Activit Cell Structure and

y Function
This activity must be handed in written on paper by August the 29 th and it will be defended
orally on September the 5th

Directions: Label the organelles of the cell and write a brief description of the
organelle’s function.

1. Animal cell

2. Endoplasmatic reticulum: A network that transpors materials throughout the inside

of the cell.

3. Nucleous: Contains the chromosomes and control the cell genetically

4.

5. Ribosomes: The ribosomes make the protein and some ribosomes are located in the
endplasmatic reticulum.

6. Cytoplasm

7.

8.

9.

10.
11.
Activit Cell Structure and
y Function

1. Plant cell

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.
Activit Cell Structure and
y Function

1. Which ONE of the following correctly matches the organelle with its function?
A. cell wall: produces energy for the cell
B. nucleus: control center of the cell
C. cell membrane: gives rigid structure to the plant cell
D. chloroplasts: colorless, jelly-like substance that supports the other organelles

2. Which organelle functions as the “powerhouse” of the cell by producing the energy
necessary for all cell functions to occur?
A. cytoplasm
B. ribosomes
C. nucleus
D. mitochondria

3. Select the statement that best describes the function of the cell wall.
A. It gives shape to plant cells.
B. It produces food from sunlight.
C. Its jelly-like fluid surrounds the nucleus and most of the cell’s internal parts.
D. It contains the cell’s nuclear material.

4. What is a function of the nucleus of an animal cell?

A. It is the place where energy is produced.
B. It stores the genetic information, the DNA (chromosomes).
C. It defends the cell from infections.
D. It captures sunlight to produce food.

5. Select a statement that best completes the phrase below. In a plant cell…
A. there is one large vacuole that stores water and helps hold up the plant.
B. the vacuoles enter and leave through the cell membrane.
C. there are lots of small vacuoles.
D. there are no vacuoles.

6. Which of the following does a plant cell have?

I. cell membrane
II. cell wall
III. cytoplasm
A. II only
B. III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II, and III

7. Which cell structures are similar in the way they protect, support, and hold the
 Activit Cell Structure and
y Function
other organelles together?
A. Cell Wall, cytoplasm, and lysosomes
B. Cell membrane, cytoplasm, and ribosomes
Activit Cell Structure and
y Function
C. Cell wall, cell membrane, and cytoplasm
D. Cell membrane, chloroplasts, and nucleus

8. The fluid substance that holds the organelles of the cell is called the ...
A. cytoplasm
B. cell wall
C. nucleus
D. ribosome

9. What is the organelle that is a small grain like structure where proteins are made?
A. cytoplasm
B. nucleus
C. ribosomes
D. Lysosomes

10. Which two plant cell structures are responsible for storing energy from sunlight and
later releasing it for cells to use?
A. chloroplast and nucleus
B. mitochondria and cell wall
C. chloroplast and mitochondria
D. nucleus and cell wall

11. Which two plant cell structures work together, like security guards, for the cell?
A. Cytoplasm and Nucleus
B. Cell Membrane and Cell Wall
C. Nucleus and Oxygen
D. Oxygen and Cell Membrane

12. This micrograph (picture taken through a microscope) probably shows what type of
cell?
A. animal
B. plant
C. virus
D. bacteria

13. What features do plant cells have that animal cells lack?
A. Nucleus and cell membrane
B. cell wall and chloroplasts
C. cytoplasm and cell wall
D. cell membrane and chloroplasts
 Activit Cell Structure and
y Function
14. What two organelles function as storage units; one for chemicals and the other for
such things as food, water, and waste?
A. cytoplasm and vacuoles
B. vacuoles and cytoplasm
C. ribosomes and lysosomes
D. lysosomes and vacuoles

15. Which cell structures are similar in the way they protect, support, and hold the
other organelles together?
A. Cell Wall, cytoplasm, and lysosomes
B. Cell membrane, cytoplasm, and ribosomes
C. Cell wall, cell membrane, and cytoplasm
D. Cell membrane, chloroplasts, and nucleus

16. Explain how animal cells and plant cells differ.

Animal cells and plant cells are both types of eukaryotic cells with some key
differences in structure and function.

Cell Wall:
Plant Cells: Plant cells have a rigid cell wall made of cellulose, which provides
structural support and protection. This is a defining feature of plant cells and is not
present in animal cells.
Animal Cells: Animal cells lack a cell wall. Instead, they have a flexible cell membrane
that gives the cell its shape and serves as a protective barrier.

Plastids and Chloroplasts:

Plant Cells: Plant cells contain chloroplasts, which are responsible for photosynthesis.
Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll, a pigment that captures sunlight to convert it into
energy.
Animal Cells: Animal cells do not have chloroplasts or the ability to perform
photosynthesis.

Vacuoles:
Plant Cells: Plant cells typically have a large central vacuole that stores water,
nutrients, and waste products. It also helps maintain turgor pressure, giving the plant
its rigidity.
Animal Cells: Animal cells have smaller vacuoles, but they are less prominent and
usually store waste materials or cellular products.

Shape:
Plant Cells: Plant cells often have a fixed, regular shape due to the rigid cell wall. They
are typically rectangular or cubic in shape.
Animal Cells: Animal cells are more rounded and flexible in shape, often adapting to
their surroundings.

Lysosomes:
Plant Cells: Plant cells have fewer lysosomes. Lysosomal functions are often carried
 Activit Cell Structure and
y Function
out by lytic vacuoles.
Animal Cells: Animal cells contain numerous lysosomes, which are responsible for
intracellular digestion and waste removal.

Nucleus:
The nucleus in both cell types functions similarly, storing genetic material and
controlling cellular activities.

Mitochondria:
Both plant and animal cells have mitochondria, which are responsible for producing
energy through cellular respiration.
Cytoplasm and Organelles:
Both cell types have cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and
ribosomes. These organelles are involved in various cellular processes.

17. Select two organelles and explain how they work together in the cell.

Two organelles that work together in the cell are the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
and the Golgi apparatus. These organelles are involved in the processing,
modification, and transport of proteins within the cell.

Working Together:

Protein Processing and Modification: After proteins are synthesized by ribosomes

on the rough ER, they are transported into the ER lumen. Here, the ER modifies and
folds the proteins into their functional shapes. Some proteins receive carbohydrate
chains (glycosylation) that act as signals for sorting.

Transport to Golgi Apparatus: Vesicles containing these newly synthesized and

modified proteins bud off from the ER and move to the Golgi apparatus.

Further Processing in Golgi: In the Golgi apparatus, proteins are further modified,
sorted, and packaged. The Golgi can alter carbohydrate chains, sort proteins into
different vesicles based on their final destination, and even concentrate certain
proteins.

Vesicle Formation and Transport: After processing, proteins are packaged into
vesicles that bud off from the Golgi. These vesicles can then be directed to various
destinations within the cell or outside the cell through exocytosis.

Exocytosis: Some vesicles carrying proteins for secretion fuse with the cell
membrane, releasing their contents outside the cell.