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Procedure For Rebound Hammer Test

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Procedure for Rebound Hammer Test

Procedure for rebound hammer test on concrete structure starts with


calibration of the rebound hammer. For this, the rebound hammer is tested
against the test anvil made of steel having Brinell hardness number of about
5000 N/mm2. After the rebound hammer is tested for accuracy on the test
anvil, the rebound hammer is held at right angles to the surface of the concrete
structure for taking the readings. The test thus can be conducted horizontally
on vertical surface and vertically upwards or downwards on horizontal
surfaces as shown in figure below If the rebound hammer is held at
intermediate angle, the rebound number will be different for the same
concrete.

Fig.2.Rebound Hammer Positions for Testing Concrete Structure

Points to Remember in Rebound Hammer Test

1. The concrete surface should be smooth, clean and dry.


2. Ant loose particles should be rubbed off from the concrete surface
with a grinding wheel or stone, before hammer testing.
3. Rebound hammer test should not be conducted on rough surfaces as a
result of incomplete compaction, loss of grout, spalled or tooled
concrete surface.
4. The point of impact of rebound hammer on concrete surface should be
at least 20mm away from edge or shape discontinuity.
5. Six readings of rebound number is taken at each point of testing and
an average of value of the readings is taken as rebound index for the
corresponding point of observation on concrete surface.

Interpretation of Rebound Hammer Test Results


After obtaining the correlation between compressive strength and rebound
number, the strength of structure can be assessed. In general, the rebound
number increases as the strength increases and is also affected by a number of
parameters i.e. type of cement, type of aggregate, surface condition and
moisture content of the concrete, curing and age of concrete, carbonation of

concrete surface etc.

Fig.3.Relationship Between Cube Strength and the Rebound


Number

Moreover the rebound index is indicative of compressive strength of concrete


up to a limited depth from the surface. The internal cracks, flaws etc. or
heterogeneity across the cross section will not be indicated by rebound
numbers. Table-2 below shows the quality of concrete for respective average
rebound number.
Table.2. Quality of Concrete for different values of rebound
number

As such the estimation of strength of concrete by rebound hammer method


cannot be held to be very accurate and probable accuracy of prediction of
concrete strength in a structure is ± 25 percent. If the relationship between
rebound index and compressive strength can be found by tests on core
samples obtained from the structure or standard specimens made with the
same concrete materials and mix proportion, then the accuracy of results and
confidence thereon gets greatly increased.

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