C Design Guide

and
Selection Chart for
-. . 'Overhead Crane
1

Runwa9 System

Overhead Cranes
INFORMATION CONTAINED 1N THlS 2ND EDITION IS BASED ON NEW, REVISED W SHAPE, 520
SHAPE, AND S24 SHAPE PROFILES, HAVING AN EFFECTIVE ROLLlNG OR AVAllABlLlTY DATE OF 1
SEPTEMBER 1978. THEREFORE. THIS INFORMATION IS NOT APPLICABLE FOR STRUCTURAL
SHAPES ROLLED IN ACCORDANCE WITH PREVIOUS OBSOLETE PROFILE STANDARDS. FOR IN-
FORMATION ON OBSOLETE STRUCTURAL SHAPES, REFER TO THE 1ST EDITION OF THlS GUIDE,
REFER TO THE REFERENCES LISTED THROUGHOUT M I S PUBLICATION, OR CONTACT OUR
YORK OFFICE.
The following are tho single plane loading stress and deflection limits upon which the loadings are based.
Maximum Stress (Tension) : 17,600 psi
Maximum Stress (Compression): "
Maximum Stress (Shear) : 13,200 psi
Vertical and lateral deflection limited to 1/800of the span. For computing lateral deflection a lateral load
equal to 5% of the vertical load was used.
Vertical stress and deflection loading limits include the effect of the weight of the beam. Lateral stress and
deflection loading limits do not include the effect of the weight of the beam. Therefore, the loadings shown
in the charts should be used to assist in the selection of runway beams only and should not be used to as-
sist in the selection of bridge beams.
Loadings shown in the charts are based ONLY upon SINGLE PLANE LOADING. Combined loads ARE
NOT included. Consideration of combined loading or twisting of the beam about itsetf because of large
lateral loads should be analyzed by structural/mechanicai engineers or any similarly qualified personnet.
Lower flange loadings based on a maximum flange stress (tension) of 16,000 psi.
'2r000rwo
' Compression; with maximum of 17.5(10 psi
Id/Ar
Where = I = Span in inches
d = Depth of beam in inches
A r = Area of compression flange in square Inches

WARNING:
F The m a t e d conbind m this booklet I intendo. b use only 4 s t r u c t u r a l t m ~mobems ar
any sirnitufly qualifiedpwsmn&. It will gurdetheuse?(hrougha s y ~ t i c ~ u e nof4~ewmpUtatrOnS
c e
to a& In determrning Icads: a tabulglion of beams to wppon the load ISthen p r o w d d
For unusual loading oomIitions ml c o w e d in 1b1sgut& woodlacr our York omca
While every precaution wss aken to inwre that ail data and inf0rmal1onemtalned herein is a w r a l e ,
Aeca urnnot assume responsibility for errors or oversights In its usa
-.
-3
I_ ,I
-
RUNWAY BEAM
SlZE SELECTION
FOR FOUR WHEEL
TOP RUNNING CRANE
(TWO WHEELS
PER END TRUCK)

The purpose of t h ~ sprocedure IS to outl~nethe steps and calculat~ons to calculate E.C.L.

~nvolvedIn select~nga runway beam for a 4,wheel top runnlng crane
havlng 2 wheels per end truck. STEP 3-SELECT RUNWAY BEAM SlZE
Maximum center loads (M.C.L.) for various beams and composite
Top running cranes operate on rails attached to the runway beams on beams are tabulated on pages 9 through 15. Any beam or composite
the center of the top flange directly above the beam web. Rail size must beam havlng M.C.L. greater than E.C.L. for the span length under
be selected according to Acco H & C Division catalog information to cons~derat~onmay be used as the runway beam size.
properly fit wheels supplied on the end truck or crane.
EXAMPLE:
STEP 1-CALCULATE MAXIMUM WHEEL LOAD (M.W.L) Select a runway beam for operation of a Series 544,7'h ton crane with a
M.W.L. means the load on any wheel with the trolley and rated capacity 25 It. span weighing 5935#. Crane has a 7% ton top running trolley hoist
load positioned on the br~dgeto give the maximum loading condition weighing 2975# with a hook speed of 27 FPM. End truck wheel base is
on that wheel. M.W.L. will occur when the trolley and rated capac~ty 7'-8" (7.67'). Runway span length between supports is 20'.
load are pos~t~oned at the extreme end of the br~dgeand on cranes
w~thouta cab or platform IS calculated as follows:
K = 1 +
(.005)(S)
KP
M.W.L. = - +-
H C +
= 1 (.005)(27)
2 2
+-
4 +
= 1 .135
= 1.135 Use 1.15
Where: P = We~ghtof rated capac~tyload In pounds (1 ton = 2000 c )
KP H C
H = Wecght of h o ~ s tand trolley In pounds M.W.L. = - + - + -
C = Weight of crane In pounds 2 2 4
K = Impact allowance factor (not less than 1.15 or greater
than 1.50)
Impact allowance of the rated capaclty load shall he taken as one.half
of one percent of the load per foot per mlnule of h o ~ s t ~ nspeed,
g but
not less than 1 5 8 or more than 50%. except for bucket and magnet
cranes for whlch the Impact allowance shall be taken as 50% of the From page 7
rated capac~tyload Therefore.
-
A - -7'67 = ,383 Use .35
L 20
where S = H o s t hook speed In feet per mlnute
If a f~xedbrldge cab or platform IS used. l/l 01 the we~ghtof the cab or
platform and mounted equipment shall be added to M W L E C.L. = (K,)(M.W.L.)
= (1.362)(11597)
STEP 2-CALCULATE EQUIVALENT CENTER LOAD (E.C.L.) = 15795~
ECL IS the load that. *hen applied rn a concentrated loadlng condl Relerrlng to M.C.L. tabulation for Amer~canStandard Shapes ([.beam)
t ~ o nat the center of the runway span length between supports spec1 on page 7, a beam must be selected that has a M.C.L. greater than
fled. causes a bend~ngstress In the beam equivalent to the bendlng 1 5 7 9 5 ~when the span length IS 20'.
stress that occurs In the beam when a 2 wheel top runnlng end truck
of a specified wheel base operates on ~t Refer to page 7 for procedure S20 x 66 has a M.C.L of 17330# and, therefore, can b e used.
 RUNWAY BEAM
SlZE SELECTION
FOR EIGHT WHEEL
UNDERHUNG CRANE
(FOUR WHEELS
PER END TRUCK)

The purpose of this procedure is to outline the steps and calculations STEP 3-SELECT RUNWAY BEAM SlZE

r involved i n selecting a runway beam for an 8-wheel underhung crane

having 4 wheels per end truck.

Underhung cranes operate on and are directly supported by the lower

Maximum center loads (M.C.L.) for various beams and composite
beams are tabulated on pages 9 through 15. Maximum lower flange
loads (L.F.L.) per pair of wheels for various beams or basic beam of
composite beams are tabulated on pages 9 through 11. Any beam or
flanges of the runway beam. Failure of the lower flange can occur at composite beam having M.C.L. greater than E.C.L. for the span length
a significanlly lower load than that which would cause failure of the under consideration and havlng L.F.L. greater than M.W.L. may be
beam. and therefore must be taken into consideralion. used as the runway beam size.
STEP 1-CALCULATE MAXIMUM WHEEL PAIR LOAD (M.W.L.) EXAMPLE:
M.W.L. means the load on any palr of wheels w ~ t hthe trolley and rated Select a runway beam for operation of a Series 524.7'h ton crane with a
capac~tyload p o s ~ t ~ o n eon
d the bridge to give the maximum loading 25 ft. span weighing 4190#. Crane has a 7% ton hoist with a motorized
condillon on that palr of wheels. M.W.L. will occur when the trolley and trolley operating on it. Hoist hook speed is 27 FPM. Weight of hoist and
rated capac~tyload are positioned at the extreme end of the bridge motorized trolley is 1525U. End truck wheel base is 6'. Runway span
and on cranes without a cab or platform IS calculated as follows: length between supports is 20'.

M.W.L. =
KP
- H
+- C
+-
K = 1 + (.005)(S)
2 2 4 = 1 + (.005)(27)
= 1 + .135
Where: P = We~ghtof rated capaclty load In pounds (1 ton = 2000=) = 1.135 Use 1.15
H = We~ghtof holst and trolley In pounds
C = Welght of crane In pounds M.W.L. =
KP
- H +-
+- C
K = Impact allowance factor (not less than 1.15 or greater 2 2 4
than 1.50)
Impact allowance of the rated capac~tyload shall be taken as one.half
of one percent of the load per foot per mlnute of holstlng speed, but
not less than 15% or more than SO%, except for bucket and magnet
cranes for whlch the Impact allowance shall be taken as 50% of the
rated capac~tyload. Therefore: From page 7

where: S = Holst hook speed in feet per m~nute.

If a f ~ x e dbridge cab or platform IS used, I/, of the weight of the cab or E.C.L. = (K,)(M.W.L.)
platform and mounted equipment shall be added to M.W.L. = (1.445)(10436)

r STEP 2-CALCULATE EQUIVALENT CENTER LOAD (E.C.L.)

E C.L IS the load that, when appl~edIn a concentrated loadlng condl
= 15080~
Referring to M.C.L. tabulation for American Standard Shapes (I-beam)
and L.F.L. tabulation on page 9. a beam must be selected that has a
tlon at the center of the runway span length between supports spect M.C.L. greater than 1 5 0 8 0 s when the span length 1s 20', and has a
fled, causes a bendlng stress In the beam equivalent t o the bendlng L.F.L. greater than 1 0 4 3 6 ~ .
stress that occurs In the beam when a 4 wheel underhung end truck of
a s p e c ~ f ~ ewheel
d base operates on 11 Refer to page 7 for procedure to S20 x 66 has a M.C.L of 17330# and a LF.L of 11290# and, therefore.
calculate E C L can b e used.
 RUNWAY BEAM
EQUIVALENT CENTER LOAD
AND MAXIMUM SUPPORT LOAD
FOR TWO MOVING LOADS

The purpose of this procedure i Z to outllne the steps and calculations STEP 4-CALCULATE MAXIMUM SUPPORT LOAD (M.S.L.)
lnvolved in determining the equivalent center load and the maximum M.S.L. is calculated by multiplying M.W.L. by multipl~cat~on
factor K,
support load for runway beams subjected to two equal moving loads or
(2.wheel top running end truck or 4.wheel underhung end truck). M.S.L. = (K,)(M.W.L.)
The above calculated M.S.L. IS based on loading caused by the crane
only and the total load on the support to use In the support deslgn
must also include the runway beam weight, lateral and longitudinal
loads caused by crane trolley and bridge movement, and weight of any
attachments and equipment mounted on the runway.

EXAMPLE:
The flgure above represents a runway beam span length between sup- Find the E.C.L. and M.S.L. for a runway span of 30' on whlch an end
ports on which is operating two equal moving loads separated by a truck having a 6'.9" wheel base operates. M.W.L. = 8000=
distance equal to a crane end truck wheel base. Each moving load is
equal to M.W.L. and can be calculated by procedures outlined on infor. Wheel base = 6'.9" = 6.75'
mation sheets for the product under investigation.

EQUIVALENT CENTER LOAD (E.C.L.)

E.C.L. is the load that, when applied in a concentrated loading condi.
tion at the center of the span length specified, causes a bending stress Table does not have an A/L value of .225, therefore, use the next lower
in the beam equivalent to the bending stress that occurs in the beam value. A/L = .20
when two equal movtng loads separated by a specified wheel base From table, under A / L value of .20.
distance operates on rt.

MAXIMUM SUPPORT LOAD (M.S.L.)

Loading at therunway span supports will vary as the two equal moving
loads change position during operat~onon the runway. The maximum E.C.L. = (K,)(M.W.L.)
loading condition must be known for deslgn of the support and is called = (1.620)(8000)
M.S.L. caused by the moving crane loads. = 12960~
The following informatton for calculating E.C.L. and M.S.L. is based M.S.L. = (K,)(M.W.L.)
on the standard A.I.S.C. equations for a srmple beam hav~ngtwo equal = (1.800)(8000)
concentrated moving loads. = 14400~
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION-TWO UNEQUAL MOVING LOADS
STEP 1-CALCULATE RATIO A/L For conditions where two unequal moving loads are encountered, the
Calculate the ratto AIL, where A = truck wheel base. and L = runway E.C.L. and M.S.L. can be calculated by the standard A.I.S.C. equations
span length between supports. Values of A and L must be in the same for a simple beam having two unequal concentrated movlng loads.
units. both In Inches. or both In feet. Procedures and equations are as follows, where:

STEP 2-SELECT MULTIPLICATION FACTORS PI = Heavler load

From the following table, select the multtpllcatlon factors K, and K, P, = Lrghter load
based on the calculated A, L ratlo. When the calculated value of A, L M = Maxlmum bending moment
falls between the A L values shown In the table, use the next lower Calculate M by the following two methods:
tabulated A/C value

Less
Than
.05 .25 .30
2.000 1.532 1.445 4
2.000 1.750 1.700
2.5 .60 .65
Use the largest value of M and calculate E.C.L. as follows:
1.362 1.000 1.000
1.650
4M
1.400 1.350 E.C.L. = -
.70 .95 1.oo L
or greater
1.000 1.000 Calculate M.S.L. as follows:
1.050 1.000
Where A IS less than L:

+ (P,) -
STEP 3-CALCULATE EQUIVALENT CENTER LOAD (E.C.L.)
E.C.L. 1s calculated by multlplylng M.W.L. by multtpl~cat~on
factor K,
M.S.L. = PI
(L ;A )
or Where A IS equal to or greater than L'
E.C.L. = (K,)(M.W.L.) MSL =PI
 AMERICAN STANDARD SHAPES
(S SHAPES)

MOTE: REFERENCES:
S20 and 524 shape information is based on new, revlsed profiles having an effec- "Manual of Steel Construction." Eighth (1980) Edition. American Institute of Steel
tlve date of 1 September 1978. and is not appl~cablel o the same size shapes rolled Construction. New York.

r in accordance with previous obsolete profile standards. In addition l o the shapes

tabulated above, over thirty (20)sires of American Standard shapes were rolled at
one time and are now considered obsolete. These obsolete beams may still be
"Steel Construction." Third (1937) Edition. American Institute of Steel Construction.
New York.
"Bethlehem Structural Shapes." 1980Edition.Catalog 32778, BethlehemSteelCorpo-
found in older installat~onsFor such cases. where the obsolete shape designation ration. Bethlehem, PA.
IS known or actual measurements of lhe beam indicate 11i s not one of the above "Bethlehem Structural Shapes:' 1975 Edition. Catalog 2747A. Bethlehem Steel Cor-
standard shapes. refer to the references. or contact the York Office poration. Bethlehem. PA.
"Bethlehem Struclural Shapes." 1962 Edition, Calalog 1836. Bethlehem Steel Corpo-
ration. Bethlehem. PA.
 AMERICAN STANDARD SHAPES
(S SHAPES)

Lower flange loadlngs tabulated below are based on static load and do not consider s e ~ l c e Spacing
. between wheel centers must be equal to or
greater than total flange width. All loadlng flgures shown are In pounds.

7x153 3,040 44%

3074 2209 1641 - - - - -
D
D I D D
axle 4 3.m 4867 3516
7092 2631 2017 - - - - -
D D D D D
ax23 3,600 5467 3942
7977 2942 2248 - - - - -
D D D D D
10xB4 4.830 10584 7694
14362
D T D
5807
D
4503
D
3561
D
2856
D
- - - - -

lox% 4,830 17071

12510 9078 6835 5283 4161 - - - -
O T D D
, ~ ~ 3 1 8 5,810
1 16266
L
21193
T
11951
L L
9150
L
5856 4840 4067 3465
7229
L
L I L L
- - - - -
12x35 5.~ 17153 12602
~ 22233
L0T L L
9648 7623 6175 51C-31 4288 3654
L L L . L L
- - - - -
12xa8 7,870 21948 17007
26428
T T D
12886 10045 7998 6471 5296 4371
D D D D D D
- - - - -
I 12x50 1 7,870 T
34747
24533 19033
29549
T I D
25025 18386
14407 11216 8915 7197 5875 4833
D D D D . 0
14077 11122 9009 7445 6256 5331 4596
D
-
4004 3519
- 1 -
_
- -
-
-
-
-
-
a -
-
1 ~ ~ 4 2 9 7,420 T L L L L L L L L L L L
15x50 7,420 37762
1
27284 20046 1537 12126 9822 8118 6821 5812 5011
L L L i L , L L
1365
L
3837
L
- - - - - I
L L L
18x547 9,060 52052
L
36147 26557
L L
20333 16065 13013 10755 9037 7700 6639
L L L L L L L L
5784
L
5083' 4503
L I
4016
L
3605
L
- - - - - 1
t 4
18x70 9,060 60070 41882 30771 23559 18614 15078 12461 10471 8922 7693 6701 5890 5217 4654 4177 - - - - -
T L L L L L L L L L L L L L L
ax@ 11,290 69319
L
48138
L
35367
L
27078 21395 17330 14322 12035 10254 8842
L L L L l L L l
7702
L
6769
l
5996
L
5348
L
4800 4332 3929
L L L
- - - -

ax75 11,290 74574

L
51788
L
38048
L
29131 23017 18644 15408 12947 11031 9512
L L L L L L L
8286
L
7282
L
6451
L
5754
L
5164 4661 4227
L L L
- - - -
1 14,gm 90493
T
75253 59754
T L
45749 36147 29279 241% 20333 17325 14938
L L L L I L L L
lNl3
L
I1437
L
10131
L
90%
L
8110 7319 €639
L L L
- - - -

ax% 14,m96309 T
8M)81 64095
T L
49072 38773 31406 25956'21810 18583 1W23
L L L L ! L L -
13958
L
12268
L
10867
L
9893
L
8699 7851 7121
L L L
-
- 1 - -
24x8013.900- 73337 53880 41252 32594 26401 21819 18334 15622 13;170 11733 10313 91% 8148 7313 6600 5986 5454 4990 4544 3920
L L L L L L L L - L L L L L L L L L C C
78029 57328 43892 34680 28091 23215 19507 16622 14332 12485 10973 9720 8670 7781 7023 6370 5804 5310 4828 4190
, 2 4 x w 1 3 . w 0 - L L L L L L L L - L L L L L L L L L C C
124x10013.900- 82895 60903
L L
46629 36642 29842 24663 20724 17658 15225
L L L L L L L
13263
L
11657
L
10326
L
9210
L
8266 7460 6767 6166 5641
L L L L L
5161
C
4468
C
24x106 21.020 - 98440 75368 59550 48236 39864 33479 28542 24510 21438 18842 16690 14887 13362 12059 10938 4966 9118 8374 7717
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L
24x121 21.020 - 81429 64339 52115 43070 36191 30637 26589 23162 20357 18032 16084 14436 13028 11817 10767 9851 9047 8338
- L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L
Limits T = Tension C = Compression D = Vertical Deflection L = Laleral Deflection
'Recommended Lower Flange Load~ngper pair of wheels.
L

AMERICAN STANDARD SHAPES

(S SHAPES) WITH
CAPPING CHANNEL

Theoretical Dimensions and Properties

NOTES AND REFERENCES: Refer to pge 5

7
 NOTE: For underhung cranes operaling on the lower flanges of
Ihe runway beam. check lower flange loading limits on page 6.

AMERICAN STANDARD SHAPES

(S SHAPES) WITH
CAPPING CHANNEL
Beam Loading
J

24x121 15x339
1 - 1 - 1 - 1 -
All loading figures shown are In pounds.

L~rnilsT = Tenslon C = Cornpresston D = V e r l ~ c a Dell

l L - Lateral Defl
 L 2,o l 1 s Rad. (20" 8 25" = '/a)

I
I I A.S.C.E. BETHLEH~M 104 LB. U.S. S T E ~ L105 LB.
b- bd- Dimension nomenclature on sketch of A.S.C.E. rail also applies l o the other rails.

1 Bethlehem * 2 U.S. Steel * 3 Bethlehem & U.S. Steel.

REFERENCES: "Manual of Steel Construction," Eighth (1980) Edition, American Institute of Steel Construction, Inc., New York.
"Bethlehem Trackwork," Bethlehem Steel Corporation, Bethlehem. Pa., Catalog 2341.
"C.M.A.A." Specification NO. 70. Revised 1975. Crane Manufacturers Association of American, Inc.. Pittsburgh, Pa.,
1975.
 CRANE RAILS

U.S. STEEL & BETHLEHEM 171 LB.

BETHLEHEM 135 LB. GUIDE FOR MAXIMUM BRIDGE AND TROLLEY WHEEL LOADINGS. LBS. (P) BETHLEHEM 175 LB.

I I

Effedlve W~dthof Rall Head(W)

Inches 344 1.000 1.063 1.250 1.750 1.875 2.125 2.250 3.125 3.500
(Top of head minus corner radii)

NOTES: Figures based on acceptable cast chilled iron, or rolled, forged, or cast steel properly heat treated. Figures do not include any allowance
for impact. For unusual conditions, consideration must be given to other factors that are not included in the simple formula on which the
table figures are based.
 WIDE FLANGE SHAPES
(W SHAPES)

NOTE: Wide Flange shape information is based on new, revised pro- "Comparison Calalog Structural Shapes. New Profiles W. HP.
files having an effective date of 1 September 1978, and is not and WT Shapes." 1977 Edition. Catalog 3223.Bethlehem Steel
applicable to the same sue shape rolled in accordance with Corporalion. Belhlehem, PA.
previous obsolete profile standards. Approxlmatel~135 sizes "Interim Catalog Structural Shapes. New Profiles W, HP, and
of Wide Flange shapes are currently produced in addition l o those WT shapes,'1977 ~ catalog
~ 3231. B~~~~~~~~
~ ~ iSteel Car-
~ ~ ,
lisled above. For information on these unl~sledsizes. refer to ooration, Belhlehem. pA.
-
the references, or conlacl the York olfice.
Wide Flange shape profiles rolled prior to 1 September 1978 are
now considered obsolete. These obsolete beams may still be
"New Series W. WT. HP Struclural Steel Shapes." 1977 Edilion.
Unitedstatej steelcorDoration. pittsburoh. pA. I
lound in existing installations. For suchcases, where Ihe obso-
lete shape designation is known or actual measurements of the
'Recommended Lower Flange Loading
beam indicate it is not one of the present standard shapes.
per pair of wheels.
reler to the references or contacl Ihe York olfice.
12
Lower flange loadlngs tabulated below are based on slatlc load and do not conrlder servlce. Spaclng between wheel centers must be equal to or
greater than total flange wldth. All loading figures shown are In poundr.

Limits T = Tension C = Compression 0 = Vertical Oefl. L = Lateral Oefl

13
 NOTE: For underhung cranes oparaling on the lowar llsnges 01
Ihe runvnv beam. check lower ll8noe loadino llmils on oaoe 12.

W SHAPES
WITH
CAPPING CHANNEL
I Beam Loadlng
I
 All loading figures shown are in poundr.

15
Limits T = Tension C = Compress~on D = Vert~calDefl L = Lateral Defl
--
 W SHAPES
WITH
CAPPING CHANNEL
Theoretical
Dlmenslons and Properties

NOTES: Refer lo page 12: REFERENCES: Refa to page 5.

Am
--
I - @
Acco Chain 8 Lifting Products Division
76 Acco Drive, Box 792, Yo., PA 17405
Telephone 717 741-4863
Fax -717 741-4956 Telex 84-0412