Science 4

Science – Grade 4
Quarter 1 – Module 3: Materials that Undergo Decay
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Self-Learning Module

Writer: Gerlie L. Rodas
Editor: Corazon B. Natividad
Reviewers: Karen F. Taladtad
Illustrator: Edison P. Clet
Layout Artist: Mark Kihm G. Lara
Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
Aurelio G. Alfonso EdD
OIC-Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Victor M. Javeña EdD
Chief, School Governance and Operations Division and
OIC-Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division

Education Program Supervisors

Librada L. Agon EdD (EPP/TLE/TVL/TVE)

Liza A. Alvarez (Science/STEM/SSP)
Bernard R. Balitao (AP/HUMSS)
Joselito E. Calios (English/SPFL/GAS)
Norlyn D. Conde EdD (MAPEH/SPA/SPS/HOPE/A&D/Sports)
Wilma Q. Del Rosario (LRMS/ADM)
Ma. Teresita E. Herrera EdD (Filipino/GAS/Piling Larang)
Perlita M. Ignacio PhD (EsP)
Dulce O. Santos PhD (Kindergarten/MTB-MLE)
Teresita P. Tagulao EdD (Mathematics/ABM)

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Schools Division of

Pasig City
 Science 4
Quarter 1
Self-Learning Module 3

Materials that Undergo Decay

Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Science 4 Self-Learning Module 3 on Materials that Undergo

Decay

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and

reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
 For the Learner:

Welcome to the Science 4 Self-Learning Module on Materials that Undergo

Decay

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest – This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATIONS

This module is designed and written to make the lesson more

interesting and to provide lifelong learnings. The lesson helps you
understand more about matter and how to group them easily
according to their properties. It will guide you to master the lesson
on the ability of materials to undergo decay. The scope of this
module permits it to be used in many different learning situations.
The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of
students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard
sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can
be changed to correspond with the other learning materials you
are now using.

The module is about materials that undergo decay.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

a. identify and classify materials that undergo decay;
b. apply knowledge on the use of decaying materials on the
real-life situation; and
c. appreciate the importance of decaying materials.

PRETEST

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter
on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Which of the following ripe fruits will take the longest time to
decay?
A. atis C. chico
B. banana D. santol
2. Dry leaves, leftover food, and animal wastes are example of ____.
A. biodegradable C. recyclable
B. non-biodegradable D. residual
3. What is the best way to dispose decaying materials?
A. Make a compost pit.
B. Put it in the garbage bin.
C. Store it inside the cabinet
D. Throw it in your neighbor’s trash bin.
4. How can we avoid or delay the spoilage of cooked food at home?
A. Put it on the table.
B. Keep it in the cabinet.
C. Keep it in the refrigerator.
D. Keep it in the storage with cover.
5. Ana wants to put fertilizer to her plants so that it will grow
healthy. What kind of fertilizer is best to use?
A. Inorganic fertilizer because it is tested
B. Organic fertilizer because it comes from decaying materials
C. Both organic and inorganic fertilizer because both are
good.
D. None of the above

RECAP

Draw an arrow up if it will float and an arrow down if

it will sink in water. Write your answer on a separate sheet of
paper.

1. 2. 3.

4. 5. 5.
 LESSON

Aside from classifying materials based on its ability to float

and sink, we can also classify material base on their ability to
undergo decay.

Take a look at the pictures below. Observe the bread. What

happens to the bread as you can see in the second picture?

Figure1- bread looks fresh and good Figure 2- change color because of mold

The first bread shows that it is safe to eat while the second
one is not because it changes color. Mold is an indication that the
material is starting to undergo decay. Decay is the process of
rotting materials or to be slowly destroyed into bits in the presence
of water, air, and soil. Decaying materials are also called as
biodegradable. Many factors contribute to the decaying process of
materials like sunlight, water, soil, and action of microorganisms.

Aside from molds, another sign that the material undergoes

decaying is when it has a foul or bad smell. You can also notice
bubbles formed on the materials after sometimes. Have you
noticed your mother putting leftover food in the refrigerator? It is
done to avoid or delay spoilage. Microorganism does not grow fast
in cold temperature.
 Look at the dead animals, these animals have worms and flies
that contribute to the decaying process of the materials.

Figure 1- dead rat Figure 2- dead chick

Not all plants and animals decay at the same time. Some
decaying materials take longer time to decay than the other.

ACTIVITIES

For us to learn more about materials that absorb water, let

us try to use the materials you have in the kitchen and answer
the Activity1- “WHERE DO I BELONG”.
ACTIVITY 1 - “WHERE DO I BELONG?”
The following materials are materials that we usually saw in
our kitchen. Classify the materials in the box if it undergoes
decay or not by writing its name on the proper trash bin.
• Gills of fish
• Empty bottle of oil
• Meat bone UNDERGO DO NOT
• Broken glasses DECAY DECAY

• Fruit peelings Example Example

Fish bone Tin can
• Used tissue paper
• Onion peeling
• Empty sachet of
vinegar
• egg shells
• Let’s have another
Wrapper activity. Look at the pictures below. Look
of noodles
for the material that is different from the group. It can be
materials that undergo decay or not.
 ACTIVITY 2 – “SPOT THE DIFFERENCE”
Direction: Choose the letter of material which does not belong to
the group. Tell whether it is decaying or not decaying.

Example:
A. B. C. D.

Answer: C- because gumamela flower is decaying material

1. A. B. C. D.

2. A. B. C. D.

3. A. B. C. D.

4. A. B. C. D.

5. A. B. C. D.
 ACTIVITY 3- “WILL I UNDERGO DECAY OR NOT?”
Direction: Color the circle green if the material will undergo
decay or blue if the material will not undergo decay.

1. Aluminum foil

2. Camote leaves

3. Styrofoam cup

4. Plastic bags

5. Boxes

WRAP-UP

To summarize what you have learned, answer the Activity.

Arrange the scrambled letters to complete the sentence.
____________(NAEGDCYI) is the process of rotting materials or
to be slowly destroyed into bits in the presence of _______(RETAW),
______ (RIA) and ___________(LOIS). Decaying materials are also
called as ____________ (IOBGADABELRED).

VALUING

Decaying materials should be disposed of properly and

immediately because it is hazardous to our health and safety. But
what good things decaying materials contribute to us?

The decaying materials can be compressed underwater and

thick layers of soil over millions of years. They were converted into
fossil fuels such as coal, oil, or natural gas. These fuels are used
by power stations, factories, motor vehicles, and others.

Have you seen this in Pasig Mega Market?

Pic 1- decaying materials

Figure 1- different kinds of vegetables

How do you think these decaying materials can turn into a

useful thing? What do you or your family do to the decaying
materials you have at home?

Figure 2- Compost Pit

We can put it in the compost pit, after a month or so it will

start to decompose and become organic fertilizer. Organic fertilizer
enriches our soil which is best for plant growth. What if you don’t
have space in your backyard to build a compost pit? What
alternative you can do? In your EPP class, you will learn how to
build a do-it-yourself compost pit using a box or an old pail and
soil.
 Do you know this plant?

Figure 3- Water hyacinth

Pasig River has an abundant source of water hyacinth. Water

hyacinth becomes biodegradable waste when removed in the
bodies of water. Pasiguenos eventually learned to weave. They used
water hyacinth as a raw material in making bayong (woven bags)
stylish bags, wallets, home decorations, queen-size banig (sleeping
mat), gown.

POSTTEST

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on
a separate sheet of paper.
1. Your EPP teacher told you to cook a banana cue for your
entrepreneur performance task. Which of the following can
undergo decay?
A. banana peeling C. sugar
B. frying pan D. used oil

2. Which group of materials can undergo decay?

A. box, leftover food, vegetable peeling, bread
B. bread, dead animal, plastic bag, old clothes
C. plastic bottle, dead animal, old shoes, metal spoon
D. box, leftover food, vegetable peeling, candy wrapper
 3. The decaying materials are still useful after it was put into
a compost pit, why?
A. It will become soil pollution
B. It will become organic fertilizer
C. It will become a proper place to compile garbage
D. It will become a breeding place for the flies and
cockroaches

4. Due to CoVid19, all are advised to stay at home, what did

you do with your garbage at home?
A. Put all garbage in one container
B. Let mother takes care of the garbage
C. Let the garbage collector separates the garbage.
D. Separate garbage from decaying and non-decaying.

5. Why it is very important to clean the surfaces of non-

biodegradable material that we are always touching?
A. to keep them old C. to keep them shiny
B. to keep them new D. to kill and avoid Corona virus

KEY TO CORRECTION
B 5.
D 5. 5.Biodegradable 5. green
C 4.
D 4. 4. Soil 4. blue
B 3. 3. blue D 3.
3. Air
A 2. 2. Water 2. green B 2.
A 1. 1. Decaying 1.blue B 1.
Posttest Wrap Up Activity 3 Activity 2
5. onion peelings 5. Wrapper of noodles
4. used tissue paper 4. Egg shells
vinegar B 5.
3. fruit peelings 3. Empty sachet of C 4.
2. meat bone 2. Broken glasses A 3.
1.gills of fish 1.empty bottle of oil A 2.
Undergo Decay Do Not Decay
D 1.
*Answer maybe in any order.
Activity 1 Recap Pretest
 References
Abutay, Lelani R., et al. 2015. Science Learner's Material. Pasig City: Lexicon Press
Inc.
Abutay, Lelani R., et al. 2015. Science Teacher's Guide. Pasig City: Lexicon Press Inc.
Franco., Aurora A., et al. 2014. Exploring the World of Science. Quezon City: Adriana
Publishing Co Inc.
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