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BENEFITS AND IMPORTANCE OF BIODIVERSITY
All organisms found in an

ecosystem including human beings
are part of
the network of life. Each species of
plant, insect, and animal has a
place on earth and has a vital role
in the web of life. These species
interact with and depend upon each
other either for food, shelter, or
oxygen.
Sustaining a vast diversity of species in an ecosystem is essential to

preserve the network that supports all living things. Thus, “it is reckless
to assume that biodiversity can be diminished indefinitely without
threatening humanity itself” (Wilson, 1992).
BENEFICIAL EFFECTS OF BIODIVERSITY
A. Consumptive Value – pertains to the direct utilization or

consumption of goods by humans. Consumptive value refers to
the inherent usefulness or direct utility that goods provide to
humans through their consumption or utilization. It is a measure
of the practical benefits derived from consuming or using certain
products.
The following examples illustrate the different aspects of

consumptive value
This includes:
• Food/drinks- Biodiversity plays a crucial role in providing a

diverse range of food and beverages. Different plant and animal
species contribute to the production of crops, fruits, vegetables,
seafood, and spices. The genetic diversity within species also
allows for the development of improved varieties with desirable
traits, such as disease resistance or higher yields.
• Fuel- Some biofuels, such as ethanol and biodiesel, are

derived from organic matter, including plants and algae.
Biodiversity contributes to the availability of biomass resources
used for producing renewable energy. Additionally, certain
microorganisms are involved in the production of biogas through
anaerobic digestion.
• Medicine- Many pharmaceutical drugs and traditional
medicines are derived from natural sources, including plants,
animals, and microorganisms. Biodiversity provides a vast array
of chemical compounds with potential medicinal properties.
Exploration and study of diverse ecosystems can lead to the
discovery of new drugs and treatments for various diseases.
• Better crop varieties- Biodiversity is essential for improving

crop varieties through crossbreeding and hybridization. Genetic
diversity within crops allows for the selection and breeding of
plants with desirable traits, such as increased yield, resistance
to pests and diseases, and tolerance to environmental stresses.
• Industrial materials- Biodiversity provides various raw materials

used in industries. For example, timber and fibers from different
tree species are used in construction, furniture-making, and the
production of paper and textiles. Other natural resources like
rubber, resins, and oils have industrial applications as well.
B. Non-consumptive Value – refers to all the functions and

services that biodiversity offers, without involving the direct
utilization or consumption of goods. These values are often
related to the ecological processes and interactions within
ecosystems.
This includes:
• Recreation- Biodiversity offers opportunities for recreational

activities and outdoor experiences. People can engage in
activities such as hiking, wildlife watching, birding, camping, and
nature photography. These activities promote physical and
mental well-being, foster a connection with nature, and provide
leisure and enjoyment.
• Education and Research- Biodiversity serves as a valuable

educational and research resource. Studying diverse species
and ecosystems deepens our understanding of ecological
processes, evolution, and the interconnections within
ecosystems. Biodiversity provides a rich context for scientific
research, environmental studies, and conservation efforts. It
also supports educational programs, such as nature
interpretation, environmental education, and awareness
campaigns.
• Traditional Value- Biodiversity holds cultural and traditional

significance for many communities around the world. Indigenous
peoples and local communities often have deep connections to
specific species, ecosystems, and landscapes. Biodiversity
plays a role in their traditional practices, ceremonies, folklore,
and knowledge systems, passing down wisdom about the
natural world from one generation to another.
• Ecological Services- Biodiversity plays a critical role in

providing ecological services, which are the benefits that
ecosystems offer to both humans and other organisms. These
services are essential for the functioning and well-being of
ecosystems.
This includes:
➢ Balance of Nature
➢ Biological Productivity
➢ Regulation of Climate
➢ Degradation of Waste
➢ Cleaning Air and Water
➢ Cycling of Nutrients
➢ Control of Potential Pests and Disease-Causing Species
➢ Detoxification of Soil and Sediments
➢ Stabilization of Land against Erosion
➢ Carbon Sequestration and Global Climate Change
➢ Maintenance of Soil Fertility

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BENEFITS AND IMPORTANCE OF BIODIVERSITY

All organisms found in an

Sustaining a vast diversity of species in an ecosystem is essential to

BENEFICIAL EFFECTS OF BIODIVERSITY

A. Consumptive Value – pertains to the direct utilization or

The following examples illustrate the different aspects of

• Food/drinks- Biodiversity plays a crucial role in providing a

• Fuel- Some biofuels, such as ethanol and biodiesel, are

• Better crop varieties- Biodiversity is essential for improving

• Industrial materials- Biodiversity provides various raw materials

B. Non-consumptive Value – refers to all the functions and

• Recreation- Biodiversity offers opportunities for recreational

• Education and Research- Biodiversity serves as a valuable

• Traditional Value- Biodiversity holds cultural and traditional

• Ecological Services- Biodiversity plays a critical role in

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