PHYSICS – D3

1. A uniform electric field vector E exists along horizontal direction as shown. The electric potential at
A is VA . A small point change q is slowly taken from A to B along the curved path as shown. The
potential energy of the charge when it is at point B is

A) q VA + Ex B) q  Ex − VA  C) qEx D) q VA − Ex

Ans: D)
VA − VB = E.x
VB = VA − E.x
 UB = qVB
UB = q(VA − E.x)

2. A parallel plate capacitor of capacitance C1 with a dielectric slab in between its plates is connected
to a battery. It has a potential difference V1 across its plates. When the dielectric slab is removed,
keeping the capacitor connected to the battery, the new capacitance and potential difference are C2
and V2 respectively. Then,
A) V1  V2 , C1  C2 B) V1  V2 , C1  C2 C) V1 = V2 , C1  C2 D) V1 = V2 , C1  C2
Ans: C)
If dielectric is removed, capacitance decreases but since capacitor is still connected to the cell,
potential difference will remain the same
C1  C2 and V1 = V2

3. A cubical Gaussian surface has side of length a = 10 cm. Electric field lines are parallel to x – axis as
shown. The magnitudes of electric fields through surfaces ABCD and EFGH are
6kNC−1 and 9kNC−1 respectively. Then the total charge enclosed by the cube is [Take
−12
 0 = 9 10 Fm−1 ]
 A) 1.35 nC B) -1.35 nC C) 0.27 nC D) – 0.27 nC
Ans: C)
ABCD = E( A)cos1800
= (6 103 )(10 10−2 )2 (−1)
= 6 103 10−2 (−1)
= −60 Vm
EFGH = ( 9 103 )(10 10−2 ) cos 00
2

= 9 103 10−2 = 90 Vm
Flux through other faces of cube = 0 (  = 900 )
cube = −60 + 90 = 30Vm
 Qin = 30 (8.85 10−12 )
Qin
cube =
0
= 265.5 10−12 C
= 0.265 10−9 C
= 0.27nC

4. Electric field at a distance ‘r’ from an infinitely long uniformly charged straight conductor, having
linear charge density  is E1 . Another uniformly charged conductor having same linear charge
density  is bent into a semicircle of radius ‘r’. The electric field at its centre is E2 . Then
E
A) E2 = 1 B) E1 = E2 C) E1 =  rE2 D) E2 =  rE1
r
Ans: B)
 
E1 = , E2 =
2 0 r 2 0 r
 E1 = E2

5. Five capacitors each of value 1 F are connected as shown in the figure. The equivalent capacitance
between A and B is

A) 1 F B) 2  F C) 5 F D) 3 F

Ans: A)
 The circuit is equivalent to a balanced Wheatstone bridge. Therefore the capacitor in the middle does
not get charged.

1 1
Ceq = + = 1 F
2 2

6. For a given electric current the drift velocity of conduction electrons in a copper wire is Vd and their
mobility is  . When the current is increase at constant temperature
A) Vd remains the same,  increases B) Vd decreases,  remains the same
B) Vd remains the same,  decreases D) Vd increases,  remains the same

Ans: D)

i = nAevd
If current is increased, drift velocity also increases.
v i l
Mobility  = d = 
E  Ae v
i A  v i 
=   = from v = iR 
 Ae i   l A 
1
=
 e
 Mobility doesn’t change.
7. Ten identical cells each emf 2 V and internal resistance 1 are connected in series with two cells
wrongly connected. A resistor of 10 is connected to the combination. What is the current through
the resistor ?
A) 2.4 A B) 0.6 A C) 1.2 A D) 1.8 A
Ans: B)
 eq = 8(2) − 2(2)
= 16 − 4 = 12V
req = 10(1) = 10
Req = req + R
= 10 + 10 = 20
 12 3
i = eq = = = 0.6 A
Req 20 5

8. The equivalent resistance between the points A and B in the following circuit is

A) 5.5 B) 0.05 C) 5 D) 0.5

Ans: A)
Let us assume equivalent resistance is ‘R’. Then circuit can be redrawn as

2R
4+ =R
2+ R
 8 + 4R + 2R = 2R + R2
 R2 − 4R − 8 = 0
 4  16 + 32
R=
2
4 + 6.92
= = 5.46  5.5
2
9. A charged particle is subjected to acceleration in a cyclotron as shown. The charged particle
undergoes increase in its speed

A) Only inside D2 B) Inside D1, D2 and the gaps

C) Only inside D1 D) Only in the gap between D1 and D2

Ans: D)
Electric field is responsible for increase in its speed which is present in between ‘Dees’ only.

10. The resistance of a carbon resistor is 4.7 k  5% . The colour of the third band is
A) Red B) violet C) orange D) gold
Ans: A)
Given Resistance = 4.7k  5%
= 47 102 + 5%
 Third band corresponds to number ‘2’ i.e., Red.

11. The four bands of a colour coded resistor are of the colours grey, red, gold and gold. The value of the
resistance of the resistor is
A) 82   10% B) 8.2   5% C) 82   5% D) 5.2   5%
Ans: B)

1. Grey 2. Red 3. Gold 4. Gold

Grey- 8
Red – 2
Gold - 10 −1
Gold - 5%
 Thus 8.2  5%

12. A wire of resistance R is connected across a cell of emf  and internal resistance r. The current
through the circuit is I. In time t, the work done by the battery to establish the current I is
 2t
A) B) IRt C) I 2 Rt D)  It
R
Ans: D)

 work done by battery to establish a current =  It

13. The Curie temperatures of Cobalt and iron are 1400 K and 1000 K respectively. At T = 1600 K, the
ratio of magnetic susceptibility of Cobalt to that of iron is
7 5 1
A) 3 B) C) D)
5 7 3
Ans: A)
c
= (Curie’s law)
T − Tc
c c
 co = =
1600 − 1400 200
c c
 Fe = =
1600 − 1000 600
co c 600
=  =3
 Fe 200 c
14. The torque acting on a magnetic dipole placed in uniform magnetic field is zero, when the angle
between the dipole axis and the magnetic field is _________
A) 450 B) 600 C) 900 D) zero

Ans: D)
z = MB sin 
If  = 0 , i.e. M & B are parallel to each other
 =0

15. The horizontal component of Earth’s magnetic field at a place is 3 10−5 T . If the dip at that place is
450 , the resultant magnetic field at that place is
 3 3
A) 10−5 T B) 3 10−5 T C) 3 2 10−5 T D) 3 10−5 T
2 2

Ans: C)
BH = 310−5 T
 = 45

 BH = B cos 
 3 10−5 = B.cos 450
 B = 3 2 10−5 T

16. A proton and an alpha-particle moving with same velocity enter a uniform magnetic field with their
velocities perpendicular to the magnetic field. The ratio of radii of their circular paths is
A) 1 :4 B) 4 : 1 C) 1 : 2 D) 2 : 1
Ans: C)
Radius of circular path transverse of by the charged particle is given as:
mv
r=
qB
m
r
q
r m q
 p = p 
r q p m
1
rp mp 2e 1
=  =
r e 2 4 mp 2

17. A moving coil galvanometer is converted into an ammeter of range 0 to 5 mA. The galvanometer
resistance is 90 and the shunt resistance has a value of 10 . If there are 50 divisions in the
galvanometer- turned – ammeter on either sides of zero, its current sensitivity is
A) 1105 A / div B) 2 104 A / div C) 1105 div / A D) 2 104 div / A

Ans: C)
R
Rs = g n→ Factor by which current Range has been increased.
n −1
 90
10 =  n = 10
n −1
5mA
Current Range of Galvanometer=
10
= 5 10−4 A
No. of division
Current sensitivity of Galvanometer=
Rangeof Galvanometer
50
=
5 10−4
= 105 div
A

18. A positively charged particle of mass m is passed through a velocity selector. It moves horizontally
2mv
rightward without deviation along the line y = with a speed v. The electric field is vertically
qB
downwards and magnetic field is into the plane of the paper. Now, the electric field is switched off at
m
t = 0. The angular momentum of the charged particle origin O at t = is
qB

2mE 2 mE 3 mE 2
A) B) zero C) D)
qB3 qB 2 qB 3
Ans: No Correct Option
Particle is moving without Deviation.
qE = qVB
 E = VB
m
In time of t = , it completes half circular motion.
qB
 m
At t = , particle will be at ‘D’
qB
Angular momentum about origin= r⊥  p
4mv
=  mv
qB
4m2 2
= v
qB
2
4m 2  E 
=  
qB  B 
4m2 E 2
=
qB3
19. In series LCR circuit at resonance, the phase difference between voltage and current is
 
A)  B) C) D) zero
4 2
Ans: D)
At resonance

X L = XC
 =0

20. An ideal transformer has a turns ratio of 10. When the primary is connected to 220 V, 50 Hz ac
source, the power output is
1th
A) the power input B) equal to power input
10
C) Zero D) 10 times the power input

Ans: B)
For ideal transformer PI / P = PO / P

21. The current in a coil changes from 2A to 5A in 0.3s. The magnitude of emf induced in the coil is
1.0V. The value of self-inductance of the coil is
A) 100 mH B) 0.1 mH C) 10 mH D) 1.0 mH
Ans A)
∆𝐼
|  | = L∆𝑡

(5−2)
1=L (0.3)
 0.3
L= = 0.1 H
3
= 100mH

22. A metallic rod of length 1 m held along east – west direction is allowed to fall down freely. Given
horizontal component of earth’s magnetic field BH = 310−5 T . The emf induced in the rod at an
instant t = 2s after it is released is
(Take g = 10ms−2 )
A) 3 10−3V B) 3 10−4V C) 6 10−3V D) 6 10−4V

Ans D)
Velocity at 2s under free fall
𝑣 = 𝑢 + 𝑎𝑡
𝑣 = 0 + 10 × 2 = 20m/s
Induced emf e = Blv
= 3 × 10−5 × 1 × 20 = 6 × 10−4 V

23. A square loop of side 2 cm enters a magnetic field with a constant speed of 2 cm s −1 as shown. The
front edge enters the field at t= 0s. Which of the following graph correctly depicts the induced emf in
the loop?
(Take clockwise direction positive)

Ans; C)
From t = 0 to 1 s, emf induced = Blv = constant and current is in anticlockwise direction.

24. For a given pair of transparent media, the critical angle for which colour is maximum?
 (A) Red (B) Blue (C) Violet (D) Green
Ans A)
According to Snell’s law
1
Sin 𝑖𝑐 =
𝑛
According to Cauchy equation
1
𝑛 ∝
𝜆
𝜆𝑅 > 𝜆𝑉
𝑛𝑅 < 𝑛𝑉
So 𝑖𝑐 for Red is maximum.

3
25. An equiconvex lens made of glass refractive index has focal length f in air. It is completely
2
4
immersed in water of refractive index . The percentage change in the focal length is
3
(A) 300% decrease (B) 400% decrease (C) 300% increase (D) 400% increase
Ans: C)
In air
1 1 1
= (𝑛𝑙 − 1) ( − ) − − − (1)
𝑓𝑎 𝑅1 𝑅2
In medium
1 𝑛𝑙 1 1
=( − 1) ( − ) − − − (2)
𝑓𝑚 𝑛𝑚 𝑅1 𝑅2

( 1) 𝑓𝑚 (𝑛𝑙 −1)
=> = 𝑛
( 2) 𝑓𝑎 ( 𝑙 −1)
𝑛𝑚

3
𝑓𝑚 −1 1 8
=( 2 )= ×
𝑓𝑎 3 3 2 1
2×4−1
𝑓𝑚
=4
𝑓𝑎
𝑓
% change in focal length = ( 𝑓𝑚 − 1) × 100 = (4 − 1)𝑋3 = 300% increases
𝑎
26. A point object is moving at a constant speed of 1 ms-1 along the principal axis of a convex lens of
focal length 10 cm. The speed of the image is also 1 ms-1, when the object is at _____ cm from the
optic centre of the lens.
(A) 15 (B) 20 (C) 5 (D) 10
Ans: B)
Velocity of the image for convex lens
𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑢
= (𝑚 2 )
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑣 𝑓 2 𝑑𝑢
= (𝑓+𝑢) × 𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑡
10 2
1 = (10+𝑢) × 1

10
= ±1
10 + 𝑢

10 10
= +1 = −1
10+𝑢 10+𝑢

10 =10+u 10 = −10 − 𝑢
Not possible U = -20cm

27. When light propagates through a given homogeneous medium, the velocities of
(A) Primary wavefronts are lesser than those of secondary wavelets.
(B) Primary wavefronts are greater than or equal to those of secondary wavelets.
(C) Primary wavefront and wavelets are equal.
(D) Primary wavefront are larger than those of secondary wavelets.
Ans: C)
Primary wave front and wavelets are equal because light does not change medium, it is travelling
only in one homogenous medium.
28. Total impedance of a series LCR circuit varies with angular frequency of the AC source connected to
its as shown in the graph. The quality factor Q of the series LCR circuit is
 (A) 2.5 (B) 5 (C) 1 (D) 0.4
Ans: A)
𝑓𝑟 𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑓𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦
𝑄𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 = =
∆𝑓 𝐵𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑤𝑖𝑑𝑡ℎ

500 500
= 600−400 = 200 = 2.5

29. The ratio of the magnitudes of electric field to the magnetic field of an electromagnetic wave is of
the order of
(A) 105 ms-1 (B) 105 ms-1 (C) 108 ms-1 (D) 10-8 ms-1
Ans: C)
𝐸
Speed of light = 𝐵0 = 3 108 m / s
0

So, order = 108 𝑚/𝑠

30. For a point object, which of the following always produces virtual image in air?
(A) Plano-convex lens (B) Convex mirror
(C) Biconvex lens (D) Concave mirror
Ans: B)
Convex mirror always produces the virtual image for all object distance.

31. In an experiment to study photo-electric effect the observed variation of stopping potential with
frequency of incident radiation is as shown in the figure. The slope and y-intercept are

hv hv h h hv0
(A) , v0 (B) ,− (C) hv, −hv0 (D) ,−
e e e e e
Ans: D)
ℎ𝜈 = 𝑒 𝑉0 + ℎ𝜈0
𝑒 𝑉0 = ℎ𝜈 − ℎ𝜈0
 ℎ ℎ
𝑉0 = ( ) 𝜈 − ( ) 𝜈0
𝑒 𝑒
ℎ
𝑠𝑙𝑜𝑝𝑒 =
𝑒
ℎ
𝑦 − 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑡 = − ( ) 𝜈0
𝑒
32. In the Rutherford’s alpha scattering experiment, as the impact parameter increases, the scattering
angle of the alpha particle
(A) is always 900 (B) decreases (C) increases (D) remains the same

Ans: B)
2 𝜃
1 𝑍𝑒 cot 2
𝑏=
4𝜋 ∈0 1 𝑚𝑣 2
2
So, as impact parameter b increases, angle of scattering decreases
33. Three energy levels of the hydrogen atom and the corresponding wavelength of the emitted radiation
due to different transition are as shown. Then,

23 13 12

(A) 1 = (B) 2 = 1 + 3 (C) 2 = (D) 3 =
2 + 3 1 + 3 1 + 2
Ans: C)
ℎ𝑐 ℎ𝑐 ℎ𝑐
=𝜆 +𝜆
𝜆 2 1 3
1 1 1
= +
𝜆2 𝜆1 𝜆3
𝜆1 𝜆3
𝜆2 =
𝜆1 + 𝜆3
34. An unpolarised light of intensity I is passed through two polaroid kept one after the other with their
I
planes parallel to each other. The intensity of light emerging from second polaroid is . The angle
4
between the pass axes of the polaroids is
(A) 00 (B) 600 (C) 300 (D) 450

Ans: D)
 𝐼 𝐼
(cos 𝜃 )2 =
2 4
1
cos 𝜃 =
√2
𝜃 = 45°
35. In the Young’s double slit experiment, the intensity of light passing through each of the two double
slits is 2 10−2Wm−2 . The screen slit distance is very large in comparison with slit-slit distance. The

fringe width is  . The distance between the central maximum and a point P on the screen is x = .
3
Then the total light intensity at that point is
(A) 4 10−2Wm−2 (B) 2 10−2Wm−2 (C) 16 10−2Wm−2 (D) 8 10−2Wm−2
Ans: B)
𝐼0 = 2 × 10−2 𝑊/𝑚2
𝜋𝑥 2
𝐼 = 4 𝐼0 (cos ( ))
𝛽
𝛽
𝑥=
3
𝜋𝛽 2
𝐼 = 4 × 2 × 10−2 (cos ( ))
𝛽(3)
𝜋 2
= 8 × 10−2 (cos ( ))
(3)
−2 (
1 2
= 8 × 10 )
2
= 2 × 10−2 𝑊/𝑚2
36. A 60 W source emits monochromatic light of wavelength 662.5 nm. the number of photons emitted
per second is
(A) 2 1020 (B) 5 1026 (C) 2 1029 (D) 5  1017
Ans: A)
𝑃 𝑃𝜆 60 × 6.629 × 10−7
𝑁= = = = 2 × 1020 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑠
ℎ𝑐 ℎ𝑐 6.629 × 10−34 × 3 × 108
𝜆
37. When a p-n junction diode is in forward bias, which type of charge carriers flows in the connecting
wire?
 (A) Ions (B) Protons (C) Holes (D) Free electrons
Ans: D)
In forward bias, free electrons flow in the connecting wire.

38. A full-wave rectifier with diodes D1 and D2 is used to rectify 50Hz alternating volage. The diode D1
conducts ______ times in one second.
(A) 25 (B) 75 (C) 50 (D) 100
Ans: C)
The diode D1 conducts 50 times in one second.

39. The truth table for the given circuit is

(A)
A B Y
1 1 1
1 0 0
0 1 1
0 0 1

(B)

A B Y
1 1 1
1 0 1
0 1 1
0 0 1

(C)
A B Y
1 1 1
1 0 0
0 1 1
0 0 0
 (D)
A B Y
1 1 1
1 0 1
0 1 0
0 0 1
Ans: B)

40. The energy gap of an LED is 2.4 eV. When the LED is switched ‘ON’, the momentum of the emitted
photons is
(A) 2.56  10−27 kg.m.s−1 (B) 1.28  10−11 kg.m.s−1
(C) 0.64  10−27 kg.m.s−1 (D) 1.28  10−27 kg.m.s−1
Ans: D)
𝐸 = 2.4 𝑒𝑉 = 2.4 × 1.6 × 10−19 𝐽
𝐸 2.4 × 1.6 × 10−19
𝑃= = = 1.28 × 10−27 𝑘𝑔𝑚/𝑠
𝑐 3 × 108

41. In the following equation representing  − decay, the number of neutrons in the nucleus X is
210
83 Bi → X + e−1 + v

(A) 127 (B) 125 (C) 84 (D) 126

Ans : D)
n+ p = 210
n + 83 =210
n = 210 – 83 = 127
After β- decay, number of neutrons decreases by one
n = 127 - 1 =126

42. A nucleus with mass number 220 initially at rest an alpha particle. If the Q value of reaction is 5.5
MeV, calculate the value of kinetic energy of alpha particle.
(A) 5.4 MeV (B) 7.4 MeV (C) 4.5 MeV (D) 6.5 MeV
Ans : A)
Conservation of momentum
myvy = mαvα
𝑚 𝑣
vy = 𝑚𝛼 𝛼
𝑦
Q = KEα + KEY
 1 1 1 1 𝑚𝛼 𝑣𝛼 2
5.5 = 2 mαvα 2 + 2 myvy2 = 2 mαvα 2 + 2 my ( )
𝑚𝑦
1 𝑚
5.5 = 2 mαvα 2 [ 1 + 𝑚∝ ]
𝑦
4
5.5 MeV = K.Eα [ 1 + 216 ]
K.Eα = 5.4 MeV

43. A radioactive sample has half-life of 3 years. The time required for the activity of the sample to
1
reduce to th of its initial value is about
5
(A) 7 years (B) 15 years (C) 5 years (D) 10 years
Ans : A)
A = A0 𝑒 −𝜆𝑡
𝐴0
= A0 𝑒 −𝜆𝑡
5
1
= 𝑒 −𝜆𝑡
5
𝜆𝑡
𝑒 =5
λ×t = 2.303 log 5 -----------(1)
0.693
We know , 𝑡1 = 𝜆
2
0.693
λ= 3
0.693
× t = 2.303 log 5
3
t = 7 years

44. A body of mass 10 kg is kept on a horizontal surface. The coefficient of kinetic friction between the
body and the surface is 0.5. A horizontal force of 60 N is applied on the body. The resulting
acceleration of the body is about
(A) 5 ms-2 (B) 6 ms-2 (C) zero (D) 1 ms-2
Ans : D)
Fnet = F - Fk
10a = 60 - µkN
10a = 60 – 0.5 ×10 × 10
10a = 60 – 50
a = 1m/s2

45. A ball of mass 0.2 kg is thrown vertically down from a height of 10 m. It collides with the floor and
loses 50% of its energy and then rises back to the same height. The value of its initial velocity is
(A) 14 ms-1 (B) 196 ms-1 (C) 20 ms-1 (D) zero
Ans : A)
At a height 10 m,
1
Total energy TE1 = 2 mv2 + mgh
 1
= 2 mv2 + mg ×10
After collision,
1
Total energy, TE2 = 2 × TE1
1 1
= 2 × [ 2 mv2 + mg ×10 ]
At the highest point again at same height 10m,
TE2 = mgh
1 1
× [ 2 mv2 + mg ×10 ] = mg ×10
2
1 1
× mv2 = 2 mg ×10
4
v2 = 2 × g× 10
= 2 × 9.8 × 10
v = √2 × √98
= 196
= 14 m/s
46. The moment of inertia of a rigid body about an axis
(A) does not depend on its shape. (B) depends on the position of axis of rotation.
(C) does not depend on its size (D) does not depend on its mass.
Ans: B)
depends on the position of axis of rotation
47. Seven identical discs are arranged in a planar pattern, so as to touch each other as shown in the
figure. Each disc has mass ‘m’ radius R. What is the moment of inertia of system of six disc about an
axis passing through the centre of central disc and normal to plane of all discs ?

mR 2 mR 2
(A) 100 mR2 (B) 55 (C) 85 (D) 27 mR2
2 2
Ans: B)
I= I1 + I2
𝑚𝑅2
I1 = moment of inertia of center disc = 2
𝑚𝑅2
I2= moment of inertia of six disc = 6{ + 𝑚(2𝑅)2}
2
𝑚𝑅2 𝑚𝑅2
I= + 3𝑚𝑅2 + 24 mR2 = 55
2 2
48. The true length of a wire is 3.678 cm. When the length of this wire is measured using instrument A,
the length of the wire is 3.5 cm. When the length of the wire is measured using instrument B, it is
found to have length 3.38 cm. Then the
(A) measurement with A is more accurate while measurement with B is more precise.
(B) measurement with B is more accurate and precise.
(C) measurement with A is more precise while measurement with B is more accurate.
(D) measurement with A is more accurate and precise.
Ans : A)
Measurement with A is more accurate while measurements with B is more precise

49. A body is moving along a straight line with initial velocity v0 . Its acceleration a is constant. After t
seconds, its velocity becomes v . The average velocity of the body over the given time interval is
v 2 + v0 2 v 2 + v0 2 v 2 − v0 2 v 2 − v0 2
(A) v = (B) v = (C) v = (D) v =
2at at 2at at
Ans: C)
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡
Average velocity =
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒
2 2
𝜈 – 𝜈0 = 2as
𝜈2 –𝜈02
S= 2𝑎

v 2 − v02
Average velocity =
2at
50. A particle is in uniform circular motion. Related to one complete revolution of the particle, which
among the statements is incorrect ?
(A) Displacement of the particle is zero. (B) Average speed of the particle is zero.
(C) Average velocity of the particle is zero. (D) Average acceleration of the particle is zero.
Ans : B)
Average speed of the particle is zero

51. 100 g of ice at 0 0C is mixed with 100 g of water at 100 0C. The final temperature of the mixture is
[Take L f = 3.36  105 J kg −1 and Sw = 4.2  103 J kg −1 k −1 ]
(A) 10 0C (B) 50 0C (C) 1 0C (D) 40 0C
Ans : A)
Let the final temperature is T 0 C
Heat gain by ice = Heat loss by water
m × Lf + m × SW × (T − 0) = m × SW × (100 − T)
100 × 80 + 100 × 1 × T = 100 × 1 × (100 − T) T = 100 C
 52. The P-V diagram of a Carnot’s engine is shown in the graph below. The engine uses 1 mole of an
ideal gas as working substance. From the graph, the area enclosed by the P-V diagram is
[The heat supplied to the gas is 8000 J]

(A) 2000 J (B) 3000 J (C) 1000 J (D) 1200 J

Ans : B
AB is isothermal process
𝑃𝐴 𝑉𝐴 = nRTAB
1600 × 103 × 2.5 × 10−6 = 1 × R × TAB
4
TAB = K
𝑅
CD is isothermal process
𝑃𝐶 𝑉𝐶 = nRTCD
400 × 103 × 6.5 × 10−6 = 1 × R × TCD
2.5
TCD = K
𝑅
TCD
η=1−
TAB

Wnet 2.5⁄
=1− 𝑅 = 0.375
Q addition 4⁄𝑅

Wnet = 0.375 × Q addition

= 0.375 × 8000 J
= 3000 J

53. When a planet revolves around the Sun, in general, for the planet
(A) linear momentum and aerial velocity are constant.
(B) kinetic and potential energy of the planet are constant.
 (C) angular momentum about the Sun and aerial velocity of the planet are constant.
(D) linear momentum and linear velocity are constant.
Ans : C
According to Kepler’s 2nd law of planetary motion, areal velocity and angular momentum is constant.

54. A stretched wire of a material whose Young’s modulus Y = 2  1011 Nm−2 has Poisson’s ratio 0.25. Its
lateral strain l =10−3 . The elastic energy density of the wire is
(A) 1  105 Jm−3 (B) 4  105 Jm−3 (C) 8  105 Jm−3 (D) 16  105 Jm−3
Ans : D
Lateral Strain
Poisson′s ratio =
Longitudinal Strain
Lateral Strain
Longitudinal Strain =
Poisson′s ratio
10−3
= = 4 × 10−3
0.25
1
Elastic energy density = × Stress × Strain
2
1
= × Y ×∈×∈
2
1
= × 2 × 1011 × 4 × 10−3 × 4 × 10−3
2
= 16 × 105 Jm−3

55. A closed water tank has cross-sectional area A. It has s small hole at a depth of h from the free surface
A
of water. The radius of the hole is r so that r  . If Po is the pressure inside the tank above water

level, and Pa is the atmospheric pressure, the rate of flow of the water coming out of the hole is [  is
the density of water]
(P − P )
(A)  r 2 2 gh + 0 a (B)  r 2 2 gH

2( P0 − Pa )
(C)  r 2 gh + (D)  r 2 2 gh


Ans: A
According to Torricelli’s law;
 2(P0 − P)
V = √2gh +
ρ

2(P0 − P)
Rate of flow of the water coming out of hole = AV = πr 2 √2gh +
ρ

56. A positively charged glass rod is brought near uncharged metal sphere, which is mounted on an
insulated stand. If the glass rod is removed, the net charge on the metal sphere is
(A) Zero (B) 1.6 10−19 C (C) Positive charge (D) Negative charge
Ans: A)
net charge of a conductor is zero
57. In the situation shown in the diagram, magnitude of q < < |Q| and r > > a. The net force on the free
charge –q and net torque on it about O at the instant shown are respectively
[p = 2aQ is the dipole moment]

1 pq 1 pq 1 pq 1 pq
(A) k, i (B) − k, − i
4 0 r 2
4 0 r 3 4 0 r 2
4 0 r 3
1 pq 1 pq 1 pq 1 pq
(C) i, + k (D) i, − k
4 0 r 3
4 0 r 2 4 0 r 3
4 0 r 2

Ans: D)
  kp 
F = −qE = −q  3 −i 
r 
( )
1 𝑝𝑞
=4𝜋𝜀 (𝑖̂)
0 𝑟3

1 𝑝𝑞
Torque 𝜏⃗ = 𝑟𝑗̂ × 4𝜋𝜀 (𝑖̂)
0 𝑟3

𝜏⃗ =
1
4𝜋𝜀0 𝑟 3
𝑝𝑞
( −k )
58. Pressure of ideal gas at constant volume is proportional to _____
(A) average potential energy of the molecules
(B) total energy of the gas
(C) average kinetic energy of the molecules
(D) force between the molecules.
Ans: B)
Total internal energy of the gas
2
pv = E  pE
3
59. A block of mass m is connected to alight spring of force constant k. The system is placed inside a
damping medium of damping constant. The instantaneous values of displacement, acceleration and
energy of the block are x, a and E respectively. The initial amplitude of oscillation is A and   is the
angular frequency of oscillations. The incorrect expression related to the damped oscillations is
k b2 1 2 − btm
(A)  = − (B) E = kA e
m 4m 2 2
b
d 2x dx −
(C) m 2
+ b + kx = 0 (D) x = Ae m
cos(t +  )
dt dt
Ans: D)
- 𝑏𝑡
X=A e (cos 𝜔′t+∅)
2𝑚
− bt
x = Ae 2 m cos (t +  )

Is the correct solution of the displacement

60. The speed of sound in an ideal gas at a given temperature T is v. The rms speed of gas molecules at
that temperature is vrms. The ratio of the velocities v and vrms for helium and oxygen gases are X and
X
X  respectively. Then is equal to
X
 5 5 21 21
(A) (B) (C) (D)
21 21 5 5
Ans: A)

 𝑅𝑇
v=√ ------- (1)
𝑀

3𝑅𝑇
Vrms=√ -------- (2)
𝑀

√
 𝑅𝑇
𝑣 𝑀 
x=𝑣 = =√ 3
𝑟𝑚𝑠 3𝑅𝑇
√
𝑀

𝑥  𝐻𝑒 5
3 25 5
=√ =√ =√ =
𝑥′  7
5
21 √21
𝑜2

*******