Senior High School

Personal
Development
Quarter 1 – Module 1:
Knowing Oneself
Personal Development – Grade 12
Quarter 1 – Module 1: Knowing Oneself
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in
any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the
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Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand

names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective
copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use
these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors
do not represent nor claim ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Developer/ Contextualizer: Anna Hazel A. Vasaya and John Paul J. Kapuno

Editors/Reviewers: Alice Ganar, Roy Guarin, John Paul Lesondato,

Marilou de la Cuesta, Daisy Von Dy and
Florinda Geyrozaga

Management Team:
Dr. Rhea Mar A. Angtud, Ed.D
Schools Division Superintendent

Grecia Bataluna
Chief, Curriculum Instruction Division

Dr.Luis Derasin Jr.

EPS-Araling Panlipunan/ Division SHS Coordinator

Mrs. Vanessa Harayo, LLB.

Division EPS In-Charge of LRMDS

Department of Education – Schools Division of Cebu City, Region VII

Office Address: New Imus Road, Day-as, Cebu City

Philippines
Telefax: 032-2551516
E-mail Address: cebu.city@deped.gov.ph
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Personal
Development
Quarter 1 – Module 1:
Knowing Oneself
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Personal Development Module on Knowing Oneself!

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators from
public institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping the learners
meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal,
social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their
needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage
their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

For the learner:

Welcome to the Personal Development Module on Knowing Oneself!

The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a learner
is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant competencies and
skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in your own hands!
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to
process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link

the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the

lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank

sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will

help you transfer your new knowledge or skill
into real life situations or concerns.

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your

level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given

to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned. This also tends retention of
learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.
At the end of this module, you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing

this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
 FIRST QUARTER
MODULE 1, WEEK 1
KNOWING ONESELF

Content Standard : The learner demonstrates an understanding of himself

or herself during middle and late adolescents.
Performance Standard : The learner shall be able to conduct self- exploration
and simple disclosure.
Learning Outcomes : Upon completion of the module, the student is expected
(Syllabus) to conduct a self-concept inventory and share their
unique characteristics, habits and experiences.
Competencies : 1. Explain that knowing oneself can make a person
(MELC) accept his/her strengths and limitations and dealing
with others better.
2. share his/her unique characteristics, habits, and
experiences.
Competency Code : Esp-PD11/12KO-Ia-1.1, EsP-PD11/12-Ia-1.2

What I Know

Let us try to check how far you have known about yourself in the past by
answering these few questions. You may write your answers in any size of paper.
Just write the letter of your correct answer.
1. The following are elements of self except ___________.
a. body b. curiosity c. emotions d. sensations
2. The philosopher who said that the beginning of knowledge is self-
knowledge___________.
a. Plato b. Rumi c. Socrates d. Walt Whitman
3. The transition period from childhood to adulthood is _________.
a. adolescence b. adulthood c. childhood d. puberty
4. The union of different elements that constitute individuality and identity of a
person is ______.
a. body b. emotion c. self d. sensation
5. It is the ability to reflect and think about your own thoughts, feelings, actions
is called ________.
a. actualization b. awareness c. introspection d. reflection

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 6. The following are the characteristics of a teenager who is aware of his or her
strengths except __________.
a. competent b. dependable c. emotionally mature d. shy
7. Which is not a characteristic of a self-actualized person?
a. open-minded b. pessimistic c. concern d. realistic to self and others
8. You may further develop your knowledge and skills through ________
a. effective time management c. effective study habits
b. stress management programs d. all of the above
9.Physical attributes and the psychological make-up of a person are due to ___
A. environmental factors B. heredity
a. Only letter A is correct c. Either A or B is correct
b. Only letter B is correct d. Both letters A and B are correct
10. Listening to the feedback of others is important because ______.
a. their ideas are better than yours
b. it is difficult to describe who you really are
c. you cannot trust your own judgement about yourself
d. it allows you to validate your perception about yourself

Time is up..! Let us see if your answers are correct as you explore
this module. And your journey starts now…..

What I Need to Know

Welcome Senior High School students to this module…your journey towards

knowing yourself better as a person. This module will guide you in recognizing your
strengths and weaknesses and soon after acquiring self-confidence that you need for
self-development.
Isn’t it exciting, right? So, for you to further understand the entire lesson of
the module, let me share to you the learning objectives of this module. At the end of
this lesson, you can:
▪ explain that knowing yourself can make you accept your strengths and
limitations and deal with other people better
▪ share your unique characteristics, habits, and experiences.

What’s In
Hello senior high school students! It is time to know each other. I would like
you to write about yourself by answering the following basic questions:
1. What is your name?
2. Where do you live?
3. When is your birthday?
4. Who are your parents?
5 minutes is given for you to answer those questions. Your answers to those
questions would tell who you are based on the basic information. But, do you really

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know more about who you are as a person? Let us start your journey towards
knowing yourself better.

What’s New

Activity 1: My Unique Self-Draw a Symbol

Before you discover yourself more, I would like you to know yourself first by
doing this first activity. Just follow the instructions given below .
In a short bond paper, draw and label your individual uniqueness.

Suggested rubric for grading the activity:

Components/
5 3 2
Score
Reflection and The drawing The drawing The student clearly
Knowledge represents a clear represents a did not understand
understanding of somewhat clear the information. The
the information understanding of drawing is not a
presented the material representative of the
knowledge gained
Basic Skills The drawing Drawing contains Drawing lacks
exhibits attention many strong detail. Little effort in
to detail and a elements but work and appears
variety of drawing needs further improvised and
techniques refinement and looks incomplete. No
fine-turning. Only variety in drawing
a few drawing techniques.
techniques used.
Shading/Realism Shading is well Drawing is shaded Shading is not
done with defined but need a few complete or not
attention to detail. finishing touches present at all. The
Objects appear in order for the drawing has an
real. drawing to be incomplete look.
realistic looking.
Layout/ Layout and The drawing has a Elements of the
Proportion proportion are few areas that material are out of
properly sketched. need further place and/or out of
refinement in proportion.
order for the
material to look
proportional/
natural.
Score 20 12 8
Taken from: https://www.scribd.com/document/164851874/Drawing-Rubrics-General

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 What is It
Adolescence period is considered as a challenging stage in one’s life because
it is the transition phase from childhood to adulthood. Although most individuals
pass through adolescence without excessively high levels of "storm and stress," many
have experience trouble or difficulty. Why? Is there something unique about this
developmental period that puts adolescents at risk for difficulty? Some of the negative
psychological changes associated with adolescent development result from a
mismatch between the needs of developing adolescents and the opportunities
afforded them by their social environments (Eccles, et al.) In this note, it is important
to know better yourself so as not to experience such trouble.

Defining the Concept of the Self

According to Plato, the

beginning of knowledge is self-
knowledge. Other ancient philosophers
define self in many ways but today, let
us talk about the concept of the self.
Self is the union of elements that
constitute individuality and identity of
a person, namely:
• body- constitute your
Photo retrieved 07/20/2020 @ https://medium.com/the-
physical attributes, your ascent/the-importance-of-knowing-oneself-and-3-ways-to-do-
health, and your posture so-bcbfac002aed

and poise;
• thoughts- the way you think, and how you perceive things around you;
• feelings or emotions- how you feel about the things around you; and
• sensations- a widespread reaction of interest and excitement about
something.
The union of these elements makes up your character or personality and
essentially distinguishes you from others. No two individuals are exactly alike thus,
YOU are UNIQUE...! and that makes you special. Self-awareness starts with
assessing yourself so, to further know yourself, it is important to pause for a while
and analyze what you feel, think, and do. Your ability to reflect and think about your
own thoughts, feelings, actions is called introspection which is essential in
understanding and improving yourself.
Your physical attributes such as height, skin complexion, temperament and
the likes may be inherited from your parents. On the other hand, the environment
where you grow and the people around you may contribute as well in your attitude
like how you behave on a given situation. Furthermore, environment and hereditary
factors have contributed in the physical attributes and psychological makeup of a
person.

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Identifying Your Strengths and Weaknesses
No one is perfect. Everyone has their
weaknesses and limitations just like
you right? Thus, it is never good to
compare oneself with others because it
will only cause frustrations as there
will always individuals gifted with more
traits and qualities. To avoid
discontentment and dissatisfaction, it
is better to focus on what one has. As
Photo retrieved 07/20/2020 @ others would say “positive lang bawal
https://www.canstockphoto.com/illustration/weakn
ess.html ang nega”.

Identifying your strength and weaknesses can provide you with more
information about yourself. In determining your strengths, you will become:
1. more empowered to do developmental tasks such as capable of
establishing mature relationships with others, emotional independent,
demonstrate responsible behaviors;
2. equipped with skills essential in making wise decisions in life;
3. able to analyze complex situations logically and sensibly; and finally
4. more confident in doing your tasks and become more competent in
achieving your goals.
On the other side, knowing your weaknesses gives you the chance to know
your limitations and so you can identify situations where you have to say no to a
certain situation you are into. Perhaps you can already identify your weaknesses,
but the challenge is, what do you do with these limitations? Remember that becoming
more aware of your weaknesses is just a starting point of self-development. You must
find ways to enhance your capabilities and transforming your weaknesses into
strength. How? Read some tips below:
1. accept your weaknesses and limitations as a person;
2. keep on trying especially on the things you think you are weak;
3. develop your knowledge and skills by improving your study habits and
keep doing the skills you are good at;
4. acknowledge your little successes and achievements; and
5. develop positive attitudes or outlook in dealing with life’s challenges.

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Please read the text below for you to work on your weaknesses and build your
strengths.

BUILD ON YOUR STRENGTHS AND WORK ON YOUR WEAKNESSES

Most failures emanate from weaknesses that are not recognized or probably
recognized but not given appropriate attention or remedy. This could be a weakness
in communications, personality or ability. Instead of giving up or indulging in self-
pity, take action. Go for speech lessons, get skills upgrading, attend personality
development sessions or whatever appropriate remedies to your perceived weakness.
Instead of simply focusing on your weaknesses, recognize your own talents
and abilities, build on them, utilize them to your greatest advantage. This is where
you can build your name and popularity. Handicapped people like Jose Feliciano and
other blind singers did not brood over their physical handicap. They recognized that
they have a golden voice so they search for ways to enrich that talent and now they have
won international fame in the field of music.
Source: Roldan, Amelia S. 2003. On Becoming a Winner: A Workbook on Personality Development and Character
Building. AR Skills Development and Management Services (SDMS), Paranaque City, Metro Manila. (DepEd Personal
Development Module page 5-6)

Remember that it is in understanding yourself that you become more capable

of actualizing your potentials to the fullest.

What’s More

Activity 2: SELF-CONCEPT INVENTORY

Instruction: Take a look at your own self-concept and answer the following self-
concept inventory in your journal. Give yourself a rating using the scale: 0 = very
weak; 1 = weak; 2 = somewhat weak or somewhat strong; 3 = strong; 4 = very strong.
Write your answers in your journal notebook.

___1. I have strong sex appeal.

___2. I am proud of my physical figure.
___3. I am physically attractive and beautiful/handsome.
___4. I exude with charm and poise.
___5. I am easy to get along with.
___6. I can adjust to different people and different situations.
___7. I am approachable; other people are at ease and comfortable with me.
___8. I am lovable and easy to love.
___9. I am a fast learner, can understand with one instruction.
___10. I am intelligent.
___11. I have special talents and abilities.
___12. I can easily analyze situations and make right judgments.
___13. I can be trusted in any transaction.

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___14. I have a clean conscience and carry no guilty feeling.
___15. I have integrity and good reputation.
___16. My friends and classmates can look up to me as a model worth emulating.
___17. I can express my ideas without difficulty.
___18. I talk in a persuasive manner that I can easily get people to accept what I say.
___19. I can express my ideas in writing without difficulty.
___20. I am a good listener.
___21. I am emotionally stable and not easily rattled when faced with trouble.
___22. I am logical and rational in my outlook and decisions.
___23. I feel and act with confidence.
___24. I am a mature person.

Scoring: Copy this table in your journal. Write your score opposite to each number
and get the subtotal.
Physical appeal Human Relations Intelligence
1 __________ 5 __________ 9 __________
2 __________ 6 __________ 10 __________
3 __________ 7 __________ 11 __________
4 __________ 8 __________ 12 __________
Subtotal: Subtotal: Subtotal:
Character Communications Maturity
13 __________ 17 __________ 21 __________
14 __________ 18 __________ 22 __________
15 __________ 19 __________ 23 __________
16 __________ 20 __________ 24 __________
Subtotal: Subtotal: Subtotal:
Source: Roldan, Amelia S. (2003). On Becoming a Winner: A Workbook on Personality Development and Character
Building. AR Skills Development and Management Services (SDMS), Paranaque City, Metro Manila. (DepEd Personal
Development Module page 1-2)

What I have Learned

Activity 3: SELF- REFLECTION

From the result of your self-concept inventory, interpret your own result by
considering the information below.
How do you perceive yourself?
Look at the results of your self-concept inventory and answer the following
questions.
1. In what areas do you consider yourself strong (with score 14-16) or
somewhat weak (with score of 10-13) and very weak (with score below 10).
2. Are these qualities you consider as your weakness, but to other people
consider as your strength? What are these?
Source: Roldan, Amelia S. (2003). On Becoming a Winner: A Workbook on Personality Development and Character
Building. AR Skills Development and Management Services (SDMS), Paranaque City, Metro Manila. (DepEd Personal
Development Module page 2)

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Suggested rubric for grading reflection/essay activity.
Component/ 4 3 2
Score
Organization Information in Information Reader has the
logical, interesting presents a logical difficulty following
sequence which sequence which work because student
reader can follow. reader can follow. jumps around.
Content Student Student is at ease Content and concepts
Knowledge demonstrate fullwith the content are not well
knowledge (more but fails to demonstrated.
than required). elaborate.
Grammar Presentation has Presentation has no Presentation has no
and Spelling no misspelling or more than two more than three
grammatical error. misspellings misspellings and/or
and/or grammatical errors.
grammatical errors.
Neatness Work is neatly Work has one or Work has three or four
done. two areas that sloppy.
sloppy.
Score 20 12 8
Taken from https://sites.google.com/a/une.edu/hgeo/home/2-the-middle-
east/tuesdayfebruary23/middle-east-project/rubric/Picture%207.png

What I can Do

Activity 4: SELF- IMAGE

Instruction: Read the text below and write your answers to the questions in
your journal notebook. Please refer the rubric above.

Example: A lady can say “I`m ugly” yet other consider her very charming. Or
conversely, one can have the illusion of saying “I am very intelligent or competent”
when most of his ideas sound unreasonable or illogical to most of the people. There
is indeed a big difference between what you see in yourself (real self-image) and
what is projected in the eyes of the others (your social image).
1. How realistic is your self- image?
2. To what extent does it reflect your real self?
Source: Roldan, Amelia S. (2003). On Becoming a Winner: A Workbook on Personality Development and Character
Building. AR Skills Development and Management Services (SDMS), Paranaque City, Metro Manila. (DepEd Personal
Development Module page 2)

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 Assessment

How are you Senior High Students? I hope that you have unlocked yourself
after exploring the module. Now, you will answer the questions below and be careful
because this is a formative assessment meaning this is graded test. Read and analyze
each item and carefully select the correct answer by writing the letter on your journal
notebook.
1. Which of the following is not an element of the self?
a. body b. curiosity c. emotions d. sensations
2. Who said that the beginning of knowledge is self-knowledge?
a. Aristotle b. Plato c. Rumi d. Socrates
3. What do you call to the transition period from childhood to adulthood?
a. Adolescence b. adulthood c. childhood d. puberty
4. What do you call to union of different elements that constitute individuality
and identity of a person?
a. body b. emotion c. self d. sensation
5. What do you call to the ability to reflect and think about our own thoughts,
feelings, actions?
a. actualization b. awareness c. introspection d. reflection
6. Which of the following is not a characteristic of a teenager who is aware of his
or her strengths?
a. competent b. dependable c. emotionally mature d. shy
7. Which is not a characteristic of a self-actualized person?
a. open-minded b. pessimistic c. concern d. realistic to self and others
8. How can you may further develop your knowledge and skills?
a. effective study habits c. none of these
b. effective time management d. both statements a and b
9. Which is not a way to enhance your capabilities?
a. develop positive outlook or attitudes
b. accept your weaknesses and limitations
c. you need to think of how others see you
d. develop your knowledge and skills by improving study habits
10. Why is listening to the feedback of others important? Because________
a. their ideas are better than yours
b. it is difficult to describe who you really are
c. you cannot trust your own judgement about yourself
d. it allows you to validate your perception about yourself
11. What do you mean to the line “No two individuals are exactly alike”?
a. twins have the same characteristics and talents
b. you can do what your father can exactly do because you have similar
characteristics
c. Your mother has fair skin complexion, and so you inherited this physical
characteristic from her
d. You may have the same qualities as your brother or sister, but there are
certain things that only you or he can do

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 12. What are the indications that you are capable of identifying your weaknesses?
A. you are more equipped with finding solutions to your problems
B. you become more capable of actualizing your potentials to the fullest
C. you can find ways to further improve your personality
a. Only statements A and B are correct c. All statements are incorrect
b. Either statement B or C is correct d. All statements are correct
13. What do you mean by assessing oneself?
A. Identifying your strengths and your weaknesses
B. Finding ways to overcome your weaknesses
a. Both statements are false c. the first statement is incorrect
b. Both statements are correct d. only the second statement is correct
14. What factors that affects the physical attributes and the psychological make-
up of a person?
A. environmental factors B. hereditary factor
a. Only letter A is correct c. Either A or B is correct
b. Only letter B is correct d. Both letters A and B are correct
15. How can we say that you know yourself more? You _____
a. tend to easily give up
b. can be easily influenced by your peers
c. can better cope with the demands of life
d. find it difficult to change your practices

Additional Activities

Activity 5: EXPRESS YOURSELF

Kudos Senior High Students you are almost done with module 1. After
knowing yourself better in this module, express yourself by writing a reflection paper.

Please see the suggested rubric under What I have Learned part for your score guide.

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 Answer Key

d 8.
10. d c 5. 15. c b 7.
9. d c 4. 14. d d 6.
8. d a 3. 13. b c 5.
7. b a 2. 12. d c 4.
6. d b 1. 11. d a 3.
What I Know 10. d b 2.
9. c b 1.
Assessment

References
Books:

Cleofe, Myreen P. (2016). Personal Development. Makati City, Philippines:

Diwa Learning Systems Inc.

Caparas, Maria Vida G. 2018. Personal Development Discovering the Key to

Success. Quezon City, Philippines: Abiva Publishing House Inc.

Personal Development Module from the Department of Education. First

Edition 2016.

Citation:
Eccles, Jacquelynne S., Carol Midgley, Allan Wigfield, Christy Miller
Buchanan, David Reuman, Constance Flanagan, and Douglas Mac Iver. n.d.
"Development during adolescence: The impact of stage-environment fit on
young adolescents' experiences in schools and in families." American
Psychologist 48 (2): 90–101. Accessed 7 2, 2020.
http://psycnet.apa.org/journals/amp/48/2/90/.
Internet:
www.canva.com

https://medium.com/the-ascent/the-importance-of-knowing-oneself-and-3-
ways-to-do-so-bcbfac002aed

https://www.scribd.com/document/164851874/Drawing-Rubrics-General

https://sites.google.com/a/une.edu/hgeo/home/2-the-middle-
east/tuesdayfebruary23/middle-east-project/rubric/Picture%207.png

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 For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education - Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR)

Ground Floor, Bonifacio Bldg., DepEd Complex

Meralco Avenue, Pasig City, Philippines 1600

Telefax: (632) 8634-1072; 8634-1054; 8631-4985

Email Address: blr.lrqad@deped.gov.ph * blr.lrpd@deped.gov.ph

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