Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Cyber Cafe Management System DEEPAK SHINDE
Cyber Cafe Management System DEEPAK SHINDE
PROJECT REPORT
ON
SUBMITTED BY
MR. DEEPAK BAJIRAO SHINDE.
UNDER GUIDANCE OF
ASST.PROF. MR.DNYANESHWAR DEORE
(2023-2024)
SATISH PRADHAN DNYANSADHANA COLLEGE OF
ARTS, SCIENCE AND COMMERCE, THANE
PROJECT REPORT
ON
SUBMITTED BY
MR. DEEPAK BAJIRAO SHINDE.
UNDER GUIDANCE OF
ASST.PROF. DNYANESHWAR DEORE
(2023-2024)
SATISH PRADHAN DNYANSADHANA COLLEGE OF
ARTS, SCIENCE AND COMMERCE, THANE
(Department of Computer Science)
CERTIFICATE
Exam Seat No:
This is certify that Mr. Deepak Bajirao Shinde has successfully completed the
project Titled “(Cyber Café Management System)” and duly submitted the
project in partial fulfillment of the “T.Y.B.Sc(Computer Science)”degree from
the University of Mumbai during the academic year 2023-2024.It is further
certified that he has completed all the required phases of project.
The realistic case study that has been conducted on 200 students proves the
outstanding performance of the proposed framework in comparison with
the existing ones.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We are pleased to represent "Cyber Café Management System" Project and take the
opportunity to express our profound gratitude to all those people who helped us in completion of
this project.
We thank our college for providing us with excellent facilities that helped us to complete and
present this project. We would also like to thank the staff member and lab assistance for
permitting us to use computer in the lab as and when required.
We expressed our deepest gratitude to our project guide for her valuable and timely advice
during the various phase in our project. We would also like to thank her for providing us with all
proper facilities and support, patience and faith in our capabilities and for giving us flexible in
term of working and reporting schedules.
We would like to thank all our friends for their smiles and friendship making the college life
enjoyable and memorable and family members we always goods beside us and provided the
utmost important moral support. Finally we would like to thank everyone who helped us directly
or indirectly in your project
DECLARATION
I hereby declare that project entitled, “Cyber Café Management System” done at place
where the project is done, has not been in any case duplicated to submit to any other university
for the award of any degree. To the best of my knowledge other than me, no one has submitted to
any other university.
The project is done in fulfillment of the requirements for the award of degree of
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (COMPUTER SCIENCE) to submitted as final semester project
as part of curriculum.
Chapter 6 : Conclusion
Chapter 7 : Refrences
Gantt Chart
INTRODUCTION
This project aims to explore the application of machine learning in predicting student
performance using Python. By employing various machine learning models, we can build
predictive models based on historical data to anticipate how well a student is likely to perform
in a given subject or course. The insights derived from these models can assist educators in
making informed decisions to improve educational outcomes.
Modules:
• DATA COLLECTION
• DATA PRE-PROCESSING
• FEATURE EXTRATION
• EVALUATION MODEL.
DATA COLLECTION
Data used in this paper is a set of student details in the school records.
This step is concerned with selecting the subset of all available data that
you will be working with. ML problems start with data preferably, lots of
data (examples or observations) for which you already know the target
answer. Data for which you already know the target answer is called
labelled data.
DATA PRE-PROCESSING
Organize your selected data by formatting, cleaning and
sampling from it. Three common data pre-processing steps are:
1. Formatting
2. Cleaning
3. Sampling
Formatting: The data you have selected may not be in a format that is
suitable for you to work with. The data may be in a relational database and
you would like it in a flat file, or the data may be in a proprietary file
format and you would like it in a relational database or a text file.
Sampling: There may be far more selected data available than you need to
work with. More data can result in much longer running times for
algorithms and larger computational and memory requirements.
FEATURE EXTRATION
EVALUATION MODEL
Model Evaluation is an integral part of the model development process. It helps to find
the best model that represents our data and how well the chosen model will work in the
future. Evaluating model performance with the data used for training is not acceptable in
data science because it can easily generate overoptimistic and over fitted models. There
are two methods of evaluating models in data science, Hold- Out and Cross-Validation to
avoid over fitting, both methods use a test set (not seen by the model) to evaluate model
performance. Performance of each classification model is estimated base on its averaged.
The result will be in the visualized form. Representation of classified data in the form of
graphs. Accuracy is defined as the percentage of correct predictions for the test data. It
can be calculated easily by dividing the number of correct predictions by the number of
total
Objective:
Early Intervention: Predicting student performance early on can help identify students who are
at risk of falling behind or struggling academically. With this information, educators can provide
timely interventions and support to improve the students' learning outcomes.
Personalized Learning: Machine learning models can be used to understand each student's
unique learning patterns and preferences. This can aid in developing personalized learning plans,
tailored to suit individual needs, strengths, and weaknesses.
Resource Allocation: Schools and educational institutions can use predictive models to allocate
resources more efficiently. For example, they can allocate additional resources to students
predicted to be at higher risk of underperforming.
System Analysis
Existing System
The previous predictive models only focused on using the student’s demographic data
like gender, age, family status, family income and qualifications. In addition to the study
related attributes including the homework and study hours as well as the previous
achievements and grades. These previous work were only limited to provide the
prediction of the academic success or failure, without illustrating the reasons of this
prediction. Most of the previous researches have focused to gather more than 40
attributes in their data set to predict the student’s academic performance. These attributes
were from the same type of data category whether demographic, study related attributes
or both, that lead to lack of diversity of predicting rules.
Proposed System:
The proposed framework firstly focuses on merging the demographic and study related
attributes with the educational psychology fields, by adding the student’s psychological
characteristics to the previously used data set (i.e., the students’ demographic data and
study related ones). After surveying the previously used factors for predicting the
student’s academic performance, we picked the most relevant attributes based on their
rationale and correlation with the academic performance.
System Architecture:
ML
Algorithms
Dataset Machine
Feature
extraction learning
model
Hardware Requirements :
RAM : 8 GB or Higher
Software Requirements :
FrontEnd : PYTHON
,
UML DIAGRAMS
USE CASE DIAGRAM
CLASS DIAGRAM
SEQUENCE DIAGRAM
ACTIVITY DIAGRAM
Entity relationship diagram
ALGORITHM
RANDOM FOREST
The following are the basic steps involved in performing the random forest algorithm
MACHINE LEARNING
Machine Learning is a system that can learn from example through self-
improvement and without being explicitly coded by programmer. The
breakthrough comes with the idea that a machine can singularly learn from the data
(i.e., example) to produce accurate results.
Machine learning combines data with statistical tools to predict an output. This
output is then used by corporate to makes actionable insights. Machine learning is
closely related to data mining and Bayesian predictive modeling. The machine
receives data as input, use an algorithm to formulate answers.
A typical machine learning tasks are to provide a recommendation. For those who
have a Netflix account, all recommendations of movies or series are based on the
user's historical data. Tech companies are using unsupervised learning to improve
the user experience with personalizing recommendation.
Machine learning is also used for a variety of task like fraud detection, predictive
maintenance, portfolio optimization, automatize task and so on.
Machine Learning vs. Traditional
Programming
Machine learning is the brain where all the learning takes place. The way the
machine learns is similar to the human being. Humans learn from experience. The
more we know, the more easily we can predict. By analogy, when we face an
unknown situation, the likelihood of success is lower than the known situation.
Machines are trained the same. To make an accurate prediction, the machine sees
an example. When we give the machine a similar example, it can figure out the
outcome. However, like a human, if its feed a previously unseen example, the
machine has difficulties to predict.
The core objective of machine learning is the learning and inference. First of all,
the machine learns through the discovery of patterns.
One crucial part of the data scientist is to choose carefully which data to provide to
the machine. The list of attributes used to solve a problem is called a feature
vector. You can think of a feature vector as a subset of data that is used to tackle a
problem.
The machine uses some fancy algorithms to simplify the reality and transform this
discovery into a model. Therefore, the learning stage is used to describe the data
and summarize it into a model.
For instance, the machine is trying to understand the relationship between the wage
of an individual and the likelihood to go to a fancy restaurant. It turns out the
machine finds a positive relationship between wage and going to a high-end
restaurant: This is the model
Inferring
1. Define a question
2. Collect data
3. Visualize data
4. Train algorithm
5. Test the Algorithm
6. Collect feedback
7. Refine the algorithm
8. Loop 4-7 until the results are satisfying
9. Use the model to make a prediction
Once the algorithm gets good at drawing the right conclusions, it applies
that knowledge to new sets of data.
Machine learning Algorithms and where they are used?
Machine learning can be grouped into two broad learning tasks: Supervised
and Unsupervised.
There are many other algorithms
Supervised learning
An algorithm uses training data and feedback from humans to learn the
relationship of given inputs to a given output. For instance, a practitioner can use
marketing expense and weather forecast as input data to predict the sales of cans.
You can use supervised learning when the output data is known. The algorithm
will predict new data.
Classification task
Regression task
Classification
Imagine you want to predict the gender of a customer for a commercial. You will
start gathering data on the height, weight, job, salary, purchasing basket, etc. from
your customer database. You know the gender of each of your customer, it can
only be male or female. The objective of the classifier will be to assign a
probability of being a male or a female (i.e., the label) based on the information
(i.e., features you have collected). When the model learned how to recognize male
or female, you can use new data to make a prediction. For instance, you just got
new information from an unknown customer, and you want to know if it is a male
or female. If the classifier predicts male = 70%, it means the algorithm is sure at
70% that this customer is a male, and 30% it is a female.
The label can be of two or more classes. The above example has only two classes,
but if a classifier needs to predict object, it has dozens of classes (e.g., glass, table,
shoes, etc. each object represents a class)
Regression
When the output is a continuous value, the task is a regression. For instance, a
financial analyst may need to forecast the value of a stock based on a range of
feature like equity, previous stock performances, macroeconomics index. The
system will be trained to estimate the price of the stocks with the lowest possible
error.
Linear Finds a way to correlate each feature to the output to help predict Regression
regression future values.
Logistic Extension of linear regression that's used for classification tasks. The Classification
regression output variable 3is binary (e.g., only black or white) rather than
continuous (e.g., an infinite list of potential colors)
Decision Highly interpretable classification or regression model that splits data- Regression
tree feature values into branches at decision nodes (e.g., if a feature is a Classification
color, each possible color becomes a new branch) until a final decision
output is made
Naive Bayes The Bayesian method is a classification method that makes use of the Regression
Bayesian theorem. The theorem updates the prior knowledge of an Classification
event with the independent probability of each feature that can affect
the event.
Support Support Vector Machine, or SVM, is typically used for the Regression (n very
vector classification task. SVM algorithm finds a hyperplane that optimally commo
machine divided the classes. It is best used with a non-linear solver. Classification
Random The algorithm is built upon a decision tree to improve the accuracy Regression
forest drastically. Random forest generates many times simple decision trees Classification
and uses the 'majority vote' method to decide on which label to return.
For the classification task, the final prediction will be the one with the
most vote; while for the regression task, the average prediction of all
the trees is the final prediction.
Unsupervised learning
You can use it when you do not know how to classify the data, and you want the
algorithm to find patterns and classify the data for you
Algorithm Description Type
K-means Puts data into some groups (k) that each contains data with Clustering
clustering similar characteristics (as determined by the model, not in
advance by humans)
Augmentation:
Automation:
Finance Industry
Government organization
Healthcare industry
Healthcare was one of the first industry to use machine learning with image
detection.
Marketing
Unsupervised learning can quickly search for comparable patterns in the diverse
dataset. In turn, the machine can perform quality inspection throughout the
logistics hub, shipment with damage and wear.
For instance, IBM's Watson platform can determine shipping container damage.
Watson combines visual and systems-based data to track, report and make
recommendations in real-time.
In past year stock manager relies extensively on the primary method to evaluate
and forecast the inventory. When combining big data and machine learning, better
forecasting techniques have been implemented (an improvement of 20 to 30 %
over traditional forecasting tools). In term of sales, it means an increase of 2 to 3 %
due to the potential reduction in inventory costs.
For example, everybody knows the Google car. The car is full of lasers on the roof
which are telling it where it is regarding the surrounding area. It has radar in the
front, which is informing the car of the speed and motion of all the cars around it.
It uses all of that data to figure out not only how to drive the car but also to figure
out and predict what potential drivers around the car are going to do. What's
impressive is that the car is processing almost a gigabyte a second of data.
Deep Learning
Reinforcement Learning
Reinforcement learning is a subfield of machine learning in which systems are
trained by receiving virtual "rewards" or "punishments," essentially learning by
trial and error. Google's DeepMind has used reinforcement learning to beat a
human champion in the Go games. Reinforcement learning is also used in video
games to improve the gaming experience by providing smarter bot.
One of the most famous algorithms are:
Q-learning
Deep Q network
State-Action-Reward-State-Action (SARSA)
Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG)
At that time, Under Armour had all of the 'must have' HR technology in place such
as transactional solutions for sourcing, applying, tracking and onboarding but those
tools weren't useful enough. Under armour choose HireVue, an AI provider for
HR solution, for both on-demand and live interviews. The results were bluffing;
they managed to decrease by 35% the time to fill. In return, the hired higher
quality staffs.
AI in Marketing: AI is a valuable tool for customer service management and
personalization challenges. Improved speech recognition in call-center
management and call routing as a result of the application of AI techniques allows
a more seamless experience for customers.
Apart from the three examples above, AI is widely used in other sectors/industries.
Artificial Intelligence
ML
Machine Learning
Deep Learning
Feature Need to understand the features that No need to understand the best
engineering represent the data feature that represents the data
Execution From few minutes to hours Up to weeks. Neural Network needs
time to compute a significant number of
weights
Interpretab Some algorithms are easy to Difficult to impossible
ility interpret (logistic, decision tree),
some are almost impossible (SVM,
XGBoost)
When to use ML or DL?
In the table below, we summarize the difference between machine learning and
deep learning.
With machine learning, you need fewer data to train the algorithm than deep
learning. Deep learning requires an extensive and diverse set of data to identify the
underlying structure. Besides, machine learning provides a faster-trained model.
Most advanced deep learning architecture can take days to a week to train. The
advantage of deep learning over machine learning is it is highly accurate. You do
not need to understand what features are the best representation of the data; the
neural network learned how to select critical features. In machine learning, you
need to choose for yourself what features to include in the model
Tensor Flow
The most famous deep learning library in the world is Google's Tensor Flow.
Google product uses machine learning in all of its products to improve the search
engine, translation, image captioning or recommendations.
To give a concrete example, Google users can experience a faster and more refined
the search with AI. If the user types a keyword a the search bar, Google provides a
recommendation about what could be the next word.
Google wants to use machine learning to take advantage of their massive datasets
to give users the best experience. Three different groups use machine learning:
Researchers
Data scientists
Programmers.
They can all use the same toolset to collaborate with each other and improve their
efficiency.
Google does not just have any data; they have the world's most massive computer,
so Tensor Flow was built to scale. Tensor Flow is a library developed by the
Google Brain Team to accelerate machine learning and deep neural network
research.
It was built to run on multiple CPUs or GPUs and even mobile operating systems,
and it has several wrappers in several languages like Python, C++ or Java.
This is why it is called Tensor Flow because the tensor goes in it flows through a
list of operations, and then it comes out the other side.
Where can Tensorflow run?
TensorFlow can hardware, and software requirements can be classified into
Development Phase: This is when you train the mode. Training is usually done on
your Desktop or laptop.
Run Phase or Inference Phase: Once training is done Tensorflow can be run on
many different platforms. You can run it on
You can train it on multiple machines then you can run it on a different machine,
once you have the trained model.
The model can be trained and used on GPUs as well as CPUs. GPUs were initially
designed for video games. In late 2010, Stanford researchers found that GPUalso
very good at matrix operations and algebra so that it makes them very fast for
doing these kinds of calculations. Deep learning relies on a lot of matrix
multiplication. TensorFlow is very fast at computing the matrix multiplication
because it is written in C++. Although it is implemented in C++, TensorFlow can
be accessed and controlled by other languages mainly, Python.