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Week 12 - Muscles Worksheet

This document contains an outline for a study session on muscle physiology. It includes questions about the functions of the muscular system, labeling diagrams of muscle structure, describing the sliding filament theory of muscle contraction, and explaining the process of excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal muscle. The study session covers topics like muscle fiber anatomy, sarcomere structure, roles of actin and myosin, motor unit organization, neuromuscular transmission, and membrane potentials.

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xcupcakex122006
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
29 views

Week 12 - Muscles Worksheet

This document contains an outline for a study session on muscle physiology. It includes questions about the functions of the muscular system, labeling diagrams of muscle structure, describing the sliding filament theory of muscle contraction, and explaining the process of excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal muscle. The study session covers topics like muscle fiber anatomy, sarcomere structure, roles of actin and myosin, motor unit organization, neuromuscular transmission, and membrane potentials.

Uploaded by

xcupcakex122006
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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BSC 2085: Laura Prado SI sessions: Tue 3-3:50pm & Thu 4-4:50pm (LA233)

Lprado3@fau.edu Tutoring: Tue 1-3pm & Thu 2-4pm (LA119)

Week 12/ Session 1: Muscle Physiology

1. List and describe five functions of the muscular system:

1)

2)

3)

4)

5)

2. Label the diagram, given the following terms:

a. epimysium e. perimysium i. microfilaments


3. Define aponeurosis: ______________________________________________________________________________________
b. muscle f. myofibril j. muscle fiber (cell)
c. fascicle g. tendon
d. bone h. endomysium
4. Complete the table:

Muscle Group (Action) Function Example

1
BSC 2085: Laura Prado SI sessions: Tue 3-3:50pm & Thu 4-4:50pm (LA233)
Lprado3@fau.edu Tutoring: Tue 1-3pm & Thu 2-4pm (LA119)

Agonist

Synergist

Antagonist

Fixator

5. List and describe five characteristics of muscles:


1)
2)
3)
4)
5)

6. Circle the correct: (Smooth/Skeletal) muscle is usually attached to bones and helps bones
move through (tendons/ligaments). It is (a voluntary/an involuntary) muscle that
(contains/does not contain) striations and is a (uninucleate/multinucleate) cell.

7. Describe and draw myosin and actin microfilaments:

MYOSIN: ACTIN:

2
BSC 2085: Laura Prado SI sessions: Tue 3-3:50pm & Thu 4-4:50pm (LA233)
Lprado3@fau.edu Tutoring: Tue 1-3pm & Thu 2-4pm (LA119)

8. Fill in the blank: ________________________ filaments connect thick filaments to the Z disc and are
made of protein titin (connectin). They keep filaments aligned, resist tension, and aid in recoil.

9. Fill in the blanks: Actin and myosin are __________________________ proteins and tropomyosin and
troponin are _________________________ proteins.

10. Match the following:


a. Sarcomere _____ contains overlapping region of both thin and thick filaments
b. Z disc _____ bisected by the Z disc
c. H band _____ runs from Z disc to Z disc
d. I band _____ contains on thick filaments
e. A band _____ dark band
_____ connected to thick filaments and anchors thin filaments
_____ contains thin filaments only
_____ define boundaries of sarcomere
_____ light band
_____ successive units that make up a myofibril

11. Label the following diagram using the given terms: (some used more than once)

a. thin filament (actin) d. H band g. Z disc


b. thick filament (myosin) e. sarcomere h. elastic filaments (titin)
c. A band f. I band

3
BSC 2085: Laura Prado SI sessions: Tue 3-3:50pm & Thu 4-4:50pm (LA233)
Lprado3@fau.edu Tutoring: Tue 1-3pm & Thu 2-4pm (LA119)

12. True or False: Sliding Filament Theory


_____ A bands move closer together but do not shorten.
_____ Thick filaments slide over thin filaments.
_____ I bands increase in length.
_____ H bands decrease in length.
_____ The distance from z line to z line does not shorten.
_____ Orientation of myosin on left side of sarcomere is the same as the orientation on the right.
_____ Many cross bridges are needed to produce contraction.
_____ Actin heads interact with myosin binding sites.

13. Define a motor unit. Describe small and large motor units and the advantage of having both:
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

14. Match the following:

a. neuromuscular junction ____ space between synaptic know and motor end plate
b. neurotransmitter ____ swelling of terminal nerve fiber; holds synaptic vesicles
c. synaptic knob ____ contains neurotransmitters
d. motor end plate ____ synapse between motor neuron and skeletal muscle
e. synaptic cleft ____ chemical that conveys message
f. synaptic vesicles ____ depression in sarcolemma

15. How does the sodium/potassium pump help maintain the resting membrane potential?
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

16. Label the diagram using the following terms:

a. Action potential
b. Threshold
c. Resting Potential
d. Hyperpolarization
e. Repolarization
f. Stimulus
g. Depolarization

4
BSC 2085: Laura Prado SI sessions: Tue 3-3:50pm & Thu 4-4:50pm (LA233)
Lprado3@fau.edu Tutoring: Tue 1-3pm & Thu 2-4pm (LA119)

17. Order the following events:

_____ Calcium ions are released. Transmission of the AP along theT tubules of the triads opens the
Ca2+ channels in the terminal cisterns of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), allowing Ca 2+ to flow
into the cytosol.

_____ Ca2+ entry causes ACh (a neurotransmitter) to be released by exocytosis.

_____ Contraction begins: Myosin binding to actin forms cross bridges and contraction (cross bridge
cycling) begins. At this point, E-C coupling is over.

_____ Voltage-gated Ca2+ channels open. Ca2+ enters the axon terminal moving down its
electrochemical gradient.

_____ The action potential (AP) propagates along the sarcolemma and down theT tubules.

_____ Calcium binds to troponin and removes the blocking action of tropomyosin. When Ca2+ binds,
troponin changes shape, exposing binding sites for myosin (active sites) on the thin filaments.

_____ ACh diffuses across the synaptic cleft and binds to its receptors on the sarcolemma.

_____ ACh binding opens ion channels in the receptors that allow simultaneous passage of Na + into
the muscle fiber and K+ out of the muscle fiber. More Na+ ions enter than K+ ions exit, which
produces a local change in the membrane potential called the end plate potential.

_____ Action potential arrives at axon terminal of motor neuron

18. How are the effects of ACh terminated? __________________________________________


______________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________

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