vishnu.

7. In along distance race, the athletics were expected to take four rounds of the track
such that the line of finish was same as the line of start. Suppose the length of the track
was 200m.

(a) What is the total distance to be covered by the athletics?

(b) What is the displacement of the athletics when they touch the finish line?

(c) Is the motion of the athletics uniform or non-uniform?

(d) Is the displacement of an athletic and the distance covered by him at the end of the
race equal?

8. Starting from a stationary position, Bhuvan paddles his bicycle to attain a velocity of
6m/s in 30s. Then he applies brakes such that the velocity of bicycle comes down to
4m/s in the next 5s. Calculate the acceleration of the bicycle in both the cases.

9. Amit is moving in his car with a velocity of 45km/hr. How much distance will he cover
(a) in one minute and (b) in one second.

10. The odometer of a car reads 2000 km at the start of a trip and 2400km at the end of
the trip. If the trip took 8 hr, calculate the average speed of the car in km/hr and m/s.

11. An electric train is moving with a velocity of 120km/hr. How much distance will it
move in 30s?

12. A body is moving with a velocity of 15m/s. If the motion is uniform, what will be the
velocity after 10s?

13. A train travels some distance with a speed of 30km/hr and returns with a speed of
45km/hr. Calculate the average speed of the train.

14. A train 100m long moving on a straight level track passes a pole in 5s. Find (a) the
speed of the train (b) the time it will take to cross a bridge 500m long.

15. A car travels along a straight line for first half time with speed 40km/hr and the
second half time with speed 60km/hr. Find the average speed of the car.

16. A body starts rolling over a horizontal surface with an initial velocity of 0.5m/s. Due
to friction, its velocity decreases at the rate of 0.05m/s2 . How much time will it take for
the body to stop?

17. A car traveling at 36km/hr speeds upto 70km/hr in 5 seconds. What is its
acceleration? If the same car stops in 20s, what is the retardation?

18. A scooter acquires a velocity of 36km/hr in 10seconds just after the start. It takes 20
seconds to stop. Calculate the acceleration in the two cases.

19. On a 120km track, a train travels the first 30 km at a uniform speed of 30 km/hr.
How fast must the train travel the next 90 km so as to average 60 km/hr for the entire
trip?

20. A train travels at 60 km/hr for 0.52 hr; at 30 km/hr for the next 0.24 hr and at 70
km/hr for the next 0.71 hr. What is the average speed of the train?

21.The graph in below figure shows the positions of a body at different times.

Calculate the speed of

the body as it moves from (i) A to B (ii) B to C and (iii) C to D.

22. The velocity time graph of an ascending passenger lift is given below. What is the
acceleration of the lift: (i) during the first two seconds (ii) between 2 nd and 10th second
(iii) during the last two seconds.

23. A body is moving uniformly with a velocity of 5m/s. Find graphically the distance
travelled by it in 5 seconds.

24. Study the speed-time graph of a body shown in below figure and answer the
following questions:
(a) What type of motion is represented by OA?

b) What type of motion is represented by AB?

(c) What type of motion is represented by BC?

(d) Calculate the acceleration of the body.

(e) Calculate the retardation of the body.

(f) Calculate the distance travelled by the body from A to B.

25. In the above question, calculate

(i) distance travelled from O to A

(ii) distance travelled from B to C.

(iii) total distance travelled by the body in 16 sec.

26. A body is accelerating at a constant rate of 10m/s2 . If the body starts from rest, how
much distance will it cover in 2 seconds?

27. An object undergoes an acceleration of 8m/s2 starting from rest. Find the distance
travelled in 1 second.

28. A moving train is brought to rest within 20 seconds by applying brakes. Find the
initial velocity, if the retardation due to brakes is 2m/s2 .

29. A car accelerates uniformly from 18km/h to 36 km/h in 5 seconds. Calculate (i)
acceleration and (ii) the distance covered by the car in that time.

30. A body starts to slide over a horizontal surface with an initial velocity of 0.5 m/s.
Due to friction, its velocity decreases at the rate of 0.05 m/s2 . How much time will it
take for the body to stop?
31. A train starting from the rest moves with a uniform acceleration of 0.2 m/s2 for 5
minutes. Calculate the speed acquired and the distance travelled in this time.

32. A bus was moving with a speed of 54 km/h. On applying brakes, it stopped in 8
seconds. Calculate the acceleration and the distance travelled before stopping.

33. A motor cycle moving with a speed of 5 m/s is subjected to an acceleration of 0.2
m/s2 . Calculate the speed of the motor cycle after 10 seconds and the distance
travelled in this time.

34. The brakes applied to a car produce an acceleration of 6 m/s2 in the opposite
direction to the motion. If the car takes 2 seconds to stop after the application of brakes,
calculate the distance it travels during this time.

35. A train starting from rest attains a velocity of 72 km/h in 5 minutes. Assuming that
the acceleration is uniform, find (i) the acceleration and (ii) the distance travelled by the
train for attaining this velocity.

36. Calculate the speed of the tip of second’s hand of a watch of length 1.5 cm.

37. A cyclist goes once round a circular track of diameter 105m in 5 minutes. Calculate
his speed.

38. A cyclist moving on a circular track of radius 50m complete revolution in 4 minutes.
What is his (i) average speed (ii) average velocity in one full revolution?

39. The length of minutes hand of a clock in 5 cm. Calculate its speed.

40. A car starts from rest and moves along the x-axis with constant acceleration 5m/s2
for 8 seconds. If it then continues with constant velocity, what distance will the car cover
in 12 seconds since it started from the rest?