Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                

Tutorial Scratch

Download as pdf or txt
Download as pdf or txt
You are on page 1of 31

7XWRULDOVREUHR6FUDWFK

2TXHpR6FUDWFK"

MX7 © Porto Editora


26FUDWFKpXPDOLQJXDJHPGHSURJUDPDomRYLVXDOTXHSRUDUUDVWDPHQWRHHQFDL[HGH
EORFRV FRORULGRV QXP DPELHQWH JUiILFR SHUPLWH FULDU KLVWyULDV LQWHUDWLYDV DQLPDo}HV
MRJRVDSUHVHQWDo}HVVLPXODo}HVHPXLWRPDLV26FUDWFKQmRIRLSURMHWDGRDSHQDVSDUD
DSUHQGHU D SURJUDPDU PDV WDPEpP SDUD GHVHQYROYHU D FDSDFLGDGH GH UHVROYHU
SUREOHPDVHVWLPXODUDFULDWLYLGDGHRUDFLRFtQLRDFRODERUDomRHDDSUHQGL]DJHPSHOD
H[SORUDomRHGHVFREHUWD

3URJUDPDHP6FUDWFK 5HVXOWDGRGDH[HFXomRGRSURJUDPD

,QVWDODomRHUHJLVWR
2HGLWRUGR6FUDWFKSRGHVHUXWLOL]DGRRIIOLQHDWUDYpVGDLQVWDODomRGRSURJUDPDQXP
GLVSRVLWLYR KWWSVVFUDWFKPLWHGXGRZQORDG RXRQOLQHDWUDYpVGRSRUWDOGR6FUDWFK
KWWSVVFUDWFKPLWHGX 
3DUDLQVWDODURHGLWRU6FUDWFKRIIOLQHKiGXDVYHUV}HV
x 6FUDWFKSDUDRVLVWHPDRSHUDWLYR:LQGRZVRXVXSHULRUPDF26RX
VXSHULRU&KURPH26H$QGURLGRXVXSHULRU
x 6FUDWFKSDUDGLVSRVLWLYRVFRPVLVWHPDVRSHUDWLYRVDQWHULRUHV
'HYHUiLQVWDODUDYHUVmRGHDFRUGRFRPRVHXVLVWHPDRSHUDWLYR

3DUDDEULURHGLWRUGH6FUDWFKRQOLQHHQWUHQDSODWDIRUPD6FUDWFKHFOLTXHHP&ULDUQD
EDUUDGHQDYHJDomR

6XJHUHVHDFULDomRGHXPDFRQWDGHXWLOL]DGRUSDUDJXDUGDUHSDUWLOKDUSURMHWRV
FULDGRV
3iJLQD
18
$PELHQWHGHSURJUDPDomR6FUDWFK
$RDEULURHGLWRUGR6FUDWFKRQOLQHGHSDUDPRQRVFRPRDPELHQWHGHWUDEDOKRLOXVWUDGRQD
ILJXUDVHJXLQWH
3DOHWDGHEORFRV ÉUHDGHJXL}HV
2VEORFRVVmRDUUDVWDGRVH 3DOFR
%ORFRVSDUD
HQFDL[DGRVQHVWDiUHDSDUD /RFDORQGHVH
SURJUDPDomRGDV
SURJUDPDUFRQVWUXLURVJXL}HV GHVHQURODDDomR
Do}HVGRVDWRUHV
ඹ ය ර ඼ ල ඾ ඿ ව ශ

༗ ༘ ༙ ༚

0RFKLOD
&HQiULRV
3HUPLWHJXDUGDUFySLDVGHJXL}HVHDWRUHV /LVWDGHDWRUHV &ULDomRHGHILQLomR
SDUDXWLOL]DomRQRPHVPRSURMHWRRXHP /LVWDGRVDWRUHVTXH GRVFHQiULRVGR
SURMHWRVGLIHUHQWHV SDUWLFLSDPQRSURMHWR SURMHWR
ඹ 3DUDGHILQLURLGLRPDGRDPELHQWHGH ඿ 3DUDYHUHFRQILJXUDUDSiJLQDGRSURMHWR
SURJUDPDomR
ය 3HUPLWHFULDUXPQRYRSURMHWRJXDUGDUQD ව $FHGHDRJHVWRUGHSURMHWRVDVVRFLDGRDR
SODWDIRUPDFDUUHJDUHGHVFDUUHJDUXP XWLOL]DGRU
SURMHWRGRHSDUDRGLVSRVLWLYR
ර 3RVVLELOLWDUHFXSHUDUDWRUHVFHQiULRVWUDMHV ශ 3HUPLWHDWXDOL]DURSHUILOGRXWLOL]DGRU
RXVRQVDSDJDGRVUHFHQWHPHQWHDVVLPFRPR DFHGHUDRVSURMHWRVFRQILJXUDUDFRQWDH
DFHOHUDUDH[HFXomRGRFyGLJRHOLPLQDQGRDV VDLUGDFRQWD
SDXVDVFXUWDVHQWUHRVEORFRVTXHDWXDOL]DP ༗ 6HSDUDGRUHV&yGLJR7UDMHV&HQiULRVH
RSDOFRSRUPHLRGR0RGR7XUER 6RQVSDUDSURJUDPDURVDWRUHVHRV
FHQiULRVVHOHFLRQDGRV
඼ $FHGHDRVWXWRULDLVGR6FUDWFK ༘ ([HFXWDRSURJUDPD
7HUPLQDDH[HFXomRGRSURJUDPD
ල 1RPHGRSURMHWR ༙ 3HUPLWHDOWHUDURPRGRGHDSUHVHQWDomRGR
MX7 © Porto Editora

SURMHWR
඾ 3DUWLOKDRSURMHWRFRPDFRPXQLGDGH ༚ &RORFDRSDOFRHPHFUmFRPSOHWR
6FUDWFKHSRVVLELOLWDFRSLDUXPDOLJDomR
SDUDRSURMHWR

3iJLQD
19
$WRUHV
1R6FUDWFKTXDOTXHUREMHWRTXHDWXDQRSDOFRpGHVLJQDGRSRUDWRU$
FDGDDWRUpDWULEXtGRXPJXLmRSURJUDPDGRQDiUHDGHJXL}HV2DWRU
SUHGHILQLGRGHXPQRYRSURMHWRpR&DW

MX7 © Porto Editora


&RQWXGRpSRVVtYHOHVFROKHURXWURVDWRUHVSDUDDOLVWDGHDWRUHV
HOLPLQDUDWRUHVGHILQLUSURSULHGDGHVFRPRRQRPHDGLUHomRSRVLomRHYLVLELOLGDGH

0RVWUD?2FXOWDD 3HUPLWHDOWHUDUR ,QGLFDDVFRRUGHQDGDV


LPDJHPGRDWRU QRPHGRDWRU GDSRVLomRGRDWRUQR
QRSDOFR SDOFR

$OWHUDDGLUHomR
GRDWRU

,PSHGHTXHD
LPDJHPGRDWRU
URGH

3HUPLWHD /LPLWDDRULHQWDomRGD
LPDJHPGRDWRU LPDJHPGRDWRUSDUDD
URGDUž HVTXHUGDRXSDUDD
GLUHLWD

3HUPLWHDGLFLRQDUXPQRYRDWRU
$PSOLDRXUHGX]D
LPDJHPGRDWRU
(OLPLQD 3DUDFDUUHJDUXP
RDWRU
DWRUGRGLVSRVLWLYR
(VFROKHXPDWRU
DOHDWRULDPHQWH
GDELEOLRWHFD
3DUDGHVHQKDUXPDWRU
3DUDHVFROKHU
XPDWRUGD
ELEOLRWHFD

$SRVLomRGRDWRUSRGHVHUDOWHUDGDQDiUHDGHDWRUHVRXVLPSOHVPHQWHDUUDVWDQGRRDWRU
SDUDDSRVLomRSUHWHQGLGDQRSDOFR

&OLFDQGRFRPRODGRGLUHLWRGRUDWRVREUHRDWRUQDiUHDGH
DWRUHVpSRVVtYHOGXSOLFDUGHVFDUUHJDU H[SRUWDU HUHPRYHUR
DWRU

3DUDDOpPGRVJXL}HVDXPDWRUSRGHDVVRFLDUVHGLIHUHQWHV
WUDMHVHVRQV2VWUDMHVVmRGLIHUHQWHVDVSHWRVTXHRVDWRUHV
SRGHPDSUHVHQWDUSDUDSRUH[HPSORVLPXODUPRYLPHQWR

3iJLQD
20
1DELEOLRWHFDGHDWRUHVGR6FUDWFKTXDQGRVHFRORFDRFXUVRU
VREUHXPDWRUSRGHREVHUYDUVHRVGLIHUHQWHVWUDMHV
DVVRFLDGRVDHVVHDWRU

4XHURVWUDMHVTXHURVVRQVSRGHPVHUDOWHUDGRVDWUDYpVGRVUHVSHWLYRVHGLWRUHVSRGHQGR
WDPEpPVHUDGLFLRQDGRVHFULDGRVQRYRVWUDMHVHVRQVFRPRLOXVWUDPDVVHJXLQWHVILJXUDV
MX7 © Porto Editora

3iJLQD
21
3DOFR
2SDOFRpRHVSDoRRQGHVHGHVHQURODWRGDDDomRGRSURMHWR1HVWHpSRVVtYHO
GHILQLUXPFHQiULRIXQGRRQGHRVDWRUHVLQWHUDJHPHQWUHVL7DOFRPRRVDWRUHV
RVFHQiULRVSRGHPVHUFDUUHJDGRVGDELEOLRWHFDGR6FUDWFKGHXPGLVSRVLWLYR

MX7 © Porto Editora


HVFROKLGRVDOHDWRULDPHQWHGDELEOLRWHFDGR6FUDWFKRXFULDGRVHGLWDGRVDSDUWLU
GRHGLWRUGHFHQiULRVGLVSRQtYHOQRVHSDUDGRU&HQiULR
2SDOFRWHPSt[HLVGHFRPSULPHQWRH
St[HLVGHODUJXUD$SRVLomRGRVDWRUHV
QRSDOFRpGHWHUPLQDGDSRUXPUHIHUHQFLDO
FDUWHVLDQRGHRULJHPQRFHQWURGRSDOFR

8PSDOFRSRGHWHUGLIHUHQWHVFHQiULRV
HDFDGDFHQiULRSRGHPVHUDVVRFLDGRV
JXL}HVHVRQV

3DOHWDGHEORFRV
2VEORFRVGR6FUDWFKHVWmRRUJDQL]DGRVSRUFRUHVHHPGLIHUHQWHVFDWHJRULDV0RYLPHQWR
$SDUrQFLD6RP(YHQWRV&RQWUROR6HQVRUHV2SHUDGRUHV9DULiYHLV2V0HXV%ORFRV

'HILQHDVDo}HVGHPRYLPHQWRGRDWRUQRSODFR
2VFHQiULRVQmRWrPEORFRVGHPRYLPHQWR

$OWHUD D DSDUrQFLD GRV DWRUHV H GRV FHQiULRV $OWHUD RV


WUDMHVGRDWRUHSURGX]HIHLWRVJUiILFRV

$VVRFLDVRQVDRVDWRUHVHDRVFHQiULRV

([HFXWD Do}HV D SDUWLU GH LQWHUDo}HV HQWUH REMHWRV RX


DWUDYpV GH LQWHUDo}HV GR XWLOL]DGRU SRU H[HPSOR
SUHVVLRQDUXPDWHFODRXFOLFDUQXPREMHWR

&RQWUROD D H[HFXomR GH Do}HV RX LPSOHPHQWDP


UHSHWLo}HVGHDo}HV

&RQWURODP DV LQWHUDo}HV HQWUH DWRUHV R SDOFR H R


XWLOL]DGRU

,PSOHPHQWD RSHUDo}HV DULWPpWLFDV OyJLFDV RSHUDo}HV


HQWUHFDGHLDVGHWH[WRHIXQo}HVPDWHPiWLFDV

'HILQHDVYDULiYHLVHDVOLVWDVDVVLPFRPRJHUHRDFHVVR
jVPHVPDV

3HUPLWHFULDUQRYRVEORFRV SDUDXP DWRURXXPFHQiULR


SRUIRUPDDDXWRPDWL]DUXPDVHTXrQFLDGHDo}HV

([WHQVmR GR 6FUDWFK SDUD R DWRU GHVHQKDU QR SDOFR GH


DFRUGRFRPDVXDORFDOL]DomR

3iJLQD
22
%ORFRVGR6FUDWFK
3DUDVDEHUDDomRGHFDGDEORFRSRGHFOLFDUVHQREORFRHREVHUYDUDDomR
QR SDOFR 3RU H[HPSOR FOLFDQGR HP  GD FDWHJRULD
$SDUrQFLDR6FUDWFKDSUHVHQWDDIDODGRDWRUQRSDOFRGXUDQWHVHJXQGRV 

$OJXQVEORFRVWrPFDL[DVGHHQWUDGDSDUDLQWURGX]LUXPYDORUQXPpULFRXP
WH[WRRXHQFDL[DURXWUREORFRFRPDPHVPDIRUPDඹ2XWURVEORFRVUHVWULQJHPDHQWUDGDj
HVFROKDGHXPYDORUGHXPDOLVWDය1DILJXUDVHJXLQWHSRGHREVHUYDUVHRVGLIHUHQWHVWLSRV
GHHQWUDGDVGRVEORFRV



7LSRGHEORFRV
2 6FUDWFK WHP TXDWUR WLSRV GH EORFRV EORFRV GH FRPDQGR EORFRV GH FRQWUROR EORFRV GH
IXQomRHEORFRVWULJJHU
7rPHQFDL[HVQRWRSRHQR
%ORFRVGH ([HFXWDPXPD
IXQGR
FRPDQGR DomRLQVWUXomR
7rPHQWUDGDVSDUDEORFRV
GHIXQomRQRFDVRGRV
3HUPLWHPFRQWURODUDV
EORFRVGHFRPDQGRH
Do}HVSRUPHLRGH
WDPEpPHQWUDGDVSDUD
FRQGLo}HVHUHSHWLU
%ORFRVGH EORFRVGHFRPDQGRHGH
SURFHGLPHQWRVXP
FRQWUROR FRQWURORQRFDVRGRV
GHWHUPLQDGRQ~PHURGH
EORFRVGHFRQWUROR
YH]HVRXDWpTXHXPD
(VWHVEORFRVVmR
FRQGLomRVHMDVDWLVIHLWD
HPSLOKDGRVHQWUHVL
'HYROYHPQ~PHURV 6mRHQWUDGDVSDUDRV
%ORFRVGH FDGHLDVGHWH[WRRXOLVWDV EORFRVGHFRPDQGRRXGH
IXQomR 'HYROYHPYDORUHV FRQWURORFRPHQFDL[HVFRP
ERROHDQRV7UXHRX)DOVH DPHVPDIRUPD
2WRSRpDUUHGRQGDGRH
,QLFLDPDH[HFXomRGHXPD
GHVWLQDPVHDVHUHP
VHTXrQFLDGHEORFRVDVL
%ORFRVWULJJHU FRORFDGRVQRWRSRGRV
HQFDL[DGRVDSDUWLUGHXP
JXL}HVVHTXrQFLDGH
HYHQWR
EORFRV
MX7 © Porto Editora

3iJLQD
23
ÉUHDGHJXL}HV
3DUDFULDURVJXL}HVGRVDWRUHVpQHFHVViULRDUUDVWDURVEORFRVGRVHSDUDGRU&yGLJRSDUDD
iUHDGHJXL}HVHHQFDL[iORVQDVHTXrQFLDSUHWHQGLGD

MX7 © Porto Editora


(QFDL[HGHVHQFDL[HHHOLPLQDomRGHEORFRV
4XDQGR XP EORFR GH FRPDQGR RX GH FRQWUROR p DUUDVWDGR SDUD D iUHD GH JXL}HV H p
DSUR[LPDGRGHXP RXWUR EORFRSDUD HQFDL[H VXUJHXP VRPEUHDGRFLQ]HQWR LQGLFDGRU GH
TXHRHQFDL[HpSRVVtYHOHGHTXHVHSRGH´ODUJDUµREORFR

$UUDVWDU

,QGLFDGRUGHTXHVH
SRGHODUJDUREORFR
SDUDHQFDL[DU

1RFDVRGRVEORFRVGHIXQomRRLQGLFDGRUGHHQFDL[HpDVVLQDODGRSRUXPDERUGDEUDQFD
ඹ

$UUDVWDU

$VHTXrQFLDGHEORFRVSRGHVHUWHVWDGDQRGHFRUUHUGDFRQVWUXomRGRJXLmRFOLFDQGRVREUH
DVHTXrQFLDGRVEORFRVHQFDL[DGRV

3DUDGHVHQFDL[DURVEORFRVEDVWDDUUDVWiORVSDUDIRUDGRORFDOGHHQFDL[H3DUDHOLPLQDU
XPEORFRRXFRQMXQWRGHEORFRVHQFDL[DGRVDUUDVWDVHSDUDDiUHDGDSDOHWDGHEORFRVRX
FOLFDVHFRPRODGRGLUHLWRGRUDWRVREUHRVEORFRVHVHOHFLRQDVHDRSomR5HPRYHU%ORFR

2~OWLPRSURFHGLPHQWRSHUPLWHDLQGD'XSOLFDUXPEORFRRXXP$GLFLRQDU&RPHQWiULR
3iJLQD
24
$EULUJXDUGDUHHOLPLQDUSURMHWRV
2VSURMHWRV6FUDWFKSRGHPVHUDEHUWRVDSDUWLUGHGLVSRVLWLYRඹRXDSDUWLUGDSODWDIRUPD
6FUDWFKය

3DUDDEULUXPSURMHWRJXDUGDGRQDiUHDGHXWLOL]DGRUGDSODWDIRUPDGHYHFOLFDUHP9HUSRU
GHQWUR ර͕HSDUDHOLPLQDUGHYHFOLFDUHP5HPRYHU ඼


2VSURMHWRVFULDGRVRQOLQHSRUPHLRGDSODWDIRUPDVmRJXDUGDGRVDXWRPDWLFDPHQWHQDiUHD
GHXWLOL]DGRU&RQWXGRKiDSRVVLELOLGDGHGHRVJXDUGDUQRFRPSXWDGRUVHOHFLRQDQGRD
RSomRFRUUHVSRQGHQWHGRPHQX$UTXLYR

3DUWLOKDUXPSURMHWR
3DUDSDUWLOKDUXPSURMHWRQDFRPXQLGDGH6FUDWFKGHYHFRPHoDUSRUDEULURSURMHWRHFOLFDU
HP3DUWLOKDUQDEDUUDGHIHUUDPHQWDV

6XJHUHVHTXHGHVFUHYDRSURMHWRFRPRVHXVDHFRPRIH]GHPRGRDIRPHQWDUD
DSUHQGL]DJHPSHODH[SORUDomRHSDUWLOKDGHLGHLDV
3DUDSXEOLFDUXPDOLJDomRGRSURMHWRRXLQFRUSRUDURSURMHWRQXPDSiJLQDZHEQD3iJLQD
MX7 © Porto Editora

GR3URMHWRFOLTXHQRERWmR&RSLDU/LJDomR

3iJLQD
25
ඹ ය

MX7 © Porto Editora


ල ඾ ඿ ව

ඹ 1RPHGRSURMHWR ල 1~PHURGHSHVVRDVTXHJRVWDUDPGRSURMHWR
1~PHURGHSHVVRDVTXHPDUFDUDPRSURMHWRFRPR
ය $EUHRSURMHWRQRHGLWRU6FUDWFK ඾ IDYRULWR

1~PHURGHFySLDVGRSURMHWRSDUDEDVHGHQRYRV
ර ,QLFLDHWHUPLQDRSURJUDPD ඿ SURMHWRV

඼ 3DOFR ව 7RWDOGHYLVXDOL]Do}HV

$FHGHQGRjJHVWmRGHSURMHWRVGDiUHDGHXWLOL]DGRUSRGHFRQVXOWDUDVHVWDWtVWLFDV
UHODWLYDVjSDUWLOKDඹDVVLPFRPRSDUDUDSDUWLOKDය

4XDOTXHUSURMHWRSDUWLOKDGRQDFRPXQLGDGH6FUDWFKSRGHVHUFRSLDGRSDUDDiUHDGH
XWLOL]DGRUHUHHGLWDGR

3iJLQD
26
$GLFLRQDUQ~PHURVLQWHLURVHGHFLPDLV
YDULiYHLVRSHUDGRUHVDULWPpWLFRVHMXQomRGHWH[WR 

9DPRVFULDUXPSURJUDPDVLPSOHVSDUD
DGLFLRQDUGRLVQ~PHURVLQWHLURVRXGHFLPDLV
LQWURGX]LGRVSHORXWLOL]DGRU

2VQ~PHURVLQWURGX]LGRVWHUmRGHVHU
JXDUGDGRVQXPHVSDoRGHPHPyULDSDUDVHUHP
DFHGLGRVSHORSURJUDPDHGHVVDIRUPDID]HUD
VRPD2DFHVVRDRVQ~PHURVLQWURGX]LGRVp
UHDOL]DGRSHORVHOHPHQWRVGRSURJUDPD
FKDPDGRVYDULiYHLV

(VFROKDXPDWRUHVLJDRVVHJXLQWHVSURFHGLPHQWRV

 &ULDUGXDVYDULiYHLV1~PHURH1~PHUR
$FHGDDRVHSDUDGRU&yGLJRඹHQDFDWHJRULD9DULiYHLVයFULHXPDYDULiYHOHP&ULDUXPD
9DULiYHO ර$WULEXDRQRPHjYDULiYHO1~PHURHP(VFUHYHURQRPHGDYDULiYHO ඼HHVFROKD
DRSomR3DUDWRGRVRVDFWRUHV ලǤ8WLOL]HRPHVPRSURFHGLPHQWRSDUDFULDUDYDULiYHO1~PHUR

඾ ල


3RUGHIHLWRDVYDULiYHLVVmRDSUHVHQWDGDVQRSDOFR&RQWXGR
HVWDVSRGHPVHURFXOWDGDVPRVWUDGDVDWUDYpVGDVFDL[DVGH
VHOHomRFRUUHVSRQGHQWHV඾eSRVVtYHOGHILQLUWUrVHVWLORVGH
MX7 © Porto Editora

DSUHVHQWDomRGDVYDULiYHLVQRSDOFRYLVRUQRUPDO ඿YLVRU
JUDQGHව HGHVOL]DGRU ශ2VHVWLORVSRGHPVHUDOWHUDGRV
FRPXPGXSORFOLTXHVREUHRYLVRURXDWUDYpVGRPHQXGH
FRQWH[WRFOLFDQGRQRYLVRUFRPRODGRGLUHLWRGRUDWR
3iJLQD
27
2HVWLORGHVOL]DGRUSHUPLWHDOWHUDURYDORUGDYDULiYHOSDUDQ~PHURVLQWHLURVPRYHQGRR
SRQWRGRGHVOL]DGRU2YDORUPtQLPRHRYDORUPi[LPRGRGHVOL]DGRUSRGHPVHUUHGHILQLGRV
DWUDYpVGDRSomRDOWHUDUJDPDGHYDORUHVGRGHVOL]DGRUGRPHQXGHFRQWH[WRFOLFDQGRQR
YLVRUFRPRODGRGLUHLWRGRUDWR

MX7 © Porto Editora


$VFDL[DVSRGHPDLQGDVHUPRYLGDVSDUDGLIHUHQWHV
SRVLo}HVGRSDOFR
1RQRVVRSURJUDPDYDPRVRSWDUSRUPDQWHURVQ~PHURV
YLVtYHLVQRSDOFRSRUPHLRGR9LVRUQRUPDOFRORFDQGRRV
YLVRUHVODGRDODGRFRPRLOXVWUDDILJXUDDRODGR

3DUDUHQRPHDURXUHPRYHUXPDYDULiYHOFOLTXHQREORFRGDYDULiYHOFRPRODGRGLUHLWR
GRUDWRHQRPHQXGHFRQWH[WRHVFROKDDRSomRSUHWHQGLGD

 6ROLFLWDURVQ~PHURVDRXWLOL]DGRUHHVSHUDUSHODUHVSRVWD
$FHGDDRVHSDUDGRU&yGLJR ඹHGDFDWHJRULD6HQVRUHV යDUUDVWHRVEORFRV ර SDUDDiUHDGH
JXL}HV(VFUHYDDVSHUJXQWDVDVROLFLWDURVYDORUHVQDHQWUDGDGRVEORFRV ඼


2VYDORUHVLQWURGX]LGRVVmRDFHGLGRVSRUPHLRGREORFRDUHVSRVWD ලǡ TXHIXQFLRQDFRPRXPD
YDULiYHOWHPSRUiULD

3iJLQD
28
 $OWHUDURVYDORUHVGDVYDULiYHLV1~PHURH1~PHURSDUDRVQ~PHURVLQWURGX]LGRV
$FHGDDRVHSDUDGRU &yGLJR ඹHGDFDWHJRULD9DULiYHLV යDUUDVWHRVEORFRVDOWHUD«SDUD« රH
HQFDL[HRVQRVEORFRVFRUUHVSRQGHQWHVFRPSHUJXQWD ඼6HOHFLRQHDYDULiYHORQGHVHUiJXDUGDGRR
YDORULQWURGX]LGRලǡDFHGLGRSRUPHLRGREORFRDUHVSRVWDGDFDWHJRULD6HQVRUHV ඾Ǥ

඼ ඾

ර ඼ ඾

 (IHWXDUDDGLomR
$FHGDjFDWHJRULD2SHUDGRUHV යHDUUDVWHREORFRGDDGLomRයSDUDDiUHDGHJXL}HV(QFDL[HQDV
HQWUDGDVGHVWHEORFRDVYDULiYHLV1~PHURH1~PHURරǤ

ඹ ර

 3UHSDUDUDUHVSRVWDMXQWDQGRRWH[WR$VRPDpFRPRYDORUGDVRPD
$FHGDjFDWHJRULD2SHUDGRUHVඹHDUUDVWHREORFRMXQomRGH«FRP« යSDUDDiUHDGHJXL}HV
(VFUHYDQDSULPHLUDHQWUDGDර $VRPDpFRPXPHVSDoRGHSRLVGRpHHQFDL[HQDVHJXQGD
HQWUDGD඼REORFRFRPVRPDǤ



ර ඼
MX7 © Porto Editora

3iJLQD
29
 $SUHVHQWDUDUHVSRVWDQRSDOFRSRUPHLRGHXPDIDODGRDWRU
$FHGDjFDWHJRULD$SDUrQFLD ඹDUUDVWHREORFRGL]«GXUDQWH«V ය SDUDDiUHDGHJXL}HVH
HQFDL[HRQREORFRDOWHUD1~PHURSDUDDUHVSRVWDර1DSULPHLUDHQWUDGDHQFDL[HREORFRFRPD

MX7 © Porto Editora


IDODGRDWRU඼Ǥ1DVHJXQGDHQWUDGDලFRORTXHSDUDDIDODVHUH[LELGDGXUDQWHVHJXQGRV

ඹ ය

඼ ල

 $GLFLRQDUXPHYHQWRSDUDLQLFLDUDVDo}HV

'DFDWHJRULD(YHQWRV ඹDUUDVWHREORFR4XDQGRDOJXpPFOLFDUHP ය HHQFDL[HRQRWRSRGRV


EORFRVර TXHVHHQFRQWUDPQDiUHDGHJXL}HV


3iJLQD
30
'HVHQKDUXPSROtJRQR PRYLPHQWRGHVHQKRHVWUXWXUDVGHUHSHWLomR
8PDWRUSRGHPRYLPHQWDUVHQRSDOFRSRUPHLRGHXPUHIHUHQFLDOFDUWHVLDQRFRPD
RULJHPQRFHQWURGRSDOFR PRYLPHQWRDEVROXWR RXSRUPHLRGHPRYLPHQWRVUHODWLYRVj
SRVLomRHPTXHVHHQFRQWUDDQGDQGRXPGHWHUPLQDGRQ~PHURGHSDVVRVHDOWHUDQGRD
VXDGLUHomR PRYLPHQWRUHODWLYR 

0RYLPHQWRDEVROXWR 0RYLPHQWRUHODWLYR

3DUDRDWRUGHVHQKDUQRSDOFRpQHFHVViULRDGLFLRQDUDH[WHQVmR&DQHWD

&RPHVWDH[WHQVmRSRGHDSDJDUVHWRGRVRVGHVHQKRVGRSDOFREDL[DUH
OHYDQWDUDFDQHWDDOWHUDUDFRUGDFDQHWDDVVLPFRPRDVXDHVSHVVXUD3RU
GHIHLWRDFDQHWDHQFRQWUDVHQRFHQWURGDLPDJHPGRDWRU5HFRUUHQGRDR
HGLWRUGH7UDMHVpSRVVtYHODMXVWDUDSRVLomRGDFDQHWD

3DUDH[HPSOLILFDUYDPRVGHVHQKDUXPWULkQJXORHTXLOiWHURWDOTXH

x RVODGRVWHQKDPFRUHVGLIHUHQWHV
x DPHGLGDGHFRPSULPHQWRGRVODGRVVHMDGHILQLGDDWUDYpVGHXPGHVOL]DGRU
x RDWRULQLFLHRGHVHQKRQDSRVLomR  RULHQWDGRSDUDDGLUHLWD
x RDWRUYiSDUDDSRVLomR ² TXDQGRWHUPLQDURGHVHQKR
x RSDOFRVHMDDSDJDGRVHPSUHTXHVHLQLFLHXPQRYRGHVHQKR

(OLPLQHRDWRU&DWHHVFROKDRDWRU3HQFLOGDELEOLRWHFDGHDWRUHVGR6FUDWFK$OWHUHR
WDPDQKRGRDWRUSDUDHVLJDRVVHJXLQWHVSURFHGLPHQWRV
MX7 © Porto Editora

3iJLQD
31
 $OWHUDUDSRVLomRGDFDQHWDSDUDDSRQWDGROiSLVUHODWLYRDRDWRU3HQFLO
6HOHFLRQHRDWRUඹHQRVHSDUDGRU7UDMHV යVHOHFLRQHRWUDMHSHQFLOD ර(VFROKDD
IHUUDPHQWDGHVHOHomR඼HVHOHFLRQHSRUDUUDVWDPHQWRROiSLVGD]RQDGHHGLomRල
'HVORTXHROiSLVFOLFDQGRHP඾ HDUUDVWDQGRDLPDJHPGHPRGRTXHDSRQWDGR

MX7 © Porto Editora


OiSLVFRLQFLGDFRPRFHQWURGD]RQDGHHGLomR඿


 &ULDUDYDULiYHO/DGRHDOWHUDUDDSUHVHQWDomRGDYDULiYHOSDUDRHVWLORGHVOL]DGRUFRP
YDORUHVHQWUHH
$FHGDjFDWHJRULD9DULiYHLV ඹHFULHය DYDULiYHO/DGR ර$OWHUHDDSUHVHQWDomRGDYDULiYHO
SDUD GHVOL]DGRU ඼HFRQILJXUHRLQWHUYDORGHYDORUHVGRGHVOL]DGRU ලǤ

3iJLQD
32
 $UUDVWDUSDUDDiUHDGHJXL}HVRVEORFRVGHFRPDQGRSDUDOLPSDURSDOFREDL[DUH
OHYDQWDUDFDQHWDHDOWHUDUDFRUGDFDQHWDSRUDGLomRGHXPYDORU
$FHGDjFDWHJRULD&DQHWD ඹHDUUDVWHSDUDDiUHDGHJXL}HVRVEORFRVSDUDDSDJDURSDOFRය
EDL[DUDFDQHWDරOHYDQWDUDFDQHWD඼DOWHUDUDFRUලHDGLFLRQDUXPYDORUDR0DWL] ඾
(VFROKDXPDFRULQLFLDOSDUDDFDQHWD඿HDOWHUHRYDORUDDGLFLRQDUDR0DWL]SDUDව

඿ ව

 'HILQLUSDUDRDWRUDSRVLomR  HRULHQWDomRLQLFLDOGHž SDUDDGLUHLWD 3UHSDUDUR


DWRUSDUDGHVHQKDU
$FHGDDRVHSDUDGRU0RYLPHQWR ඹHDUUDVWHSDUDDiUHDGHJXL}HVREORFRYiSDUDDSRVLomR[«
\« යǤ(VFUHYDQDVHQWUDGDV ර$UUDVWHREORFRDOWHUDDWXDGLUHomRSDUD« ඼SDUDDOWHUDUD
GLUHomRLQLFLDOGRDWRUHHVFUHYDQDHQWUDGDͻͲι ල(QFDL[HRVEORFRVGHIRUPDVHTXHQFLDOSDUD
DSDJDUWXGRGRSDOFRSRVLFLRQDURDWRUQRFHQWURGRSDOFRDOWHUDUDGLUHomRGRDWRUDOWHUDUDFRU
GDFDQHWDHEDL[DUDFDQHWD



MX7 © Porto Editora



3iJLQD
33
[MX7MXONP-3
 'HVHQKDUXPODGRGRWULkQJXORURGDURDWRUͳʹͲι RkQJXORGHURWDomRpVXSOHPHQWDUDR
kQJXORLQWHUQRGRWULkQJXOR HPXGDUGHFRUGDFDQHWDDGLFLRQDQGRRYDORUDR0DWL]
$FHGDjFDWHJRULD0RYLPHQWRඹHDUUDVWHSDUDDiUHDGHJXL}HVREORFRDQGD«SDVVRVයSDUD
DQGDURQ~PHURGHSDVVRVLQGLFDGRSHODYDULiYHO/DGRǤ(QFDL[HREORFRFRPDYDULiYHO/DGRQDVXD

MX7 © Porto Editora


HQWUDGD ර(QFDL[HQREORFRDQWHULRUREORFRJLUD «඼SDUDRDWRUURGDUQRVHQWLGRFRQWUiULR
DRGRVSRQWHLURVGRUHOyJLR(VFUHYDQDHQWUDGDͳʹͲι ල(QFDL[HREORFRDGLFLRQDDRPDWL]GDWXD
FDQHWDRYDORU« ඾SDUDDGLFLRQDUDRPDWL]GDFDQHWD



 'HVHQKDURVWUrVODGRVFRPDPHVPDVHTXrQFLDGHEORFRVXVDQGRXPDHVWUXWXUDGH
UHSHWLomR
$UUDVWHGDFDWHJRULD&RQWURORඹREORFRGHFRQWURORUHSHWH«YH]HVයSDUDUHSHWLUXP
FRQMXQWRGHDo}HVXPGHWHUPLQDGRQ~PHURGHYH]HV$OWHUHDHQWUDGDGREORFRSDUDරSDUD
GHVHQKDURVWUrVODGRVGRWULkQJXOR(QFDL[HQREORFRGHFRQWURORDVHTXrQFLDGHEORFRVTXH
GHVHQKDFDGDODGRGRWULkQJXOR඼(QFDL[HREORFRGHFRQWURORQREORFRTXHEDL[DDFDQHWDල



3iJLQD
34
$VHVWUXWXUDVGHUHSHWLomRSHUPLWHPH[HFXWDUXPFRQMXQWRGHLQVWUXo}HVSDUDVHPSUHXP
Q~PHURGHWHUPLQDGRGHYH]HVRXDWpTXHVHMDVDWLVIHLWDXPDFRQGLomR

 'HVOL]DURDWRUGXUDQWHVHJXQGRDWpjSRVLomRILQDO ² 


$FHGDjFDWHJRULD0RYLPHQWRඹHHQFDL[HREORFRGHVOL]DHP«VSDUDDSRVLomR[«\«ය
SDUDGHVOL]DUSDUDXPDGDGDSRVLomRGXUDQWHVHJXQGRQREORFROHYDQWDDWXDFDQHWD ර GD
FDWHJRULD&DQHWD(VFUHYDQDVHJXQGDHQWUDGDGREORFRSDUDGHVOL]DURQ~PHUR²HQD
WHUFHLUDHQWUDGDQ~PHUR඼(QFDL[HHVWHVEORFRVQREORFRGHFRQWURORල




 $GLFLRQDUXPHYHQWRSDUDLQLFLDURSURJUDPD
'DFDWHJRULD(YHQWRVDUUDVWHREORFR4XDQGRDOJXpPFOLFDUHP HHQFDL[HRQRWRSRGRV
EORFRVTXHVHHQFRQWUDPQDiUHDGHJXL}HV
MX7 © Porto Editora

3iJLQD
35
&ODVVLILFDUXPDVHPHOKDQoD
RSHUDGRUHVUHODFLRQDLVRSHUDGRUHVOyJLFRVHHVWUXWXUDVGHGHFLVmR 

$VFRPSDUDo}HVQR6FUDWFKVmRHIHWXDGDVDWUDYpVGRVEORFRVGHIXQomRFRPDIRUPD
KH[DJRQDOGDFDWHJRULD2SHUDGRUHV(VWHVEORFRVSHUPLWHPFRPSDUDUYDULiYHLVQXPpULFDV

MX7 © Porto Editora


RXH[SUHVV}HVDVVLPFRPRFDUDFWHUHVHFDGHLDVGHFDUDFWHUHVVWULQJVHGHYROYHPXP
YDORUERROHDQRYHUGDGHLURRXIDOVR

2SHUDGRUHVUHODFLRQDLV 2SHUDGRUHVOyJLFRV

2VRSHUDGRUHVUHODFLRQDLVHRVRSHUDGRUHVOyJLFRVSHUPLWHPQRVGHILQLUFRQGLo}HVSDUDD
WRPDGDGHGHFLV}HVVREUHDVDo}HVQRSURJUDPDGHDFRUGRFRPDYHUDFLGDGHRXQmRGDV
FRQGLo}HV3DUDHVWHILPR6FUDWFKGLVSRQLELOL]DGRLVEORFRVGHFRQWURORREORFRVHHQWmR
HREORFRVHHQWmRVHQmR

1REORFRVHHQWmRVHDFRQGLomRඹ IRUYHUGDGHLUDRSURJUDPDH[HFXWDDo}HVOLVWDGDVQR
VHXLQWHULRUය DQWHVGHSDVVDUSDUDREORFRVHJXLQWH&DVRDFRQGLomRVHMDIDOVDR
SURJUDPDH[HFXWDDVDo}HVGREORFRVHJXLQWH
1REORFRVHHQWmRVHQmRVHDFRQGLomRIRUYHUGDGHLUDRSURJUDPDH[HFXWDDVDo}HV
OLVWDGDVDVHJXLUDHQWmR&DVRDFRQGLomRVHMDIDOVDRSURJUDPDH[HFXWDDVDo}HVOLVWDGDV
DVHJXLUDVHQmR

3DUDXPPHOKRUHQWHQGLPHQWRYDPRVFULDUXPSURJUDPDTXHFODVVLILTXHXPDVHPHOKDQoD
VHQGRGDGDVDVPHGLGDVGHFRPSULPHQWRGRVVHJPHQWRVGHUHWDFRUUHVSRQGHQWHVGH
ILJXUDVVHPHOKDQWHV

(VFROKDRDWRUHVLJDRVVHJXLQWHVSDVVRV

 &ULDUDVYDULiYHLV2ULJLQDO,PDJHPH5D]mRSDUDJXDUGDURVYDORUHVGDPHGLGDGH
FRPSULPHQWRGRVHJPHQWRGHUHWDRULJLQDODPHGLGDGHFRPSULPHQWRGRVHJPHQWRGH
UHWDLPDJHPHDUD]mRGHVHPHOKDQoDUHVSHWLYDPHQWH
$FHGDjFDWHJRULD9DULiYHLVFULHDVYDULiYHLV2ULJLQDO,PDJHPH5D]mR2FXOWHRVYLVRUHVGDV
YDULiYHLVQRSDOFR

3iJLQD
36
 6ROLFLWDUDLQWURGXomRGDVPHGLGDVGHFRPSULPHQWRHJXDUGiODVQDVUHVSHWLYDV
YDULiYHLV
$UUDVWHHHQFDL[HRVEORFRVFRUUHVSRQGHQWHVGDFDWHJRULD6HQVRUHVඹH9DULiYHLVය1D
HQWUDGDGRSULPHLUREORFRSHUJXQWDHVFUHYD0HGLGDGHFRPSULPHQWRGDILJXUDRULJLQDO"HQD
HQWUDGDGRVHJXQGREORFR0HGLGDGHFRPSULPHQWRGDILJXUDLPDJHP"

 'HWHUPLQDUDUD]mRGHVHPHOKDQoDHJXDUGiODQDYDULiYHO5D]mR
$UUDVWHGDFDWHJRULD9DULiYHLVREORFRSDUDDOWHUDUDYDULiYHO5D]mRHHQFDL[HRQR~OWLPREORFR
GRSRQWRDQWHULRU(QFDL[HREORFRGDGLYLVmRGDFDWHJRULD2SHUDGRUHVQREORFRDQWHULRU(QFDL[H
RVEORFRVGDVYDULiYHLV,PDJHPH2ULJLQDOGDFDWHJRULD9DULiYHLVQREORFRGDGLYLVmR

 'HILQLUDHVWUXWXUDGHGHFLVmRSDUDFODVVLILFDUDVHPHOKDQoDHDSUHVHQWDUDIDODGRDWRU
FRPDFODVVLILFDomR
$UUDVWHHHQFDL[HRVEORFRVGDFDWHJRULD&RQWUROR2SHUDGRUHV9DULiYHLVH$SDUrQFLDGHDFRUGR
FRPDILJXUDDEDL[R

6HͲ ൏ ܴܽ‫ ݋ ݖ‬൏ ͳ ඹ HQWmR
´5HGXomRGHUD]mRµܴܽ‫ ݋ ݖ‬ය
6HQmR
6Hܴܽ‫ ݋ ݖ‬ൌ ͳ ර HQWmR ය

´$VILJXUDVVmRFRQJUXHQWHVµ඼
6HQmR

´$PSOLDomRGHUD]mRµܴܽ‫ ݋ ݖ‬ල

2EORFRDMXQomRGH«FRP«SHUPLWHMXQWDUWH[WRVHYDORUHVGHYDULiYHLVPDVGHYH
WHUVHRFXLGDGRGHGHL[DUHVSDoRVHPEUDQFRSDUDRVWH[WRVQmRILFDUHPFRODGRV
MX7 © Porto Editora

3iJLQD
37
 $GLFLRQDUXPHYHQWRSDUDLQLFLDURSURJUDPD
$UUDVWHHHQFDL[HREORFR4XDQGRDOJXpPFOLFDUHP GDFDWHJRULD(YHQWRVQRWRSRGRVEORFRV

MX7 © Porto Editora




'HWHUPLQDUWHUPRVFRQVHFXWLYRVGDGDXPDRUGHPLQLFLDOH
XPDRUGHPILQDO /LVWDVH2V0HXV%ORFRV
/LVWDV
8PDOLVWDpXPDHVWUXWXUDTXHSHUPLWHDUPD]HQDUHDFHGHUDYiULDVLQIRUPDo}HVVREUH
XPDHQWLGDGHGHXPDVyYH]eXPDYDULiYHOTXHFRQWpPRXWUDVYDULiYHLV

&ULDUXPDOLVWDQR6FUDWFKpFRPRFULDUXPDYDULiYHO&RPRLOXVWUDDILJXUDVHJXLQWHDFHGH
VHjFDWHJRULD9DULiYHLV ඹ͕FOLFDVHHP&ULDUXPD/LVWD යDWULEXLVHXPQRPHjOLVWDර
HGHILQHVHRDFHVVR඼RXSDUDWRGRVRVDWRUHVRXDSHQDVSDUDRDWRUVHOHFLRQDGR

ඹ ය

3iJLQD
38
26FUDWFKFULDXPDOLVWDYD]LDHGLVSRQLELOL]DXPFRQMXQWRGHEORFRVSDUDJHULUHDFHGHUDRV
HOHPHQWRV GD OLVWD 3RGH DGLFLRQDUVH QRYRV HOHPHQWRV QR ILQDO GD OLVWD LQVHULU HOHPHQWRV
QXPDSRVLomRHVSHFtILFDDSDJDUHOHPHQWRVHVSHFtILFRVREWHUXPHOHPHQWRGHXPDSRVLomR
DVVLPFRPRVXEVWLWXLUXPHOHPHQWRGDOLVWD
1RPHGDOLVWD$FDL[DGHVHOHomRSHUPLWHPRVWUDURX
RFXOWDUDOLVWDQRSDOFR

$GLFLRQDXPQRYRHOHPHQWRQRILQDOGDOLVWD

5HPRYHXPHOHPHQWRGHXPDSRVLomRHVSHFtILFD

5HPRYHWRGRVRVHOHPHQWRVGDOLVWD

,QVHUHXPHOHPHQWRQXPDSRVLomRHVSHFtILFD

6XEVWLWXLXPHOHPHQWRGHXPDSRVLomRHVSHFtILFD

'HYROYHRHOHPHQWRGDSRVLomRLQGLFDGD

'HYROYHDSRVLomRGHXPHOHPHQWRQDOLVWD

'HYROYHRQ~PHURGHHOHPHQWRVGDOLVWD

,QGLFDVHXPHOHPHQWRHVWiRXQmRQDOLVWD

0RVWUDDOLVWDQRSDOFR

2FXOWDDOLVWDQRSDOFR

$LQVHUomRHHOLPLQDomRGHHOHPHQWRVGDOLVWDSRGHVHUUHDOL]DGDSRUSURJUDPDomRRX
PDQXDOPHQWHDWUDYpVGRYLVRUGDOLVWDQRSDOFR
1RPHGDOLVWD

3RVLomRGR (OLPLQDRHOHPHQWRGDOLVWD
HOHPHQWRQDOLVWD

4XDQGRFOLFDGRSHUPLWH
HGLWDURHOHPHQWRGDOLVWD
3DUDVDLUFOLFDVHIRUDGR
YLVRURXSULPHVHDWHFOD
(QWHUFDVRVHSUHWHQGD
DGLFLRQDUXPDQRYDHQWUDGD

$GLFLRQDXPHOHPHQWRQRILP $UUDVWDQGRSHUPLWHDOWHUDUR
GDOLVWD WDPDQKRGRYLVRU

 ,QGLFDRQ~PHURGH
HOHPHQWRVGDOLVWD
MX7 © Porto Editora

3iJLQD
39
2V0HXV%ORFRV
&RPRREMHWLYRGHUHGX]LURWDPDQKRGRVJXL}HVHIDFLOLWDUDVXDOHLWXUDRXHYLWDUDUHSHWLomR
GHXPDVHTXrQFLDGHEORFRVSDUDH[HFXWDUXPDGDGDDomRR6FUDWFKSHUPLWHFULDUEORFRV
GHFRPDQGRDWUDYpVGDFDWHJRULD2V0HXV%ORFRV

MX7 © Porto Editora


3DUDH[HPSOLILFDUDFULDomRGHEORFRVHDXWLOL]DomRGHOLVWDVYDPRVFULDUXPSURJUDPDTXH
DSUHVHQWHDOLVWDGRVWHUPRVFRQVHFXWLYRVGHXPDVHTXrQFLDHQWUHGXDVRUGHQVFDOFXODGRV
DSDUWLUGRWHUPRJHUDOQ²
&RPRQmRQHFHVVLWDPRVGRDWRUYDPRVDVVRFLDURFyGLJRDRSDOFRVHOHFLRQDQGRDiUHD
GRVFHQiULRV

 &ULDUDVYDULiYHLV2UGHPLQLFLDO2UGHPILQDO2UGHP7HUPRHD/LVWDGHWHUPRV
2FXOWHRVYLVRUHVGDVYDULiYHLV2UGHPH7HUPRHGLVSRQKDRVUHVWDQWHVYLVRUHVFRPRVXJHUHD
ILJXUD

 &ULDUREORFR'DGRVLQLFLDLVSDUDLQLFLDOL]DUDVYDULiYHLV2UGHPLQLFLDO2UGHPILQDO
VROLFLWDUDRUGHPLQLFLDOHDRUGHPILQDODRXWLOL]DGRUDWpTXHDRUGHPLQLFLDOVHMDSRVLWLYD
HTXHDRUGHPILQDOVHMDPDLRURXLJXDOTXHDRUGHPLQLFLDO(VWHEORFRWDPEpPGHYHUi
JXDUGDURVYDORUHVLQWURGX]LGRVQDVUHVSHWLYDVYDULiYHLV

 &ULDUREORFR'DGRVLQLFLDLV
$FHGDjFDWHJRULD2V0HXV%ORFRV ඹHFOLTXHHP&ULDUXP%ORFRය'HVLJQHREORFR
SRU'DGRVLQLFLDLVරHVHPHQWUDGDV
eSRVVtYHOFULDUXPEORFRSDUDHQWUDGDVQXPpULFDGHWH[WRRXERROHDQDV඼SDUDRFDVR
GHKDYHUDQHFHVVLGDGHGHSDVVDJHPGHYDORUHVSDUDRQRYREORFR
3DUDHOLPLQDUXPDHWLTXHWDRXXPDHQWUDGDVHOHFLRQHDHFOLTXHQRtFRQH 
&DVRSUHWHQGDTXHXPEORFRDSUHVHQWHDSHQDVRUHVXOWDGRILQDOSDUDRTXDOIRLFULDGRDWLYH
D RSomR ([HFXWDU VHP DFWXDOL]DU R HFUm ල 3RU H[HPSOR QXP GHVHQKR HP TXH DSHQDV
SUHWHQGDRUHVXOWDGRILQDOHQmRRPRYLPHQWRGRDWRUSDUDGHVHQKDUDILJXUD

3iJLQD
40

3DUDHGLWDURXUHPRYHUXPEORFRFULDGRFOLTXHFRPRODGRGLUHLWRGRUDWRVREUHR
EORFRQDiUHDGHJXL}HVHVHOHFLRQHDRSomRSUHWHQGLGD

 ,QLFLDOL]DUDVYDULiYHLV2UGHPLQLFLDOH2UGHPILQDO
'D FDWHJRULD 9DULiYHLV DUUDVWH RV EORFRV GH FRPDQGR SDUD
DOWHUDUDVYDULiYHLV2UGHPLQLFLDOH2UGHPILQDOSDUDRYDORU
 QHFHVViULR SDUD YDOLGDU RV YDORUHV LQWURGX]LGRV SHOR
XWLOL]DGRU

 6ROLFLWDUDRUGHPLQLFLDODRXWLOL]DGRUDWpTXHRYDORU
LQWURGX]LGRVHMDSRVLWLYR
&RPRSUHWHQGHPRVTXHRSURJUDPDVROLFLWHDRXWLOL]DGRUXPYDORUSRVLWLYRDUUDVWHGD
FDWHJRULD&RQWURORREORFRDWpTXH«UHSHWHHHQFDL[HQHVWHREORFRFRPDFRQGLomR
2UGHPLQLFLDO!ඹ(QFDL[HREORFRGHFRQWUROR ඹ
QR~OWLPREORFRGDVHTXrQFLDDQWHULRU(QTXDQWRD
FRQGLomRQmRIRUVDWLVIHLWDRSURJUDPDVROLFLWDDR
XWLOL]DGRUDRUGHPLQLFLDOය$DOWHUDomRGD ය
YDULiYHO2UGHPLQLFLDOSDUDRYDORULQWURGX]LGRWHP

MX7 © Porto Editora

GHVHUHIHWXDGDGHQWURGREORFRGH&RQWUROR ර
SDUDTXHDFRQGLomRVHMDYHULILFDGDSDUDRYDORU
LQWURGX]LGR

3iJLQD
41
 6ROLFLWDUDRUGHPILQDODRXWLOL]DGRUDWpTXHRYDORULQWURGX]LGRVHMDPDLRURXLJXDO
jRUGHPLQLFLDO
8VDPRVRPHVPRSURFHGLPHQWRGRLWHPSDUDDYDULiYHO2UGHPILQDOFRPDFRQGLomR
2UGHPILQDO!2UGHPLQLFLDORX2UGHPILQDO 2UGHPLQLFLDO1DPRQWDJHPGDFRQGLomR
GHYHUiDUUDVWDUSULPHLURREORFRGDGLVMXQomRRX

MX7 © Porto Editora


 &ULDUXPEORFRSDUDFDOFXODURWHUPRGHXPDGDGDRUGHP
 &ULHXPQRYREORFRQDFDWHJRULD0HXV%ORFRVFRPRQRPH&DOFXODURWHUPRGHRUGHP ඹH
FRPXPDHQWUDGDQXPpULFDයSDUDDRUGHPQර$RDGLFLRQDUDHQWUDGDQHVWDILFD
GLVSRQtYHOQRFDEHoDOKRGREORFR

ඹ ර

 (QFDL[HREORFRSDUDDOWHUDUDYDULiYHO7HUPR ඹ
SDUDRWHUPRJHUDO૛ ൈ ࢕࢘ࢊࢋ࢓ െ ૜ ය3DUDGHILQLU ර
DH[SUHVVmRGHYHFRPHoDUSRUHQFDL[DUREORFRGD
VXEWUDomRGDFDWHJRULD2SHUDGRUHV2EORFRFRPD

YDULiYHOQpDUUDVWDGRGDHQWUDGDGREORFRFULDGR
HP&DOFXODURWHUPRGHRUGHP ර ය

3iJLQD
42
 ,QLFLDOL]DURSURJUDPDFRPDOLVWDGHWHUPRVYD]LDHVROLFLWDURVGDGRVLQLFLDLV
$UUDVWHGDFDWHJRULD(YHQWRVSDUDDiUHDGHJXL}HVREORFR4XDQGRDOJXpPFOLFDUHP SDUDLQLFLDU
RSURJUDPDHHQFDL[HQHVWHREORFRUHPRYHWXGRGHGD/LVWDGHWHUPRVGDFDWHJRULD9DULiYHLV

 6ROLFLWDURVGDGRVLQLFLDLVHLQLFLDOL]DUDYDULiYHO2UGHP
(QFDL[HQDVHTXrQFLDGHEORFRVREORFR'DGRVLQLFLDLVGDFDWHJRULD2V0HXV%ORFRV(QFDL[HQHVWH
REORFRGDFDWHJRULD9DULiYHLVSDUDDOWHUDUDYDULiYHO2UGHP

 $FUHVFHQWDUj/LVWDGHWHUPRVRVWHUPRVGHVGHDRUGHPLQLFLDODWpjRUGHPILQDORXVHMD
DWpTXHD2UGHPVHMDVXSHULRUj2UGHPLQLFLDO
$UUDVWHREORFRGHFRQWURORDWpTXH«UHSHWH ඹSDUDDiUHDGHJXL}HVHHQFDL[HQDHQWUDGDR
EORFRFRPDFRQGLomR2UGHP!2UGHPILQDOය'HQWURGREORFRGHFRQWURORpQHFHVViULR
HQFDL[DUREORFR&DOFXODURWHUPRGHRUGHP රGDFDWHJRULD2V0HXV%ORFRVSDUDFDOFXODUR
WHUPRGD2UGHPHHQFDL[DUREORFRTXHDFUHVFHQWDR7HUPRD/LVWDGHWHUPRV඼3DUDTXHVHMD
SHUFHWtYHOQRSDOFRDLQWURGXomRGRVYDORUHVQDOLVWDHQFDL[HREORFRHVSHUDV ලGD
FDWHJRULDGH&RQWUROR'HVHJXLGDHQFDL[HREORFRDGLFLRQDD2UGHPRYDORU඾SDUD
LQFUHPHQWDUD2UGHP




MX7 © Porto Editora

3iJLQD
43
&DOFXODUDPpGLD LQWHUDomRHQWUHDWRUHVSRUHQYLRHUHFHomRGHPHQVDJHQV
1R6FUDWFKDLQWHUDomRHQWUHRVDWRUHVRFRPSRUWDPHQWRGRVDWRUHVDVVLPFRPRD
H[HFXomRGHSURFHGLPHQWRVSRGHPVHUFRRUGHQDGRVSRUPHLRGHXPVLVWHPDGHHQYLRH

MX7 © Porto Editora


UHFHomRGHPHQVDJHQV4XDOTXHUDWRUSRGHHQYLDUXPDPHQVDJHPXVDQGRRVEORFRV
GLIXQGHDPHQVDJHPRXGLIXQGHDPHQVDJHP«HHVSHUDHWRGRVRVDWRUHVTXHWLYHUHP
DPHQVDJHPHQYLDGDQDHQWUDGDGREORFR4XDQGRUHFHEHUHVDPHQVDJHP«LQLFLDPDV
Do}HVSURJUDPDV

%ORFRVGHWUDQVPLVVmR %ORFRVGHUHFHomR


$XWLOL]DomRGREORFRGLIXQGHDPHQVDJHP«SHUPLWHDFRQWLQXLGDGHGDH[HFXomRGRV
EORFRVVHJXLQWHVDSyVDPHQVDJHPHQYLDGDHQTXDQWRREORFRGLIXQGHDPHQVDJHP«H
HVSHUDSDUDDOpPGHGLIXQGLUDPHQVDJHPHVSHUDDWpTXHRVUHFHWRUHVGDVPHQVDJHQV
WHUPLQHPDH[HFXomRGDVDo}HVDVVRFLDGDVDREORFRUHFHWRU4XDQGRUHFHEHUHVD
PHQVDJHP«

9DPRVFULDUXPSURJUDPDSDUDFDOFXODUDPpGLDTXHLOXVWUDDLQWHUDomRGRVDWRUHVSRU
HQYLRHUHFHomRGHPHQVDJHP1HVWHSURJUDPDWHUHPRVXPDWRUTXHVROLFLWDDRXWLOL]DGRUD
LQWURGXomRGRVGDGRVQXPDWDEHODOLVWDHDSUHVHQWDRYDORUGDPpGLDSRUPHLRGHXPD
IDODTXDQGRUHFHEHXPDPHQVDJHPGHXPRXWURDWRUDLQIRUPDUTXHDPpGLDIRLFDOFXODGD
(VWH~OWLPRDWRUFDOFXODUiDPpGLDTXDQGRFOLFDGR

(VFROKDGDELEOLRWHFDGR6FUDWFKRDWRU&DW DWRU*DWR SDUDDSUHVHQWDUDVLQIRUPDo}HVH


RDWRU%XWWRQ DWRU%RWmR SDUDRFiOFXORGDPpGLD

 &RQILJXUDURWDPDQKRGRERWmRHDGLFLRQDURWH[WR0pGLDDRVWUDMHVGRDWRU%RWmR
6HOHFLRQHRDWRU%RWmRGDOLVWDGHDWRUHVHUHGX]DRWDPDQKRSDUD

3iJLQD
44
 $GLFLRQDURWH[WR0pGLDDRDWRU%RWmR
$FHGDDRVHSDUDGRU7UDMHVඹHSDUDRSULPHLURWUDMHVHOHFLRQHDIHUUDPHQWDSDUDDLQVHUomRGH
WH[WRය&OLTXHQRERWmRරHHVFUHYD0pGLD6HOHFLRQHDFDL[DGHWH[WRFOLFDQGRQROLPLWH
WUDFHMDGRGDFDL[DGHWH[WRHDOWHUHDFRUGRWH[WRSDUDEUDQFRHP,QWHULRU඼FRORFDQGRRYDORU
GHVDWXUDomRD]HUR&HQWUHRWH[WRQRERWmRDUUDVWDQGRDFDL[DGHWH[WR6HOHFLRQHDFDL[DGH
WH[WRFRSLHHFROHQRVHJXQGRWUDMHල


 &ULDUDVYDULiYHLV1~PHURGHGDGRV6RPDH0pGLDHDOLVWD'DGRV
$RFULDUDVYDULiYHLVHDOLVWDVHOHFLRQHDRSomR7RGRVRVDFWRUHV$WLYHDYLVLELOLGDGHGRVYLVRUHV
QRSDOFRSDUDDVYDULiYHLV1~PHURGHGDGRV6RPDHSDUDDOLVWD'DGRV'LVSRQKDRVYLVRUHVHRV
DWRUHVFRPRLOXVWUDDILJXUD
MX7 © Porto Editora

3iJLQD
45
 &ULDURJXLmRSDUDRDWRU%RWmR
 ,QLFLDUDDomRTXDQGRRDWRUpFOLFDGRHDOWHUDURWUDMH
6HOHFLRQHRDWRU%RWmRHDUUDVWHSDUDDiUHDGHJXL}HVREORFR4XDQGRDOJXpPFOLFDHPWL
ඹGDFDWHJRULD(YHQWRV(QFDL[HRVEORFRVSDUDTXHRDWRU%RWmRPXGHSDUDRVHJXQGR
WUDMHEXWWRQEයHVSHUHVHJXQGRVරHYROWHDRWUDMHLQLFLDOEXWWRQD඼

MX7 © Porto Editora


2REMHWLYRpFULDUXPDSHTXHQDDQLPDomRTXDQGRRERWmRpFOLFDGR2VEORFRVSDUDD
PXGDQoDGHWUDMHHVWmRQDFDWHJRULD$SDUrQFLDHREORFRSDUDHVSHUDUHVWiQDFDWHJRULD
&RQWUROR

 ,QLFLDOL]DUDVYDULiYHLV6RPDH1~PHURGH
GDGRV
$UUDVWHGDFDWHJRULD9DULiYHLVRVEORFRVSDUD
DOWHUDUDVYDULiYHLV6RPDH1~PHURGHGDGRV
SDUDHHQFDL[HRVQRVEORFRVDQWHULRUHV

 2EWHUDVRPDGRVGDGRVLQVHULGRVQDOLVWD'DGRV
9DPRVDGLFLRQDURVHOHPHQWRVGDOLVWDSRULWHUDomR(PFDGDLWHUDomRDGLFLRQDVH
RHOHPHQWRGDOLVWDjVRPDGRVHOHPHQWRVDQWHULRUHVHDWXDOL]DVHDYDULiYHO6RPD
&RPRSRGHPRVREWHURQ~PHURGHHOHPHQWRVGDOLVWDDWUDYpVGREORFRRFRPSULPHQWR
GH«GDFDWHJRULD9DULiYHLVDUUDVWHGDFDWHJRULD&RQWURORREORFRUHSHWH«YH]HVඹ
HHQFDL[HRQRVEORFRVDQWHULRUHV1DHQWUDGDGREORFRUHSHWH«YH]HVHQFDL[HREORFR
RFRPSULPHQWRGH 'DGRVය'HQWURGREORFRUHSHWHR&RPSULPHQWRGH'DGRVYH]HV
HQFDL[HREORFRDGLFLRQDD1~PHURGHGDGRVRYDORUරGDFDWHJRULD9DULiYHLVSDUD
DWXDOL]DUDSRVLomRGRHOHPHQWRGDOLVWDDDGLFLRQDU'HVHJXLGDWDPEpPGHQWURGR
EORFRUHSHWHRFRPSULPHQWRGH'DGRVYH]HVHQFDL[HREORFRDOWHUD6RPDSDUD« ඼
GDFDWHJRULD9DULiYHLVSDUDDWXDOL]DURYDORUGDVRPD1DVHJXQGDHQWUDGDGHVWHEORFR
HQFDL[HREORFRGDFDWHJRULD2SHUDGRUHVSDUDDGLFLRQDUDYDULiYHO6RPDFRPR
HOHPHQWRGDOLVWDQDSRVLomR1~PHURGHGDGRVලREWLGRSRUPHLRGREORFR
«GH'DGRVGDFDWHJRULD9DULiYHLV1DSULPHLUDHQWUDGDHQFDL[HREORFRGD
YDULiYHO1~PHURGHGDGRV඾

ඹ ර

ල ඾

3iJLQD
46
 'HWHUPLQDUDPpGLD
(QFDL[HQRVEORFRVDQWHULRUHVREORFRDOWHUD0pGLDSDUD«1HVWHEORFRHQFDL[HREORFR
TXRFLHQWHGDFDWHJRULD2SHUDGRUHVFRPHQWUDGDV6RPDH1~PHURGHGDGRV

 'LIXQGLUDPHQVDJHPSDUDRVDWRUHV
'REORFR(YHQWRVDUUDVWHREORFRGLIXQGHDPHQVDJHP«HHQFDL[HRQREORFRDQWHULRU
$OWHUHDPHQVDJHPSDUDFDOFXODGDFOLFDQGRQDHQWUDGDGREORFRHHVFROKHQGR1RYD
PHQVDJHP2REMHWLYRpLQIRUPDURDWRU*DWRGHTXHDPpGLDIRLFDOFXODGD

 &ULDURVJXL}HVSDUDRDWRU*DWR
 ,QLFLDURSURJUDPDFOLFDQGRHP LQLFLDOL]DU
DVYDULiYHLV0pGLD1~PHURGHGDGRV6RPD
DHUHPRYHUWRGRVRVHOHPHQWRVGDOLVWD
'DGRV
6HOHFLRQHRDWRU*DWRHDUUDVWHSDUDDVXDiUHD
GHJXL}HVREORFR4XDQGRDOJXpPFOLFDUHP
GDFDWHJRULD(YHQWRV(QFDL[HRVWUrVEORFRVSDUD
DOWHUDURYDORUGDVYDULiYHLV0pGLD1~PHURGH
GDGRVH6RPDSDUDDWUDYpVGREORFRDOWHUD«
SDUD«GDFDWHJRULD9DULiYHLV(QFDL[HREORFR
UHPRYHWXGRGH'DGRVGDFDWHJRULD9DULiYHLV

 $SUHVHQWDUDVLQIRUPDo}HVLQLFLDLVHPGXDVIDODVFRPWHPSRGHHVSHUD
´,QWURGX]RVGDGRVQDWDEHODµH´&DVRXPDHQWUDGDGDWDEHODILTXHYD]LDp
FRQVLGHUDGRRQ~PHURµ
(QFDL[HQRVEORFRVDQWHULRUHVREORFRGL]«GXUDQWH«VGDFDWHJRULD$SDUrQFLD
(VFUHYDQDSULPHLUDHQWUDGD,QWURGX]RVGDGRVQDWDEHODHQDVHJXQGDHQWUDGDR
Q~PHUR(QFDL[HRXWUREORFRGRPHVPRWLSRHVFUHYHQGRQDSULPHLUDHQWUDGD&DVR
XPDHQWUDGDGDWDEHODILTXHYD]LDpFRQVLGHUDGRRQ~PHURHQDVHJXQGDHQWUDGD
MX7 © Porto Editora

3iJLQD
47
 &ULDUXPJXLmRSDUDDIDODGRDWRU*DWRFRPDPpGLDTXHVHUiDSUHVHQWDGD
TXDQGRDPpGLDWLYHUVLGRFDOFXODGDSHORDWRU%RWmR
$UUDVWHSDUDDiUHDGHJXL}HVREORFR4XDQGRUHFHEHUHVDPHQVDJHPFDOFXODGDඹ
(QFDL[HREORFRGL]«GXUDQWH«V යGDFDWHJRULD$SDUrQFLD1DSULPHLUDHQWUDGD
HQFDL[HREORFRDMXQomRGH«FRP« ර͕GDFDWHJRULD2SHUDGRUHVFRPSULPHLUD

MX7 © Porto Editora


HQWUDGD$PpGLDp඼FRPHVSDoRQRILQDOHQDVHJXQGDHQWUDGDREORFRGDYDULiYHO
0pGLDල1DVHJXQGDHQWUDGDGREORFRGL]«GXUDQWH«V HVFUHYD ඾SDUDDIDOD
ILFDUYLVtYHOGXUDQWHVHJXQGRV

ර ඼ ල ඾

$VLPDJHQVVHJXLQWHVLOXVWUDPDVGLIHUHQWHVIDVHVGDH[HFXomRGRSURJUDPD

3iJLQD
48

You might also like