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Operating System Structure System Component

Introduction Introduction

Objectives of an Objectives of an
Operating Operating
System System Process Management: a process is only ONE instant of
History of History of a program in execution. There are many processes can
Operating Operating
System System be running the same program. The five major activities
System components of an operating system in regard to process
Function of an Function of an
Operating
Operating
System
Operating system services System
management are:
Memory Management
Process Management System calls and system programs
Memory Management
Process Management
Creation and deletion of user and system processes.
Device Management Device Management Suspension and resumption of processes.
File Management File Management
Other Important Activities Other Important Activities A mechanism for process synchronization.
Types of Types of A mechanism for process communication.
Operating Operating
System System A mechanism for deadlock handling.
Batch operating system Batch operating system
Time-sharing operating Time-sharing operating
systems systems
Disadvantages of Disadvantages of
Timesharing operating Timesharing operating
systems systems
Distributed operating Distributed operating
System System
Real Time operating Real Time operating
System System
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System Component System Component

Introduction Introduction
Objectives of an Objectives of an
Operating
Main-Memory Management: main-Memory is a large Operating
System System File Management: A file is a collected of related
array of words or bytes. Each word or byte has its own
History of History of information defined by its creator. Computer can store
Operating address. Main memory is a repository of quickly Operating
System System files on the disk (secondary storage), which provide long
accessible data shared by the CPU and I/O devices. The
Function of an Function of an term storage.
Operating major activities of an operating system in regard to Operating
System
memory-management are: System The creation and deletion of files.
Memory Management Memory Management
The creation and deletion of directions.
Process Management
Keep track of which part of memory are currently being Process Management
Device Management Device Management The support of primitives for manipulating files and
File Management
used and by whom. File Management
Other Important Activities Other Important Activities directions.
Decide which processes are loaded into memory when
Types of Types of The mapping of files onto secondary storage.
Operating memory space becomes available. Operating
System System The backup of files on stable storage media.
Batch operating system
Allocate and deallocate memory space as needed. Batch operating system
Time-sharing operating Time-sharing operating
systems systems
Disadvantages of Disadvantages of
Timesharing operating Timesharing operating
systems systems
Distributed operating Distributed operating
System System
Real Time operating Real Time operating

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System Component System Component

Introduction Introduction

Objectives of an Objectives of an
Operating
Networking: A distributed system is a collection of
Operating
System
System
processors that do not share memory, peripheral
I/O System Management: One of the purposes of an History of
History of
Operating devices, or a clock. The processors communicate with
Operating operating system is to hide the peculiarities of specific System
System one another through communication lines called network.
Function of an
hardware devices from the user. Function of an
Operating
Operating Protection System: Protection refers to mechanism for
System Secondary-Storage Management: Generally speaking, System
Memory Management controlling the access of programs, processes, or users
Memory Management
Process Management
systems have several levels of storage, including primary Process Management
Device Management to the resources defined by a computer system.
Device Management
storage, secondary storage and cache storage. File Management
File Management Other Important Activities
Command Interpreter System: A command interpreter is
Other Important Activities
Instructions and data must be placed in primary storage Types of
Types of Operating an interface of the operating system with the user. The
Operating or cache to be referenced by a running program. System
System Batch operating system
user gives commands with are executed by operating
Batch operating system
Time-sharing operating
Time-sharing operating
systems system (usually by turning them into system calls).
systems Disadvantages of
Timesharing operating
Disadvantages of
systems
Timesharing operating
systems Distributed operating
System
Distributed operating
System Real Time operating
System
Real Time operating Mrs. Zakka Operating System I October 19, 2022 31/69
System
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Operating System Services System Calls and system Programs

Introduction
Introduction
Program Execution: The system must be able to load a Objectives of an
Objectives of an
Operating program into memory and to run it. The program must be Operating
System
System
able to end its execution, either normally or abnormally History of
History of
Operating (indicating error). Operating
System System Calls and System Programs: System calls
System

Function of an
I/O Operations: A running program may require I/O. This Function of an provide the interface between a process and the
Operating
Operating
System
I/O may involve a file or an I/O device. System operating system. These calls are generally available as
Memory Management
Memory Management
Process Management File System Manipulation: The output of a program may Process Management assembly-language instructions, and are usually listed in
Device Management
Device Management
File Management
need to be written into new files or input taken from File Management the manuals used by assembly-language programmers.
Other Important Activities
Other Important Activities
some files. The operating system provides this service.
Types of Types of
Operating
Operating
System
Error Detection: An error is one part of the system may System
Batch operating system
Time-sharing operating
cause malfunctioning of the complete system. To avoid Batch operating system
Time-sharing operating
systems
Disadvantages of
such a situation the operating system constantly systems
Disadvantages of
Timesharing operating Timesharing operating
systems monitors the system for detecting the errors. systems
Distributed operating Distributed operating
System System
Real Time operating Real Time operating
System
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