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    Seemous Paper

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    Abd Hafid
    The document summarizes 4 problems presented at the South Eastern European Mathematical Olympiad for University Students held in Agros, Cyprus in March 2007. Problem 1 involves proving that a decimal representation of a rational number can be written as a rational function, and vice versa. Problem 2 asks to prove that iterating a matrix A on a vector x will eventually result in the identity matrix. Problem 3 examines whether a function of two variables defined by polynomials is itself a polynomial, in two different fields. Problem 4 defines angles between line segments and asks to show certain properties of the sum of these angles, including convergence, an upper bound, and continuity of the defined function.

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    Seemous Paper

    Uploaded by

    Abd Hafid
    30 views2 pages
    The document summarizes 4 problems presented at the South Eastern European Mathematical Olympiad for University Students held in Agros, Cyprus in March 2007. Problem 1 involves proving that a decimal representation of a rational number can be written as a rational function, and vice versa. Problem 2 asks to prove that iterating a matrix A on a vector x will eventually result in the identity matrix. Problem 3 examines whether a function of two variables defined by polynomials is itself a polynomial, in two different fields. Problem 4 defines angles between line segments and asks to show certain properties of the sum of these angles, including convergence, an upper bound, and continuity of the defined function.

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    The document summarizes 4 problems presented at the South Eastern European Mathematical Olympiad for University Students held in Agros, Cyprus in March 2007. Problem 1 involves proving that a decimal representation of a rational number can be written as a rational function, and vice versa. Problem 2 asks to prove that iterating a matrix A on a vector x will eventually result in the identity matrix. Problem 3 examines whether a function of two variables defined by polynomials is itself a polynomial, in two different fields. Problem 4 defines angles between line segments and asks to show certain properties of the sum of these angles, including convergence, an upper bound, and continuity of the defined function.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    30 views2 pages

    Seemous Paper

    Uploaded by

    Abd Hafid
    The document summarizes 4 problems presented at the South Eastern European Mathematical Olympiad for University Students held in Agros, Cyprus in March 2007. Problem 1 involves proving that a decimal representation of a rational number can be written as a rational function, and vice versa. Problem 2 asks to prove that iterating a matrix A on a vector x will eventually result in the identity matrix. Problem 3 examines whether a function of two variables defined by polynomials is itself a polynomial, in two different fields. Problem 4 defines angles between line segments and asks to show certain properties of the sum of these angles, including convergence, an upper bound, and continuity of the defined function.

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    SEEMOUS 2007

    South Eastern European


    Mathematical Olympiad for
    University Students
    Agros, Cyprus
    7-12 March 2007

    Mathematical Society of South Eastern Europe


    Cyprus Mathematical Society

    COMPETITION PROBLEMS
    9 March 2007

    Do all problems 1-4. Each problem is worth 10 points. All answers should be
    answered in the booklet provided, based on the rules written in the Olympiad
    programme. Time duration: 9.00 – 14.00

    PROBLEM 1

    Given a∈(0,1) ∩ let a = 0,a1 a2 a3… be its decimal representation. Define


    ∞
    fa(x)= ∑ an xn , x∈(0 , 1).
    n =1

    P(x)
    Prove that fa is a rational function of the form fa(x) = , where P and Q are
    Q(x)
    polynomials with integer coefficients.
    ∞
    Conversely, if ak ∈ {0, 1, 2, … , 9} for all k∈ , and fa(x)= ∑ an x n for x∈(0 , 1)
    n =1

    P(x)
    is a rational function of the form fa(x) = , where P and Q are polynomials
    Q(x)
    with integer coefficients, prove that the number a = 0,a1 a2 a3… is rational.

    PROBLEM 2
    T
    { x i for x = (x1, x2,…, xn) ∈
    n
    Let f(x) = max and let A be an nxn matrix such
    i

    that f(Ax) = f(x) for all x∈ n . Prove that there exists a positive integer m such
    that Am is the identity matrix In.
    PROBLEM 3

    Let F be a field and let P: F x F → F be a function such that for every x0 ∈ F


    the function P(x0 , y) is a polynomial in y and for every y0 ∈ F the function
    P(x , y0) is a polynomial in x.
    Is it true that P is necessarily a polynomial in x and y, when
    a) F = , the field of rational numbers?
    b) F is a finite field?
    Prove your claims.

    PROBLEM 4

    For x∈ , y ≥ 0 and n∈ denote by wn(x , y) ∈ [0 , π ) the angle in radians


    with which the segment joining the point (n , 0) to the point (n + y , 0) is seen
    from the point (x , 1) ∈ 2 .
    ∞
    a) Show that for every x ∈ and y ≥ 0 , the series ∑w
    n = −∞
    n ( x , y) converges.
    ∞
    If we now set w(x,y) = ∑w
    n = −∞
    n ( x, y) , show that w(x,y) ≤ ([y] + 1) π .

    ([y] is the integer part of y)

    b) Prove that for every ε > 0 there exists δ > 0 such that for every y with
    0 < y < δ and every x∈ we have w(x,y) < ε .

    c) Prove that the function w : x [0 , +∞) → [0 , +∞) defined in (a) is


    continuous.

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