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    CH 30 L 2 Part-1

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    Van halen
    Gas exchange occurs in the alveoli of the lungs. Oxygen diffuses from the alveoli into the blood while carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood into the alveoli. This diffusion is driven by concentration gradients and occurs through the alveoli walls and the surrounding capillaries. Red blood cells pick up oxygen in the lungs and deliver it to tissues throughout the body, binding the oxygen to hemoglobin. After delivering oxygen, the red blood cells then pick up carbon dioxide from tissues and bring it back to the lungs to be exhaled. Respiratory diseases can interfere with this gas exchange process.

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    CH 30 L 2 Part-1

    Uploaded by

    Van halen
    29 views9 pages
    Gas exchange occurs in the alveoli of the lungs. Oxygen diffuses from the alveoli into the blood while carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood into the alveoli. This diffusion is driven by concentration gradients and occurs through the alveoli walls and the surrounding capillaries. Red blood cells pick up oxygen in the lungs and deliver it to tissues throughout the body, binding the oxygen to hemoglobin. After delivering oxygen, the red blood cells then pick up carbon dioxide from tissues and bring it back to the lungs to be exhaled. Respiratory diseases can interfere with this gas exchange process.

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    Ch 30 L 2 Part-1

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    Gas exchange occurs in the alveoli of the lungs. Oxygen diffuses from the alveoli into the blood while carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood into the alveoli. This diffusion is driven by concentration gradients and occurs through the alveoli walls and the surrounding capillaries. Red blood cells pick up oxygen in the lungs and deliver it to tissues throughout the body, binding the oxygen to hemoglobin. After delivering oxygen, the red blood cells then pick up carbon dioxide from tissues and bring it back to the lungs to be exhaled. Respiratory diseases can interfere with this gas exchange process.

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    29 views9 pages

    CH 30 L 2 Part-1

    Uploaded by

    Van halen
    Gas exchange occurs in the alveoli of the lungs. Oxygen diffuses from the alveoli into the blood while carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood into the alveoli. This diffusion is driven by concentration gradients and occurs through the alveoli walls and the surrounding capillaries. Red blood cells pick up oxygen in the lungs and deliver it to tissues throughout the body, binding the oxygen to hemoglobin. After delivering oxygen, the red blood cells then pick up carbon dioxide from tissues and bring it back to the lungs to be exhaled. Respiratory diseases can interfere with this gas exchange process.

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    30.

    2 Respiration and Gas Exchange

    Ch 30 L 2 Respiration and Gas Exchange


    Part 1
    30.2 Respiration and Gas Exchange
    Objectives
    • Summarize gas exchange in the lungs.
    • Describe how respiratory diseases interfere with gas
    exchange.
    30.2 Respiration and Gas Exchange
    Gas exchange occurs in the alveoli of the lungs.
    • Recall that the cells in your body carry out cellular
    respiration, which requires O2 and produces CO2 as
    a waste product.
    • Thus, every cell in the body needs O2 and must get
    rid of CO2.
    • However, the alveoli and their capillaries are the only
    places where gas exchange with the atmosphere
    occurs.
    • The lungs bring in a steady supply of O2 and expel
    excess CO2.
    • Gas exchange in the lungs is based on three
    principles:
    1. O2 and CO2 are carried by the blood.
    2. Gases move by diffusion—that is, they move from an
    area of higher concentration to an area of lower
    concentration.
    3. The lining of the alveoli must be moist to help gases
    diffuse.
    30.2 Respiration and Gas Exchange
    Diffusion of O2 and CO2
    • In the alveoli, the respiratory and circulatory systems come together in the
    process of gas exchange.
    • When you inhale, air flows from the bronchi to the bronchioles and finally to the
    alveoli.
    • Each alveolus is about the size of a grain of sand, but all of the alveoli together
    give the lungs a surface area of about 100 square meters.
    • Without this huge area for gas exchange, the lungs would be unable to extract
    enough O2 from the air to keep you alive.
    ALVEOLI

    capillaries
    30.2 Respiration and Gas Exchange
    Diffusion of O2 and CO2
    • A complex network of capillaries surrounds and penetrates the alveoli.
    • Blood entering these capillaries contains a lower concentration of O2 than does
    the air in the alveoli.
    • As a result, the O2 diffuses from an area of high concentration in the alveoli to
    an area of low concentration in the capillaries.
    • The blood in the capillaries contain red blood cells, a type of cell that picks up
    oxygen in the lungs and delivers it to all of the body’s cells.
    GAS EXCHANGES
    capillary
    alveolus

    Co2 diffuses
    into alveolus. co2

    o2 O2 diffuses
    into blood.
    30.2 Respiration and Gas Exchange
    Diffusion of O2 and CO2
    • In red blood cells, most of the O2
    molecules bind to an iron-rich protein
    called hemoglobin.
    • Each molecule of hemoglobin binds with
    four O2 molecules.
    • The iron in hemoglobin is what gives
    blood its reddish color.
    • Blood becomes bright red only when it
    absorbs oxygen. GAS EXCHANGES
    • The blood leaving the alveoli carries
    capillary
    almost three times the amount of O2 that alveolus
    it had coming into the lungs.
    Co2 diffuses
    into alveolus. co2

    o2 O2 diffuses
    into blood.
    30.2 Respiration and Gas Exchange
    Diffusion of O2 and CO2
    • ​In contrast, CO2 concentrations are higher in the blood than in the alveoli.
    • As a result, CO2 diffuses into the alveoli.
    • The higher concentration of CO2 in the blood is due to the fact that every
    cell produces CO2 and water as waste products.
    • The CO2 and water combine in the blood to form the compound carbonic
    acid.
    • The more carbonic acid there is in the blood, the more acidic the blood
    becomes.
    GAS EXCHANGES
    • When carbonic acid diffuses into the capillary
    alveoli, the compound separates into alveolus

    CO2 and water, which are exhaled.​


    Co2 diffuses
    into alveolus. co2

    o2 O2 diffuses
    into blood.
    30.2 Respiration and Gas Exchange
    H.W.
    • Read pages 856 and 866.
    • Solve worksheet 1.
    30.2 Respiration and Gas Exchange

    THANK YOU

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