Problem 7.

1
Determine the soil pressure distribution under the footing.

Elevation

Plan

e   1.5 ft
M 180
P 120

(a) B= L= 8 ft
e  1.5 ft   1.33 ft
L
6

1
 q2      4.92 kip/ft 2
P 6 (P e) 180 6 (180)


2 3
BL BL 8(8) 8

q1      0.7 kip/ft 2
P 6 P e 180 6 (180)
2 3
BL BL 8(8) 8

(b) L=10 ft B =5 ft
e  1.5 ft   1.66 ft
L
6
q2      5.76 kip/ft 2
P 6 (P e) 180 6 (180)


2 2
BL BL 5(10) (5)(10)

q1      1.42 kip/ft 2
P 6Pe 180 6 (180)
2
BL BL 5(10) (5)(10) 2

Problem 7.2
Determine the soil pressure distribution under the footing. Use a factor of 1.2 for DL and 1.6 for
LL.

Elevation

Plan

P u  1.2 PD  1.6 PL  1.2(200)  1.6(250)  640 kN

M u  1.2 M D  1.6 M L  0  1.6(64)  64 kN-m

2
e   0.1 m   0.5 m
Mu 64 L
Pu 640 6

q u1      85.32 kN/m 2
Pu 6 (Pu e) 640 6 (64)


2 3
BL BL 3(3) 3

qu 2      56.88 kN/m 2
Pu 6 Pu e 640 6 (64)
2 3
BL BL 3(3) 3

Problem 7.3
The effective soil pressure is 4 kip/ft 2 . Determine the maximum allowable value
for L.

Elevation Plan

e   .3478 ft
M 48
P 138
Assume e    2  4
L P 6 M 138 6 (48)
2
6 L L3 L L3

4Lreq 3  138Lreq  288  0 L  6.72 ft

3
The allowable soil pressure is qallowable  250 kN/m2 , γsoil  18 kN/m3 , γconc  24 kN/m3 ,
Problem 7.4

PD = 1000 kN and PL = 1400 kN.

Plan

Elevation

P D+L  1000  1400  2400 kN

qeffective  qallowable  γconc t  γsoil (h-t)  250  24(.4) 18(1  .4)  229.6 kN/m 2

P u  1.2 PD  1.6 PL  1.2(1000)  1.6(1400)  3440 kN

qu 
Pu
L1 L 2

Vu ( x)  L 2 q u (  )
L1 a
2 2
L q L a
M u ( x)  2 u  1  
2

2  2 2

4
(a) A square footing (L1= L2 = L)

 q effective  229.6 kN/m 2

P D+L
2
L

L  3.23 m use L  3.25 m

2400
229.6

qu    326 kN/m2
Pu 3440
2
L 3.25(3.25)

Vu max  L q u (  )  (3.25)(326)(1.625  .225)  1483 kN

L a
2 2
L q u  L a  (3.25)(326)
     (1.625  .225)2  1038 kN-m
2

2  2 2
M u max
2

(b)A rectangular footing with L2 = 2.5 m.

 q effective  229.6 kN/m 2

P D+L
L1 (L 2 )

L1   4.18 m use L1  4.2 m

2400
2.5(229.6)

5
 qu    327.6 kN/m2
Pu 3440
L1 L2 2.5(4.2)

Vu max  L 2 q u (  )  (2.5)(327.6)(2.1  .225)  1536 kN

L1 a
2 2
L q  L a  (2.5)(327.6)
 2 u 1   (2.1  .225) 2  1440 kN-m
2

2  2 2
M u max
2

Problem 7.5
A 350 mm x 350 mm column is to be supported on a shallow foundation. Determine the

is qeffective  180 kN/m2 .

dimensions (either square or rectangular) for the following conditions. The effective soil pressure

(a) The centerline of the column coincides with the centerline of the footing.

Plan

Elevation

q    q effective
P 6 (P e)
L1 L 2 L 2 L12

  180
240 6 (550)
2.5L1 2.5L12

180L12  220L1  576  0  L1  2.5 m

6
(b) The center line of the column is 0.75meter from the property line.

Plan Elevation

q    q effective
P 6 (P e)
L1 L 2 L 2 L12

 L 
6  ( 1  .75)(550)  240 
550
  2   180
2
2.5L1 2.5L1
180 L12  880 L1  652.5  0  L1  3.97 m use L1  4 m

(c) The center line of the column is 0.5 meter from the centroid of the footing.

7
 Plan Elevation

q    q effective
P 6 (P e)
L1 L 2 L 2 L12

  180
550 6 (515)
2.5L1 2.5L12

180 L12  220 L1  1236  0  L1  3.3 m

Problem 7.6
A combined footing supports two square columns: Column A is 14 inches x 14 inches and
carries a dead load of 140 kips and a live load of 220 kips. Column B is 16 inches x 16 inches

qe  4.5 k/ft 2 . Assume the soil pressure distribution is uniform. Determine the footing
and carries a dead load of 260 kips and a live load of 300 kips. The effective soil pressure is

8
dimensions for the following geometric configurations. Establish the shear and moment diagrams
corresponding to the factored loading, Pu =1.2 PD +1.6 PL.

9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
Problem 7.7
Column A is 350 mm x 350 mm and carries a dead load of 1300 kN and a live load of 450 kN.
Column B is 450 mm x 450 mm and carries a dead load of 1400 kN and a live load of 800 kN.
The combined footing shown below is used to support these columns. Determine the soil
pressure distribution and the shear and bending moment distributions along the longitudinal
direction corresponding to the factored loading, Pu =1.2 PD +1.6 PL.

Elevation

20
 Plan

21
22
23
Problem 7.8
Dimension a strap footing for the situation shown. The exterior column A is 14 inches x 14
inches and carries a dead load of 160 kips and a live load of 130 kips; the interior column B is 18
inches x 18 inches and carries a dead load of 200 kips and a live load of 187.5 kips; the distance

bear directly on the soil. Take the effective soil pressure as qe  4.5 k/ft 2 . Draw shear and
between the center lines of the columns is 18 ft. Assume the strap is placed such that it does not

moment diagrams using a factored load of Pu =1.2 PD +1.6 PL.

24
 Plan

Elevation

25
Problem 7.9
Column A is 350 mm x 350 mm and carries a dead load of 1300 kN and a live load of 450 kN.
Column B is 450 mm x 450 mm and carries a dead load of 1400 kN and a live load of 800 kN.
A strap footing is used to support the columns and the center line of Column A is 0.5 meter from
the property line. Assume the strap is placed such that it does not bear directly on the soil.
Determine the soil pressure distribution and the shear and bending moment distributions along
the longitudinal direction corresponding to the factored loading, Pu =1.2 PD +1.6 PL.

26
 Elevation

Plan

27
28
Problem 7.10
An exterior 18 in x18 in column with a total vertical service load of P1 = 180 kips and an interior
20 in x20 in column with a total vertical service load of P2 = 240 kips are to be supported at each
column by a pad footing connected by a strap beam. Assume the strap is placed such that it does
not bear directly on the soil.
(a) Determine the dimensions L1 and L 2 for the pad footings that will result in a uniform
effective soil pressure not exceeding 3 k/ft 2 under each pad footing. Use ¼ ft increments.

(b) Determine the soil pressure profile under the footings determined in part (a) when an
additional loading, consisting of an uplift force of 80 kips at the exterior column and an
uplift force of 25 kips at the interior column, is applied.

29
30
31
32
33
Problem 8.1
For the concrete retaing wall shown, determine the factors of safety against sliding and
overturning and the base pressure distribution.

Pa  γsoil H 2 k a  (18)(3.5) 2 ( )  49 kN
1 1 1
2 2 3
 Pa ( )  49( )  57.16 kN-m
H 3.5
M
overturning 3 3

W1  (24)(0.75)(3)(1)  54 kN

W2  (24)( )(1.25)(1)  45 kN
3

W3  (24)(2)(0.5)(1)  24 kN
2

N  N   Wi  123 kN
Fmax   N  .5(123)  61.5 kN

F.S. sliding    1.25

Fmax 61.5
Pa 49

 W1 (1.625)  W2 ( )(1.25)  W3 (1)  149.2 kN-m

2
M
resisting 3

   2.6
M 149.2
resisting
F.S.
overturning M 57.16
M net  M  Moverturning  92 kN-m
overturning

resisting

Page 1 of Chapter I 1
x  .748
M net
N
e  x=.25 m
L

N  6 e  123  6(.25) 
2

q1  1   1    107.6 kN/m
L  L  2  2 
2

N  6 e  123  6(.25) 
q2  1   1    15.3 kN/m
L  L  2  2 
2

Problem 8.2
For the concrete retaing wall shown, determine the factors of safety against sliding and
overturning and the base pressure distribution. Use the Rankine theory for soil pressure
computations.

Page 2 of Chapter I 2
Pa  γsoil H 2 k a  (18)(3.5) 2 ( )  49 kN
1 1 1
2 2 3
 Pa ( )  49( )  57.16 kN-m
H 3.5
M
overturning 3 3

W1  (24)(0.75)(3)(1)  54 kN

W2  (24)( )(1.25)(1)  45 kN
3

W3  (24)(3)(0.5)  36 kN
2

W4  (18)(3)(1)  24 kN

N   Wi  189 kN
Fmax   N  .5(123)  94.5 kN

F.S. sliding    1.928

Fmax 94.5
Pa 49
M  314.23 kN-m
resisting

   5.49
M 314.23
resisting
F.S.
overturning M 57.16
overturning

M net  M  M overturning  257 kN-m

resisting

x  1.36 m
M net
N
e  x  1.5  1.36  .14 m
L
2

N  6 e 
q1  1    45.4 kN/m
L  L 
2

N  6 e 
q2  1    8.1 kN/m
L  L 
2

Page 3 of Chapter I 3
Problem 8.3
For the concrete retaining wall shown, determine the factors of safety against sliding and
overturning and the base pressure distribution. Use the Rankine theory for soil pressure
computations

Page 4 of Chapter I 4
 Pa  k a γs H 2  ( )(.12)(14) 2  3.92 kip
1 1 1
2 2 3

W1 = .15 (2) (12)  3.6 kip

W2 = .15 ( )(4 )(12)  3.6 kip

1
2
W3 = .15 (2) (13)  3.9 kip
W4 = .12 (4) (12)  5.76 kip

N  W1  W2  W3  W4  16.86 kip
The normal and horizontal forces are

Fmax   N  .5 (16.86) = 8.43 kips

Next we compute the factors of safety.

  2.15
Fmax 8.43
F.S.sliding =
Pa 3.92

 Pa ( )  3.92( )  18.24 k-ft

H 14
M Boverturning
3 3

M Bresisting  W1 (8)+W2 (2.67)+W3 (6.5)+W4 (11)

 3.6 (8)+3.6 (2.67)+3.9(6.5)+5.76(11)  127.1 k-ft

   6.97
M Bresisting 127.1
F.S.
overturning M Boverturning 18.24

Page 5 of Chapter I 5
 M Bnet  M Bresisting  M Boverturning  108.86 k-ft

x    6.45ft
M Bnet 108.86
N 16.86

e  x   6.45  .05 ft
L 13
2 2
Using the above values, the peak pressures are

q ) (1   q1  1.38 kip/ft 2 q 2  1.27 kip/ft 2

N 6e 16.86 6(.05)
(1 ± )
L L 13 13

Problem 8.4

Page 6 of Chapter I 6
F.S. sliding  ( ) ( 2 ) (1  1 )
μ γc b b
k a γs H b2

1.25  ( 2 ) (1  )  b 2  8.33
.5 (.15) b 1
(1/ 3) (.12) 14 b2

2 γc  b2  
 1  b1  b1  
   1     
2 2

k a γs  H   2  b2  b2 
 
F.S.
overturning

F.S. sliding  ( ) ( 2 ) (1  1 )
μ γc b b
k a γs H b2

2(.15)  b2  
 1 1  1
   1       1.75
2 2

(1/3) (.12)  14   2  b2  b2 


F.S.
overturning

For b2  8.33
2(.15)  8.33  
 1 1  1 

   1       2.95  1.75
2 2

(1/3) (.12)  14   2  8.33  8.33 

 
F.S.
overturning

Problem 8.5
Assume: γsoil= 0.12 k/ft , γconcrete = 0.15 k/ft , µ= .5 and Φ = 300
3 3

Page 7 of Chapter I 7
Pa  γsoil H 2 k a  (.12)(22) 2 ( )  9.68 kip
1 1 1
2 2 3
Ps  k a ws H = ( ) (.2) (22)  1.47
1
3
Pp  k p γs H'2  (3)(.12)(4) 2  2.88 kip
1 1
2 2

F horizontal  Pa + Ps  Pp  8.27 kip

 Pa ( )  Ps ( )  9.68 ( )  1.47( )  87.15

H H 22 22
M
overturning 3 2 3 2

W1  .15 (1) (20.5)  3.075

W2  .15 (.5) ( )  .77

20.5
2
W3  .15 (b11) (1.5)  2.475
W4  .12 (6) (20.5)  14.76
W5  .12 (2.5) (3.5)  1.05

N   W  22
Fmax   N  11
i

 Fhorizontal 8.27
  1.33
Fmax 11
F.S.sliding =

Page 8 of Chapter I 8
M Bresisting  W1 (4.5)+W2 (3.83)+W3 (5.5)+W4 (8)+W5 (1.75)+Pp (1.33)
 3.075(4.5)+.768(3.83)+2.475(5.5)+14.76(8)+1.05(1.75)+2.88(1.33)  154 kip-ft

F.S.overturning    1.76
M Bresisting 154
M Boverturning 87.15

M Bnet  M Bresisting  M Boverturning  66.85 kip-ft

x    3ft
M Bnet 66.85
N 22

e  x   3  3.5 ft  1.83
L 11 L
2 2 6

N  q1 
q1 (3a) (22)(2)
=4.89 kip/ft 2
2 3(3)

Problem 8.6
Allowable soil pressure = 5.0 ksf , γsoil =.12 k/ft 3 and γconcrete =.15 k/ft 3

Page 9 of Chapter I 9
 Pa  k a γs H 2  ( )(.12)(24) 2  11.52 kip
1 1 1
2 2 3
M B overturning  Pa ( )  11.52( )  92.16 kip-ft
H 24
3 3

Page 10 of Chapter I 10
 W1 = .15 (1) (21)  3.15 kip

W2 = .15 ( )(.5 )(21)  .78 kip

1
2
W3 = .15 (3) (13)  5.85 kip
W4 = .12 (8) (21)  20.1 kip

N   W  30 kip
Fmax   N  .5 (30) = 15 kips
i

  1.3
Fmax 15
F.S.sliding =
Pa 11.52

M Bresisting  W1 (4.5)+W2 (3.83)+W3 (6.5)+W4 (9)

 3.15(4.5)+.78(3.83)+5.85(6.5)+20.1 (9)  236 kip-ft

   2.56
M Bresisting 236
F.S.
overturning M Boverturning 92.16

M Bnet  M Bresisting  M Boverturning  143.84 kip-ft

x    4.79ft
M Bnet 143.84
N 30

e  x   4.79  1.7 ft
L 13
2 2

q ) (1   q1  4.12 kip/ft 2 q 2  0.5 kip/ft 2

N 6e 30 6(1.7)
(1 ± )
L L 13 13

Page 11 of Chapter I 11
p  k a γs H  ( )(.12)(24)  0.96 kip/ft
1
3

Problem 8.7
Suggest values for b1 and b 2 . Take the safety factors for sliding and over turning to be equal to 2.
Assume: γsoil =.12 k/ft 3 , γconcrete =.15 k/ft 3 , µ = .57, and Φ = 300

Page 12 of Chapter I 12
Pa  γsoil H 2 k a  (.12)(16) 2 ( )  5.12 kip
1 1 1
2 2 3
Ps  k a ws H = ( ) (.1) (16)  .53
1
3
Pp  k p γs H'2  (3)(.12)(4) 2  2.88 kip
1 1
2 2

F horizontal  Pa + Ps  Pp  2.77

 Pa ( )  Ps ( )  5.12 ( )  .53( )  31.55

H H 16 16
M
overturning 3 2 3 2

W1  .15 (3) (14)  6.3

W2  .15 (2) (b1 +b 2 +3)  .3(b1 +b 2 +3)
W3  .12 (b 2 ) (20)  2.4b 2
W4  .12 (b1 ) (2)  2.4b1

N   W  6.3+.3(b +b +3)+2.4b  2.4b1  7.2  2.7(b1 +b2 )

Fmax   N  .57 (7.2  2.7(b1 +b 2 ))  4.1  1.54(b1 +b 2 )
i 1 2 2

4.1  1.54(b1 +b 2 )
 horizontal
 2  b1 +b 2  0.935
Fmax
F.S.sliding =
F 2.77

 b2  0.935  b1

Page 13 of Chapter I 13
M Bresisting  W1 (1.5  b1 )+W2 (.5b1 +.5b 2 +1.5)+W3 (b1 +.5b 2 +3)+W4 (2.5)+Pp (1.33) 
 6.3(1.5  b1 )  .3(b1 +b 2 +3)(.5b1 +.5b 2 +1.5)  16.8(b1 +.5b2 +3)  2.4b1 (2.5)  2.88(1.33) 
 106.4  3.9b1

106.4  3.9b1
F.S.overturning   2 b1  0  b2  .935ft
M Bresisting
M Boverturning 31.55

Problem 8.8

Determine the minimum value of w at which soil failure occurs (i.e., the soil pressure exceeds

Assume: qallowable  5 k/ft 2 , γsoil =.12 k/ft 3 , γconcrete =.15 k/ft 3 , µ = .57 and Φ = 300
the allowable soil pressure).

Page 14 of Chapter I 14
Pa  γsoil H 2 k a  (.12)(22) 2 ( )  9.68 kip
1 1 1
2 2 3
Ps  k a ws H = ( ) ( ws ) (22)  7.33 ws
1
3
Pp  k p γs (H' )2  (3)(.12)(4)2  2.88 kip
1 1
2 2

F horizontal  Pa + Ps  Pp  9.68  7.33 ws  2.88  6.88  7.33 ws

 Pa ( )  Ps ( )  9.68( )  7.33 ws (11)  71  80.6 ws

H H 22
M
overturning 3 2 3

W1  .15 (2) (20)  6 kip

W2  .15 (2) (14)  4.2 kip
W3  .12 (7) (20)  16.8 kip
W4  .12 (5) (2)  1.2 kip

N   W  28.2 kip
Fmax   N  .57 (28.2) = 16 kip
i

q (1  )5 (1  )5 e  3.46 ft

N 6e 28.2 6e
L L 14 14

x 
M net M net
N 28.2

e   x  7  net  3.46 M net  99.8

L M
2 28.2

M Bresisting  W1 (6)+W2 (7)+W3 (10.5)+W4 (2.5)+Pp (1.33) 

 6(6)  4.2(7)  16.8(10.5)  1.2(2.5)  2.88(1.33)  248.6

M net  M  Moverturning 99.8  248.6  (71  80.6 ws )

 ws  .96kip/ft 2
resisting

Page 15 of Chapter I 15
Problem 8.9

(a)

The answer is case (a).

Problem 8.10

(a) Determine the factor of safety with respect to overturning and sliding.

(b) Identify the tension areas in the stem, toe, and heel and show the reinforcing pattern.

(c) Determine the location of the line of action of the resultant at the base of the footing

Page 16 of Chapter I 16
 Pa  γsoil H 2 k a  (.1)(12) 2 (.4)  2.88 kip
1 1
2 2
 Pa ( )+2(15)  2.88( )  30  41.52 kip-ft
H 12
M
overturning 3 3

W1  (1.5)(13)(3)(.15)  2.925 kip

W2  (2)(12)(.15)  3.6 kip
W3  (7)(2)(010)(.1)  7 kip

N   W  13.525 kip
Fmax   N  .58(13.525)  7.84 kip

F.S. sliding    2.72

Fmax 7.84
Pa 2.88

M  93.53 kip-ft
resisting

   2.25
M 93.53
resisting
F.S.
overturning M 41.52
overturning

Page 17 of Chapter I 17
 M net  M  M overturning  52 kip-ft
resisting

x   3.84
M net 52
N 13.525
e  x  6  3.84  2.16 ft  2ft
L L
2 6

Page 18 of Chapter I 18
Problem 9.1

Take E=29,000 ksi and I= 200 in 4 .



 B,0    33.78 in
17 wL4 17(2)(30) 4 (12)3


243EI 243(29000)(200)
δ  8L   0.794 in
 BB 81EI
3
8(30)3 (12)3
81(29000)(200)

 B  1 in

Page 1 of Chapter 9
   B,0  R B δBB  1 in

 B,0  1 33.78  1
RB    41.28 kip 
δBB 0.794

Problem 9.2
Take E=200 GPa and I= 80(10)6 mm4 .

  B,0  R B δBB  12 mm

 B  12 mm

Page 2 of Chapter 9
 

 B,0    151.875 mm
wL4 15(6) 4 (10)9

Table 3.1 
8EI 8(200)(80)106
δ  L   4.5 mm
 BB 3EI
3
(6)3 (10)9
3(200)(80)106

 B,0  12 151.875  12
RB    31.08 kN 
δBB 4.5

Problem 9.3
kv= 60 k/in, E=29,000 ksi, I= 200 in 4

Page 3 of Chapter 9
 
 D,0    2.11 in
17 wL4 17(1.0)(20) 4 (12)3


384EI 384(29000)(200)
δ  L   0.0993 in
 DD 24EI
3
(20)3 (12)3
24(29000)(200)

 D,0
FCD    18.19 kip
2.11
δ DD  0.0993 
1 1
kV 60

Problem 9.4
L = 5 m, E = 200 GPa, I= 170(10)6 mm4

(a)

Page 4 of Chapter 9
 B,0  110.49 mm

   1.059 mm
L3 (12)3 (10)9
δBB
48EI 48(200)(170)106

 B,0
RB   110.4 kN 
δBB
(b)

Page 5 of Chapter 9
    1.059 mm
L3 (12)3 (10)9
δBB
48EI 48(200)(170)106

B
RB    7.86 kN 
8.33
δBB 1.059

(c)

   1.059 mm
L3 (12)3 (10)9
δBB
48EI 48(200)(170)106

B 20
RB    18.89 kN R B  18.89 kN 
δBB 1.059

(d)

Page 6 of Chapter 9
 

 B,0    30.52 mm
P 40(10)9

25.946 25.946

EI (200)(170)(10)6
δ  L   1.059 mm
 BB 48EI
3
(12)3 (10)9
48(200)(170)(10)6

 B,0
FB    28.15 kN
30.52
δ BB  1.059 
1 1
kV 40

(e)

Page 7 of Chapter 9
 
 
 D,0 6144EI   113.16 mm
57 wL4 57(20)(12) 4 (10)9


6144(200)(170)(10)6
δ  3L   0.596 mm
 DD 256EI
3
3(12)3 (10)9
256(200)(170)(10)6

 D,0
FD    17.97 kN
113.16
δ DD  0.596 
1 1
kV 40

I  400 in 4 , E  29,000 ksi , L  54 ft , w  2.1 kip/ft ,  B  1.2 in

Problem 9.5

Page 8 of Chapter 9
(i) The distributed load shown

  B,0  R B δBB  0

The deflection terms are given in Chapter 3



 B,0    14.6 in
4wL4


729 EI

 BB 243EI  .386 in

4L3
δ

Page 9 of Chapter 9
  B,0
RB    37.8 kip 
14.6
δBB 0.386

(ii) The support settlement at B

  R B δBB  1.2 in

1.2 1.2
RB    3.1 kip R B  3.1 kip 
δBB 0.386

AC  1200 mm2 , L  9 m, P  40 kN and E  200 GPa .

Problem 9.6

Page 10 of Chapter 9
Page 11 of Chapter 9
Problem 9.7

x x 
y  4h   ( ) 2  I
Io
L L  cos θ

(a) Determine the horizontal reaction at B due to the concentrated load.

Page 12 of Chapter 9
Page 13 of Chapter 9
Page 14 of Chapter 9
 (b) Utilize the results of part (a) to obtain an analytical expression for the horizontal reaction
due to a distributed loading, w( x) .

(c) Specialize (b) for a uniform loading, w( x)  w0 .

Page 15 of Chapter 9
(d) Suppose the horizontal support at B is replaced by a member extending from A to B. Repeat
part (a).

Page 16 of Chapter 9
Problem 9.8
Consider the semi-circular arch shown below. Determine the distribution of the axial and shear
forces and the bending moment. The cross section properties are constant.

Page 17 of Chapter 9
Page 18 of Chapter 9
Take A  20,000 mm2 I  400(10)6 mm4 and E  200 GPa
Problem 9.9

Page 19 of Chapter 9
Case (a):

Mmax  0 (no bending moment)

Deflected shape

Case (b):

Page 20 of Chapter 9
 Mmax  1101 kN-m

Deflected shape

Case (c):

Page 21 of Chapter 9
 Mmax  529 kN-m

Deflected shape

Problem 9.10
Consider the following values for the area of the tension rod AC: 4 in 2 , 8 in 2 , 16 in 2 .
A  30 in 2 I  1000 in 4 E  29,000 ksi .

A  30 in 2 I  1000 in 4 E  29,000 ksi

Page 22 of Chapter 9
 Bending moment

Axial force

Bending moment

Page 23 of Chapter 9
 Axial force

Bending moment

Axial force

Problem 9.11

Page 24 of Chapter 9
 A  40 in 2 I  1200 in 4 E  29,000 ksi

Case(a):

Mmax  0 (no bending moment)

Case (b):

Page 25 of Chapter 9
 Mmax  130 kip-ft

Case (c):

Mmax  43.3 kip-ft

Case (d):

Page 26 of Chapter 9
 Mmax  10.9 kip-ft
Problem 9.12
Determine the horizontal reaction at support D.

H D1   1 kip 
P
(See Figure 9.38)
2

Page 27 of Chapter 9
 rg   rc   
I2 I I1 I rg 5
(See example 9.15)
L 16 h 20 rc 4

H D2    2.33 kip 
2 2
wL 1 (32) 1
2 g 12(20) 1  ( 5 )
1
12h r 2
3 rc 3 4

 HD  HD1  HD2  1  2.33  1.33 kip 

Problem 9.13

Page 28 of Chapter 9
Consider h = 2 m, 4 m, 6 m.

0  x1  9 M 0 (x1 )  101.25 x1  7.5 x12 δM(x1 )  6

x1
9h

0  x2  9 M 0 (x2 )  101.25 x2 δM(x2 )  6

x2
9h

Page 29 of Chapter 9
Δ B,0   M 0 δM dS   (101.25 x1  7.5 x12 )( 1  6) dx1   (101.25 x2 )( 2  6) dx2
9 9
1 1 x 1 x
EI s EI 0 9h EI 0 9h

δ BB    δM  dS   ( 1  6)2 dx1   ( 1  6) 2 dx2

9 9
1 2 1 x 1 x
EI s EI 0 9h EI 0 9h

 B,0
Then H B  
δBB

0.0676(10)6 for h  2m 0.00263(10) 6 for h  2m

 
 0.0847(10)6 for h  4m EIδ BB  0.00357(10) 6 for h  4m
 
EIΔ B,0

0.1067(10)
6
for h  6m 0.0049(10)
6
for h  6m

25.7 kN  for h  2m

 H B  23.7 kN  for h  4m
21.78 kN  for h  6m


Page 30 of Chapter 9
Problem 9.14
Determine the peak positive and negative moments as a function of h. Consider h = 10 ft, 20 ft,
30 ft.

See equation (9.51) and Figure 9.49

Page 31 of Chapter 9
M BA    
wL2 1 1.2(50)2 1 250
12 1  1 ( h ) 1
1 g
12 1r h
2 rc 2 25 50
   
wL  2 1  
  375 1-

ME  
2
2
8  3 1 rg   3(1  ) 
1-
 
h
   50 
1+
2 rc

208 kip-ft for h  10ft


M  max  M BA  178.6 kip-ft for h  20ft

156.2 kip-ft for h  30ft

166.6 kip-ft for h  10ft

 
 M E  196.4 kip-ft for h  20ft

M
for h  30ft
max

218.7 kip-ft

Problem 9.15
Using a Computer software system, determine the bending moment distribution and deflected
shape due to the loading shown.

Take I1  1000 in 4 , I2  2000 in 4 , E=29,000 ksi and A=20 in 2 all members

Page 32 of Chapter 9
Take E=200 GPa, I  400(10)6 mm4 , A=100000 mm2 and AC  1200 mm2 , 2400 mm2 , 4800
Problem 9.16

mm2 . Use a Computer software system.

Page 33 of Chapter 9
 (a)

Page 34 of Chapter 9
Page 35 of Chapter 9
 (b)

Page 36 of Chapter 9
Page 37 of Chapter 9
Page 38 of Chapter 9
Problem 9.17

Both cases (a) and (b) will are rigid frames and will have large horizontal displacements and will
behave the same. In case (b) the added member will not carry any load. In case (c) the diagonal
member changes the behavior. The frame will behave like a truss. All the members only carry
axial forces and lateral movement will be very small.

Case (a):

Case (b):

Case (c):

Page 39 of Chapter 9
Problem 9.18
E= 29,000 ksi, A= 1 in 2 all members

F0 δF

member L, in F0 δF δF2 L F0 + X1 δF
F δF L
ab 14.14(12) -3.53 -.707 423.47 84.81 4.62
bc 14.14(12) -17.67 -.707 2119.75 84.81 -9.51
cd 10(12) 12.5 .5 750 30 6.73
da 10(12) 12.5 .5 750 30 6.73

 F δF L  4043  δF2 L  349.6

bd 10(12) 0 1 0 120 -11.53

Page 40 of Chapter 9
 1,0   F0 δF   0.139
L 4043

δ11    δF 
AE 29000
  0.012
2 L 349.6

1,0
AE 29000
1,0  δ11 X1  0  X1     11.53
0.139
δ11 0.012
Knowing the value of X1 , we determine the member forces and reactions by using superposition.
Member forces are listed below.

Problem 9.19

E= 200 GPa, A= 660 mm2 all members, α= 12x10-6 / 0C , T  100 C

Assume the vertical reaction at d as the force redundant.

Page 41 of Chapter 9
member L, mm δF e temp = α ΔTL δF e temp δF2 L X1 δF
ab 5657 -.606 0.67884 -.4073 2077.4 -6.9
bc 5657 -.714 0.67884 -.4819 2883.9 -8.1
cd 3000 .428 0 0 549.5 4.8
da 4000 .428 0 0 732.7 4.8

e δF  0.889  L  δF  10243.5

bd 4000 1 0 0 4000 11.4
2
temp

1,0   etemp δF  0.889

δ11    δF    0.0776
2 L 10243.5

1,0
AE 660(200)

1,0  δ11 X1  0  X1     11.4

0.889
δ11 0.0776

Knowing the value of X1 , we determine the member forces and reactions by using superposition.
Member forces are listed below.

Page 42 of Chapter 9
Problem 9.20
E=29,000 ksi and A= 1 in 2 all members.

member L, in F0 δFδF2 L F0 δF L F0 + X1 δF
ab 12(12) 0 -.8 92.16 0 7.6
bc 9(12) -10 -.6 38.88 648 -4.3
cd 12(12) -19.33 -.8 92.16 2226.8 -11.7
da 9(12) 0 -.6 32.88 0 5.7
ac 15(12) 16.66 1 180 2998.8 7.2

 δF L 616  F0 δFL 58736

bd 15(12) 0 1 180 0 -9.5
2

Page 43 of Chapter 9
 1,0   F0 δF   0.2025
L 5873.6

δ11    δF 
AE 2900(1)

  0.0212
2 L 616

1,0
AE 2900(1)

1,0  δ11 X1  0  X1    9.5

.2025
δ11 .0212
Knowing the value of X1 , we determine the member forces and reactions by using superposition.
Member forces are listed below.

A1  A2  A3  A4  10 in 2 , A 5 = 5 in 2 , α= 6.5x10-6 / 0F , ΔT= 600 , E= 29,000 ksi

Problem 9.21

Page 44 of Chapter 9
member L, in L/AE δF etemp δF F0 δFL  δF  L F0 + X1 δF
2
e temp = F0
α ΔTL AE AE
ab 28.84(12) 0.001193 0.13497 12 -1.8 -.2429 -.0257 .00386 -19.1
bc 28.84(12) 0.001193 0.13497 -6 -1.8 -.2429 .0128 .00386 -37.1
cd 20(12) 0.000827 0.0936 4.16 2.5 0 .0086 .00516 47.3
da 20(12) 0.000827 0.0936 4.16 2.5 0 .0086 .00516 47.3
bd 12(12) 0.000993 0.05616 5 3 0 .0148 .00893 56.8

1,0    e δF  .019  0.485  0.466

F0 δFL

 δF
temp
AE

δ11    0.027
L
2

1,0
AE
1,0  δ11 X1  0  X1  
 17.26 
0.466
δ11 0.027
Knowing the value of X1 , we determine the member forces and reactions by using superposition.
Member forces are listed below.

Page 45 of Chapter 9
Problem 9.22
Assume the force in member ac and the reaction at support f as force redundants.
2
A=1000 mm and E=200 GPa for all the members

Page 46 of Chapter 9
 F0 δF1

δF2

member L, mm F0 δF1 δF2 F0 δF1 L F0 δF2 L (δF1 )2 L (δF2 )2 L δF1 δF2 L

ab 4000 -20 -.5 -.8 40000 64000 1000 2560 1000
bc 3000 15 -.375 -.6 -16875 -27000 422 1080 675
cd 3000 30 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
de 4000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ef 3000 15 .375 0 16875 0 422 0 0
fa 3000 30 0 -.6 0 -54000 0 1080 0
bf 5000 -25 .625 1 78125 -125000 1953 5000 3125
ac 5000 0 0 1 0 0 0 5000 0
cf 4000 20 .5 -.8 40000 -64000 1000 2560 -1000
ce 5000 -25 -.625 0 -78125 0 1953 0 0

 F δF L
0 1  80000  F δF L
0 2  206000

 (δF ) L1
2
 6750  (δF ) L
2
2
 17280  δF δF L
1 2  3800

Page 47 of Chapter 9
1,0     .4 mm  2,0     -1.03 mm
F0δF1L 80000 F0δF2 L 206000
EA 200(1000) EA 200(1000)

δ11     0.03375 δ22     0.0864

(δF1 )2 L 6750 (δF2 )2 L 17280
EA 200(1000) EA 200(1000)

δ12  δ21     0.019

δFδF
1 2L 3800
EA 200(1000)

δF1 δF2

1,0  δ11 X1  δ12 X 2  0 X1   21.2 kN

 
 2,0  δ21 X1  δ22 X 2  0 X 2  16.58 kN

Knowing the value of X1 and X 2 , we determine the member forces and reactions by using
superposition.

Page 48 of Chapter 9
member F0 δF1 δF2 F0 + X1 δF1 + X 2 δF2
ab -20 -.5 -.8 -22.67
bc 15 -.375 -.6 13.0
cd 30 0 0 30
de 0 0 0 0
ef 15 .375 0 7
fa 30 0 -.6 20
bf -25 .625 1 -21.67
ac 0 0 1 16.58
cf 20 .5 -.8 -3.86
ce -25 -.625 0 -11.75

Member forces are listed below.

Page 49 of Chapter 9
Take E = 200 GPa and A  2000 mm2
Problem 10.1

(a) A1 
1
A
2
  94.28
AE (2000)200 kN
L1 3 2(1000) mm

  66.67
A1E (1000)200 kN
L2 3(1000) mm

  66.67
AE (2000)200 kN
L3 6(1000) mm

F(1)  cos45 u 2  sin45 v2  66.67u 2  66.67v2

AE AE
L1 L1

F(2)  v2  66.67v2
A1E
L2

F(3)  - cos30 u 2  sin30 v2  57.73u 2  33.33v2

AE AE
L3 L3

1
F x 0  F(1) cos45  F(3) cos30  45  0

F y 0  F(1)sin45  F(2)  F(3)sin30  90  0


0.707 F(1)  0.86 F(3)  45
0.707 F(1)  F(2)  0.5 F(3)  90

0.707  66.67u 2  66.67v2   0.86  57.73u 2  33.33v2   45

0.707  66.67u 2  66.67v2   66.67v2  0.5  57.73u 2  33.33v2   90


96.78 u 2  18.47 v2  45 u 2  0.342 mm 
 
18.27 u 2  130.47 v2  90 v2  0.645 mm 

Next, we substitute for u 2 and v2 to determine member forces

F(1)  66.67u 2  66.67v2  65.8 kN
F(2)  66.67v2  43 kN
F(3)  57.73u 2  33.33v2  1.75 kN

2
(b) A1  2A

  94.28
AE (2000)200 kN
L1 3 2(1000) mm

  266.67
A1E (4000)200 kN
L2 3(1000) mm

  66.67
AE (2000)200 kN
L3 6(1000) mm

F(1)  cos45 u 2  sin45 v2  66.67u 2  66.67v2

AE AE
L1 L1

F(2)  v2  266.67v2
A1E
L2

F(3)  - cos30 u 2  sin30 v2  57.73u 2  33.33v2

AE AE
L3 L3

F x 0 0.707 F(1)  0.86 F(3)  45

F y 0 0.707 F(1)  F(2)  0.5 F(3)  90


96.78 u 2  18.47 v2  45 u 2  0.417 mm 
 
18.27 u 2  330.47 v2  90 v2  0.25 mm 

Next, we substitute for u 2 and v2 to determine member forces

F(1)  66.67u 2  66.67v2  44.47 kN
F(2)  266.67v2  66.67 kN
F(3)  57.73u 2  33.33v2  15.74 kN

3
(c) Results based on computer based analysis listed below

F(1)  65.62 kN
 u 2  0.342 mm 
For A1  A F(2)  42.79 kN 
1
 v2  0.642 mm 
F(3)  1.62 kN
2

90.00

o 45.00

FX 6.562E+01

3
2
1

FX 1.619E+00
FX 4.279E+01

F(1)  44.37 kN
 u 2  0.416 mm 
For A1  2A F(2)  66.48 kN 
 v2  0.249 mm 
F(3)  -15.73 kN

4
 90.00

o 45.00

FX 4.438E+01

2
1

FX 6.648E+01 FX -1.573E+01

Problem 10.2
Take A=0.1 in 2 , A1 =0.4 in 2 , and E=29,000 ksi.

cosθ  0.6 sinθ  0.8

5
    9.67   96.67
AE AE (0.1)29000 kip A1E (0.4)29000 kip
L1 L3 25(12) in L2 10(12) in

(a) The loading shown

F(1)  cosθ u 2  sinθ v2  5.8 u 2  7.74 v2

AE AE
L1 L1

F(2)   v2  96.67 v2
A1E
L2

F(3)  - cosθ u 2  sinθ v2  5.8 u 2  7.74 v2

AE AE
L3 L3

F x 0  0.6 F(1)  0.6 F(3)  6  0

F y 0  0.8 F(1)  F(2)  0.8 F(3)  10  0


6.96 u 2  6 u 2  0.862 in 
 
109 v2  10 v2  0.092 in 

Next, we substitute for u 2 and v2 to determine the member forces

F(1)  5.8 u 2  7.74 v2  5.7 kip
F(2)  96.67 v2   8.89 kip
F(3)  5.8 u 2  7.74 v2   4.3 kip

(b) Support #1 moves as follows: u  inch  and v  inch 

1 1
8 2

6
F(1)  cosθ u 2  sinθ v2  5.8 u 2  7.74 v2
AE AE
L1 L1

F(2)   (v2  )  96.67 (v2  )

A1E 1 1
L2 2 2

F(3)  - cosθ u 2  sinθ v2  5.8 u 2  7.74 v2

AE AE
L3 L3

F x 0 F(1)  F(3)  u2  0

F y 0 0.8 (F(1)  F(3) )  F(2)  0

0.8 (15.48 v2 )  96.67 (v2  )  0  v2  0.443 in 

1
2

F(1)  F(3)  3.4 kip


F(2)  5.5 kip

For the following beams and frames defined in Problems 10.3- 10.18, determine the
member end moments using the slope-deflection equations.

Assume E=29,000 ksi, I  200 in 4 , L  30 ft ,  C  .6 in  and w  1.2 kip/ft .

Problem 10.3

7
 k member AB   2k k member BC  k
EI EI
Let
L 2L

B  A
ρ AB  0

  B 0.6
L
 C  
1
ρ BC
2L 60(12) 1200

k   671.3 kip-ft
EI 29000(200) 1
2L 2(30) (144)

 θ   90
The slope-deflection equations take the form:
M AB  4k
4k 2θ   90
B

M BA 

M BC  2k 2θ B - 3( C B )   2k 2θ B - 3ρ BC 
   
B

 2L 

M CB  2k θ B - 3( C B )   2k θ B - 3ρ BC 
   
 2L 

M BA  M BC  0
Enforce moment equilibrium at node B:


8kθ B  90  2k 2θ B - 3ρ BC   0

12kθ B  6k ρ BC  90


90  6(671.3)(
1
θB  1200  0.01076 rad
)
counterclockwise
12(671.3)

8
  0.01076  90  118.89 kip-ft
The corresponding end moments are:
M AB  4(671.3)
M BA  4(671.3) 2(0.01076)   90  32.21 kip-ft
 1 
M BC  2(671.3) 2(0.01076) - 3(- )   32.25 kip-ft
 1200 
 1 
M CB  2(671.3) 0.01076 - 3(- )   17.80 kip-ft
 1200 

Assume E= 200 GPa, I2  80(10)6 mm4 and L2  6 m .

Problem 10.4

k member AB  k k member BC  k
EI2 EI2
(a) Let
L2 L2

  66 kN-m M   66 kN-m

F 22(6)2 F 22(6)2
M AB BA
12 12
  33.75 kN-m   33.75 kN-m
45(6) 45(6)
M FBC F
M CB
8 8

The slope-deflection equations take the form:

M AB  2k θ B  66
M BA  4k θ B  66

M BC  4k θ B  33.75
M CB  2k θ B  33.75

Enforce moment equilibrium at node B:

MBA  MBC  0 4k θB  66  4k θB  33.75  0  k θB  4.03

9
The corresponding end moments are:

M AB  2k θ B  66  74.06 kN-m
M BA  4k θ B  66  -49.9 kN-m

M BC  4k θ B  33.75  49.9 kN-m

M CB  2k θ B  33.75  25.7 kN-m

k member AB   2k k member BC  k
E(2I2 ) EI 2
(b) Let
L2 L2

The slope-deflection equations take the form:

M AB  4k θ B  66
M BA  8k θ B  66

M BC  4k θ B  33.75
M CB  2k θ B  33.75

Enforce moment equilibrium at node B:

MBA  MBC  0 8k θB  66  4k θB  33.75  0  k θ B  2.68

M AB  4k θ B  66  76.7 kN-m
The corresponding end moments are:

M BA  8k θ B  66  44.5 kN-m

10
M BC  4k θ B  33.75  44.5 kN-m
M CB  2k θ B  33.75  28.4 kN-m

k member AB  k k member BC  k
E(2I2 ) EI2
(c) Let
(2L2 ) L2

M FAB   264 kN-m   264 kN-m

22(12)2 F 22(12)2
M BA
12 12
  33.75 kN-m   33.75 kN-m
45(6) 45(6)
M FBC F
M CB
8 8

The slope-deflection equations take the form:

M AB  2k θ B  264
M BA  4k θ B  264

M BC  4k θ B  33.75
M CB  2k θ B  33.75

Enforce moment equilibrium at node B:

MBA  MBC  0 4k θB  264  4k θB  33.75  0  k θ B  28.78

The corresponding end moments are:

M AB  2k θ B  264  321.5 kN-m

M BA  4k θ B  264  -148.9 kN-m

M BC  4k θ B  33.75  148.9 kN-m

M CB  2k θ B  33.75  23.8 kN-m

11
E=29,000 ksi and I  300 in 4 , L=20 ft
Problem 10.5

k member AB  k member BC  k
EI
Let
L

M FAB   50 kip-ft   50 kip-ft

1.5(20)2 F 1.5(20)2
M BA
12 12
  25 kip-ft   25 kip-ft
10(20) 10(20)
M FBC F
M CB
8 8

The slope-deflection equations take the form:

M AB  2k θ B  50
M BA  4k θ B  50

M BC  2k (2θ B  θC )  25
M CB  2k (θ B  2θC )  25

Enforce moment equilibrium at nodes B and C:

MCB  25  0 2k (θ B  2θC )  25  25  0  2θ C  θ B
M BA  M BC  0 4k θ B  50  2k (2θ B  θ C )  25  0  8k θ B  2kθ C  25

 k θB  k θC  
25 25
7 14

M AB  2k θ B  50  57.1 kip-ft
The corresponding end moments are:

M BA  4k θ B  50  35.7 kip-ft
M BC  2k (2θ B  θC )  25  35.7 kip-ft
M CB  2k (θ B  2θC )  25  25 kip-ft

12
E= 200 GPa, I  80(10)6 mm4 , P=45kN, h =3 m and L  9 m .
Problem 10.6

M AB  0
The slope-deflection equations take the form:

M BAmodified  θB 
3EI
L
M CB  0

M BCmodified  θB 
3EI
L
Enforce moment equilibrium at node B:

M BAmodified  M BCmodified  135



θ B   135
6EI
L


θ B  22.5
EI
L
The corresponding end moments are:

M BA =67.5 kN-m counterclockwise

M BC =67.5 kN-m counterclockwise

13
Problem 10.7

E=29,000 ksi, I  200 in 4 , L  18 ft , and w  1.2 k/ft .

Because of symmetry θA  θD and θB  θC

Let k 
EI
L
k member BC   0.5 k k member AB  k member CD  k
EI EI
2L L

M AB  0
The slope-deflection equations take the form:

M BAmodified  M BA modified  3k θB 

M BC  k 2θ B  θC   M BC
F
 k 2θ B  θ B   129.6  k θ B  129.6
M CB   M BC

Enforce moment equilibrium at node B:

14
 M BAmodified  M BC  0

4kθ B  129.6  0

kθ B  32.4

The corresponding end moments are:

M BA  3k θ B  97.2  M BA  97.2 kip-ft clockwise

M BC  k θ B  129.6  97.2 kip-ft counterclockwise

MCB   M BC  97.2 kip-ft

Because of symmetry
clockwise
MCD  M BA  97.2 kip-ft counterclockwise

Assume E= 200 GPa and I  80(10)6 mm4

Problem 10.8

k member AB  k member CD   1.5k k member BC  k

EI EI
Let
12 18

M FAB   144 kN-m   216 kN-m

30(12) 2 F 30(12) 2
M BA
30 20
M FBC   101.25 kN-m   101.25 kN-m
45(18) F 45(18)
M CB
8 8

  216 kN-m M FDC    144 kN-m

F 30(12) 2 30(12) 2
M CD
20 30

Because of symmetry θB  θC , MBC  MCB

15
M AB  M DC  2(1.5k) θ B  144
The slope-deflection equations take the form:

M BA  M CD  4(1.5k) θ B  216

MBC  MCB  2k (2θB  θC )  101.25  2k θB  101.25

Enforce moment equilibrium at either node B or C:

MBA  MBC  0 4(1.5k) θB  216  2k θB  101.25  0 k θ B  14.34

M AB  M DC  2(1.5k) θ B  144  187 kN-m

The corresponding end moments are:

M BA  M CD  4(1.5k) θ B  216  129.9 kN-m

M BC  M CB  2k θ B  101.25  129.9 kN-m

E=29,000 ksi, I  400 in 4 .

Problem 10.9

k member AB  ( )  k k member BC  k k member CD  ( )  k

EI 3 EI EI 5
Let
20 2 30 18 3

16
The slope-deflection equations take the form:

M AB  0

M BA modified  3( k) θ B   75
3

M BC  2k 2θ B  θC   90
2

M CB  2k θ  2θ   90

2( k) 2θ   36
B C

M CD 
5

M DC  2( k) θ C   36
C
3
5
3

M BA  M BC  0
Enforce moment equilibrium at nodes B and C:

M CB  M CD  0

3( k) θ B   75  2k 2θ B  θ C   90  0
3

2k θ B  2θ C   90  2( k) 2θ C   36  0
2
5
3

8.5k θ B  2k θ C   15
2k θ B  10.667k θ C   54


k θB  3.08 k θC   5.64

M AB  0
The corresponding end moments are:

M BA  3( k) θ B   75   88.9 kip-ft
3

M BC  2k 2θ B  θC   90  88.9 kip-ft

2

M CB  2k θ  2θ   90   73.6 kip-ft

2( k) 2θ   36  73.6 kip-ft

B C

M CD 
5

M DC  2( k) θ C   36   17.2 kip-ft
C
3
5
3

17
Assume E= 200 GPa, and I  100(10)6 mm4 .
Problem 10.10

k member AB  k member BC  k
EI
Let
L

M FAB   60 kN-m   120 kN-m

90(6)(3) 2 F 90(6) 2 (3)
M BA
92 92

  202.5 kN-m   202.5 kN-m

30(9) 2 10(20)
M FBC F
M CB
12 8

The slope-deflection equations take the form:

M AB  2k θ B  60
M BA  4k θ B  120

M BC  2k (2θ B  θC )  202.5
M CB  2k (θ B  2θC )  202.5

Enforce moment equilibrium at nodes B and C:

MCB  135  0 2k (θ B  2θC )  202.5  135  0  k (θ B  2θ C )  33.75

M BA  M BC  0 4k θ B  120  2k (2θ B  θC )  202.5  0  8k θ B  2kθ C  82.5

 k θB  16.6 k θC  25.18

The corresponding end moments are:

M AB  2k θ B  60  126.8 kN-m
M BA  4k θ B  120  186.4 kN-m

18
M BC  2k (2θ B  θC )  202.5  186.4 kN-m
M CB  2k (θ B  2θC )  202.5  135 kN-m

Assume E  29,000ksi and I  100 in 4 .

Problem 10.11

k AB  k BC  )   2k k BD modified  k
E(4I) EI EI
Let
20 5 10

The modified slope-deflection equations take the form:

M BA modified  M BC modified  3(2k) θB

M BD modified  3(k) θB

M BA modified  M BC modified  M BD modified  12  0

Enforce moment equilibrium at node B:


3(2k) θ B  3(2k) θ B  3(k) θ B  12

k θ B  0.8
The corresponding end moments are:

M BA modified  M BC modified  3(2k) θ B  4.8 kip-ft

M BD modified  3(k) θ B  2.4 kip-ft

19
Assume E  200 GPa , Ic  120(10)6 mm4 , L  8 m , h  4 m and P=50 kN.
Problem 10.12

(a) Ib  Ic
(b) Ib  1.5Ic

20
21
(a) Ib  Ic  120(10)6 mm4 Ic  120(10)6 mm4

θA 
M AD 
θB 
M AB 
B 

(b) Ic  120(10)6 mm4 , Ib  1.5Ic  180(10)6 mm4

22
Assume E  29,000ksi and I  200 in 4 .
Problem 10.13

For no axial deformation, bending moment is zero throughout the structure.

Assume E  200 GPa , and I  80(10)6 mm4 .

Problem 10.14

23
24
I  600 in 4
Problem 10.15

A  6 in 2
E  29, 000 k/in 2

25
Assume E  200 GPa , and I  120(10)6 mm4 .
Problem 10.16

HC  HD  22.5 , θ A  θC
Neglecting axial deformation.

k AC   2k k BC  k
EI E(2I)
6 24

M CA  4k (θ A  3 )
M AC  4k (2θ A  3 )
MAB  2k (2θA  θC )  6k θA

M AB  M BA  50.6 kN-m
M AC  M BD  50.6 kN-m
MCA  MDB  84.4 kN-m

26
Assume E  29,000ksi and I  200 in 4 .
Problem 10.17

For no axial deformation, bending moment is zero throughout the structure.

Assume E  200 GPa , and I  80(10)6 mm4 .

Problem 10.18

27
28
Assume E  29,000ksi and I  200 in 4 .
Problem 10.19

29
 Deflection profile

Moment Diagram

For the following beams and frames defined in Problems 10.20- 10.34, determine the
member end moments using moment distribution.

Problem 10.20
E = 29,000 ksi, I = 300 in 4

30
   135 kip-ft
M F BC   75 kip-ft
2(45) 2
M FCD   168.75 kip-ft
M F
AB
10(60) 1.0(45) 2
30
8
  202.5 kip-ft M CB   75 kip-ft
12
   168.75 kip-ft
2(45) 2 F
M F BA M F DC
20

DFDC  DFAB  0


 I
 ( )( ) 
I I 7I
 L

45 60 180


I
At joints B or C DFBA  DFCD  45 
4
 7 I

7


180
DFCB  DFBC  1- 
4 3
 7 7

Case(a):

31
Case (b):
M F AB set.  M F BA set.    7.45 kip-ft
6EIδB 6(29000)(300)(.5)
L2 (45) 2 (12)3

M F BC set.  M FCB set.   4.19 kip-ft

6(29000)(300)(.5)
(60) 2 (12)3

32
Case (c):

Moment diagram-loading kip-ft

Moment diagram –settlement kip-ft

Moment diagram -( loading + settlement) kip-ft

33
Check your results with Computer analysis. Assume E  200 GPa , and I  75(10)6 mm4 .
Problem 10.21

34
 Shear diagram

Moment diagram

Problem 10.22
Assume EI constant.

(a)

35
(b)

36
Problem 10.23
Determine the bending moment distribution. Assume EI is constant.

37
Determine the bending moment distribution. Assume I1  1.4I2 .
Problem 10.24

38
Problem 10.25
Determine the bending moment distribution.

39
Solve for the bending moments. δB  .4 in  ,E=29,000 ksi and I  240 in 4 .
Problem 10.26

40
Problem 10.27

Determine the bending moment distribution and the deflected shape. E=29,000 ksi

(a) Take I1  I2  1000 in 4

41
 Moment diagram

Deflected shape

(b) Take I2  1.5 I1 . Use Computer analysis.

42
 Moment diagram

Deflected shape

Case (a) has larger moment and deflection compare to case(b).

43
Problem 10.28
Determine the axial, shear, and bending moment distributions. Take Ig =2Ic

Axial Force

44
 Shear diagram

Moment Diagram (kN-m)

Problem 10.29
Determine the member forces and the reactions.
a) Consider only the uniform load shown
b) Consider only the support settlement of joint D ( δ D = .5 in↓)
c) Consider only the temperature increase of ΔT  80/0 F for member BC.
E = 29,000 ksi, IAB  ICD  100 in 4 , IBC  400 in 4 , α = 6.5x10-6 / 0 F

45
(a)

(b)

46
(c)

Determine the bending moment distribution for the following loadings. Take Ig  5Ic .
Problem 10.30

(a)

47
 Moment diagram (kN-m)

(b) Symmetrical loading- no sway

Moment diagram (kN-m)

48
 (c) Symmetrical loading- no sway

Moment diagram (kN-m

(d)

49
 Moment diagram (kN-m)

Problem 10.31
Solve for the bending moments.

50
 Moment diagram

Problem 10.32
Determine the bending moment distribution.

51
 Moment diagram (kip-ft)

Problem 10.33
Solve for the bending moments.

Symmetrical loading- no sway

52
 Moment diagram

For the frame shown, determine the end moments and the reactions. Assume E  200 GPa , and
Problem 10.34

I  40(10)6 mm4 .

M F AB  0

M F BA    108 kN-m
24(6) 2
8


 I
 ( ) ( ) ( ) 
3 4I 3 4I 3 I 5I
 L

4 6 4 6 4 3 4
Joint B 
DF  DF  2  0.4
I
DFDB  .2
 BA

CB
5I
4

53
Determine analytic expression for the rotation and end moments at B. Take I  1000 in 4 , A=20
Problem 10.35

in 2 for all members, and α =1.0, 2.0, 5.0. Is there a upper limit for the end moment, M BD ?

54
M BD is independent of α. MBD  240 kip-ft

55
k AB  k BC  k k BD   αk 
EI αI E Δ
20 20 20

M BA modified  3(k) θ B
M BC modified  3(k) θ B
M BD modified  3(αk) θ B  3(αk)

MBA modified  3(k) θB  180 k θB  60

 M0

- 3(αk) θ B  3(αk)  6(k) θ B  120  0

joint B

80  60α
MBD modified  3(α)(-60)  3(αk)  240 k 
α

k   10069.4 k-ft
EI 29000(1000) 1
20 20 (12)2

56
 3.33 in for α  1.0
(80  60α)(20)12 
Δ  L   2.38 in for α  2.0
1.81 in for α  5.0

αk

Problem 10.36

Check your results for parts (c) and (d) with a computer based analysis. Take E  200 GPa , and
Compare the end moments and horizontal displacement at A for the rigid frames shown below.

I  120(10)6 mm4 . A=10000 mm2 for all members.

Case (a)

57
 Moment diagram kN-m

Case (b)

Moment diagram kN-m

Case (c)

58
 Moment diagram kN-m

Case (d)

59
 Moment diagram kN-m

60
http://www.springer.com/978-1-4614-3261-6