Ley Biot

MAGNETIC FIELD OF SINGLE COILS /
BIOT-SAVART'S LAW.
Zuluaga Victoria1, Peluffo Mayerlis .2, Franco Valeria .3
1
Universidad de Cartagena, Colombia.
ABSTRACT:
In this practice we highlight the importance of the Biot-Savart law in understanding magnetic phenomena
and their application in various areas of physics and engineering. It also suggests possible improvements
in the experimental design for future research. The results obtained are analyzed, compared with the
expected theoretical values and a percentage of error 0,015% was obtained. It is concluded that the
experiment supports the Biot-Savart law and provides experimental evidence of the relationship between
electric current and magnetic field.
KEYWORDS: electric current, magnetic, spire, percentage of error and magnetic.

2. EXPERIMENTAL DETAILS
1.INTRODUCCION
The magnetic fields of the simple coils are the
The magnetic field is produced by the electric result of the electrical current that circulates
current flowing through a conductor. To through them. During practice, the effects of
determine the expression of the magnetic field varying different parameters on the generated
produced by a current, two laws are used: The magnetic field are explored. Some of these
Biot-Savart law and the Ampère law. The parameters include the current flowing through
physicist Jean Biot deduced in 1820 an equation the coil, the number of turns of wire in the coil,
that allows to calculate the magnetic field B and the distance between the coil and the
created by a circuit of any type of distribution measurement point.
traveled by a current of intensity I.
The law of Biot - Savart can be written in vector

and differential form, to conductors of any shape
and length; We assume that the total magnetic
field B is due to the contribution of conductor
elements dl considered as a vector in the direction
and direction of the current.
1
3. ANALYSIS AND RESULTS
20 8,0
Important information: 21 7,3
➢ r= 7,5cm 22 5,4
➢ n= 540 laps
𝝁𝒐 𝒏
23 3,2
➢ B= 𝟐𝒓 24 1,8
➢ theoretical value of μ0 = 1,26𝑥10 −6
25 1,1
26 0,7
I. We took values from z=0cm being the
27 0,5
lowest point and measured the value of Bt
(Mt), so we calculated the highest value to 28 0,3
return to the initial point in Bt. Table 1.
Z (cm) Bt (mT)
10
0,3 8
Bt (Mt)
1 0,4 6
4
2 0,6 2
3 0,8 0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
4 1,4 Z (mT)
5 2,6
6 4,7
Biot-Savart’s law states that the magnetic field
7 6,7 created by a current element is proportional to
8 8,0 the electric current and the length vector that
connects the current element to the point in
9 8,7 space where the magnetic field is evaluated.
10 9,2 Mathematically, it is expressed as follows:
11 9,3 dB = (μ /4π) * (I * dL x r) / r³
12 9,5
where dB is the infinitesimal element of the
13 9,5 magnetic field, μ is the magnetic permeability of
14 9,5 the vacuum, I is the electric current, dL is the
length element running through the current, r is
15 9,5 the length vector connecting the current element
16 9,4 to the evaluation point, and "x" represents the
product1.
17 9,2
II. we did a value take where we can see the
18 8,2
graph change as the function increases as we
19 8,3 increase the amperage.
2
I (A) Bt (mT) 𝟒. 𝟒𝟖𝒙𝟏𝟎−𝟑 𝒙 𝟏𝟓𝒙𝟏𝟎−𝟐
1,45 5,8 𝝁𝒐 =
𝟓𝟒𝟎
1,6 63
1,65 6,6
𝑻 .𝑴
1,75 7,0 𝝁𝒐 = 1.24x 10-6 𝑨
1,83 7,3
1,92 7,6 finally, we calculate the percentage of error,
2,02 8,1 comparing the theoretical value to the
Table 2.
experimental.
%error de 𝝁𝒐
𝟏.𝟐𝟒𝒙𝟏𝟎−𝟔 −𝟏,𝟐𝟔𝒙𝟏𝟎−𝟔
= 𝒙𝟏𝟎𝟎
𝟏,𝟐𝟔𝒙𝟏𝟎−𝟔
%𝑬𝒓𝒓𝒐𝒓 = 𝟎, 𝟎𝟏𝟓%
4. CONCLUSION
➢ The magnetic field in a straight conductor

Graphic 2. relation between Bt and I is directly proportional to the applied
To confirm the law of Biot-savant we will current, there is a linear dependence
perform the following calculations: between the two magnitudes.
➢ The magnetic field of the straight
➢ First, we calculate the slope (m). conductor also showed an inverse
proportionality with respect to the
𝒚𝟐−𝒚𝟏 distance of the same.
m=𝒎𝟐−𝒎𝟏 ➢ In the spiral, the direct relationship
points (0, 0.3); (21, 0.5) between the magnetic field and the
current of the same is observed, but in
𝟖.𝟏−𝟓.𝟖
m= = 4.48 terms of distance the opposite situation is
𝟐.𝟎𝟐−𝟏.𝟒𝟓
presented.
➢ Second, the value found for the slope will ➢ There is a relationship between the
be used to calculate μo. current, distance and magnetic field of a
coil of air, in the case of current, the
relationship is direct, contrary to that
𝝁𝒐 𝒏 which occurs with distance.
B= 𝟐𝒓 ➢ A very low error rate was obtained,
implying that the data collection and
in this case, B takes the slope value. calculations were carried out correctly.
𝝁𝒐 𝒏
4.48= 5. REFERENCES
𝟐𝒓
Campo magnético en bobinas de Helmholtz con teslámetro
| PHYWE. (s. f.).
𝟒. 𝟒𝟖 𝒙 𝟐𝒓
𝝁𝒐 = https://www.phywe.com/es/experimentos-
𝒏 sets/experimentos-universitarios/campo-magnetico-en-
bobinas-de-helmholtz-con-teslametro_10684_11615/
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MAGNETIC FIELD OF SINGLE COILS /

KEYWORDS: electric current, magnetic, spire, percentage of error and magnetic.

The law of Biot - Savart can be written in vector

➢ The magnetic field in a straight conductor

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