Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 7 views

    Cell Division

    Uploaded by

    Al Francisco
    The cell cycle is a series of events that cells undergo as they grow and divide. It consists of interphase and cell division. Interphase includes gap phases G1 and G2, S phase where DNA is replicated, and G0 phase where cells stop dividing. Mitosis then occurs, involving prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase where the genetic material is separated into two identical daughter cells, followed by cytokinesis where the cell cytoplasm divides.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Cell Division

    Uploaded by

    Al Francisco
    7 views19 pages
    The cell cycle is a series of events that cells undergo as they grow and divide. It consists of interphase and cell division. Interphase includes gap phases G1 and G2, S phase where DNA is replicated, and G0 phase where cells stop dividing. Mitosis then occurs, involving prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase where the genetic material is separated into two identical daughter cells, followed by cytokinesis where the cell cytoplasm divides.

    Original Title

    CELL-DIVISION.pptx

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The cell cycle is a series of events that cells undergo as they grow and divide. It consists of interphase and cell division. Interphase includes gap phases G1 and G2, S phase where DNA is replicated, and G0 phase where cells stop dividing. Mitosis then occurs, involving prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase where the genetic material is separated into two identical daughter cells, followed by cytokinesis where the cell cytoplasm divides.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    7 views19 pages

    Cell Division

    Uploaded by

    Al Francisco
    The cell cycle is a series of events that cells undergo as they grow and divide. It consists of interphase and cell division. Interphase includes gap phases G1 and G2, S phase where DNA is replicated, and G0 phase where cells stop dividing. Mitosis then occurs, involving prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase where the genetic material is separated into two identical daughter cells, followed by cytokinesis where the cell cytoplasm divides.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 19

    CELL CYCLE

    CELL CYCLE

    is a series of events that takes place in a


    cell as it grows and divides.
    A cell spends most of its time in what is
    called as the INTERPHASE a part of the cell
    cycle.
    The Process of Cell Division
    1. Growth, prepares for
    division, divides (anywhere
    from 6 hours to 100 days)

    2.The CELL CYCLE


    3 Parts
    o Interphase
    o Mitosis (PMAT)
    - few minutes to several
    days
    o Cytokinesis
    INTERPHASE

    The cell grows and replicates its chromosomes to prepare for cell
    division.

    The cell then leaves interphase and finally undergoes cell division.
    INTERPHASE

    ❑ Gap 1 (G1) Phase


    -Cell increases in size
    -cells produced RNA and synthesize proteins.
    -important cell cycle control mechanism is activated
    during this phase to ensure that everything is ready for
    the next phase which is DNA synthesis.
    INTERPHASE

    ❑ Synthesis (S) phase


    -duplication of genetic material and chromosomes.
    ❑ Gap 2 (G2) phase
    - The cell synthesizes proteins
    - Duplicate some organelles
    - Continues to increase its size
    ❑ G0
    - It is a phase in which the cell cycle stop for specific kinds of cells.
    - They are not actively preparing to divide.
    - Quiescent stage or inactive stage
    CELL DIVISION
    CELL DIVISION
    It’s a process by which a cells divide to form two new cells.
    Three types of Cell Division or Cell reproduction in organisms.
    a. PROKARYOTES (bacteria)
    - Binary Fission-divides forming two new identical cells.
    b. EUKARYOTES
    1. Mitosis
    - cell or organism growth
    - replacement or repair of damaged cells
    2. Meiosis
    - formation of sex cells or gametes
    WHY DO CELLS DIVIDE?

    ❖ Cells divide for growth, development,


    repair of worn out tissues and
    reproduction.
    ❖ to facilitate the exchange of materials.
    ❖ to control DNA overloading
    PROKARYOTIC CELL DIVISION

    1. BINARY FISSION
    THREE MAJOR STEPS
    A. DNA REPLICATION
    - DNA is copied resulting in two identical chromosomes
    B. CHROMOSOME SEGREGATION
    - chromosome separates and move towards end poles of cell.
    C. CYTOKINESIS
    - cytoplasm divides forming 2 cells.
    NOTE: Each new daughter cell is GENETICALLY IDENTICAL to parent cell.
    EUKARYOTIC CELL DIVISION
    cell division that results in two daughter cells each having
    the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent
    cell.
    1. MITOSIS
    2 MAIN STEPS
    A. MITOSIS
    -Prophase------Metaphase-----Anaphase-----Telophase
    B. CYTOKINESIS
    - cytoplasm divides forming two new daughter cells
    Each daughter cell is genetically identical to parent cell.
    MITOSIS
    2. Mitosis - Prophase
    • Longest phase of MITOSIS
    (50-60 % of total time required
    for mitosis)
    • Nuclear membrane starts to
    disintegrate
    • Chromosomes condense (become
    visible) – seen as 2 identical
    chromatids lying side by side held
    together by centromeres
    • Centrioles move to opposite poles
    • Spindle fibers grow from
    centrioles, attach at centromeres
    3. Mitosis – Metaphase (hint “M”=middle)

    • Chromosomes attach
    to the spindle fibers
    • Chromosomes line up in
    the middle (aka
    equator)
    • Spindle fibers run
    from centrosomes to
    centromeres of the
    chromosomes
    4. Mitosis - Anaphase (hint “A” = away)

    • Centromeres split
    • Spindles retract and pull sister
    chromatids apart
    • Chromosomes move to opposite poles
    (toward centrioles)
    5. Mitosis - Telophase
    • Chromosomes cluster at poles
    • Chromosomes uncoil – back into
    chromatin
    • Nuclear envelope reforms around
    each new nuclei
    • Mitosis is done
    • Cell membrane begins to pinch in the
    middle

    You might also like