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Pilar Technical-Vocational High School

LEARNING ACTIVITY MODULE IN ELECTRONICS – GRADE 8

NAME: _____________________________________ YEAR & SECTION: ____________________

CELL NO.: __________________________ FB ACCOUNT: ______________________________

Learning Outcome: Identify functional hand tools.

CONCEPT
Classification of Hand Tools
Basic Hand Tools

There are six general classification of basic hand tools. These are the driving tools,
soldering tools, splicing tools, cutting tools, boring tools, and the auxiliary tools. Hand tools are
identified according to their applications. These tools are specified according to job
requirements.

A. Driving Tools
1. Screwdriver - is a device specifically designed to insert and tighten, or to loosen and
remove screws. A screwdriver comprises a head or tip, which engages with a screw, a
mechanism to apply torque by rotating the tip, and some way to position and support the
screwdriver. A typical hand screwdriver comprises an approximately cylindrical handle of a
size and shape to be held by a human hand, and an axial shaft fixed to the handle, the tip of
which is shaped to fit a particular type of screw. The handle and shaft allow the screwdriver
to be positioned and supported, when rotated, to apply torque.
Handle

Head or Tip

o Slotted Screwdriver - used to drive or fasten negative slotted screws.

o Phillips Screwdriver – used to drive or fasten positive slotted screws. It is a screwdriver

2. Torx Screwdriver Set- used to drive or fasten six pointed star screws. In modern electrical
appliances, they use screws with heads of non-standard shape to prevent users of the device
from easily disassembling them.
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3. Hex (Allen Wrench) – used to drive or fasten hexagonal screws. The head has a hexagonal
hole turned by an allen key. An Allen key is a hexagonal shaped wrench bent in letter-L. The
Allen key may have been invented by American, Gilbert F. Heublein,

4. Jeweler's Screwdriver Set – is a set of small screw drivers composed of slotted and Philips
screwdrivers.

5. Socket Wrench – is a type of wrench, or tightening tool, that uses separate, removable
sockets to fit many different sizes of fittings and fasteners, most commonly nuts and bolts. It
generally includes a ratcheting mechanism that allows the nut to be tightened or loosened
with a continuous motion, rather than requiring that the wrench be removed and refitted after
each turn. Typically, a lever behind the socket switches the wrench between tightening and
loosening modes. The sockets attached to the ratchet through a square fitting that locks onto
them and come in four common sizes: 1/4 inch, 3/8 inch, 1/2 inch, and 3/4 inch.

B. Soldering Tools
a. Soldering Iron – is a device for applying heat to melt solder in attaching two metal parts. A
soldering iron is composed of a heated metal tip and an insulated handle. Heating is often
achieved electrically, by passing a current, supplied through an electrical cord, through a
heating element. For electrical work, wires are usually soldered to printed circuit boards,
other wires, or small terminals. A low-power iron (15-30 Watts) is suitable for this work.
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Some soldering irons have interchangeable tips for different types of work. Fine
round or chisel tips are typically used for electronics work. A new tip needs to be coated,
heated, and then covered with solder before its first use. This procedure is called "tinning".
The tinning forms a liquid layer which facilitates the transfer of heat to the work piece. A
dirty tip does not transfer heat well. The tip needs to be kept coated with a shiny layer of
solder by occasional wiping and applying solder directly to the tip.

b. Soldering Tool Stand – is a place of the soldering iron to keep them away from flammable
materials. The stand often also comes with a sponge and flux pot for cleaning the tip.

c. Desoldering Sucker – is the removal of solder and components from a circuit for
troubleshooting, repair purposes and to salvage components. Electronic components are
often mounted on a circuit board and it is usually desirable to avoid damaging the circuit
board, surrounding components, and the component being removed.

C. Splicing Tools
a. Long Nose – is used for holding, bending and stretching the lead of electronic component
or connecting wire.

b. Side Cutter - is a wire-cutting plier, though they are not used to grab or turn anything, but
are used to cut wire.

c. Wire Stripper - is a pair of opposing blades much like scissors or wire cutters. The addition
of a center notch makes it easier to cut the insulation without cutting the wire. This type of
wire stripper is used by rotating it around the insulation while applying pressure in order to
make a cut around the insulation. Since the insulation is not bonded to the wire, it then pulls
easily off the end.
Notch

D. Boring Tools
a. 12V Mini-Drill – is used to bore or drill hole in the printed circuit board (pcb).
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b. Portable Electric Drill – is used for boring hole/s in the plastics chassis or metal chassis
with the used of drill bits.

c. Metal Files –is a hand tool used to shape metals by grinding. A file
series of sharp, parallel ridges or teeth. Most files have a narrow, pointed tang at one
end to which a handle can be fitted.
 Flat File - are parallel in width and tapered in thickness; they are used for flat
surfaces and edges.
 Half Round File - is a taper in width and thickness, coming to a point, and are
narrower than a standard half round. Used for filing inside of rings.
 Round File - is also called rat-tail files, are gradually tapered and are used for many
tasks that require a round tool, such as enlarging round holes or cutting a scalloped
edge.

E. Cutting Tools – is used for cutting materials.

b. Hacksaw - is a saw for cutting metal. Some of them have pistol grips which keep the
hacksaw firm and easy to grip. The small hand-held hacksaws consist of a metal arch with a
handle that fits around a narrow, rigid blade. The blade has many small saw teeth along one
side. It can either be attached such that the teeth face away from the handle, resulting in
sawing action by pushing, or be attached such that the teeth face toward the handle, resulting
in sawing action by pulling. On the push stroke, the arch will bend a little, releasing the tension
on the blade. The blade is normally quite brittle, so care needs to be taken to prevent brittle
fracture of the blade.
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Pistol Grip

Blade

Handle

6. Auxiliary Tools
- Ball-peen Hammer –is a type of hammer used in metalworking. The ball-peen hammer
remains useful for many tasks such as tapping punches and chisels. The original function of the
hammer was to "peen" riveted or welded material so that it will exhibit the same elastic
behavior as the surrounding material. Specifically, striking the metal imparts a stress at the
point of impact which results in strain-hardening of that area. Strain hardening raises the
elastic limit of a material into the plastic range without affecting its ultimate strength. A strain-
hardened material will not deform under the same low stresses as a non-hardened material.
Most metals can be "worked" by such methods until they lose all of their ductile characteristics
and become strong but brittle

- Magnifying Glass – a convex lens which is used to produce a magnified image of an object. The
lens is usually mounted in a frame with a handle (see image). Roger Bacon is the original
inventor of the magnifying glass. A magnifying glass works by creating a magnified virtual
image of an object behind the lens. The distance between the lens and the object must be
shorter than the focal length of the lens for this to occur. Otherwise, the image appears
smaller and inverted, and can be used to project images onto surfaces. The framed lens may
be mounted on a stand, keeping the lens at the right distance from the table, and therefore at
the right distance from the object on the table. The latter applies if the object is small and also
if the height is adjustable. Some magnifying glasses are foldable with built-in light.

- Paint Brush – made of bristles set in handle, use for cleaning dirty parts of a circuit or an
object.
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EXERCISE 1
Direction: Classify the different kinds of hand tools according to their specification or general
types in Consumer Electronic Servicing. The number 1 is answered for you
1. Desoldering Sucker - Soldering Tool

2. Wire Splicer -

3. Side Cutter -

4. Long Nose Pliers-

5. Mini Drill-

6. Magnifying Glass-

7. Soldering Stand -

8. Long Nose -

9. Soldering Iron -

10. Portable Electric Drill - .

EXERCISE 2
Direction: Match the different hand tools with their actual pictures. Just write the number
beside the letter.
1. Desoldering Sucker 6. Portable Electric Drill
2. For soldering metal 7. For cutting metal
3. Soldering Stand 8. For cutting wires
4. Long Nose Pliers 9. Wire Splicer
5. For drilling small hole 10. Magnifying Glass
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EXERCISE 3
Direction: Identify the tool as described by the sentence. Fill in the blank space provided.
1. __________________________ is used to drive or fasten hexagonal screws.
2. __________________________ is a device for applying heat to melt solder in attaching two metal
parts. It is composed of a heated metal tip and an insulated handle.
3. __________________________ is a type of hammer used in metalworking such as tapping punches
and chisels.
4. __________________________ is a convex lens which is used to produce a magnified image of an
object.
5. __________________________ are a type of file that are parallel in width and tapered in thickness;
they are used for flat surfaces and edges.
6. __________________________ is used for holding, bending and stretching the lead of electronic
component or connecting wire.
7. __________________________ is a device specifically designed to insert and tighten, or to loosen and
remove screws.
8. __________________________ is a type of wrench, or tightening tool, that uses separate, removable
sockets to fit many different sizes of fittings and fasteners, most commonly nuts and bolts.

9. __________________________ is the removal of solder and components from a circuit for

10. _________________________ is used for boring hole/s in the plastics chassis or metal chassis with
the used of drill bits.

Prepared by:

EDGAR M. QUIMPAN
JHS- Electronics Teacher
Contact Number : 09391479693