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What Are the Ethics in Artificial Intelligence (AI)?
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UNext Editorial Team  25 Nov 2022 Share   

Int roduct ion t o Art ificial Int elligence

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the field of study that aims to create machines that can perform tasks normally
 human intelligence. It enables computers and other devices to make decisions, take actions, and even
requiring
appear to think as humans do. AI systems have been used in many domains, including medical diagnosis, stock
trading, robot control, and self-driving cars.

There are two primary types of AI:

General Purpose AI
Domain-Specific AI

General Purpose AI is designed to be able to perform any intellectual task that a human being can. Examples
include IBM’s Watson, which was designed to play Jeopardy! Google’s AlphaGo system and DeepMind’s Alpha
Zero system for playing chess or go (a Chinese board game). These general AIs require large amounts of data
about how humans behave, so they can learn from this data how people solve problems in those domains and
how they should solve those problems themselves.

Domain-Specific AI is specialized for performing specific tasks in particular areas, such as healthcare
diagnostics or financial trading transactions, based on very little data compared with a general AI approach. It is
because they require only very specific knowledge about these tasks (e.g., thousands of pictures instead of
dozens per photo category).

AI is often confused with Machine Learning, a subset of AI. Machine Learning allows computers to learn from
data without being explicitly programmed.

For example, a Machine Learning algorithm might use past data to predict whether you will likely be diagnosed
with cancer-based on your symptoms. Machine Learning is often used alongside other AI techniques, such as
Deep Learning and Natural Language Processing (NLP). Deep learning involves training complex neural networks
using large amounts of data.

NLP is the ability of computers to understand human languages. For example, imagine you tell a computer, “I’m
going to the movies this weekend”—this is called natural language processing (NLP). NLP allows AIs to go
beyond simple commands and instructions by understanding what you mean.

AI is a broad term that refers to machines that can perform tasks normally requiring human intelligence. These
include things like learning, planning, and problem-solving. The term was coined in 1956 by John McCarthy, who
defined it as “the science and engineering of making intelligent machines.” Now let’s explain Artificial
Intelligence ethics.
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What are AI et hics?
What are AI ethics? AI ethics are the study of the moral and ethical considerations involved in developing and
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using Artificial Intelligence. The field of AI ethics does not only focus on what is morally right or wrong for a
specific machine but also on how to approach important questions such as: How can we make sure that
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autonomous machines act following our values? How can we ensure that they have less probability of harming Now
humans than other technologies? What is our responsibility as designers and users of ethical AI systems?

Ethics in AI are also referred to as machine ethics or computational ethics. As an emerging discipline, it is often
unclear what constitutes “good” or “bad” behavior for AI algorithms. However, several principles guide
researchers in this area:

Algorithms should be designed to be accountable and inherently trustworthy; if an algorithm causes harm,
it should be possible to determine which parts were responsible so they can be fixed or replaced. This
means that while humans may need some time before they understand why something happened,
computers shouldn’t need any explanation at all because everything will always be explicit within their
codebase.
Automation should not result in job loss. Rather than replacing people who would otherwise occupy those
positions themselves (like waiters, for instance), companies should look into automating tasks where
machines can do better work than humans due to being faster/more accurate/less prone to error, etc.
Artificial Intelligence systems should produce the least amount of harm. However, this does not mean these
systems won’t ever produce any harm since no machine will ever know exactly how its actions will affect
 other people/things. For example, someone might get hurt if an autonomous car crashes into another
vehicle at full speed. To prevent this from happening again, the company would have to go back and check
that its algorithm is not biased against certain groups of people. This could mean running it through a series
of tests to ensure that no one is being discriminated against by their Machine Learning process.
Companies should ensure that their Artificial Intelligence systems are not biased; to prevent discrimination
against certain groups of people, companies should ensure that the AI they create is not biased toward
anyone.

Principles for AI Et hics

Principles for AI ethics are a set of rules and guidelines that are meant to help protect society from the negative
effects of Artificial Intelligence. These principles aim to protect people, the environment, and the economy.

AI ethics revolves around four main areas:

1. Safet y:
This refers to how well an AI can avoid harming humans. This includes things like not causing physical harm or
using offensive language. It also includes things like protecting intellectual property rights and privacy.

2. Securit y:
This refers to how well an AI can prevent other systems from attacking it or taking advantage of it in some way. It
also refers to how well an AI can protect itself from being hacked or manipulated by humans who want to use it
for nefarious means (like stealing money).

3. Privacy:
This refers to how much information an AI system knows about you, where it gets its data from, how it stores
that information, what kind of analysis tools it uses with that data, etc. Basically, everything related to your
personal information is being used/shared by any technology company!
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4. Fairness:
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This refers to whether or not your rights as a consumer are being protected when interacting with a company’s
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services/products.

8 Principles of AI Et hics
AI systems should be designed and operated to be safe, secure, and private. The designers and builders of
intelligent autonomous systems must:

Ensure that they are robust, reliable, and trustworthy.

Incorporate mechanisms that reflect societal values and aims as they interact with people outside their
immediate purview.
Ensure that their creations are adaptive so that they can learn from experience over time to improve their
performance and capabilities.
Consider the full range of human needs in their design, for example, by promoting safety, privacy,
trustworthiness, fairness, transparency, accountability, and inclusion in society through AI technologies.”
Ensure that they can explain how decisions are made by their creations so that people can understand
them and take action to correct any mistakes that are made.
 Confirm that these technologies are designed in ways that respect human rights, including privacy,
freedom of thought and speech, bodily integrity, and freedom from cruel or degrading treatment.”
Consider the impact on society when developing these technologies.

Challenges in AI Et hics
As a new field, AI ethics is still in the process of being developed. There are many ethics and risks of AI. There are
no clear rules or guidelines for AI ethics because it is a relatively new field. As such, of these AI ethical issues, it
can be challenging to determine whether or not any given program has acted ethically when there are no
established protocols for determining what constitutes ethical behavior.

Additionally, the complexity of Artificial Intelligence makes it difficult to examine its capabilities and limitations
with regard to ethical considerations. For example, if a self-driving car were programmed to make split-second
decisions about whether or not it should save its passengers at the expense of pedestrians crossing the street,
how could we know whether or not these decisions were morally sound? Without knowing all possible
outcomes of these actions—and their consequences—it would be impossible for us humans (or even other
computers) to judge them truly objectively from a moral standpoint. This problem is compounded when
considering that Machine Learning algorithms vary widely depending on their training data sets and other
parameters (such as “fitness functions”).

In fact, many people believe that some form of regulation may be necessary before Artificial Intelligence
becomes widespread enough for us humans even realize there’s anything wrong with our creations’ behavior
patterns; these individuals fear that without proper oversight by experts versed both in technology
development and ethics research fields like philosophy/political science/economics, etc., society will suffer
greatly due to irresponsible use cases involving Artificial Intelligence technology devices such as autonomous
cars driving around streets full of pedestrians who might not understand what they’re witnessing. 

This same scenario applies equally well across many industries where autonomous machines are becoming
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commonplace, including manufacturing plants where robots perform tasks intended by humans so efficiently
they’re impacting unemployment rates worldwide.
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Conclusion Now

AI’s ethics are something we must consider as quickly as possible. Many questions need answers, such as
whether or not robots should be given equal human rights. Should a universal set of rules govern AI applications
across the board? These questions and more need to be answered for us to create a safe future with AI.
However, to learn the ethics of AI in detail, you must consider the UNext and IIM Indore’s Executive PG Diploma
in Management & Artificial Intelligence.

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