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Gen Math Module 8

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11

General Mathematics
Quarter 1 – Module 8 (Week 8):
Logarithmic Functions

Department of Education ⦁ Republic of the Philippines


Module
LOGARITHMIC FUNCTIONS
8

What I Need to Know

For the Learners:

In the previous module, we have learned about exponential functions and its
applications in real life. Logarithmic function is simply the inverse of an exponential
function. It is mainly used, but not limited to, earthquake intensity measurement, acidic
measurement of solutions (pH value), sound intensity measurement and expressing larger
values.

This module will help you understand the key concepts of logarithmic functions and
apply these concepts to formulate and solve real-life problems with precision and accuracy.

At the end of the module, you would be able to:


a. distinguish logarithmic functions, equations, and inequalities;
b. graph logarithmic functions using its intercepts, zeroes and asymptotes; and
c. solve problems related to logarithmic functions, equations, and inequalities.

You will find that this module is composed of the following


lessons:
Lesson 1: The Logarithmic Equation and Inequality
Lesson 2: The Logarithmic Function and its Graph
Lesson
The Logarithmic Equation & Inequality
1

What’s New

Activity 1: THE SECRET MESSAGE

Description: This Activity will enable you to solve logarithmic equation.

Directions: Decode the secret message by solving for the value of x in each given below.
Write the corresponding letter of the computed value of x inside to the boxes to
reveal the secret message.
What I Can Do

Activity 2: LOGARITHMIC EQUATION AND INEQUALITY MAZE

Description: This Activity will enable you to independently solve logarithmic equations.

Directions: Draw the maze on a BOND PAPER (short) and draw a line path by going
through the correct answer from the equation given. Do this until you reach the
ending point.
Lesson
The Logarithmic Function & its Graph
2

What’s New

Activity 3: HELP ME GRAPH!

Description: We have learned from the previous lessons that logarithms can be rewritten in
exponential form. We shall attempt to show that the inverse of exponential
functions is the logarithmic through a graph function.

Directions: With a pair, graph the following functions on the same Cartesian plane on your
answer sheet.

𝒚 = 𝟐𝒙 (exponential function)
1 1 1 1
x 1 2 4 8
16 8 4 2
y

𝒚 = 𝐥𝐨𝐠𝟐 𝒙 (logarithmic function/ inverse function of 2x)


1 1 1 1
x 1 2 4 8
16 8 4 2
y
Direction: Answer the following questions.
1. What is the trend of the graph of 𝑦 = 2𝑥?
2. What is the trend of the graph of 𝑦 = log 2 𝑥?
3. Compare the two graphs and state your observations.

What’s More

Activity 4: SKETCH TO COMPARE!

Description: This Activity will enable you to come up with a generalization about the
properties of a logarithmic function.

Directions: With the same pair, graph the logarithmic function and the questions that follows.
TIPS! (Read this before answering)

When there is no base number indicated on a logarithm (Example: log 1000), it is (usually) implied that it is a
logarithm of something with base 10.

To do the transformations method to describe the graphs’ relation to one another, you have to transform the given
function into its “base” form (usually indicated in the problem). In this case, the form is y = logb x. For number 1, we
transform y = log (x+3) to  y = log x, thus replicating the “base” form. After that, create tables for both functions (y
= log (x+3) and y = log x) indicating the result “y” for each value of “x”.
Example:
𝒚 = log (x + 3)

x -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4

y 0 0.301 0.477 0.602 0.7 0.778 0.845

𝒚 = log x

x -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4

y Undef. Undef. Undef. 0 0.301 0.477 0.602

From the tables created, you can see a pattern of sort, a clue to what might be the vertical asymptote of y = log x, and
etc.
KEY ANSWERS

Activity 1

Activity 2

Activity 3

Activity 4

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