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Characteristics of Academic Text:
 Written by professionals in the field.

 Well-edited and time-intensive to publish.
 Formal language usage.
 Specific field-specific vocabulary and jargon.
Examples of Academic Text:
 School books and textbooks.

 Journal articles.
 Research proposals and papers.
 Some newspapers and magazine articles.
 Theses and dissertations.
Types of Academic Text:
 Descriptive: Presents facts and information.

 Analytical: Organizes information into categories or relationships.
 Persuasive: Includes arguments, recommendations, and personal viewpoint.
 Critical: Considers multiple viewpoints, including one's own.
Characteristics of Non-Academic Text:
 Written for the general public.

 Quickly published, may be by anyone.
 May lack research or sources.
 Informal and conversational language.
 May use slang.
 Authorship might be unknown.
 Simple and basic information.
 Easily understandable by diverse readers.
 Personal, emotional, or subjective in nature.
Examples of Non-Academic Text:
 Blog posts.
 Fiction books.
 Letters.
 Personal journals and diaries.
Factors that Shape Academic Writing:
1. Audience: The intended readership of the writing.

2. Purpose: The reason for writing, which can be informative or educational.
3. Organization: The arrangement of ideas and content.
4. Style: The manner of writing, often formal and research-based.
5. Flow: The logical progression and transition between ideas.
6. Presentation: How the content is visually laid out and structured.
 Structure: Utilizes sentences and paragraphs; written in the third person; based on
research and factual information; relies on scholars' opinions.
 Purpose: Primarily aims to inform and educate.
 Tone: Formal and impersonal.
Characteristics of Non-Academic Text:
 Structure: Composed of sentences and paragraphs; often employs first-person

perspective; may be subjective, creative, or imaginative; incorporates personal
experiences and opinions.
 Purpose: Usually intends to entertain or persuade.
 Tone: Informal, personal, and emotional.
1. Question: What are the key characteristics of academic text?

Answer: The key characteristics of academic text include being written by professionals
in the field, being well-edited and time-intensive to publish, using formal language, and
incorporating specific field-specific vocabulary and jargon.
2. Question: How does academic text differ from non-academic text in terms of
authorship?
Answer: Academic texts are typically authored by professionals in the field, while non-
academic texts can be written by anyone, including the general public.
3. Question: Give examples of academic text.
Answer: Examples of academic text include school books, textbooks, journal articles,
research proposals and papers, some newspapers and magazine articles, and theses and
dissertations.
4. Question: What are the different types of academic text? Provide brief explanations for
each type.
Answer: The different types of academic text are:
 Descriptive: Presents facts and information.
 Analytical: Organizes information into categories or relationships.
 Persuasive: Includes arguments, recommendations, and personal viewpoint.
 Critical: Considers multiple viewpoints, including one's own.
5. Question: How is formal language usage a defining feature of academic text?
Answer: Academic text employs formal language usage to maintain a professional tone
and to communicate complex ideas with precision and clarity.
6. Question: How does the use of specific field-specific vocabulary and jargon contribute
to academic writing?
Answer: Specific field-specific vocabulary and jargon are used in academic writing to
accurately convey specialized concepts and ideas to experts in the field, enhancing
precision and clarity of communication.
Factors that Shape Academic Writing:
1. Question: List the six factors that shape academic writing.

Answer: The factors that shape academic writing are audience, purpose, organization,
style, flow, and presentation.
2. Question: Explain the significance of the audience in shaping academic writing.
Answer: The audience determines the level of complexity, terminology, and background
information required in the writing, influencing how the content is presented and
explained.
3. Question: How does the purpose of writing influence the structure of academic text?
Answer: The purpose of writing dictates whether the content should inform, educate,
persuade, or critically analyze, which in turn affects the choice of structure and
approach.
4. Question: Describe the concept of flow in academic writing and its importance.
Answer: Flow refers to the logical progression of ideas and the smooth transition
between sentences and paragraphs. It's important for maintaining reader engagement
and comprehension.
5. Question: How does presentation affect the readability and comprehensibility of
academic text?
Answer: Effective presentation, including layout, formatting, headings, and visuals,
enhances the overall readability and organization of academic text, making it easier for
readers to follow and understand.
6. Question: Why is style important in academic writing, and how does it typically differ
from non-academic writing?
Answer: Style is important in academic writing as it establishes a formal, scholarly tone
and ensures consistency. It differs from non-academic writing by avoiding casual
language, personal anecdotes, and emotional appeals.

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Characteristics of Academic Text:

 Written by professionals in the field.

Examples of Academic Text:

 School books and textbooks.

Types of Academic Text:

 Descriptive: Presents facts and information.

Characteristics of Non-Academic Text:

 Written for the general public.

Examples of Non-Academic Text:

Factors that Shape Academic Writing:

1. Audience: The intended readership of the writing.

Characteristics of Academic Text:

Characteristics of Non-Academic Text:

 Structure: Composed of sentences and paragraphs; often employs first-person

Characteristics of Academic Text:

1. Question: What are the key characteristics of academic text?

Factors that Shape Academic Writing:

1. Question: List the six factors that shape academic writing.

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