The Effect of Strand Discrimination to the

Academic Performance of the Grade 11 TVL student

CHAPTER I

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Background of the study

Introduction

Discrimination is the practice of treating one person or group of people less fairly

or less well than other people or groups. [1] According to Corinne M. Kanappan, et al.

(2010). Discrimination has a strong ,negative impact on educational experience. In addition,

[2] based on the study of Courtney Stevens, et al. (2018) that 15-25% of students whom

experience discrimination reported that it had negatively impacted their mental health, their

self-esteem, and their educational performance.

Condition related to the topic

[3] According to Asiye Toker Gökçe (2013) students in one of the university in

Turkey were discriminated against because of their clothing style; their religious attitudes;

their political learnings; their gender; their ethnicity; their hometown or nationality; their age;

and their IQ levels on campus. [4] In addition, Susanne Fischer, et al. (2017) stated in their

study that it appears they were discriminated against by both lecturers and peers, in such a

way that discrimination has a negative impact on mental and psychological health.

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 The Effect of Strand Discrimination to the
Academic Performance of the Grade 11 TVL student

Factors contributing to the focus of the study

The K-12 program is a newly developed curriculum implemented in the

Philippines which adds two years to the 10-year Basic Education Curriculum. The two

additional years focuses on more specialized subjects depending on the track and strand

taken by a student. Thus, there are four main tracks offered by the K-12, namely: Academic,

TVL, Sports, and Arts and Design, with the Academic Track being the most commonly

offered in schools nationwide.[5] In according with the article of Trex Aluquin (2020) there

are various factors in discrimination faced by the Technical,Vocational and Livelihood

(TVL) students; social justice, educational equity,economic considerations, policy

implications and psychological and social impact.

Current condition in the research locale

[6] Based on the study of Pauline Joy A. Palavino, et al. (2021) A Strand

Discrimination is the unequal or uneven treatment of a person based upon their strand.

Senior high school students experience verbal or even non-verbal way of the society

shame about which among strand is best. Because of this discrimination towards other

senior high school students it cause a huge impact to their mental health and social skills.

[7] According to the study of Jesus Alfonso D. Datu (2028) a person or students who

experience discrimination might developed maladaptive psychological, physical health and

educational issues.

Based on the data gathered from the school, it is evident that there is a strand discrimination

and some of the students experience it mostly from TVL students.

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 The Effect of Strand Discrimination to the
Academic Performance of the Grade 11 TVL student

Reason of the conduct of the study

The researchers chose to conduct this study, because we want to know the effects of

discrimination towards students academic performance, mental health and how it affects their

daily lives as a human being.

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 The Effect of Strand Discrimination to the
Academic Performance of the Grade 11 TVL student
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

The purpose of this Causal-Comparative Quantitative study is to find out the

effects of strand discrimination to senior high school students to their academic performance.

[8] Strand stigmatization is where students are making criticism,degrade students

from other strands and academic inequality. Students experience strand stigmatization felt

small of themselves which led to self-degradation and negative outlook in life. Because of

this, it cause a huge impact to their academic performance at school (Rosima et al. 2021). [9]

In addition, in the study Perception of Senior High School on the Existence of Strand-Based

Discrimination and Bias in The Franciscan College of the Immaculate Concepcion, two -

thirds or 66.15 % of all the senior high school students have experienced being discriminated

or prejudiced based on their chosen track (Bulawan et al. 2019 ).

[10] According to Rosima et al. (2021), they have learned that depending on

how a person chooses to react to the situation, he/she may have a positive or negative

outlook.And some students view this matter positively. They were able to use these

experiences to boost their morale and prove themselves about their capability among other

groups of students. These refueled their self confidence and discovered more areas to

improve themselves and it made them more confident in doing their tasks. They gained more

ideas and made themselves prepared for college life, according to the participant, gave them

self-respect by forcing themselves to grow up and be smarter in their strand.They decided to

approach the situation with a positive outlook despite the discrimination they’ve been

through.

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 The Effect of Strand Discrimination to the
Academic Performance of the Grade 11 TVL student

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

MEDIATING VARIABLE

BULLYING

INDEPENDENT VARIABLE
DEPENDENT VARIABLE
STRAND
ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE
DISCRIMINATION

MODERATING VARIABLE

PERCEPTION IN LIFE

CONTROL VARIABLE

MENTAL HEALTH

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 The Effect of Strand Discrimination to the
Academic Performance of the Grade 11 TVL student

Narrative Explanation

The expected cause, “ Strand Discrimination”, is the independent variable (the predictor, or

exploratory variable). The expected effect, “ Academic Performance”, is the dependent

variable (the response, or outcome variable). In other words “Academic Performance”

depends on the “Strand Discrimination”. Thus, the assumption will be that strand

discrimination has to do or effect with the students academic performance. The mediating

variable of “Bullying” comes between the independent and dependent variables. Strand

discrimination may result students got bully which in turn impacts their academic

performance. A students “perception in life” can change the effect that the variable “ strand

discrimination” has on the students academic performance. The expected “perception in life”

moderator moderates the effect of the students Academic Performance. It is very possible

that if the student feels mentally ill, this may affect the students academic performance.

However, we are not interested in measuring mental health outcomes a part of our research.

This make mental health a good candidate for a control variable . It still impacts our results,

but we are not interested in studying it.

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 The Effect of Strand Discrimination to the
Academic Performance of the Grade 11 TVL student
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

This Causal-Comparative study aims to determine the effects of strand

discrimination to the academic performance of the Grade 11 TVL students of San Vicente

Pilot School for Philippine Craftsmen for the school year 2022-2023 to provide insights

about the effects of strand discrimination to academic performance and their every day lives.

Specifically, this study aimed to provide answers to the following questions:

1. What is the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of;

a. Gender

2. What is the condition or state of strand discrimination in school?

3. What is the General Weighted Average (GWA) of the respondents ?

4. Do you think academic affect the grades?

5. What can you recommend to lessen Strand Discrimination?

ASSUMPTION OF THE STUDY

Strand Discrimination has a negative effect to the Academic Performance of the

Grade 11 TVL Students in San Vicente Pilot for Philippine Craftsmen

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 The Effect of Strand Discrimination to the
Academic Performance of the Grade 11 TVL student
SIGNIFICANC OF THE STUDY

Strand discrimination is the practice of treating an individual or group of people unequal, less

fairly or less well than other people, belittle and label them considering of the strand they

choose. This study focuses on the effects of strand discrimination to the academic

performance of the Grade 11 TVL students of San Vicente Pilot School for Philippine

Craftsmen school year 2022-2023.

The result of the study will benefit the following:

Student

This study will provide insights to the students to open their eyes concerning

strand discrimination and how does it affects their academic performance. And also, to

improve their treatment, attitudes, behavior and provide more better relationship towards

their colleagues,friends and schoolmates. This may encourage the students to speak up and

never let other people put label on them just because of the strand they belong. They can be

each others instrument to stop this kind of discrimination.

Teachers

Teachers will be more aware that strand discrimination is really a thing. Teachers

can serve as a “support system”during the time where strand discrimination is on its high

peek. They may use their power or authority to encourage the people especially we are all

uniquely talented and gifted in our own way.

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 The Effect of Strand Discrimination to the
Academic Performance of the Grade 11 TVL student

School Admins

The result of this study will help the school admins to create the best and most

sensible policies regarding strand discrimination and implement proper action or punishment

towards those discriminators.

Parents

This study can be an instrument to parent-child relationship because this issue will

surely start convention between parents and child. Parents are really important both in the

perspective of the victims and on-victims

Future Researcher

This study also serve as their proof that strand discrimination does have a huge

impact to the victims. The future researchers can investigate the causes and potential

remedies for strand discrimination if the current researcher are successful identifying its

effects. And the future researchers can successfully support their study.

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 The Effect of Strand Discrimination to the
Academic Performance of the Grade 11 TVL student

SCOPE AND DELIMITATION

This scope of the study will be focus on the effects of strand discrimination to the

academic performance of the Grade 11 TVL students. The primary subjects of this research

study will consists of Grade 11-Ruth students enrolled in Technical Vocational Livelihood

strand in San Vicente Pilot School for Philippine Craftsmen of Bulaon Resettlement Site,

City of San Fernando, Pampanga.

This study will be limited to Ruth TVL students and not includes STEM and GAS

students regardless of age. gender and civil status. Moreover, this study will conduct a

questionnaire via google form by listing closed-ended questions. Students shall give their

consent before they participate the research study.

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 The Effect of Strand Discrimination to the
Academic Performance of the Grade 11 TVL student

DEFINITION OF TERMS

[11] Strand Discrimination (Conceptual Definition)

Strand discrimination wherein a student can be bullied or shamed because of the

strand they had chosen and their intellectual capability.

Strand Discrimination (Operational Definition)

In this study, strand discrimination also known as strand degrading where TVL

student experience bullying or discrimination in regards to the strand they chose.

[12] Academic Performance (Conceptual Definition)

Academic performance is measured in the form of students' remarkable scores

across their subject courses and the display of learning outcomes which can be assessed

through performance, classroom tests, assignments, outputs, and major examinations.

Academic Performance (Operational Definition)

In this study, academic performance is wherein PVL students being graded based

on their achievements in schools, examinations and other school related.

[13] Bullying (Conceptual Definition)

Bullying is an abuse and mistreatment of someone vulnerable by someone stronger,

more powerful, etc.:the actions and behavior of a bully.

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 The Effect of Strand Discrimination to the
Academic Performance of the Grade 11 TVL student

Bullying (Operational Definition)

In this study, bullying is a prevalent form of youth violence, particularly

in school setting, students can experience are direct bullying and indirect bullying. Direct

bullying is a combination of both verbal and physical bullying. Indirect bullying is mainly

verbal and is experienced frequently in schools.

[14] Perception in life (Conceptual Definition)

Perception molds, shapes, and influences our experience of our personal reality.

Perception is merely a lens or mindset from which we view people, events, and things.

Perception in life (Operational Definition)

In this study, perception in life is the point of view of a TVL students in general

outlook in life and reality.

[15] Mental Health (Conceptual Definition)

As indicated in Merriam-Webster, mental health is the condition of being sound

mentally and emotionally that is characterized by the absence of mental illness and by

adequate adjustment especially as reflected in feeling comfortable about oneself, positive

feelings about others, and the ability to meet the demands of daily life.

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 The Effect of Strand Discrimination to the
Academic Performance of the Grade 11 TVL student

Mental Health (Operational Definition)

In this study, mental health refers to a state of mental well-being that TV

students enables to cope with stress in life, psychological, emotional and social well-being.

Make sure to follow safety protocols and no harm will involve to our study. Participants were

asked to answer the questions honestly and we assured that the personal information of

respondent would be kept confidential and will only be used for academic purposes.

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 The Effect of Strand Discrimination to the
Academic Performance of the Grade 11 TVL student
CHAPTER II

METHOD AND PROCEDURES

Introduction

This Chapter explains various methodologies that were used in gathering data and

analysis which are relevant to the researchers study. The methodologies will include areas

such as the research design, research setting, respondents or population and sample, research

instrument, data collection procedure, statistical treatment of data, data analysis plan, ethical

considerations and its conclusion.

Research Design

The researchers utilized the Causal Comparative Quantitative research design. A

causal-comparative design is a research design that seeks to find relationships between

independent and dependent variables after an action or. event has already occurred. In

addition, Qualitative research design is concerned with establishing answers to the whys and

hows of the phenomenon in question (unlike quantitative). Due to this, qualitative research is

often defined as being subjective (not objective), and findings are gathered in a written

format as opposed to numerical. However, Quantitative research deals with numbers and

statistics, while qualitative research deals with words and meanings. Quantitative methods

allow you to systematically measure variables and test hypotheses. Qualitative methods allow

you to explore concepts and experiences in more detail.

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 The Effect of Strand Discrimination to the
Academic Performance of the Grade 11 TVL student
Research Setting
The study was conducted at San Vicente Pilot School for Philippine Craftsmen
located at Bulaon Resettlement, City of San Fernando, Pampanga.
Respondents/Population & Sample

In the study about “The effects of Strand Discrimination to the Academic

Performance of TVL Students”, the population will be the SHS students. The researchers
conducted cluster (area) sampling to choose the sample. The researchers decided to choose
the Grade 11 TVL students because they are suitable and applicable for our study.

Research Instrument

To get the appropriate data needed, the researcher will have survey questionnaires

through Google form with six (6) parts. First part-Consent, we asked consent from the

respondents to participate with willingness in our survey questions, however they are free to

refuse if they do not want to participate.Second part- Demographics, as they agreed to

participate, we ask for their names and age, their personal information will be confidential.

Third- Likert Scale, this questionnaire is about Strand Discrimination they will answered the

statement on what level of their feelings or emotion based on the statement given by the

researchers. Fourth- Academic Performance, we asked the respondents about their GWA and

their recent grades in the subject; Practical Research, 21st Century Literature, Statistics

Probability and Shop. Fifth - Strand Discrimination and Academic Performance, we used

close ended questions and the answers will be provided by the researchers. Sixth -

Recommendation, we asked for recommendation to lessen the Strand Discrimination among

Strands.

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 The Effect of Strand Discrimination to the
Academic Performance of the Grade 11 TVL student

Data Collection Procedure

A letter of request to conduct the study was prepared, of course with the consent

of the Principal, Head Teacher III and the Adviser of our respondents. The researcher

constructed a statement and questionnaire checklist, validated by the professor of the subject

Investigation, Inquiries and Immersion then the questionnaire checklists are

distributed through Google Form. The researchers explain to the respondents the importance

of their response to the study. The researcher clarifies some terms to the respondents so that

the respondents can answer the survey question with full knowledge of their responsibility as

the subject of the study. The researcher requested the respondents to answer with all honesty.

In this study since the researcher goal is to determine “The Effects of Strand Discrimination

to the Academic Performance of the TVL Students”, the researcher believes that this method

is the most appropriate in choosing the sample for the research. After the respondents

answered the survey questions, the researcher collected and tallied the data for interpretation.

The researcher asks a statistician to help in determining the appropriate statistical tools to be

used and in interpreting the data. Based on the data the researcher comes up with conclusion

and recommendations for this study. The researchers started to distribute links to the

respondents last March 26,2023 and collected the data last May 29,2023.

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 The Effect of Strand Discrimination to the
Academic Performance of the Grade 11 TVL student
STATISTICAL TREATMENT OF THE DATA

To interpret the data effectively, the researchers will make us

of the following statistical treatmen t:

1. Likert Scale (4 point likert scale). A Likert scale is a rating scale used to measure

opinions, attitudes, or behaviors. It consists of a statement followed by a series of four

answer statements. Respondents choose the option that best corresponds with how they feel

about the statement or question.

Scale Verbal Interpretation

4 Strongly Agree

3 Agree

2 Disagree

1 Strongly Disagree

Computing for interval of scale formula:

Hp-1

Hp

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 The Effect of Strand Discrimination to the
Academic Performance of the Grade 11 TVL student

2. Mean. Which is also known as the average where the total of sum of values in a

sample divided by the number of values in your sample.

Formula:

Sum of all the observation

M = -------------------------------------------

Total number of observation

3. Frequency and Percentage Distribution. The method of identifying the total

number of observations supplied as data points is done using the frequency and percentage.

Formula:

P = F ÷ N × 100

P - percentage

F - frequency

N - number of respondents

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 The Effect of Strand Discrimination to the
Academic Performance of the Grade 11 TVL student

4. Ranking. The researchers will do the ranking to identify the results of the

interpreted data that are making the most significant contributions to their field.

5. Pearson correlation coefficient. To evaluate the significant relationship between the

Independent and Dependent variable.

Formula:

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 The Effect of Strand Discrimination to the
Academic Performance of the Grade 11 TVL student

Data Analysis Plan

Using the data garnered, data analysis plan would encompass a number of

procedures leading to the findings or the result of the study about The Effects of Strand

Discrimination to the Academic Performance of the Grade 11 TVL Students, the procedures

to be observed are as follow:

1. Summarizing the numerical data. This would be done through a tally that will be based on

the certain answer of the respondent in the survey questionnaires using frequency and

percentage.

2. Mathematical/Statistical Interpretation of the summarized data using the weighted mean

and ranking.

3. Verbal Interpretation of the produced outcome will be determining the hypothesis of our

topic. Is there a significant effect in Strand Discrimination to the Academic Performance of

the Grade 11 TVL Students in San Vicente Pilot School for Philippine Craftsmen.

4. Tables and graphs were used for visual presentation of summarized data.

5. Verbal interpretation of numerical

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 The Effect of Strand Discrimination to the
Academic Performance of the Grade 11 TVL student

Ethical Consideration

The researchers will keep all the personal details of the respondents. This

is to protect their privacy and make them feel secured. The data, results, methods, and

procedures will be collected and conducted without any manipulation. This is to provide

genuine results for the research without any manipulation. Besides that, I will get permission

and consent from the school authority to conduct our research with the TVL Grade 11-Ruth

students. The researchers will not threaten or force the students to participate in this research.

They also have freedom to withdraw if they want to. They can participate and contribute to

the research with their own will. This is to respect the students’ rights as the respondents.

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 The Effect of Strand Discrimination to the
Academic Performance of the Grade 11 TVL student
CONCLUSION

This research methodology presented the Causal Comparative Qualitative as the

research design, The study was conducted at San Vicente Pilot School for Philippine
Craftsmen located at Bulaon Resettlement, City of San Fernando, Pampanga or research
setting. The researchers decided to choose the Grade 11 TVL students because they are
suitable and applicable for our study (Population).To get the appropriate data needed, the
researcher will have survey questionnaires through Google form with six (6) parts.
To interpret the data effectively, the researchers will make use of the
f o l l o w i n g s t a t i s t i c a l t r e a t m e n t . The Likert Scale, Mean and Frequency are the tools
that will use to interpret the data (statistical treatment of data).A letter of request to conduct
the study was prepared, of course with the consent of the Principal, Head Teacher III and the
Adviser of our respondents. The researcher constructed a statement and questionnaire
checklist, validated by the professor of the subject Investigation, Inquiries and Immersion
then the questionnaire checklists are distributed through Google Form (data analysis plan).
The researchers will keep all the personal details of the respondents. This is to protect their
privacy and make them feel secured. The data, results, methods, and procedures will be
collected and conducted without any manipulation. This is to provide genuine results for the
research without any manipulation. Besides that, the researchers will get permission and
consent from the school authority to conduct a research with the TVL Grade 11-Ruth
students. The researchers will not threaten or force the students to participate in this research.
They also have freedom to withdraw if they want to. They can participate and contribute to
the research with their own will. This is to respect the students’ rights as the respondents
(ethical considerations).

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 The Effect of Strand Discrimination to the
Academic Performance of the Grade 11 TVL student
CHAPTER III

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

Result of the study

Figure 1.1:

In the terms and conditions, on the question "Do you agree to our terms and conditions?",

93.1% (27) of the respondents agreed while 6.9% (2) of the respondent disagreed.

In the demographic profile, 63% (17) of the respondents are Female, while 37% (10) of the

respondents are Male.

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 The Effect of Strand Discrimination to the
Academic Performance of the Grade 11 TVL student

Table 3.1

Table 3.1 shows that the question 5 got the first place on the ranking with 3.04 weighted

mean, indicating that some students think that their strand are more superior than TVL strand

, followed by question 3 with a weighted mean of 2.70, indicating that Some student think

that TVL students are not academically smart because they belong to TVL strand, followed

by question 1 with a weighted mean of 2.67, indicating that TVL students experienced strand

discrimination, followed by question 4 with a weighted mean of 2.56, indicating that they

have treated unfairly because of their chosen strand which is TVL. Lastly, question 2

received the lowest place on the table with a weighted mean of 2.37, indicating that TVL

students experienced being degraded by my schoolmates because of my chosen strand. This

table shows that the result of the survey on Strand Discrimination is evident.

24
 The Effect of Strand Discrimination to the
Academic Performance of the Grade 11 TVL student

25
 The Effect of Strand Discrimination to the
Academic Performance of the Grade 11 TVL student

30%

44% Very Evident

Evident
Least Evident
Not Evident

26%

Percentage Distribution of Respondents

Figure 3.2

This figure shows that, 44% of the respondents shows evident of experiencing strand

discrimination, while 30% of the respondents shows very evident of experiencing strand

discrimination. And lastly, 26% of the respondents shows very evident of experiencing

strand discrimination.

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 The Effect of Strand Discrimination to the
Academic Performance of the Grade 11 TVL student

Figure 4.1

In their academic performances, on the question " What is your GWA (General Weighted

Average) in the first semester?", 44.4% (12) of the respondents had an average of 86-90,

29.6% (8) had an average of 81-85, 22.2% (6) had an average of 75-80 and lastly, 3.8% (1)

had an average of 91-95.

Figure 4.2

In their academic performances, on the question " What is your grade in Practical
Research?", 51.9% (14) of the respondents had an average of 75-80, 44.4% (12) had an
average of 81-8 and lastly, 3.7% (1) had an average of 86-90.

27
 The Effect of Strand Discrimination to the
Academic Performance of the Grade 11 TVL student

Figure 4.3

In their academic performances, on the question " What is your grade in 21st Century

Literature?", 59.3% (16) of the respondents had an average of 81-85, while average of 91-95

and 75-80 have the same 14.8% (4) respondents and lastly, 11.1% (3) had an average of 86-

90

Figure 4.4

In their academic performances, on the question " What is your grade in Statistics

Probability?"average 86-90 and 75-80 have the same 33.3% (9) respondents, while average

of 81-85 have 29.6% (8) respondents and lastly,3.7% (1) had an average of 91-95.

28
 The Effect of Strand Discrimination to the
Academic Performance of the Grade 11 TVL student

Figure 4.5

In their academic performances, on the question " What is your grade in your Shop?", 48.1%

(13) of the respondents had an average of 86-90, 29.6% (8) have the average of 91-95, then

14.8% (4) have the average of 81-85 and lastly, 7.4% (2) have the average of 96-100.

Frequency and Percentage Distribution Of The Respondent’s

Figure 5.1

In the strand discrimination and academic performances, on the question " Do you think that

strand discrimination affects your academic grades?", 66.7% (18) of the respondents

answered Yes, while 33.3% (9) answered No.

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 The Effect of Strand Discrimination to the
Academic Performance of the Grade 11 TVL student

Frequency and Percentage Distribution Of The Respondent’s

Figure 5.2

In the strand discrimination and academic performances, on the question "Does strand

discrimination affects your mental health?", 63% (17) of the respondents answered No, while

37% (10) answered Yes.

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 The Effect of Strand Discrimination to the
Academic Performance of the Grade 11 TVL student

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS,

AND RECOMMENDADTIONS

This chapter of the study presents a summary of the research’s findings. Conclusion that

answered the research problems and recommendations were also included in this portion.

Summary

This study investigate the correlation between the strand discrimination and academic

performance.

Specifically, the study sought answers to the following questions:

1. How may the respondents be described in terms of:

1.1 Name;

1.2 Gender;

1.3 Strand discrimination and

1.4 Academic Performance?

2. Is there a relationship between strand discrimination and the respondents

academic performance?

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 The Effect of Strand Discrimination to the
Academic Performance of the Grade 11 TVL student

This study focused on looking into the relationship between strand discrimination and the

respondents academic performance. There were two main instruments in the data gathering,

Likert Scale and closed ended questions, which measured the respondents discrimination

levels. The data gathered for this study were tallied,statistically treated, analyzed and

interpreted. The statistical tools applied on the data were the Likert Scale, Mean, and

Frequency

Summary of the Findings

The following were the findings of the study:

1. The Respondents

1.1 Majority of the respondents, 17 equivalent to 63%, were females

1.2 In likert scale, it is evident that most of the students were being discriminated

because some student think that their strand are more superior than TVL strand,

having a weighted mean of 3.04.

1.3 In the academic performance, majority of their grades are not affected by the

strand

1.4 Discrimination having a count of 12 equivalent to 44.4 % have a GWA (General

Weighted Average) of 86-90.

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 The Effect of Strand Discrimination to the
Academic Performance of the Grade 11 TVL student

2. Analysis of the Relationship between Strand Discrimination and students Academic

Performance

There was no relationship between strand discrimination and students Academic

performance. Academic performance is not affected by strand discrimination.

Conclusions

The researchers made the following conclusions based on the findings:

1. Majority of the respondents were females.In the likert scale, it was evident that some

students may have experienced strand discrimination and strand discrimination does not

affect their academic performance.

2. There was no relationship between strand discrimination and students Academic

performance. Academic performance is not affected by strand discrimination. Although the

two variables were found to have moderately small correlation, their relationship was not

significant. As proven in this studies, Academic performance does not necessarily affected

by strand discrimination. Furthermore, the small amount of respondents may have also

influenced this result.

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 The Effect of Strand Discrimination to the
Academic Performance of the Grade 11 TVL student

Recommendations

Based on the study’s findings, the following actions are recommended by the researchers:

1. Respect each others choice of strand. When we respect someone, we’re acknowledging

their positive qualities and behaviors, regardless of whether we agree with all their choices or

not. It’s an optimistic view of how they’re living their student life and the impact they’re

making at school. When we respect others and feel respected in return, it can foster positive

relationships, a sense of belonging and it can boost our self-esteem and motivation to achieve

even more.

2. Future studies should be conducted on the relationship between strand discrimination and

students academic performance. To improve studies about this topic, future researchers

should use a large number of respondents.

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 The Effect of Strand Discrimination to the
Academic Performance of the Grade 11 TVL student
APPENDIX A

SURVEY FORM

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 The Effect of Strand Discrimination to the
Academic Performance of the Grade 11 TVL student
APPENDIX B

APPROVAL SHEET

The research titled “ The Effects of Strand Discrimination to the

Academic Performance of the Grade 11 TVL Students in San Vicente Pilot School for

Philippine Craftsmen” prepared and submitted by Jeronica Villanueva, Anniegael

Tiongsonin, Lexi Lei Macaspac, Kimberly Esguerra, Pamela Pastoral, CK Esguerra and

Lucky Payumo in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the subject, Inquiries,

Investigation and Immersion has been examined and is recommended for acceptance and

approval.

JENNELYN S. PADUA,LPT

Research Teacher

Ap
proved in partial academic fulfillment of the requirements for the subject, Inquiries,
Investigation and Immersion by the Oral Examination Committee with a grade of .

Chairperson

Member Member

Accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the subject, Inquiries,
Investigation and Immersion.

CHRISTIAN M. SANTOS MIGUEL R. RIVERA JR., PHD

HEAD TEACHER III PRINCIPAL IV

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 The Effect of Strand Discrimination to the
Academic Performance of the Grade 11 TVL student
APPENDIX C

DECLARATION OF ANTI PLAGIARISM

1. ESGUERRA,CK., ESGUERRA,KIMBERLY, MACASPAC, LEXI LEI.,

PASTORAL,PAMELA., PAYUMO,LUCKY., TIONGSON,ANNIEGAEL.,

VILLANUEVA, JERONICA. Recognize that plagiarism is the practice of

utilizing someone else's ideas and efforts as one's own while doing so. This

involves overtly copying another person's entire work and taking specific

passages from their work without giving due credit and citation.

2. I hereby certify the research proposal's originality and the accuracy of all

employed references. In addition, I guarantee that all deliverables and the final

research study resulting from this project will contain only original material. I

will use proper citations when referring to other works from different sources.

3. I am aware that the Department of Education will take appropriate action if

this statement and commitment are violated, and I understand the potential

repercussions.

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 The Effect of Strand Discrimination to the
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CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY

I hereby attest that this research is our work and that, to the best of our
knowledge and belief, it does not contain any previously written or published
work by other people or organizations or any work that has been approved for
the award of any degree, diploma, or another credential by a higher education
institution, except any instances where due acknowledgement has been made of
it. Furthermore, I affirm that the educational content of this research is the fruit
of our work although we have received help from others on the presentation,
language, style, and way that the information is organized.

Researchers:

ESGUERRA, CK.

ESGUERRA, KIMBERLY

MACASPAC, LEXI LEI

PASTORAL, PAMELA

PAYUMO, LUCKY

TIONGSON, ANNIEGAEL

VILLANUEVA, JERONICA

Attested by:
MS. JENNELYN S. PADUA, LPT

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APPENDIX D

CURRICULUM VITAE

Name: JERONICA VILLANUEVA

Age: 23
Address: Blk 6 Lot 44 Summerfield Homes, Brgy.San Rafael,
City of Mexico, Pampanga
Birth date: August 11,1999
Email address: jeronica032919@gmail.com
School Attended
Senior High School: San Vicente Pilot School for Philippine Craftsmen
Junior High School: Junob National High School
Primary: West City Elementary School

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APPENDIX E

REFERENCES

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students' learning: an empirical investigation

Perceived discrimination and international students' learning: an empirical investigation:

Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management: Vol 33, No 1 (tandfonline.com)

[2] Courtney Stevens, et al. (2018 May 22.) Racial/ethnic disparities in US college students'

experience: Discrimination as an impediment to academic performance

Racial/ethnic disparities in US college students' experience: Discrimination as an impediment

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[3] Asiye Toker (30 Jan 2013) University students' perception of discrimination on campus in

Turkey

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[4] Susanne Fischer, et al. (2017 Mar 5.) Psychobiological impact of ethnic discrimination in

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Psychobiological impact of ethnic discrimination in Turkish immigrants living in Germany -

PubMed (nih.gov)

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[5] Trex Aluquin (August 22, 2020) Are the SHS strands created equal? On the issue of

strand discrimination

Are the SHS strands created equal? On the issue of strand discrimination | Politixxx Today

[6] Pauline Joy A. Palavino, et al. (June 2021) ROOTS, EFFECTS AND INFLUENCE OF

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Research Group1-2.docx - Roots Effects And Influence Of Strand Discrimination Among

Senior High School Students A Research Paper Presented To The - CTETENG 112 | Course

Hero

[7] Jesus Alfonso D. Datu (2018 May 8.) Everyday discrimination, negative emotions, and

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lagged panel investigations

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[8] Allen Vidas A. Rosima (2 February 2021) BREAKING DOWN THE SILENCE: UNITY

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OF PHILIPPINE SCHOOL DOHA, A PHENOMENOLOGY

https://ijcrt.org/download1.php?file=IJCRT2102410.pdf

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[9] Axl Fitzgerald Bulawan (May 31, 2020) Perception of Senior High School Students On

The Existence of Strand-Based Discrimination and Bias in The Franciscan College of The

Immaculate Conception

[10] Allen Vidas A. Rosima (2 February 2021) BREAKING DOWN THE SILENCE:

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DEPARTMENT OF PHILIPPINE SCHOOL DOHA, A PHENOMENOLOGY

https://ijcrt.org/download1.php?file=IJCRT2102410.pdf

[11] Nicole Serrano (February 28, 2019) Stop and prevent strand shaming

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[12] Gilbert C. Magulod Jr (March 2019) Learning styles, study habits and academic

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[13] Merriam Webster, Bullying

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[14] Jessica Estrada (February 7, 2020) How Your Perception Is Your Reality,

According to Psychologists

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How your perception is your reality, according to psychologists | Well+Good

(wellandgood.com)

[15] Merriam-Webster, Mental Health

Mental health Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster - Search (bing.com)

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