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    Fire Norms Design Standards

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    MORISETY DHARMINI 122015501025
    The document provides design standards for fire safety in educational buildings. It outlines requirements for exit arrangements, including locating exits within 22.5m of all points in a floor and having at least two separate exits available in every floor area. It also discusses requirements for corridors, passageways, doorways, staircases, air conditioning, chimneys, and emergency and escape lighting. Staircases must be of an enclosed type and constructed of non-combustible materials. External staircases must be separate and remote from internal staircases. Emergency lighting must operate for a minimum of 1 hour and 30 minutes during a power outage.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Fire Norms Design Standards

    Uploaded by

    MORISETY DHARMINI 122015501025
    25 views6 pages
    The document provides design standards for fire safety in educational buildings. It outlines requirements for exit arrangements, including locating exits within 22.5m of all points in a floor and having at least two separate exits available in every floor area. It also discusses requirements for corridors, passageways, doorways, staircases, air conditioning, chimneys, and emergency and escape lighting. Staircases must be of an enclosed type and constructed of non-combustible materials. External staircases must be separate and remote from internal staircases. Emergency lighting must operate for a minimum of 1 hour and 30 minutes during a power outage.

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    FIRE NORMS DESIGN STANDARDS

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    The document provides design standards for fire safety in educational buildings. It outlines requirements for exit arrangements, including locating exits within 22.5m of all points in a floor and having at least two separate exits available in every floor area. It also discusses requirements for corridors, passageways, doorways, staircases, air conditioning, chimneys, and emergency and escape lighting. Staircases must be of an enclosed type and constructed of non-combustible materials. External staircases must be separate and remote from internal staircases. Emergency lighting must operate for a minimum of 1 hour and 30 minutes during a power outage.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    25 views6 pages

    Fire Norms Design Standards

    Uploaded by

    MORISETY DHARMINI 122015501025
    The document provides design standards for fire safety in educational buildings. It outlines requirements for exit arrangements, including locating exits within 22.5m of all points in a floor and having at least two separate exits available in every floor area. It also discusses requirements for corridors, passageways, doorways, staircases, air conditioning, chimneys, and emergency and escape lighting. Staircases must be of an enclosed type and constructed of non-combustible materials. External staircases must be separate and remote from internal staircases. Emergency lighting must operate for a minimum of 1 hour and 30 minutes during a power outage.

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    You are on page 1of 6

    FIRE NORMS

    NBC 2016
    Design standards
    6 ARRANGEMENT OF EXIT
    6.1 Exits from the upper floor should be so located that no point in
    the floor is more than 22.5 m from the nearest exit, for the Type I,
    Type II and Type III construction. NOTE - Type IV construction is not
    allowed for construction of educational buildings.

    6.2 Exits should be so arranged that at least two separate exits are
    available in every floor area. Exits shall be as remote from each
    other as practicable and so arranged that there are no pockets or
    dead ends of appreciable size in which occupants may be trapped.

    6.3 Every room with a capacity of 45 persons in area shall have at


    least two doorways.

    6.4 Elevators, lifts and escalators shall not be counted as exits.

    6.5 Fire escapes constitute only means of the required exit and
    should not be taken into account in calculating the evacuation time
    of the building. Fire escapes shall always be kept in sound operating

    7 CORRIDOR AND PASSAGE WAYS


    7.1 Exit corridors and passage ways shall be of width not less than
    the aggregate required width of exit doorways leading from them in
    the direction of travel to the exterior.

    7.2 Where stairways discharge through corridors and passageways, the


    height of corridors and passageways shall be not less than 2.4 m.

    7.3 All internal staircase, lift, lobbies and corridors should be


    adequately ventilated and illuminated.

    8 DOORWAYS
    8.1 No exit doorway shall be less than 1 m in width except assembly
    halls where door width should not be less than 2 m.

    8.2 The height of door shall not be less than 2 m.

    8.3 These shall be opening-outwardly.

    8.4 Overhead or sliding door shall not be installed. NOTE - In case


    of buildings where there is Central Corridor the door shall open
    inwards to allow smooth flow of traffic in the corridor.

    8.5 These shall be openable from inside and shall not be opening
    immediately on flight.

    9 STAIRCASE
    9.1 Any building having area more than 500 m2 on each floor and 15 m
    or more in height shall have minimum two staircases of enclosed type;
    at least one of these shall be on external wall and shall directly

    IS 14435 : 1997;pg.no:1,2
    open to exterior, interior open space or to an open place of safety.
    Further the provision or otherwise of alternative staircase shall be
    subject to the requirements of travel distance being complied with.
    9.2 Internal Staircases
    9.2.1 Internal stairs shall be constructed of noncombustible
    materials throughout. Hollow combustible construction shall not be
    permitted.

    9.2.2 Internal staircases shall be constructed as a self-contained


    unit with an external wall constituting at least one ofits sides and
    shall be completely enclosed.

    9.2.3 Staircase shall not be arranged round a lift shaft.

    9.2.4 No gas piping shall be laid in the stairway.

    9.2.5 Notwithstanding, the detailed provision for exits in the


    educational buildings, the width ofstaircase shall not be less than
    1.5 m up to a height of 30 m. NOTE - Buildings above 30 m height are
    not permitted.

    9.2.6 Minimum width of treads shall not be less than 300 mm. The
    treads should be constructed and maintained in a manner to prevent
    slipping.

    9.2.7 Maximum height of riser shall not be more than 150 mm and
    number shall be limited to 15 per flight.

    9.2.8 Height of railing shall be more than 1 m. Gap between verticles


    should not exceed 200 mm. The gap should be reduced to 150 mm where
    small children are likely to use the staircase.

    9.2.9 The number of people in between floor landings in staircase


    shall not be less than the population on each floor for the purpose
    of design of staircase.
    The other main parameters for the design of staircase are as given
    below:
    a) The minimum head room in a passage under the landing of a
    staircase and under the staircase shall be 2.2 m.
    b) For building 15 m in height or more, access to main staircase
    shall be through a fire smoke check door or 1 h fire resistance
    IS 14435 : 1997;pg.no: 2
    rating. Fire resistance rating may be reduced to half an hour for
    residential buildings.
    c) No living space, store or other fire risk shall open directly into
    the staircase or staircases.
    d) External exit door of staircase enclosure at ground level shall-
    open directly to the open spaces or through a draught lobby, if
    necessary.
    e) The main staircase and external staircase shall be continuous from
    ground floor to the terrace level.
    f) No electrical shafts/AC ducts or gas pipe, etc, shall pass through
    the staircases. Lift shall not open in staircase.
    g) No combustible material shall be used for decoration/ wall
    panelling in the staircase.
    h) Beams/columns and other building feature shall not reduce the head
    room/width of the staircase.
    i) The exit sign with arrow indicating the way to the escape route
    shall be provided at a suitable height from the floor level on the
    wall and shall be illuminated by electric light connected to corridor
    circuits. All exit way marking signs shall be flush with the wall and
    so designed that no mechanical damage shall occur to them due to
    moving of furniture or other heavy equipments. Further, all landings
    of floor shall have floor indicating boards prominently indicating
    the number of floor as per bye-laws.
    j) The floor indication board shall be placed on the wall immediately
    facing the flight of stairs and nearest to the landing. It shall be
    of size not less than 0.5 x 0.5 m.
    k) Individual floors shall be prominently indicated on the wall
    facing the staircases.
    l) In case of single staircase it shall terminate at the ground floor
    level and the access to the basement shall be by a separate
    staircase. However, the second staircase may lead to basement levels
    provided the same is separated at ground level by ventilated lobby
    with discharge points to two different ends through enclosures.

    IS 14435 : 1997;pg.no: 2
    IS 14435 : 1997;pg.no: 2
    IS 14435 : 1997;pg.no: 2
    9.3 External Stairs
    9.3.1 All external stairs shall be directly connected to the ground.

    9.3.2 Entrance to the external staircases shall be separate and


    remote from the internal staircase.

    9.3.3 Care shall be taken to ensure that no wall opening or window


    opens on to or close to a external staircase.

    9.3.4 The route to the external stairs shall be free from


    obstructions at all times.

    9.3.5 ‘The external staircase shall beconstructed of non-combustible


    materials, preferably of masonry and any doorway leading to it should
    have the required fire resistance.

    9.3.6 No external staircase, used as a fire escape, should be


    inclined at an angle greater than 45’ to the horizontal. 9.3.7
    External stairs shall have straight flight not less than 1 m wide
    with 200 mm treads and risers not more than 190 mm. The number of
    risers shall be limited to 15 per flight.

    9.3.8 Hand rails shall be of a height not less than 1 m and not
    exceeding 1.2 m.

    9.4 In case the educational building has got a mixed occupancy such
    as auditorium, etc, necessary recommendations for exits as per the
    requirements as given in SP 7 : 1983 shall be followed.

    10 AIR CONDITIONING
    10.1 In some educational institutions, a part of it may be having air
    conditioning arrangement. In case of room air conditioning, no extra
    precautions than laid down are required. In cases, like auditorium
    and laboratories having central air conditioning system, the measures
    as laid down in IS 1642 should apply.

    11 CHIMNEYS
    11.1 Where chimneys are used, the requirements shall be as laid down
    in IS 1642 and IS 164

    IS 14435 : 1997;pg.no: 3
    15 EMERGENCY AND ESCAPE LIGHTING
    15.1 Emergency lighting shall be powered from a source independent of
    that supplying normal Iighting.

    15.2 The emergency lighting shall be provided to be put on within 5


    second (preferably within 1 second) of the failure of the normal
    lighting supply.

    15.3 Emergency lighting luminaries and their fittings shall be non-


    flammable.

    15.4 It is essential that the wiring and installations of the


    emergency lighting systems are of high qualityso as to ensure their
    perfect serviceability at all times.

    15.5 The emergency lighting system shall be capable of continuous


    operation for a minimum duration of 1 h 30 min even for smallest
    premises.

    15.6 It shall be ensured that the emergency lighting system is well


    maintained by periodical inspections and tests so as to ensure their
    perfect serviceability at all times.

    15.7 Escape lighting shall be capable of:


    a) Indicating clearly and unambiguously the escape routes,
    b) Providing adequate illumination along such routes to allow safe
    movement ~of persons towards and through exit,
    c) Ensuring that fire~alarm call point and lirefighting equipments
    provided along the escape routes can be readily located.

    15.8 Escape lighting luminaries shall be sited to cover the following


    locations:
    a) Near each intersection of corridors,
    b) At each exit door
    c) Near each change of direction in the escape route
    d) Near each staircases so that each flight of stair receives direct
    light
    e) Near any other change of floor level,
    f) Outside each final exit and close to it
    g) Near each fire alarm call point
    h) Near fire-fighting equipment
    i) To illuminate exit and safety signs as required by the enforcing
    authority.NOTE - For the purpose of this clause ‘near’ is
    normally considered to be within 2 m measured horizontally.

    IS 14435 : 1997;pg.no: 4

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