5

Science
Quarter 2 - Module 5
Describing the Different Modes of Reproduction
in Animals Such as Butterflies, Mosquitoes,
Frogs, Cats and Dogs

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

1
 What I Know
Direction: Identify the science concept being described in the following statements.
Write your answer on the answer sheet.

_________1. Takes place when sex cells of two parent animals unite to new form a new
organism.
_________2. Another term for sex cells
_________3. Fertilization that happens when sperm cells are released into the body of the
female animal.
_________4. An example of an animal that undergoes external fertilization.
_________5. The sex cell of a male animal.
_________6. The sex cell of a female animal.
_________7. Another term for fertilized egg.
_________8. Fertilization that takes place when the union of the sex cells happens outside the
body.

In the table below are lists of animals. Identify if they reproduce through internal or
external fertilization by checking the correct column.

Type of Fertilization

Name of Animal Internal External

Fertilization Fertilization
1 . carabao
2. toad
3. maya
4. salmon
5. tilapia
6. goat
7. horse
8. bangus
9. rabbit
10. sardine
11. tiger
12. tamaraw
13. tuna
14. butterfly
15. mosquito
Direction: Indicate whether the following statements are True (T) or False (F): Write
your answer on answer sheet
1. Oviparous animals give birth to young ones
2. Each sperm is a single cell.
3. External fertilization takes place in frog.
4. A new human individual develops from a cell called gamete.
5. Egg laid after fertilization is made up of a single cell.

vi
6.
7. Amoeba reproduces by budding.
8. Fertilization is necessary even in asexual reproduction.
9. Binary fission is a method of asexual reproduction.
10. A zygote is formed as a result of fertilization.
11. An embryo is made up of a single cell.

Direction: Answer the following questions.

1. Give two examples of oviparous animals.

2. What do you know by oviparous animals?
3. Give two examples of viviparous animals.
4. What are viviparous animals?
5. Name the male and female gametes produced by the testes and ovaries.
6. What is Fertilization?
7. What is the other name of the fertilized egg?
8. What is the internal fertilization?.
9. Give the names of two animals in which internal Fertilization occurs.
10. Define metamorphosis.
11. Give the names of two animals in which external Fertilization occurs..
12. How a zygote is changed into an embryo?
13. What is fetus?
14. Define external fertilization.
15. What is sexual reproduction?
16. Name the two modes by which animals reproduce.
17. What is asexual reproduction?.
18. What is binary fission?
19. Differentiate asexual and asexual production of animals.
20. What are the advantages and disadvantages of sexual and asexual reproduction?
21. In how many ways, the new individuals are produced by their parents?
22. What is sexual reproduction?
23. What is budding?

vii
 Lesson Describing the Different Modes of
Reproduction in Animals Such as
Butterflies, Mosquitoes, Frogs, Cats
1 and Dogs

What In
This lesson discusses the different modes of reproduction in animals such as butterflies,
mosquitoes, frogs, cats and dogs. It describes that animals can produce sexually or asexually.
It also classifies animals that are hatched from eggs and born alive.

What I Need to Know

* Describe the different modes of reproduction in animals such as butterflies,

mosquitoes, frogs, cats and dogs. (S5 LT-IIe-5)

What’s New
Study the following pictures of animals below.
How are these animals similar? How are they different?

https://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fback-yard
farm.weebly.com%2Fuploads%2F1%2F3%2F3%2F1%2F13316693%2Fgroup-of-farm-animals-
71641507_orig.jpg&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fback-yard-
farm.weebly.com%2F&tbnid=iJCCvOziYUeGiM&vet=10CLABEDMoTWoXChMIkMvGu9yb6gIVAAAAAB0AAAAAE
AQ..i&docid=ttYGQj5bHSKS7M&w=1060&h=795&q=backyard%20animals&ved=0CLABEDMoTWoXChMIkMvGu9yb
6gIVAAAAAB0AAAAAEAQ

1
 What Is It
Some animals produce offspring through asexual reproduction while other animals
produce offspring through sexual reproduction. Both methods have advantages and
disadvantages.

Asexual Reproduction
It produces offspring that are genetically identical to the parent because the offspring
are all clones of the original parent. A single individual can produce offspring asexually and
large number of offspring’s can be produced quickly; these are two advantages that asexually
reproducing organisms have over sexually reproducing organisms. In a stable or predictable
environment, asexual reproduction is an effective means of reproduction because all the
offspring will be adapted to that environment. In an unstable or unpredictable environment,
species that reproduce asexually may be at a disadvantage because all the offspring are
genetically identical and may not be adapted to different conditions.

Sexual Reproduction
The genetic material of two individuals are combined to produce genetically diverse
offspring that differ from their parents. The genetic diversity of sexually produced offspring is
thought to give sexually reproducing individual’s greater fitness because more of their
offspring may survive and reproduce in an unpredictable or changing environment. Species
that reproduce sexually (and have separate sexes) must maintain two different types of
individuals, male and female. Only half the population (females) can produce the offspring, so
fewer offspring will be produced when compared to asexual reproduction. This is a
disadvantage of sexual reproduction compared to asexual reproduction

REPRODUCTION IN ANIMALS
1. Reproduction: It is one of the important life process, which ensures the continuation of
similar kinds of individuals´ generation after generation.

2. Modes of Reproduction: There are two modes by which animals reproduce. These are
Sexual reproduction and Asexual reproduction.

3. Sexual Reproduction: The process of reproduction in which the fusion of male and
female gametes takes place is called sexual reproduction. Produce a new individual from two
parent individuals.

4. Fertilization: The fusion of ovum and the sperm is called fertilization (Fig.9.5).

Fig. 9.5. Fertilization

2
 a. Internal Fertilization
It happens when the male animal releases sperm cells into the body of the female
animal to fertilize the egg cell. The embryo can either develop inside the female
body until it is born alive or develop inside an egg laid by the female. This is observed
in human beings and other animals such as insects, cows , dogs, horse and cats.

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.marwell.org.uk%2Fzoo%2Fexplore%2Fanimals%2F58%2Fprzewalskis-
horse&psig=AOvVaw099EkPowiEOtAfLOUJI7JN&ust=1593065153137000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAIQjRxqFwoTCOCk57DkmeoCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAD

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fthewondrous.com%2Fmeet-the-unusual-animal-
mommys%2F&psig=AOvVaw099EkPowiEOtAfLOUJI7JN&ust=1593065153137000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAIQjRxqFwoTCOCk57DkmeoCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAK

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Flife.gomcgill.com%2Fcleo-the-great-dane-gives-birth-to-19-
puppies&psig=AOvVaw099EkPowiEOtAfLOUJI7JN&ust=1593065153137000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAIQjRxqFwoTCOCk57DkmeoCFQAAAA
AdAAAAABAR

b. External Fertilization
Fertilization that takes place outside the female body, the female releases eggs into the
water or attaches them to a plant or rock. The male then releases sperm cells over the
eggs to fertilize them. This is observed in most frogs, fish, starfish, etc.

3
https://www.livescience.com/2542-transitional-frog-lays-eggs-water-land.html

https://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fc8.alamy.com%2Fcomp%2FW7PMJ4%2Fclarks-anemonefish-
amphiprion-clarkii-tending-to-her-eggs-raja-ampat-west-papua-indonesia-
W7PMJ4.jpg&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.alamy.com%2Fstock-photo%2Ffish-eggs-
underwater.html&tbnid=0YpvTlFCpwhJjM&vet=12ahUKEwjE2dq55pnqAhVXAqYKHTj3Bi8QMygEegUIARCvAQ..i&d
ocid=SdosVSAuZFkg-
M&w=1300&h=956&q=picture%20of%20fish%20with%20their%20eggs&ved=2ahUKEwjE2dq55pnqAhVXAqYKHTj3Bi
8QMygEegUIARCvAQ

5. Zygote: During fertilization, the nuclei of the sperm and the egg are fused to form a
single nucleus. This fertilized egg is called zygote.

4
 6. Embryo: The zygote divides repeatedly to give rise to a ball of cells. The cells begin to
differentiate into various tissues. This developing structure is called an embryo.

7. Viviparous: Animals such as human beings, cows and dogs which give birth to young
ones are called Viviparous animals.

https://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lifewithdogs.tv%2Fwp-
content%2Fuploads%2F2014%2F11%2F11.13.14-Cow-and-Dog-Are-Madly-in-
Love1.jpg&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lifewithdogs.tv%2F2014%2F11%2Fdog-and-cow-are-madly-in-
love%2F&tbnid=gUT15qTzafq4qM&vet=12ahUKEwjZsrDjopzqAhUNgpQKHZR2CKkQMygLegUIARC7AQ..i&docid=2ZXyXviXh
MhWlM&w=954&h=513&q=cows%20and%20dogs%20pictures%20together&ved=2ahUKEwjZsrDjopzqAhUNgpQKHZR2CKkQ
MygLegUIARC7AQ

8. Oviparous: Animals such as hen, frog and butterfly which lay eggs are called Oviparous
animals.

https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2388444/How-drugs-pumped-supermarket-chickens-pose-terrifying-threat-
health.html

https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/788411478494152995/

5
https://sciencing.com/reptiles-amphibians-alike-6672663.html

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thisawfulawesomelife.com%2Fhome%2F2018%2F3%2F15
%2Fattract-bees-birds-and-butterflies-to-your-yard-and-keep-mosquitoes-away-by-fran-joyce-
bd63t&psig=AOvVaw3u_xFAE8LphuMJE_PxMNWS&ust=1593066230502000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAIQjR
xqFwoTCODK4LDomeoCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAK

Butterflies - Reproduction - Mate, Courtship, Species, and ...

science.jrank.org › pages › Butterflies-Reproduction
Reproduction in butterflies begins with courtship, during which the male vigorously flaps
its wings, releasing a dust of microscopic scales carrying pheromones above the female's
antennae. These male pheromones act as a sexual stimulant to the female. Some males release
additional pheromones from "hair pencils" under the abdomen. Female butterflies that are
ready to mate dispense with courtship. Males usually must wait one or two days after emerging
from the chrysalis before they can mate, but then they may mate many times. Females can mate
immediately after emerging, some species mating several times. However, it is the last male to
mate that fertilizes the eggs. Females of some species mate once only.

9. Metamorphosis: The drastic change which transforms a larva into an adult is called
Metamorphosis.
The process of developing from a larva to the recognizable adult form is
called metamorphosis. Most insects go through some form of metamorphosis. In some insect
species, the transition to adulthood involves relatively minor changes, but, in the majority of
species, it is a drastic and profound transformation.

6
 https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usgs.gov%2Fcenters%2Fwetland-and-aquatic-research-center-
warc%2Fscience%2Frelative-sensitivity-adult-mosquitoes-
and&psig=AOvVaw3u_xFAE8LphuMJE_PxMNWS&ust=1593066230502000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAIQjRxqFwoTCODK4L
DomeoCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAD

10. Asexual Reproduction: A reproduction does not need one male and female parent to
produce an offspring. A single parent organism simply makes identical copies of itself
Asexual reproduction occurs in prokaryotic microorganisms (bacteria and archaea) and in
many eukaryotic, single-celled and multi-celled organisms. There are several ways that animals
reproduce asexually, the details of which vary among individual species.

a. Fission Fission, also called binary fission, occurs in some invertebrate, multi-celled
organisms. It is in some ways analogous to the process of binary fission of single-celled
prokaryotic organisms. The term fission is applied to instances in which an organism appears
to split itself into two parts and, if necessary, regenerate the missing parts of each new
organism. For example, species of turbellarian flatworms commonly called the planarians, such
as Dugesia dorotocephala, are able to separate their bodies into head and tail regions and then
regenerate the missing half in each of the two new organisms. Sea anemones (Cnidaria), such
as species of the genus Anthopleura (Figure 13.2), will divide along the oral-aboral axis, and
sea cucumbers (Echinodermata) of the genus Holothuria, will divide into two halves across the
oral-aboral axis and regenerate the other half in each of the resulting individuals.

13.2 The Anthopleura artemisia sea anemone can reproduce through fission.

7
 b. Binary Fission:
Occurs when a parent animal simply dividing itself into two. This type of
asexual reproduction is called splitting.

Fig. 9.10.(a) (b) (c) (d) Binary fission in Amoeba

The type of reproduction in which only a single parent is involved .

C . Budding: Happens when an outgrowth of the parent animal develops into a new
animal. In hydra, new individuals develop from buds. This method of asexual production is
called budding.

Bud: A lateral outgrowth from the parent body that assumes the shape of parent

bud

What’s More

Identify the science concept being described in the following statements.

_________1 . Takes place when sex cells of two parent animals unite to new form a new
organism.
_________2. Another term for sex cells.
_________3 . Fertilization that happens when sperm cells are released into the body of the
female animal.
_________4.An example of an animal that undergoes external fertilization.

8
_________5 .The sex cell of a male animal.
_________6 . The sex cell of a female animal.
_________7 . Another term for fertilized egg.
_________8 . Fertilization that takes place when the union of the sex cells happens outside
the body.

What I Have Learned

A. In the table below are lists of animals. Identify if they reproduce through internal
or external fertilization by checking the correct column.
Type of Fertilization

Name of Animal Internal External

Fertilization Fertilization
1. carabao
2. toad
3. maya
4. salmon
5. tilapia
6. goat
7. horse
8 . bangus
9.rabbit
10.sardine
11. tiger
12. tamaraw
13 . tuna
14. butterfly
15. mosquito

9
 B. Complete the concept map

Asexual Reproduction

Budding Binary Fission

______________________________ _____________________________

Example 1 Example 2 Example 1 Example 2

What I Can Do
Reflect and answer the following questions briefly:
1. How do animals reproduce asexually and sexually?
2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of sexual and asexual reproduction?
3. In how many ways, the new individuals are produced by their parents?

Summary

asexual reproduction: a mechanism that produces offspring that are genetically identical to
the parent
budding: a form of asexual reproduction that results from the outgrowth of a part of an
organism leading to a separation from the original animal into two individuals
external fertilization: the fertilization of eggs by sperm outside an animal’s body, often during
spawning
fission: (also, binary fission) a form of asexual reproduction in which an organism splits into
two separate organisms or two parts that regenerate the missing portions of the body
10
fragmentation: the breaking of an organism into parts and the growth of a separate individual
from each part
hermaphroditism: the state of having both male and female reproductive structures within the
same individual
internal fertilization: the fertilization of eggs by sperm inside the body of the female
oviparity: a process by which fertilized eggs are laid outside the female’s body and develop
there, receiving nourishment from the yolk that is a part of the egg
ovoviparity: a process by which fertilized eggs are retained within the female; the embryo
obtains its nourishment from the egg’s yolk, and the young are fully developed when they are
hatched
parthenogenesis: a form of asexual reproduction in which an egg develops into a complete
individual without being fertilized
sex determination: the mechanism by which the sex of individuals in sexually reproducing
organisms is initially established
sexual reproduction: a form of reproduction in which cells containing genetic material from
two individuals combines to produce genetically unique offspring
viviparity: a process in which the young develop within the female and are born in a
nonembryonic state

Assessment: (Post-Test)
Identify the science concept being described in the following statements.

_________1 . Takes place when sex cells of two parent animals unite to new
form a new organism.

_________2. Another term for sex cells

_________3 . Fertilization that happens when sperm cells are released into
the body of the female animal.
_________4.An example of an animal that undergoes external fertilization.

_________5 .The sex cell of a male animal.

_________6 . The sex cell of a female animal.

_________7 . Another term for fertilized egg.

_________8 . Fertilization that takes place when the union of the sex cells
happens outside the body.

11
In the table below are lists of animals. Identify if they reproduce through internal or
external fertilization by checking the correct column.
Type of Fertilization

Name of Animal Internal External

Fertilization Fertilization

1 . carabao

2. toad

3. maya

4. salmon

5. tilapia

6. goat

7. horse
8 . bangus

9.rabbit

10.sardine

11. tiger

12. tamaraw

13 . tuna

14. butterfly

15. mosquito

12
 Complete the concept map

Asexual Reproduction

Budding Binary Fission

.

______________________________ _____________________________

Example 1 Example 2 Example 1 Example 2

Indicate whether the following statements are True (T) or False (F):
1.Oviparous animals give birth to young ones
2.Each sperm is a single cell.
3.External fertilization takes place in frog.
4.A new human individual develops from a cell called gamete.
5.Egg laid after fertilization is made up of a single cell.
6.Amoeba reproduces by budding.
7.Fertilization is necessary even in asexual reproduction.
8.Binary fission is a method of asexual reproduction.
9.A zygote is formed as a result of fertilization.
10. An embryo is made up of a single cell.

13
Answer the following questions

Q. 1. Give two examples of oviparous animals.

Q. 2. What do you know by oviparous animals?
Q. 3. Give two examples of viviparous animals.
Q. 4. What are viviparous animals?
Q. 5. Name the male and female gametes produced by the testes and ovaries.
Q. 6. What is Fertilization?
Q. 7. What is the other name of the fertilized egg?
Q. 8. What is the internal fertilization?.
Q. 9. Give the names of two animals in which internal Fertilization occurs.
Q. 10. Define metamorphosis.
Q. 11. Give the names of two animals in which external Fertilization occurs..
Q. 12. How a zygote is changed into an embryo?
Q. 13. What is fetus?
Q. 14. Define external fertilization.
Q. 15. What is sexual reproduction?
Q. 16. Name the two modes by which animals reproduce.
Q. 17. What is asexual reproduction?.
Q. 18. What is binary fission?
Q. 19. Differentiate asexual and asexual production of animals.
Q. 20. What are the advantages and disadvantages of sexual and asexual reproduction?
Q. 21. In how many ways, the new individuals are produced by their parents?
Q. 22. What is sexual reproduction?
Q. 23. What is budding?

14