CET Section

June Batch

Subject Topic Test – KAR Date

Chemical Equilibrium, Ionic Equilibrium; CET – 11 - CT
C+M+P Statistics, Sets, Relations, Functions; 11th Dec 2023
C1120231211
Thermodynamics and KTG;

Max. Marks: 180 Duration: 3 Hours

1. This paper consists of 180 questions with 3 parts of Chemistry, Mathematics and Physics

• Chemistry: (Q. No. 1 to 60) Multiple Choice Questions with one correct answer. A correct answer
carries 1 Mark. No Negative marks.
• Mathematics: (Q. No. 61 to 120) Multiple Choice Questions with one correct answer. A correct
answer carries 1 Mark. No Negative marks.
• Physics: (Q. No. 121 to 180) Multiple Choice Questions with one correct answer. A correct answer
carries 1 Mark. No Negative marks.

2. The OMR sheet for 200 questions is to be used

3. Use of calculators and log tables is prohibited

4. Darken the appropriate bubble using a pen in the OMR sheet provided to you. Once entered, the
answer cannot be changed. Any corrections or modifications will automatically draw a penalty of
1 mark

5. No clarification will be entertained during the examination. Doubts in the paper can be reported
to the coordinator after the exam

6. If the details in the OMR Sheet are not filled, If the OMR sheet is mutilated, torn, white Ink used,
the circles filled and scratched, then the OMR sheet will not be graded

All the best!!

Useful Data
At. Wt.:
N = 14; O = 16; H = 1; S = 32; Cl = 35.5; Mn = 55; Na = 23; C = 12; Ag = 108; K = 39; Fe = 56; Pb = 207

Br = 80; Ar = 40 Cu : 63.5, Zn = 64, Mg = 24

Physical Constants:

h = 6.626  10−34 Js , N a = 6.022  1023 mol-1 , c = 2.998 108 m s-1 , me = 9.110−31 kg , R = 8.314 J mol-1 K -1
 CET Section
C1120231211

Chemistry
Multiple Choice Questions with one correct answer. A correct answer carries 1 mark. No negative
mark. 60 x 1 = 60

1. In a chemical equilibrium, the rate constant of the forward reaction is 6.0  10−3 and the equilibrium
constant is 3.0. So the rate constant of the backward reaction is
Options:

(a) 5.5  10−4

(b) 2.0  10−3

(c) 0.5  10−3

(d) 9.0  10−4

kf kf 6.0  10−3
Sol: K c =  Kb = = = 2.0  10−3
kb kc 3.0

Ans: (b)
2. The following are some statements about equilibrium constant ( K )

(A) The value of K is not affected by temperature

(B) The equilibrium constant gives idea about the extent of completion of reaction
(C) The equilibrium constant is not affected by volume and pressure
The correct statements are
Options:
(a) (A) and (B)
(b) (B) and (C)
(c) (C) and (A)
(d) All
Sol: Statements (B) and (C) are correct. Equilibrium constant changes with charge in temperature.
Ans: (b)
3. In which of the following gaseous reaction K p  K c

Options:
(a) N 2 ( g ) + 3H 2 ( g ) 2 NH 3 ( g )

(b) H 2 ( g ) + I 2 ( g ) 2 HI ( g )

(c) PCl5 ( g ) PCl3 ( g ) + Cl2 ( g )

(d) 2SO3 ( g ) O2 ( g ) + 2 SO2 ( g )

Sol: For the reaction N 2 ( g ) + 3H 2 ( g ) 2 NH 3 ( g )

n
K p = K c ( RT )

n is − ve so K p is less than K c .

Ans: (a)

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4. At certain temperature, 50% of HI is dissociated into H 2 and I 2 , the equilibrium constant is

Options:

(a) 1.0
(b) 3.0
(c) 0.25
(d) 0.5

Sol: 2HI ( g ) ⎯⎯
→ H2 ( g ) + I2 ( g )

Initial moles 1 − −

Eq. moles 1 − 0.5 0.25 0.25

0.25  0.25
K=
( 0.5)2

Ans: (c)
5. In which of the following, the reaction proceeds towards completion
Options:

(a) K = 10−5
−3
(b) K = 10
5
(c) K = 10

(d) K = 10−4

Sol: The reaction with K value of the order 105 proceed towards completion.
Ans: (c)
6. Which of the following reaction favoured at low pressure?
Options:
(a) N 2 ( g ) + 3H 2 ( g ) 2 NH 3 ( g )

(b) H 2 ( g ) + I 2 ( g ) 2 HI ( g )

(c) PCl5 ( g ) PCl3 ( g ) + Cl2 ( g )

(d) N 2 ( g ) + O2 ( g ) 2 NO ( g )

Sol: At low pressure, reaction proceeds where volume is increasing. This is the favourable condition for
the reaction. 1 volume PCl5 gives 2 volumes of PCl3 and Cl2 .

Ans: (c)
7. N 2 ( g ) + O2 ( g ) 2 NO ( g ) − Q cal

In the above reaction which is the essential condition for the lower production of NO ?
Options:
(a) High temperature
(b) High pressure
(c) Low temperature (d) Low pressure

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Sol: N 2 ( g ) + O2 ( g ) 2 NO ( g ) − Q cal

The above reaction is endothermic so for lower production of NO, and the temperature should be low.
Ans: (c)

8. K p for the reaction, 2CO2( g ) 2CO( g ) + O2( g ) is 0.09 at 3000K. At 3000K if the pressures of CO2 , CO and

O2 are 0.5, 0.4 and 0.1 atmospheres respectively, predict the direction of the reaction.

Options:
(a) The reaction is at equilibrium.
(b) The reaction proceeds in the backward direction.
(c) The reaction proceeds in the forward direction
(d) Cannot say

 PCO 2  PO2  0.42  0.1

Sol: Qp = = = 0.064.
 PCO2 2 0.52
Ans: (c)
9. In a reaction PCl5 ( g ) PCl3 ( g ) + Cl2 ( g ) , the equilibrium concentrations of PCl5 and PCl3 are 0.8 and

0.4 mole/litre respectively. If the value of KC is 0.5 , what is the concentration of Cl2 in moles/litre

Options:
(a) 1.0
(b) 2.0
(c) 0.5
(d) 1.5

Sol: KC =
 PCl3 Cl2  = 0.4  x = 0.5, x =1
 PCl5  0.8

Cl2  = 1moles litre

Ans: (a)
10. The equilibrium constant for the reversible reaction, N 2 ( g ) + 3H 2 ( g ) 2 NH 3 ( g ) is K and for the reaction

2 N2 ( g ) + 6H 2 ( g ) 4 NH 3 ( g ) the equilibrium constant is K '. K and K ' will be related as

Options:
(a) K = K '

(b) K ' = K 2

(c) K = ( K ')
2

(d) K  K ' = 2

Sol: K ' = K n ; Hence n =2

 K ' = K2

Ans: (b)

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11. The reaction N 2 and H 2 to form ammonia has K c = 8.12  10−2 at the temperature 500K . The numerical

value of K p for this reaction is

Options:

(a) 4.0  10−5

(b) 4.0  105

(c) 4.0  10−6 (d) 40  106

n
Sol: K p = Kc ( RT ) ; n = 2 − 4 = −2

−2
K p = 8.12  10−2  ( 0.0812  500 )

8.12  10−2
Kp = = 4.0  10−6
( 0.0812  500 ) 2

Ans: (c)
12. The equilibrium reaction that is not influenced by volume change at constant temperature is
Options:

(a) N 2 ( g ) + O2 ( g ) 2 NO( g )

(b) N 2 ( g ) + 3H 2 ( g ) 2 NH 3 ( g )

(c) N 2O4 ( g ) 2 NO2 ( g )

(d) 2 NO( g ) + O2 ( g ) 2 NO2 ( g )

Sol: n = 0 , pressure or volume have no effect.

Ans: (a)

13. The gaseous reaction A( g ) + B( g ) 2C ( g ) + D( g ) − Q is most favoured at

Options:
(a) Low temperature and high pressure
(b) High temperature and high pressure
(c) High temperature and low pressure
(d) Low temperature and low pressure
Sol: Given reaction is an endothermic reaction, High temperature and low pressure favours the reaction.
Ans: (c)

14. For the reaction PCl3 ( g ) + Cl2 ( g ) PCl5 ( g ) + Heat the position of equilibrium can be shifted to the right

by
Options:
(a) Increasing the temperature
(b) Addition of Cl2 at constant volume

(c) Doubling the volume

(d) Addition of equimolar quantities of PCl3 and PCl5

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Sol: According to Le-Chatelier principle when concentration of reactant increases, the equilibrium shift
in favour of forward reaction.
Ans: (b)

15. Consider the reaction equilibrium, 2SO2 ( g ) + O2 ( g ) 2SO3 ( g ) ; H  = −198kJ . On the basis of Le-

Chatelier’s principle, the condition favourable for the forward reaction is

Options:
(a) Lowering of temperature as well as pressure
(b) Lowering the temperature and increasing the pressure
(c) Increasing temperature as well as pressure
(d) Any value of temperature and pressure
Sol: It is an exothermic reaction hence low temperature and increasing pressure will favour forward
reaction.
Ans: (b)
16. Which reaction is not effected by change in pressure?
Options:

(a) C ( s ) + O2 ( g ) CO2 ( g )

(b) 2C ( s) + O2 ( g ) 2CO( g )

(c) N 2 ( g ) + 3H 2 ( g ) 2 NH 3 ( g )

(d) PCl5 ( g ) PCl3 ( g ) + Cl2 ( g )

Sol: C ( s ) + O2 ( g ) CO2 ( g ) .

Ans: (a)
17. In which of the following equilibrium system is the rate of the forward reaction favoured by increase of
pressure
Options:

(a) PCl5 ( g ) PCl3 ( g ) + Cl2 ( g )

(b) H 2 ( g ) + I 2 ( g ) 2 HI ( g )

(c) N 2 ( g ) + 3H 2 ( g ) 2 NH 3 ( g )

(d) N 2 ( g ) + O2 ( g ) 2 NO( g )

Sol: The rate of forward reaction favoured by increase of pressure in the reaction as n is positive

N 2 ( g ) + 3H 2 ( g ) 3HI ( g ) .

Ans: (c)

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⎯⎯
→ C ( g ), the relation between K p and K c is
18. For the system 3 A( g ) + 2 B( g ) ⎯
⎯

Options:
−2
(a) K p = K c ( RT )

−1
(b) K p = K c ( RT )

(c) K p = K c ( RT )
4

−4
(d) K p = K c ( RT )

Sol: n = 1 − 5 = − 4
−4
K p = K c ( RT )

Ans: (d)

⎯⎯
→ 2SO3 ( g ) + heat , the equilibrium reaction proceeds in
19. For the given equilibrium 2SO2 ( g ) + O2 ( g ) ⎯
⎯
forward direction when
Options:
(a) Oxygen is removed
(b) SO3 is added

(c) Heat is supplied (d) Oxygen is added

Sol: When reactants are introduced to the system, the equilibrium shifts in forward direction.
Ans: (d)
20. Reaction in which yield of product will increase with increase in pressure is
Options:

⎯⎯
→ 2 HI ( g )
(a) H 2 ( g ) + I 2 ( g ) ⎯
⎯

⎯⎯
→ CO2 ( g ) + H 2 ( g )
(b) H 2O( g ) + CO( g ) ⎯
⎯

(c) H 2O( g ) + C ( g ) ⎯⎯
→ CO( g ) + H 2 ( g )
⎯⎯
(d) CO( g ) + 3H 2 ( g ) ⎯→ CH
⎯ 4( g ) + H 2O ( g )

⎯⎯
→ CH 4 ( g ) + H 2O( g ). Volume is decreasing in forward direction so on
Sol: In reaction CO( g ) + 3H 2 ( g ) ⎯
⎯

increasing pressure the yield of product will increase.

Ans: (d)

⎯⎯
→ 2 NH 3 + heat . What is the effect of the increase of temperature on the equilibrium of the
21. N 2 + 3H 2 ⎯
⎯
reaction
Options:
(a) Equilibrium is unaltered
(b) Reaction rate does not change
(c) Equilibrium is shifted to the left
(d) Equilibrium is shifted to the right

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⎯⎯
→ 2 NH 3 + heat Formation of ammonia is exothermic reaction so increase in temperature
Sol: N 2 + 3H 2 ⎯
⎯
favours backward reaction and equilibrium is shifted to the left.
Ans: (c)

22. In the equilibrium CaCO3 ( s ) ⎯⎯

→ CaO( s ) + CO2 ( g ) at 1073K . The pressure of CO2 is found to be

2.5  104 Pa. The partial pressure of CO2 (in bar) for the reaction at 1073K will be
Options:
(a) 0.25
(b) 2.5
(c) 25
(d) 250

Sol: With reference to standard state pressure of 1 bar i.e., 105 Pa.

2.5 104 Pa 2.5 104

K p = PCO2 = 
= 5
= 2.5  10−1 = 0.25
P 10
Ans: (a)

23. For the system 3 A + B ⎯⎯

→ 2C , the expression for equilibrium constant ( K c ) is

Options:

(a)
3 A B 
 2C 

(b)
 2C 
3 A B 

(c)
 A3  B 
C 2
C 2
(d)
 A3  B 

Sol: Kc =
 Products = C 2
 Reactants  A3  B 
Ans: (d)
24. Equilibrium constants K1 and K 2 for the following equilibrium respectively are related as

1
(a) NO( g ) + O2( g ) NO2( g ) (b) 2 NO2( g ) 2 NO( g ) + O2( g ) are relates as:
2
Options:
(a) K1 = K 2
1
(b) K 2 =
K1

(c) K1 = 2 K 2

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1
(d) K 2 =
K12

1
Sol: K 2 =
K12

Ans: (d)
25. The reaction quotient ' Qc ' is useful in predicting the direction of the reaction. Which of the following is

incorrect?
Options:
(a) If Qc = K c , The reaction is at equilibrium

(b) If Qc  K c , the forward reaction is favoured

Qc  K c
(c) If , forward reaction is favoured
Qc  K c
(d) If , the reverse reaction is favoured
Sol: Qc  K c Reverse reaction or backward reaction takesplace.

Ans: (c)
26. For a reversible reaction, if the concentrations of the reactants are doubled, the equilibrium constant will
be
Options:
(a) halved
(b) doubled
(c) the same
(d) one fourth
Sol: One fourth
Ans: (d)
27. For the equilibrium:

MgCO3 ( s ) MgO ( s ) + CO2 ( g )

Which of the following expressions is correct?

Options:
PMgO  PCO2
(a) K p =
PMgCO3

(b) K p =
 MgCO3 
 MgOCO2 
(c) K p = PMgO + PCO2

(d) K p = PCO2

Sol: K p = PCO2

Ans: (d)

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1
28. In the reaction; Fe ( OH )3( s ) Fe3−( aq ) + 3OH (−aq ) , if the concentration of OH − ions is decreased by
4

times, then the equilibrium concentration of Fe3+ will increase by,

Options:
(a) 8 times
(b) 16 times
(c) 64 times
(d) 4 times

Sol: Fe ( OH )3( s ) Fe3+ ( aq ) + 3OH − ( aq )

3
K =  Fe3+  OH − 
  
3
1  1 3
K1 =  Fe3+   OH −  =  Fe3+   OH − 
  4    64  

To make K = K1

 Fe3+  has to be multiplied by 64. i.e.  Fe3+  will be 64 times.

   
Ans: (c)

29. The equilibrium constant for the reaction N 2( g ) + O2 ( g ) 2 NO( g ) is 4  10− 4 at 2000 K . In presence of

a catalyst the equilibrium is attained ten times faster. Therefore the equilibrium constant in presence of
catalyst at 2000 K is

Options:

(a) 4  10−3

(b) 4  10−4

(c) 4  10−2

(d) 40  10 −4
Sol: Equilibrium constant is not changed when temperature is constant.
Ans: (b)
n
30. The relationship between K p and K c is K p = K c ( RT ) . What would be the value of n for the reaction

NH 4Cl ( s ) NH 3 ( g ) + HCl ( g ) ?

Options:
(a) 1
(b) 0.5
(c) 1.5
(d) 2

Sol: NH 4Cl ( s ) NH 3 ( g ) + HCl ( g )

n = 1 + 1 − 0 = 2
Ans: (d)
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31. Three sparingly soluble salts A2 X , AX and AX 3 have the same solubility product. Their solubilities will be

in the order
Options:
(a) AX 3  AX  A2 X

(b) AX 3  A2 X  AX

(c) AX  AX 3  A2 X

(d) AX  A2 X  AX 3

Sol: A2 X 2 A+ + X 2−
2S S

K sp = ( 2S ) ( S ) = 4S 3
2

1/3
S =  K sp / 4 

AX A+ + X −
S1 S1

K sp = ( S1 )
2

( )
1/2
S1 = K sp

AX 3 A3+ + 3 X −
S2 3S 2

K sp = ( S2 )( 3S2 ) = 27 S2 4
3

1/4
S2 =  K sp / 27 

Ans: (d)

32. Hydrogen ion concentration of an aqueous solution is 1  10−4 M . The solution is diluted with equal

volume of water. Hydroxyl ion concentration of the resultant solution in terms of mol dm −3 is
Options:

(a) 0.5  10−10

(b) 2  10−10

(c) 1  10−6

(d) 1  10−8

Sol:  H +  concentration after dilution = 10−4/2

 

10−14 10−14  2
Thus, OH −  = = = 2  10−10 M
  H +  10−4
 

Ans: (b)

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33. 20 ml of 0.5 N HCl and 35 ml of 0.1N NaOH are mixed. The resulting solution will
Options:
(a) be basic
(b) be neutral
(c) turn methyl orange red
(d) turn phenolphthalein solution pink
Sol: Since M  V of acid is greater than M  V of base, so the resulting solution will be acidic an turns
phenolphthalein solution pink.
Ans: (d)
34. The pair of compound which cannot exist together in solution is
Options:
(a) NaHCO3 and H 2O

(b) Na2CO3 and NaOH

(c) NaHCO3 and NaOH

(d) NaHCO3 and Na2CO3

Sol: NaHCO3 is an acidic salt and NaOH is a basic salt, so these cannot exist together in solution.

Ans: (c)
35. In an acidic buffer, the ratio of concentration of salt to acid is ten. The pH of the buffer is equal to:

Options:
(a) K a of acid

(b) pK a + 1

(c) K a + 1

(d) pK a + 2

Sol: pH = pK a + log
Salt 
 Acid 
Given Salt  /  Acid  = 10  pH = pK a + log10 = pK a + 1

Ans: (b)
36. Conjugate base of hydrazoic acid is
Options:

(a) HN3−

(b) N 2−

(c) Azide ion

(d) Nitride ion

Sol: HN3 → H+ + N3−

Hydrazoic Acid Conjugate base
( Azide ion )

Ans: (c)

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37. Which among the following acts as a basic buffer?

Options:
(a) NH 4Cl + NH 4OH

(b) NaCl + NaOH

(c) NH 4Cl + CH 3COOH

(d) CH 3COONa + CH 3COOH

Sol: Weak base ( NH 4OH ) + Salt of a strong acid ( NH 4Cl )

Ans: (a)

38. According to Lewis concept, an acid is:

Options:
(a) Proton donor
(b) electron pair donor
(c) electron pair acceptor
(d) proton acceptor
Sol: Electron pair acceptor.
Ans: (c)

39. An aqueous solution with pH value zero is:

Options:
(a) Acidic
(b) Alkaline
(c) Neutral
(d) Amphoteric
Sol: Solution with pH = 0 is acidic in nature.

Ans: (a)

40. Conjugate acid of HF2− is

Options:
(a) HF
(b) H 2 F2

(c) F2−

(d) H +

Sol: HF2− + H + H 2 F2
Base Conjugate acid

Ans: (b)

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41. On adding a few drops of H 2 SO4 to water

Options:
(a) Ionic product will increase
(b) Ionic product will decrease

(c) OH −  will increase

 

(d) OH −  will decrease

 

Sol: On adding H 2 SO4 to water, conc. Of H + ions increase. Thus to keep K w constant, OH −  conc.
 

decreases.
Ans: (d)
42. A buffer solution with pH more than 9 can be prepared by mixing:

Options:
(a) CH 3COONa and CH 3COOH

(b) NaCl and NaOH

(c) NH 4Cl and NH 4OH

(d) KH 2 PO4 and K 2 HPO4

Sol: a basic buffer has pH more than 7 (may be 9)

Ans: (c)
43. A buffer solution can be prepared from a mixture of
(1) sodium acetate and acetic acid in water
(2) sodium acetate and hydrochloric acid in water
(3) ammonia and ammonium chloride in water
(4) ammonia and sodium hydroxide in water
Options:
(a) 1, 3, 4
(b) 2, 3, 4
(c) 1, 2, 4
(d) 1, 2, 3
Sol: In all the 1, 2, 3 buffer solution and prepared. In choice 2, when CH 3COONa reacts with HCl it forms

CH 3COOH + NaCl.

Ans: (d)
44. Which of the following is not correct as lewis acid?
Options:
(a) BF3

(b) CO2

(c) SnCl4

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(d) CCl4

Sol: CCl4 is not a lewis acid due to the absence of vacant d -orbitals.

Ans: (d)
45. Which among the following is the least soluble?
Options:

(
(a) MnS K sp = 7  10−16 )
(
(b) FeS K sp = 4  10−19 )
(
(c) PtS K sp = 8  10−73 )
(
(d) NiS K sp = 3  10−12 )
Sol: Solubility product  solubility
 PtS having least K sp is least soluble.

Ans: (c)

46. The concept that an acid is proton donor and base is a proton acceptor was introduced by
Options:
(a) Arrhenius
(b) Bronsted-Lowry
(c) Lewis
(d) Faraday
Sol: (2) is the correct answer.
Ans: (b)

47. Identify a species which is ‘NOT’ a Bronsted acid but a Lewis acid.
Options:
(a) BF3

(b) H 3O +

(c) NH 3

(d) HCl

Sol: Bronsted acid: Which gives H +

Lewis acid : Which accepts a pair of electrons.

BF3 cannot give H + but can accept a pair of electrons.

BF3 + NH 3 → H 3 N → BF3

Ans: (a)

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( )
48. Solubility of Ca ( OH )2 is S mol liter −1 . The solubility product K sp under the same condition is

Options:

(a) 4 s3

(b) 3 s 4

(c) 4 s 2

(d) s 3

Sol: Ca ( OH )2 Ca 2+ + 2OH −
S S
S mol L−1

2
K sp = Ca 2+  OH − 
  

( )
= ( s ) 2s 2 = 4s3

Ans: (a)
49. The pH of gastric juice is normally

Options:
(a) greater than 1.5 and less than 2.0
(b) less than 1.5
(c) greater than 2 and less than 3.0
(d) less than 1 and greater than zero
Sol: Gastric juice is acidic. Its pH is between 1.5 − 2.0

Ans: (a)
50. What will be the ionisation constant of formic acid if its 0.01M solution is 14.5% ionised?
Options:

(a) 2.1  10−4

(b) 14.5
(c) 0.145

(d) 1.45  10 −4

Sol: K a = c 2

14.5
= = 0.145
100

K a = 0.01  ( 0.145 ) = 2.1 10−4

2

Ans: (a)

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51. Equimolar solutions of HF , HCOOH and HCN at 298K have the values of K a as 6.8  10−4 ,1.8  10−4

and 4.8  10−9 respectively. What will be the order of their acidic strength?
Options:
(a) HF  HCN  HCOOH
(b) HF  HCOOH  HCN
(c) HCN  HF  HCOOH
(d) HCOOH  HCN  HF

Sol: Acidic strength  K a

Ans: (b)

52. What will be the pH of a soft drink if hydrogen ion concentration in sample is 3.8  10−3 M ?

Options:
(a) 3.8
(b) 5.04
(c) 2.42
(d) 9.2

Sol: pH = − log  H + 
 

(
= − log 3.8  10−3 = 2.42 )
Ans: (c)
53. Match the column I with Column II and mark the appropriate choice.
Column I Column II
(A) Fe ( OH )3 (i) K sp = s 2

(B) Ag 2CrO4 (ii) K sp = 27 s 4

(C) CH 3COOAg (iii) K sp = 108s5

(D) Ca3 ( PO4 )2 (iv) K sp = 4 s3

Options:
(a) ( A ) → (iii ), ( B ) → ( ii ) , ( C ) → ( iv ) , ( D ) → ( i )

(b) ( A ) → (ii ), ( B ) → ( iv ) , ( C ) → ( i ) , ( D ) → ( iii )

(c) ( A ) → (i ), ( B ) → ( iii ) , ( C ) → ( ii ) , ( D ) → ( iv )

(d) ( A ) → (iv), ( B ) → ( i ) , ( C ) → ( iii ) , ( D ) → ( ii )

Sol: (a) Fe ( OH )3 Fe3+ + 3OH − ; K sp = 27 s 4

s ( 3s )3

(b) Ag2CrO4 2 Ag + + CrO42− ; K sp = 4s3

( 2 s )2 s

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(c) CH 3COOAg CH 3COO − + Ag + ; K sp = s 2

s s

(d) Ca3 ( PO4 )2 3Ca 2+ + 2 PO43− ; K sp = 108s5

( 3s )3 ( 2 s )2
Ans: (b)
54. Solubility product expression of salt MX 4 which sparingly soluble with a solubility s can be given as

Options:

(a) 256s 5

(b) 16s 3
(c) 5s

(d) 25s 4

Sol: MX 4 M + + 4X −
s 4s

K sp = s  ( 4s ) = 256s5
4

Ans: (a)
55. Which of the following is not an application of solution product?
Options:
(a) Predicting precipitation formation
(b) Predicting Solubility of sparingly soluble salt
(c) Predicting pH of a buffer solution

(d) Qualitative analysis

Sol: Predicting pH of a buffer solution

Ans: (c)
56. Nucleophiles are __________ while electrophiles are __________.
Options:
(a) Lewis bases, Lewis acids
(b) Lewis bases, Lewis bases
(c) Bronsted acids, Bronsted bases
(d) Lewis acids, Bronsted bases
Sol: Nucleophiles are Lewis bases while electrophiles are Lewis acids.
Ans: (a)
57. If the pH of a solution is 2, the hydrogen ion concentration in moles per litre is

Options:

(a) 1  10−14

(b) 1  10−2

(c) 1  10−7

(d) 1  10−12

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Sol: pH = − log  H + 
 

2 = − log  H +  ;  H +  = 1  10−2
   

Ans: (b)
58. Given below are the dissociation constant values of few acids. Arrange them in order of increasing acidic
strength.

H 2 SO3 = 1.3  10−2 , HNO2 = 4  10−4 , CH 3COOH = 1.8  10−5 , HCN = 4  10−10

Options:
(a) HCN  CH 3COOH  HNO2  H 2 SO3

(b) CH 3COOH  HNO2  HCN  H 2 SO3

(c) CH 3COOH  HCN  H 2 SO3  HNO2

(d) HNO2  H 2 SO3  CH 3COOH  HCN

Sol: Acidic strength  K a

Ans: (a)
59. An acidic buffer solution can be prepared by mixing the solution of
Options:
(a) sodium acetate and acetic acid
(b) ammonium acetate and ammonium hydroxide
(c) sodium chloride and sodium hydroxide
(d) potassium sulphate and sulphuric acid.
Sol: A mixture of acetic acid and sodium acetate acts as a buffer with pH around 4.75.

Ans: (a)

60. K a for CH 3COOH is 1.8  10−5 and Kb for NH 4OH is 1.8  10−5 . The pH of ammonium acetate will be

Options:
(a) 7.005
(b) 4.75
(c) 7.0
(d) between 6 and 7
Sol: CH 3COONH 4 is a salt of weak acid ( CH 3COOH ) and weak base ( NH 4OH ) .

1
pH = 7 + ( pK a − pKb )
2

( )
pK a = − log K a = − log 1.8  10−5 = 4.74

( )
pKb = − log Kb = − log 1.8  10−5 = 4.74

1
pH = 7 + ( 4.74 − 4.74 ) = 7.0
2
Ans: (c)

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Mathematics
Multiple Choice Questions with one correct answer. A correct answer carries 1 mark. No negative
mark. 60 x 1 = 60
61. Which of the following is an empty set?
Options:


(a) x x is a real number and x 2 − 1 = 0 

(b) x x is real, and x 2 + 1 = 0 

(c) x x is real, and x 2 − 9 = 0 
(d)  x x is real and x 2 = x + 2

Sol: Clearly x 2 + 1 = 0  x 2 = −1  x is not real.

Ans: (b)
62. A and B are two sets, then A − B =  , if and only if

Options:
(a) A  B
(b) B  A
(c) A = B
(d) A  B = 

Sol: If A  B , then A − B =  and conversely.

Ans: (a)
63. If A and B are any two sets then ( A − B )  ( B − A ) =

Options:
(a) ( A  B ) − ( A  B )

(b) A  B
(c) A  B

(d) ( A  B ) − ( A  B )

Sol: We have, ( A − B )  ( B − A )  A  B = A  B

Also, A − B, B − A and A  B are pairwise disjoint.

 ( A − B )  ( B − A) = ( A  B ) − ( A  B )
Ans: (a)
64. If A =  x : x is a multiple of 2 , B =  x : x is a multiple of 5 , then A − B is

Options:
(a) A ' B
(b) A  B '
(c) A ' B ' (d) ( A  B ) '

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Sol: A − B = x is a multiple of 2 but not a multiple of 5

 A− B = A B'
Ans: (b)

65. If A = 1, 2,3, 4,5 , then the number of proper subsets of A is

Options:
(a) 120
(b) 30
(c) 31
(d) 32

Sol: A has 5 elements. Thus the number of subsets is 25 = 32 . Out of this A is an improper subset. Thus
the required number is 31.
Ans: (c)
66. If A and B are two sets, then A  ( A  B ) =

Options:
(a) A
(b) B
(c) 

(d) A  B

Sol: We have, A  ( A  B ) . Thus, A  ( A  B ) = A

Ans: (a)

 
67. The set A = x : x  R, x 2 = 16 and 2 x = 6 equals

Options:
(a) 

(b) 3, 4

(c) 3

(d) 4

Sol: x 2 = 16  x = 4
2x = 6  x = 3
There is no value of x which satisfies both the above equations.
Thus, A =  .

Ans: (a)
68. Let A = 1, 2,3, 4 , then total number of subsets of A =

Options:
(a) 4
(b) 8
(c) 12 (d) 16

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Sol: Total number of subsets = 24 = 16

Ans: (d)
69. The set of intelligent students in a class is
Options:
(a) a null set
(b) a singleton set
(c) a finite set
(d) not a well defined collection.
Sol:
This is not a well defined collection.
[ intelligency is not well defined for students in a class].
Ans: (d)
70. If A = 1, 2,3 and B = 1,3,5, 7 , then A  B =

Options:
(a) 1, 3, 5, 7

(b) 1, 2,3,5, 7

(c) 1, 2, 3, 7

(d) 1,3

Sol:
A  B = 1, 2,3,5, 7

Ans: (b)
71. Two finite sets A and B have m and n elements respectively. If the total number of subsets of A is 112
more than the total number of subsets of B , then the value of m is
Options:
(a) 7
(b) 9
(c) 10
(d) 12
Sol:
By the given condition

2m − 2n = 112 = 16  7 = 24  7

( )
 2n 2m − n − 1 = 24  7

 n = 4 and 2m − n − 1 = 7

 2m − n = 8 = 23  m − n = 3
 m−4 = 3 m = 7
Ans: (a)

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72. Which of the following is a null set?

Options:
(a) 0

(b)  x : x  0 or x  0


(c) x : x 2 = 4 or x = 3 

(d) x : x 2 + 4 = 0, x  R 
Sol:

Since x 2 + 4 = 0  x =  2i

 
 x : x 2 + 4 = 0, x  R =  = A null set

Ans: (d)
73. If A  B, then A  B is equal to
Options:
(a) A
(b) B  A
(c) B
(d) 

Sol: Since A  B  A  B = B
Ans: (c)
74. Let A and B be two sets, then
Options:

(a) ( A  B )  ( A  B )

(b) ( A  B )  ( A  B )

(c) ( A  B ) = ( A  B )

(d) ( A  B )  ( A  B ) = 

Sol:

( A  B)  A  ( A  B)
( A  B)  ( A  B)

Ans: (b)

 
75. If A = x : x 2 − 2 x − 3 = 0, x  N , then n ( A ) =

Options:
(a) 2
(b) 3
(c) 1
(d) 0

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Sol: x 2 − 2 x − 3 = ( x − 3)( x + 1) = 0  x = −1, 3

 x = 3 xN  A = 3 n ( A ) = 1

Ans: (c)

76. X = 1, 2, 3, 4 ,5. Then which of the following is not correct

Options:
(a) 1 X

(b) 3, 4  X

(c) 3  X

(d) 2,5  X

Sol:
(c) is not correct because 3 is not an element of X .
Ans: (c)

77. Let A = a, b, c. Then number of subsets of A

Options:
(a) 8
(b) 4
(c) 16
(d) none of these
Sol:

n ( A) = 2

n ( P ( A ) ) = 22 = 4

Ans: (b)
78. Which of the following is false?
Options:

then A  A =
C
(a) if A is a subset of universal set

then ( A  B ) = AC  BC
C
(b) if A and B are two subsets of a universal set

(c) if A − B = A, then B = 

is universal set then ( A  B ) =

C
(d) if A and B are two disjoint sets and

Sol: (c) is wrong

For example A = 1, 2,3 B = 4,5

A − B = A But B  
Ans: (c)

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   
79. Let A = x : x = n 2 , n  N and x  100 B = x : x = n3 , n  N and x  100 then A  B has

Options:
(a) no element
(b) one element
(c) two elements
(d) three elements


Sol: A = 12 , 22 ,32 , 42 ,52 102 
= 1, 4,9,16, 25,36, 100


B = 13 , 23 ,33 , 43  1,8, 27, 64
A  B = 1, 64  2 elements

Ans: (c)

80. A = 1, 2,3, 4,5 R = ( x, y ) : y = 2 x + 1, x, y  A then relation R in roster from is

Options:

(a) (1,3) , ( 2,5)

(b) (1,3) , ( 2,5) , ( 3, 7 ) , ( 4,9 ) , (5,11)
(c) ( 3,1) , ( 5, 2 )
(d) none of these

Sol: R = ( x, y ) y = 2 x + 1, x  A, y  A

 R = (1,3) , ( 2,5 )

Ans: (a)
81. If the set A has p elements, B has q elements, then the number of elements in A  B is

Options:
(a) p + q

(b) p + q + 1

(c) pq

(d) p 2

Sol: Standard result.

Ans: (c)
82. If A = 2, 4 and B = 3, 4,5 then ( A  B )  ( A  B ) =

Options:

(a) ( 2, 2 ) , ( 3, 4 ) , ( 4, 2 ) , (5, 4 )
(b) ( 2,3) , ( 4,3) , ( 4,5)

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(c) ( 2, 4 ) , ( 3, 4 ) , ( 4, 4 ) , ( 4,5 ) (d) ( 4, 2 ) , ( 4,3) , ( 4, 4 ) , ( 4,5 )

Sol:
A  B = 4 , A  B = 2,3, 4,5

 ( A  B )  ( A  B ) = ( 4, 2 ) , ( 4,3) , ( 4, 4 ) , ( 4,5 )
Ans: (d)
83. Let A = 1, 2 , B = 3, 4 and C = 4,5 . Then ( A − B )  ( B − C ) is

Options:

(a) (1,3) , ( 2,3)

(b) (1,3) , (1, 4 )
(c) ( 2,3) , ( 2, 4 )
(d) (1, 4 ) , ( 2,3)
Sol: A = 1, 2 , B = 3, 4 , C = 4,5

A − B = 1, 2 , B − C = 3

 ( A − B )  ( B − C ) = (1,3) , ( 2,3)

Ans: (a)
84. If A = 1, 2,3, 4 then the number of elements in A  A is

Options:
(a) 4
(b) 8
(c) 12
(d) 16
Sol: If n ( A ) = m and n ( B ) = n therefore

n( A B) = m  n

Thus, the number of elements in A  A = 16

n ( A) = 4

Ans: (d)

 
85. If A = x : x 2 − 5 x + 6 = 0 , B = 2, 4 , C = 4,5 , then A  ( B  C ) =

Options:

(a) ( 2, 4 ) , ( 3, 4 )
(b) ( 4, 2 ) , ( 4,3)
(c) ( 2, 4 ) , ( 3, 4 ) , ( 4, 4 )
(d) ( 2, 2 ) , ( 3,3) , ( 4, 4 ) , (5,5 )

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Sol: x 2 − 5 x + 6 = 0

 ( x − 3)( x − 2 ) = 0  x = 3, 2

 A = 2,3 , B = 2, 4 , C = 4,5

A = 2,3 , B  C = 4

 A  ( B  C ) = ( 2, 4 ) , ( 3, 4 )

Ans: (a)
86. In the set X = a, b, c, d  which of the following relations is a function?

Options:

(a) R1 = ( b, a ) , ( a, b ) , ( c, d ) , ( a, c )

(b) R2 = ( a, d ) , ( d , c ) , ( b, b ) , ( c, c )

(c) R3 = ( a, b ) , ( b, c ) , ( c, d ) , ( b, d )

(d) R4 = ( a, a ) , ( b, b ) , ( c, c ) , ( c, d )

Sol: Question based on the definition of function: R1 is not a function, because of ' a ' is associated to two

different elements ' b ' and ' c ' .

R3 and R4 are also not functions for the same reason. R2 is a function from X into X .

Ans: (b)
87. Let A = 1, 2,3 and B = 2,3, 4 , then which of the following relation is a function from A into B

Options:

(a) ( 2, 2 ) , (1,3) , ( 2, 4 ) , (3, 2 )

(b) (1, 4 ) , ( 2, 4 ) , ( 3, 4 )
(c) ( 2, 2 ) , ( 3, 4 )
(d) (1, 2 ) , ( 2,3) , (3, 4 ) , (3,3)
Sol: In (a) image of 2 is not unique. In (c) image of 1 is not defined. In (d) image of 3 is not unique. Thus,
(b) is a function.
Ans: (b)

88. Domain of a 2 − x 2 ( a  0 ) is

Options:
(a) ( − a, a )

(b)  − a, a 

(c)  0, a 

(d) ( − a, 0

Sol: a 2 − x 2 is defined for a 2 − x 2  0

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Now, a 2 − x 2  0

 a2  x2

 x 2  a 2  − a  x  a =  − a, a 

Ans: (b)

89. The domain and the range of real function f defined by f ( x ) = x − 1 are

Options:
(a) Domain = (1,  ) , Range = ( 0,  )

(b) Domain = 1,  ) , Range = ( 0,  )

(c) Domain = 1,  ) , Range =  0,  )

(d) Domain = 1,  ) , Range =  0,  

Sol: We have, f ( x ) = x − 1

x − 1 is defined, for x − 1  0  x  1

 Domain = 1,  )

Clearly, range =  0,  )

Ans: (c)

2 x x3
 2
90. Let, f : R → R defined by f ( x ) =  x 1  x  3 . Then f ( −1) + f ( 2 ) + f ( 4 ) =
3x x 1

Options:
(a) 9
(b) 14
(c) 5
(d) None of these

Sol: Now, f ( −1) = 3 ( −1) = −3 ( − 1  1)

f ( 2 ) = 22 = 4 ( − 1  2  3)

f ( 4) = 2 ( 4) = 8 ( 4  3)

 f ( −1) + f ( 2 ) + f ( 4 ) = 9

Ans: (a)

x2 + 2 x + 1
91. The domain of the function f ( x ) =
x2 − x − 6
Options:
(a) R − 3, −2

(b) R − −3, 2

(c) R − 3, −2 

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(d) R − ( 3, −2 )

x2 + 2 x + 1 x2 + 2 x + 1
Sol: We have, f ( x ) = =
x2 − x − 6 ( x − 3)( x + 2 )
Clearly, f ( x ) is defined for all x  R such that x  3 and x  −2

 Domain = R − −2,3

Ans: (a)

2 x + 7 when x  2
92. The function f : R → R is defined by f ( x ) =  , the values of f ( 2 ) and f ( −2 ) are
 x − 4 when x  2
respectively
Options:
(a) 0,3
(b) 11, 6
(c) 11, −6
(d) 3,11
Sol:

f ( 2 ) = 2 ( 2 ) + 7 = 11

f ( −2 ) = −2 − 4 = −6  − 2  2

Ans: (c)

93. If A = −2, −1, 0,1, 2 and g : A → R is a function defined by g ( x ) = x 2 + 1 , then the range of g is

Options:
(a) A
(b) 1, 2, 0

(c) 2,1, −2

(d) 5, 2,1

Sol:

g ( x ) = x 2 + 1, g ( −2 ) = 5; g ( 0 ) = 1; g (1) = 2; g ( 2 ) = 5

Range of g is 5, 2,1

Ans: (d)

94. If A  B = (1, 0 ) , (1, 2 ) , ( 2,3) , (1,3) , ( 0, 2 ) , then A and B are respectively

Options:
(a) 1, 2 and 0, 2,3

(b) 1, 2, 0 and 0, 2

(c) 1, 2, 0 and 0, 2,3

(d) 1, 2 and 2,3

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Sol: A  B = (1, 0 ) , (1, 2 ) , ( 2,3) , (1,3) , ( 0, 2 )

We know that the first co-ordinate corresponds to A and second co-ordinate to B .

 A = 1, 2, 0 and B = 0, 2,3

Ans: (c)

( ) (
95. If f ( x ) = x 2 + 1 then f a 2 − 1 + f a 2 + 1 = )
Options:

(
(a) 2 a 4 + 1 )
( )
(b) 2 a 4 + 2

(c) 2 ( a 4 − a 2 )

(d) none of these

Sol:

( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
f a2 − 1 + f a2 + 1 = a2 − 1 + 1 + a2 + 1 + 1

= a 4 − 2a 2 + 1 + 1 + a 4 + 2a 2 + 1 + 1

(
= 2a 4 + 4 = 2 a 4 + 2 )
Ans: (b)
1
96. The domain the function f ( x ) = is
1 + x2
Options:

(a) R − −1.1

(b) R − 1

(c) R
(d) none of these
Sol:

1 + x 2  0 for all x  R
1
 is always defined
1 + x2
 Domain is R
Ans: (c)

97. Let f ( x ) =  x  when   indicates the greatest integer function. The value of f ( −2.1) + f ( 2.1) =
Options:
(a) 0
(b) 1
(c) −1
(d) none of these

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Sol: f ( −2.1) + f ( 2.1) =  −2.1 +  2.1 = −3 + 2 = −1

Ans: (c)
98. Let A = 1, 2,3,....14 , Define a relation R from A to A by R = { ( x, y ) : 3 x − y = 0 where x, y  A } . Then its

domain and range are respectively:

Options:
(a) 1, 2,3 and 3, 6,9

(b) 3, 6,9 and 1, 2,3

(c) 3, 6,9,12 and 1, 2,3, 4

(d) 1, 2,3, 4 and 3, 6,9,12

Sol:
A = 1, 2,3,....14

R = ( x, y ) / 3x − y = 0, x, y  A

= (1,3) , ( 2,6 ) , ( 3,9 ) , ( 4,12 )

Dom R = 1, 2,3, 4

Range R = 3,6,9,12

Ans: (d)

99. The range of f ( x ) = 4 − x 2 is

Options:
(a)  −2, 2

(b)  0, 2

(c)  0,  )

(d)  2,  )

Sol:

Given, y = 4 − x 2

y 2 = 4 − x2

2
x2 = 4 − y 2  x = 4 − y

2
4 − y 2  0  −2  y  2 , but y = 4 − x  0

0  y  2

 Range =  0, 2

Ans: (b)

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x −1
100. The range of f ( x ) = is
x +1
Options:
(a) R
(b) R − −1

(c) R − 1

(d) R − −1,1

Sol:
f ( x ) is not defined for x = −1

 Domain =  x / x  R and x  −1

x −1
Given y =  y ( x + 1) = x − 1
x +1
 xy + y = x − 1  xy − x = − y − 1

x ( y − 1) = − ( y + 1)

y +1
 x=  y 1
1− y

 Range =  y / y  R and y  1

Ans: (c)

101. The domain of the function f ( x ) = 3 − x is

Options:
(a) ( 3,  )

(b) 3,  )

(c) ( −, 3)

(d) ( −, 3

Sol: 3 − x  0  3  x or x  3

Domain =  x : x  R, x  3

Ans: (d)

x 2 5 1 x
102. If  + 1, y −  =  ,  , then the value of =
3 3  3 3 y

Options:
1
(a)
2
(b) 2
1
(c) −
2
(d) −2

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Sol:

x 2 5 1
 + 1, y −  =  , 
3 3  3 3

x 5 x 2
 +1 =  =  x = 2
3 3 3 3
2 1 3
y− =  y = =1
3 3 3
x 2
= =2
y 1

Ans: (b)
103. The mean deviation about the mean of 3, 5, 10, 16, 26 is:

Options:
(a) 7.3
(b) 7.2
(c) 7.1
(d) 8.2
Sol:
3 + 5 + 10 + 16 + 26 60
x= = = 12
5 5
9 + 7 + 2 + 4 + 14 36
= = = 7.2
5 5
Ans: (b)
104. The median of the data given below
3, 9, 5, 3, 12, 10, 18, 4, 7, 19, 21

Options:
(a) 9
(b) 10
(c) 12
(d) 9.5
Sol:
Arranging data is increasing order 3, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 10, 12, 18, 19, 21

Median = 6 th value = 9
Ans: (a)
105. Mean deviation about the medean of the following data: 8, 6, 9, 11, 12, 9

Options:
(a) 2.0
(b) 1.5
(c) 2.5
(d) 3.0

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Sol:
9+9
x x−m Median = =9
2
6 3
8 1
9 0
9 0
11 2
12 3
9
9 3
M D = = = 1.5
6 2
Ans: (b)
106. The variance of 3, 8, 4, 6, a is 5.2. The value of a is:

Options:
(a) 8
(b) 9
(c) 10
(d) 11
2
9 + 64 + 16 + 36 + a 2  3 + 8 + 4 + 6 + a 
Sol: 5.2 = − 
5  5 
2
125 + a 2  21 + a 
i.e. 5.2 = − 
5  5 

 2a 2 − 21a + 27 = 0
3
a= or a = 9
2
Ans: (b)
107. The mean of 5 observation is 3 and variance is 2. If three of the observations are 1, 4, 5 the remaining

two values are:

Options:
(a) 1, 4,

(b) 2, 3,

(c) 3, 4,

(d) None of these

Sol: Let the two values be a, b. 1 + 4 + 5 + a + b = 5  3 = 15

 a + b = 15 − 10 = 5 …(1)

12 + 42 + 52 + a 2 + b2
2= − 32
5

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42 + a 2 + b2
= − 9  a 2 + b2 = 13 …(2)
5
Solving (1) and (2) a = 2, b = 3

Ans: (b)
108. The mean of 20 observation was found to be 20.2 . But later on it was found that 23 was taken as 32 .
The correct mean is:
Options:
(a) 18.75
(b) 19.25
(c) 19.50
(d) 19.75
Sol:

x
x = 20.0 =   x = 404
20
 Correct  x = 404 − 32 + 23 = 395

395
 Correct mean = = 19.75
20
Ans: (d)
109. The mean of first 100 natural number is.
Options:
(a) 50.25
(b) 50.50
(c) 50.75
(d) None of these
Sol:
1 + 2 + 3 + + 100 100 101
x= = = 50.50
100 2 100
Ans: (b)
110. The variance of the first 10 multiple of 3
Options:
(a) 74.25
(b) 75.75
(c) 74.50
(d) None of these
Sol:
The first 10 multiple of 3 are 3, 6,9, 30.

Consider 1, 2, 3 10
2 2
12 + 22 + + 102  1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + + 10  385  55 
2 = −  = − 
10  10  10  10 

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= 38.50 − 30.25 = 8.25

 Required  2 = 9  8.25 = 74.25

Ans: (a)

111. In a experiment with 20 observations on x it is given that  x = 60,  x 2 = 500 . The standard deviation
is:
Options:
(a) 16
(b) 4
(c) 2
(d) None of these
2 2
 x2   x  500  60 
Sol:  2 = −  = −   = 16  = 4
20  20  20  20 
Ans: (b)
112. The variance of the first n natural numbers:
Options:

n2 + 1
(a)
12

n2 − 1
(b)
12

n2 + 2
(c)
12
(d) None of these
2
 x2   x 
Sol:  2 = − 
n  n 
2
12 + 22 + 32 + + n2  1+ 2 + 3 + n
= − 
n  n 

n ( n + 1)( 2n + 1)  n + 1 2 n2 − 1
= −  =
6n  2  12
Ans: (b)
113. The standard deviation of the data 6,5,9,13,12,8,10 is

Options:

52
(a)
7

52
(b)
7

(c) 6

(d) 6
1 63
Sol: Now, x = ( 6 + 5 + 9 + 13 + 12 + 8 + 10 ) = = 9
7 7

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 xi2 = 36 + 25 + 81 + 169 + 144 + 64 + 100 = 619

S.D. =  xi2 − ( x )2
n

619 619 − 567 52

− (9) =
2
S.D. = =
7 7 7

Ans: (a)
114. Variance of the data 2,4,5,6,8,17 is 23.33 . Then variance of 4,8,10,12,16,34 will be

Options:
(a) 23.23
(b) 25.33
(c) 93.32
(d) 48.66
Sol: When each observation is multiplied by 2 , then the variance is multiplied by 4 .
 required variance = 23.33  4 = 93.32

Ans: (c)
115. When tested, the lives (in hours) of 5 bulbs were noted as follows: 1357, 1090, 1666, 1494, 1623 . The mean

deviation (in hours) from their mean is

Options:
(a) 178
(b) 179
(c) 220
(d) 356
Sol:

Now, x =
 x = 1 (1357 + 1090 + 1666 + 1494 + 1623)
n 5

M.D.( x ) =
 x−x =
1
89 + 356 + 220 + 48 + 177
n 5
890
= = 178
5
Ans: (a)
116. Let a, b, c, d , e be the observations with mean m and standard deviation s . The standard deviation of the

observations of a + k , b + k , c + k , d + k , e + k is

Options:
(a) s
(b) ks
(c) s + k
s
(d)
k
Sol:
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We know that when each observation is increased by a constant, the standard deviation is unchanged.

 required S.D. = s

Ans: (a)
117. A batsman scores runs in 10 innings as 38,70,48,34,42,55,63,46,54 and 44 . The mean deviation about

mean is
Options:
(a) 8.8
(b) 6.4
(c) 10.6
(d) 7.6
Sol:
1
Now, X = ( 38 + 70 + 48 + 34 + 45 + 55 + 63 + 46 + 54 + 44 )
10
494
= = 49.4
10

 xi − x = 10 11.4 + 20.6 + 1.4 + 15.4 + 7.4 + 5.6 + 13.6 + 3.4 + 4.6 + 5.4
1 1
M.D.( x ) =
n
1
= (88.8) = 8.8
10
Ans: (a)
118. Consider the numbers 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 . If 1 is added to each number the variance of the number so
obtained is
Options:
(a) 6.5
(b) 2.87
(c) 3.87
(d) 8.25

Sol: Now, S.D. of the number is 8.25 = 2.87 .

S.D. does not change if each observation is increased by a quantity k .
 S.D. = 2.87

( )
2
 Variance = ( S.D.) =
2
8.25 = 8.25

Ans: (d)
119. The standard deviation of some temperature data in C is 5 . If the data were converted into F , the
variance would be
Options:
(a) 81
(b) 57
(c) 36 (d) 25
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9
Sol: We have the standard result, F = C + 32
5
Variance of data in F
2
9
=   . (Variance data in C )
5

 81 
=    52 = 81
 25 

Ans: (a)
120. The mean deviation about the mean of the following data
x 1 2 3 4 5

f 1 2 3 2 1
Options:
8
(a)
9
9
(b)
8
1
(c)
8
(d) none of these
 fx 11 + 2  2 + 3  3 + 4  2 + 5 1 27
Sol: x = = = =3
f 9 9

 f x−x 1 ( 2 ) + 2 (1) + 3 ( 0 ) + 2 (1) + ( 2 ) 8

MD = = =
f 9 9

Ans: (a)

Physics
Multiple Choice Questions with one correct answer. A correct answer carries 1 mark. No negative
mark. 60 x 1 = 60
121. If CV = 4.96cal/mole K , then increase in internal energy when temperature of 2 moles of this gas is

increased from 340 K to 342 K

Options:
(a) 27.80 cal
(b) 19.84 cal
(c) 13.90 cal
(d) 9.92 cal
Sol: U = CV T = 2  4.96  (342 − 340) = 19.84 cal

Ans: (b)

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122. An ideal monatomic gas is taken through a cyclic process as shown in the PV diagram. Work done per
cycle is P
B ( 3P , 4 V )
Options:
(a) 2PV
(b) −3 PV
A ( P, V ) C ( P , 4 V)
(c) −6 PV V
(d) 0
1
Sol: Area under the curve = AC  BC
2
1
=  3V  2 P = −3PV
2
(Work done is negative since the cyclic process is in anti-clockwise direction)
Ans: (b)

123. In an isothermal expansion of ideal gas, the

Options:
(a) Internal energy of the gas increases
(b) Internal energy of the gas decreases
(c) Internal energy remains unchanged
(d) Average kinetic energy of gas molecule decreases
Sol: In isothermal expansion temperature remains constant, hence no change in internal energy.
Ans: (c)

124. A Carnot engine operates with source at 127°C and sink at 27°C . If the source supplies 40 k J of heat

energy, then the work done by the engine is

Options:
(a) 4 k J

(b) 1k J

(c) 30 k J

(d) 10 k J

Sol: T1 = 400 K , T2 = 300K and Q1 = 40 k J

Q2 T2
=
Q1 T1

Q2 300
=
40 400
Q2 = 30 k J

Work done by the engine = Q1 − Q2 = 40 − 30 = 10k J

Ans: (d)

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125. An ideal gas of volume 20 litre at 27C is heated at constant pressure to 127C . The increase in volume
of the gas is nearly
Options:
(a) 3.33litre

(b) 6.67 litre

(c) 0.33litre

(d) 0.667 litre

V V
Sol: 1 = 2
T1 T2

20 V
= 2
300 400
80
V2 = lit
3
80
Increase of volume = (V2 − V1 ) = − 20 = 6.67 litre
3
Ans: (b)
126. The equation of state for 32 g of oxygen (assuming it to be ideal) can be written as (where symbols have

usual meaning)
Options:
(a) PV = 2RT
(b) PV = RT
RT
(c) PV =
2
(d) PV = 16RT
Sol: PV = nRT
32
n= =1
32
 PV = 1RT
Ans: (b)
127. A pressure cooker contains air at 1 atm and 30°C. If the safety valve of the cooker blows when the inside
pressure  2 atm, then the maximum temperature of the air, inside the cooker can be
Options:
(a) 90 C

(b) 636 C

(c) 909 C

(d) 333 C

Sol: Since volume is constant,

P T 1 (273 + 30)
Hence 1 = 1  =
P2 T2 2 T2

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 T2 = 606 K = 333C

Ans: (d)
128. A gas is enclosed in a closed pot. On keeping this pot in a train moving with high speed, the temperature
of the gas
Options:
(a) Will increase
(b) Will decrease
(c) Will remain the same
(d) Will change according to the nature of the gas
Sol: The temperature of the gas will remain the same as there is no change in the average kinetic energy
of the gas molecules with respect to the container
Ans: (c)
129. The respective speeds of five molecules are 2 km/s, 1.5 km/s, 1.4 km/s, 1.4 km/s and 1.2 km/s. The most

probable speed in km/s will be

Options:
(a) 2
(b) 1.58
(c) 1.4
(d) 1.31
−1
Sol: vmp = 1.4 kms [Most probable speed is the speed which is possessed by maximum fraction of total

number of molecules of the gas]

Ans: (c)

130. The r.m.s. velocity of a gas at a certain temperature is 2 times that of the oxygen molecules at that
temperature. The gas can be
Options:
(a) H 2

(b)He
(c) CH 4

(d) SO2

1 v M2
Sol: vrms   1=
M v2 M1

1 M2
 =  M 2 = 16.
2 32

Hence the gas is CH 4 .

Ans: (c)

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131. If the mean free path of atoms is doubled then pressure of gas will become: ( P = initial pressure)
Options:
P
(a)
4
P
(b)
2
P
(c)
8
(d) P
1
Sol: P = nK BT and  =
2n d 2
1

P
P2 1  P
= P2 = P=
P1 2 2 2

Ans: (b)
CP
132. The ratio of two molar specific heats of CO is
CV

Options:
(a) 1.33
(b) 1.40
(c) 1.29
(d) 1.66
7 5
Sol: CO is diatomic gas, for diatomic gas CP = R and CV = R
2 2
CP 7 R / 2
  di = = = 1.4
CV 5R / 2

Ans: (b)
133.  for a gas is always

Options:
(a) Negative
(b) zero
(c) Between zero and one
(d) Between one and two
CP
Sol:  = and it is always larger than unity, even if gas is mono, dia or polyatomic.
CV

 = 1.67 Monatomic gas

 = 1.40 Di-atomic gas

Ans: (d)

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134. In a given process for an ideal gas, dW = 0 and dQ  0. Then for the gas

Options:
(a) The temperature will decrease
(b) The volume will increase
(c) The pressure will remain constant
(d) The temperature will increase
Sol: From First Law of Thermodynamics
 dU = dQ − dW  dU = dQ ( 0) ( dW = 0)

 dU  0 So temperature will decrease.

Ans: (a)

135. A gas of 10 kg is filled in a cylinder at the pressure of 107 N m −2 . The gas leaks out of cylinder and at one

stage its pressure is found to be 3  106 N m −2 . How much gas would have leaked out by then? Consider

the temperature to be constant.

Options:
(a) 3kg

(b) 7 kg

(c) 4kg

(d) 6kg

1 = 1RT , P2V =  2 RT
Sol: PV

P1 1 M1 PM 3  106  10
= = M2 = 2 1 = = 3 kg
P2 2 M 2 P1 107
As 3 kg gas is left, 7 kg gas would have leaked.

Ans: (b)

136. If the rms velocity of the molecules of a gas in a container is doubled then pressure of gas will
Options:
(a) become 4 times of its previous value
(b) become 2 times of its previous value
(c) remain same
(d) become ¼ of its previous value
1
Sol: P =  v 2rms 2
 P  vrms
3


2
P2 vrms2
= =
( 2vrms1 ) = 4
2

2
P1 vrms1 2
vrms1

 P2 = 4 P1

Ans: (a)

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137. Pressure ( P ) temperature (T ) relationship for an ideal gas undergoing adiabatic change is ( = C p / Cv )

Options:

(a) PT  = constant

(b) PT −1+  = constant

(c) P  −1T  = constant

(d) P1− T  = constant


 RT 
Sol: PV  = constant  P   = constant
 P 

 P1− T  = constant

Ans: (d)

138. A cylinder fitted with a piston contains 0.2 moles of air at temperature 27°C. The piston is pushed so
slowly that the air within the cylinder remains in thermal equilibrium with the surroundings. Find the
approximate work done by the system if the final volume is twice the initial volume.
Options:
(a) 543 J

(b) 345 J

(c) 453 J

(d) 600 J

V 
Sol: W = nRT log e  2  = 0.2  8.3  log e 2  (27 + 273)
 V1 
= 0.2  8.3  300  0.693 = 345 J

Ans: (b)
139. After food is cooked in a pressure cooker, it is advised not to open the lid of the cooker immediately.
Why?
Options:
(a) Food is in liquid form which may burn us
(b) Cooker may explode due to high pressure and temperature inside
(c) Cooker may deform due to forced opening
(d) The lid will get stuck and not open
Sol: Steam in the cooker is at high temperature and pressure. So, it tries to escape very hard and exerts
large forces on the lid of the cooker. Strong latches hold the lid, but it would explode apart if we try to
open the hot cooker. So it is advised to open the lid after cooling the cooker.
Ans: (b)

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140. By what percentage should the pressure of a given mass of a gas be decreased so as to increase its
volume by 10% at a constant temperature?
Options:
(a) 9.1%
(b) 7.1%
(c) 6.1%
(d) 11.1%
Sol: At constant temperature, Boyle’s law can be applied

1 1 = PV
Hence, PV 2 2

But V2 = 1.1V1

1 1 = P2 (1.1V1 )
 PV

10
or P2 = P1
11
P2 − P1
Percentage change in pressure = 100 .
P1

(10 /11) P1 − P1 10 −1
= = − 1 =  100 = −9.09%  −9.1%
P1 11 11

Ans: (a)

141. If a polyatomic gas has N vibrational modes in addition to translatory and rotatory degrees of freedom,

 C 
then ratio of specific heats of gas is   = P 
 CV 

Options:
8+ N
(a)
6+ N
6+ N
(b)
8+ N
6 + 2N
(c)
8 + 2N
8 + 2N
(d)
6 + 2N
2
Sol:  = 1 + (where, f is total number of degrees of freedom).
f

For each vibrational mode, there are two degrees of freedom – one translational, one rotational.
Here, f = 3 ( translational ) + 3 ( rotational ) + 2 N ( vibrational )

2 8 + 2N
  =1+ =
6 + 2N 6 + 2N
Ans: (d)

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142. A certain mass of gas at 273 K is expanded to 81 times its volume under adiabatic condition. If  = 1.25
for the gas, then its final temperature is
Options:
(a) 100 K
(b) 91 K
(c) 68 K
(d) 75 K

Sol: For adiabatic process TV  −1 = constant

 −1  −1
T V  V 
 2 = 1   T2 =  1   T1
T1  V2   V2 
1.25−1
1
T2 =    273
 81 
0.25
1
=   273  91K
 81 
Ans: (b)
143. A heat engine has an efficiency  . Temperature of source and sink are decreased by 100 K . The

efficiency of the engine

Options:
(a) Increases
(b) Decreases
(c) remains constant
(d) becomes ideal
T T −T
Sol:  = 1 − 2 = 1 2
T1 T1

 = 1 −
(T2 − 100 )
(T1 − 100 )
T − 100 − T2 + 100 T −T
= 1 = 1 2
T1 − 100 (T1 − 100 )
 ' increases because the denominator of  ' is less than the denominator of 

Ans: (a)

144. When heat energy of 1500 joules, is supplied to a gas at constant pressure 2.1  105 N/m 2 , there was an

increase in its volume equal to 2.5  10−3 m3 . The increase in internal energy of the gas in joules is

Options:
(a) 450
(b) 525
(c) 975
(d) 2025
Sol: According to First Law of Thermodynamics

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Q = U + W

Q =  U + P (  V )

 U = Q − P ( V )

( )( )
 U = 1500 − 2.1 105 2.5  10−3 = 975 joules

Ans: (c)
145. P − V diagram of an ideal gas is as shown in figure. Work done by the gas in process ABCD is
Options: P
(a) 4 P0V0
C D
(b) 2 P0V0 2P0

(c) 3P0V0 P0
B A
(d) P0V0 V
V0 2V0 3V0
Sol: WAB = − P0V0 , WBC = 0 and WCD = 4 P0V0

 W ABCD = − P0V0 + 0 + 4 P0V0 = 3P0V0

Ans: (c)
146. Two samples A and B of a gas initially at the same temperature and pressure are compressed from a
V
volume V to a volume isothermally and adiabatically respectively. The final pressure of A is
2
Options:
(a) Greater than that of B
(b) Equal to that of B
(c) less than that of B
(d) twice that of B
Sol: For isothermal process

1 1 = P2V2
PV

For adiabatic process,

 
1 1 = P2V2
PV

1 1 = P2V2
For A , PV

PV PV
P2 = 1 1 = 1 = 2 P1
V2  V 
 
2
 
1 1 = P2V2
For B , PV

 
  V 
 V1 
P2 = P1   = P1   = P1  2
 2
V   V  
  2  
 is always  1
 P2  2 P1 or P1  P2

Ans: (c)
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147. Heat given to a system is 35 joules and work done by the system is 15 joules. The change in the internal
energy of the system will be
Options:
(a) −50J

(b) 20J

(c) 30 J

(d) 50J

Sol: U = Q − W = 35 − 15 = 20 J .

Ans: (b)
148. Compressed air in the tube of a wheel of a cycle at normal temperature suddenly starts coming out from
a puncture. The air inside
Options:
(a) Starts becoming hotter
(b) Remains at the same temperature
(c) Starts becoming cooler
(d) May become hotter or cooler depending upon the amount of water vapour present
Sol: Pressure is reduced, so the temperature falls
Ans: (c)
149. Work done by 0.1 mole of a gas to double its volume at constant pressure when temperature changes by

300 C is ( R = 2calmol−1 C−1 )

Options:
(a) 54 cal

(b) 600 cal

(c) 60 cal

(d) 546 cal

Sol: W = PV = nRT = 0.1  2  300 = 60 cal

Ans: (c)
150. In a reversible isochoric change (where symbol have usual meaning)
Options:
(a) W = 0
(b) Q = 0

(c) T = 0
(d) U = 0
Sol: V = 0  PV = 0  W = 0
Ans: (a)

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151. The average velocity of the molecules of a gas in thermal equilibrium is ( T − temperature of gas)
Options:

(a) proportional to T
(b) proportional to T

(c) proportional to T 2

(d) proportional to T −1/2

8 RT
Sol: The average velocity or mean velocity, vAVG =  T
 M
Ans: (a)
152. An ideal gas ( = 1.5) is expanded adiabatically. How many times has the gas to be expanded to reduce

the root mean square velocity of molecules 2.0 times?

Options:
(a) 4 times
(b) 16 times
(c) 8 times
(d) 2 times

3RT
Sol: vrms =  vrms  T
M

T 1
vrms is to reduce two times i.e. temperature of the gas will have to reduce four times or =
T 4

During adiabatic process TV  −1 = T V   −1

1 1
V   T   −1
 =  = (4)1.5−1 = (4)2 = 16  V  = 16V
V  T 

Ans: (b)
153. Three samples of the same gas A, B and C have initially equal volume. Now the volume of each sample
is doubled. The process is adiabatic for A, isobaric for B and isothermal for C. If the final pressures are

equal for all three samples, then the ratio of their initial pressures are (  = 3 / 2 )

Options:

(a) 2 2 : 2 :1

(b) 2 2 :1 : 2

(c) 2 :1 : 2

(d) 2 :1 : 2

Sol: Let the initial pressure of the three samples be PA , PB and PC , then PA (V )3/2 = (2V )3/2 P , PB = P and

PC (V ) = P (2V )

 PA : PB : PC = (2)3/2 :1: 2 = 2 2:1: 2

Ans: (b)

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154. The figure show the P − V diagram of two different masses m1 and m2 drawn at constant temperature T ,

then: T T

Options:
(a) m1  m2
P
(b) m2  m1 m2
m1
(c) m1 = m2
V
(d) insufficient data
m M 
Sol: We know that, PV = nRT = RT , m = ( PV )  
M  RT 

m  PV , P2V2  PV
1 1

From the curve, m2  m1

Ans: (b)
155. The volume of one mole of an ideal gas at 0C and 1 atmospheric pressure is
Options:
(a) 1 L
(b) 22.4 L
(c) 0.22 L
(d) 2.2 L
Sol: PV = nRT
RT 8.31 273
V= = = 2240  10−5 m3
nP 1.013  105

= 22.4  10−3 m3

= 22.4 lit

Ans: (b)
156. The first law of thermodynamics is a special case of
Options:
(a) Newton’s law
(b) The law of conservation of energy
(c) Charles’ law
(d) The law of heat exchange
Sol: The first law of thermodynamics is a special case of the law of conservation of energy.
Ans: (b)
157. The internal energy of an ideal gas depends upon
Options:
(a) Specific volume
(b) pressure
(c) Temperature
(d) density

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Sol: The internal energy of an ideal gas depends upon temperature, (U = nCvT )

Ans: (c)
158. The variable defined by Zeroth law of thermodynamics is
Options:
(a) Temperature
(b) internal energy
(c) work
(d) all of these
Sol: Zeroth law defines temperature and first law defines internal energy.
Ans: (a)
159. For one mole of solid, at constant pressure how is C related to R ? ( C → molar specific heat, R →
universal gas constant)
Options:
(a) C = RT
(b) C = 3R

1
(c) C = R
3
1
(d) C = RT
3
Sol: For one mole of a solid, the total energy.
U = 3K BT  N A = 3RT

At constant pressure, Q = U + PV  U , since for a solid V is negligible

Q U
C = = = 3R
T T
Ans: (b)
160. Which process will increase the temperature of the system without heating it?
Options:
(a) Adiabatic compression
(b) Adiabatic expansion
(c) Isothermal compression
(d) Isothermal expansion
Sol: During adiabatic compression, the temperature of the system increases without external heating.
Ans: (a)
161. Which of the following is not a thermodynamics co-ordinate?
Options:
(a) P
(b) T
(c) V
(d) R
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Sol: R is the universal gas constant.

Ans: (d)
162. In thermodynamics processes which of the following statements is not true?
Options:
(a) In an isochoric process pressure remains constant
(b) In an isothermal process the temperature remains constant

(c) In an adiabatic process PV  = constant

(d) In an adiabatic process the system is thermally insulated from the surroundings
Sol: In an isochoric process volume remains constant whereas pressure remains constant in isobaric
process.
Ans: (a)
163. Two identical samples of a gas are allowed to expand (i) isothermally (ii) adiabatically. Work done is
Options:
P
(a) More in the isothermal process
(b) More in the adiabatic process Isothermal
(c) Neither of them
Adiabatic
(d) Equal in both processes
V
Sol: In thermodynamic processes.
Work done = Area covered by PV diagram with V-axis
From graph it is clear that (Area)iso  (Area) adi

 Wiso  Wadi

Ans: (a)
164. A cycle tyre bursts suddenly. What is the type of this process?
Options:
(a) Isobaric
(b)Isochoric
(c) Adiabatic (d) Isothermal
Sol: Sudden expansion process is adiabatic
Ans: (c)
165. When do real gases approach the ideal gas behaviour?
Options:
(a) At low pressure and low temperature
(b) At low pressure and high temperature
(c) At high pressure and high temperature
(d) At high pressure and low temperature
Sol: At low pressure and high temperature the molecules are far apart and molecular interactions are
negligible. Without interactions the gas behaves like an ideal one.
Ans: (b)

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166. Pressure exerted by a gas is (at constant temperature)

Options:
(a) Independent of density of the gas
(b) Inversely proportional to the density of the gas
(c) Directly proportional to the square of the density of the gas
(d) Directly proportional to the density of the gas
1 mn 2
Sol: Pressure exerted by a gas is given by P = v
3 V
1
or P =  v −2  P  
3
Therefore, pressure exerted by a gas is directly proportional to the density of the gas.
Ans: (d)
167. The total internal energy of one mole of rigid diatomic gas at temperature T is (where, symbols have
usual meaning)
Options:

3
(a) RT
2
7
(b) RT
2
5
(c) RT
2
9
(d) RT
2
Sol: A rigid diatomic molecule has 5 degrees of freedom. Total internal energy of one mole of rigid
5 5
diatomic gas is U = k BT  N A = RT ( R = kB N A )
2 2
Ans: (c)
168. Mean free path of a gas molecule is
Options:
(a) Inversely proportional to number of molecules per unit volume
(b) Inversely proportional to diameter of the molecule
(c) Directly proportional to the square root of the absolute temperature
(d) Directly proportional to the molecular mass
1
Sol: Mean free path,  = where,
2 d 2 n
n = number of molecules per unit volume,
d = diameter of the molecules
Ans: (a)

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169. A polyatomic gas with n degrees of freedom has a mean energy per molecule given by
Options:
nkT
(a)
N
nkT
(b)
2N
nkT
(c)
2
3kT
(d)
2
1
Sol: According to law of equipartition of energy, the energy per degree of freedom is kT . For a
2
1
polyatomic gas with n degrees of freedom, the mean energy per molecule = nkT
2
Ans: (c)
170. At a given temperature which of the following gases possesses maximum r.m.s. velocity?
Options:
(a) Hydrogen
(b) Oxygen
(c) Nitrogen
(d) Carbondioxide

3RT
Sol: vRMS = , M is least for hydrogen among the hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and carbondioxide
M
Ans: (a)
171. The figure shows the volume V versus temperature T graphs for a certain mass of a perfect gas at two
constant pressures of P1 and P2 . What inference can you draw from the graphs?

Options: V
P2
(a) P1  P2
P1
(b) P1  P2 2
(c) P1 = P2
1
T
(d) No inference can be drawn due to insufficient information.

V  V 
Sol: 1   2  tan 1  tan  2     
 T 1  T 2

V 1
From PV =  RT ; 
T P
1 1
Hence       P1  P2
 P 1  P 2
Ans: (a)

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172. Pressure exerted by a perfect gas is equal to

Options:
(a) Mean translational kinetic energy per unit volume
(b) Half of mean translational kinetic energy per unit volume
(c) Two-third of mean translational kinetic energy per unit volume
(d) One-third of mean translational kinetic energy per unit volume
2E
Sol: Pressure, P =
3
Ans: (c)
173. In a Carnot engine, the temperature of the source and sink are 500 K and 375 K . If the engine consumes

25  105 J per cycle, then the work done per cycle is

Options:

(a) 6.25  105 J

(b) 3  10 J
5

(c) 2.19  10 J
5

(d) 4  105 J

Sol: Here, T1 = 500 K, T2 = 375 K

T 375
Q1 = 25  105 J  = 1 − 2 = 1 − = 0.25
T1 500

W =  Q = 0.25  25  105 = 6.25  105 J

Ans: (a)
174. Which of the following is the P − V curve of Carnot cycle for a heat engine with an ideal gas as the
working substance?
Options:
P Isothermal
P
Adiabatic

(a) (b) Adiabatic Adiabatic

Isothermal

Isothermal Isothermal
Adiabatic
V
V

P P Adiabatic
Isothermal

(c) Adiabatic Adiabatic (d) Isothermal Isothermal

Adiabatic
Isothermal
V
V
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Sol:
P
Isothermal

Adiabatic Adiabatic

Isothermal

V
Ans: (c)

175. If the energy input to a Carnot engine is thrice the work it performs then, the fraction of energy rejected
to the sink is
Options:

1
(a)
3
1
(b)
4
2
(c)
5
2
(d)
3
Woutput W 1
Sol: Efficiency  = = =
Heatinput 3W 3

Q2 1
 = 1− =
Q1 3

Q 2
 2 =
Q1 3

Ans: (d)
176. A gas mixture contains monatomic and diatomic molecules of 2 moles each. The mixture has a total
internal energy of (symbols have usual meanings)
Options:
(a) 3RT
(b) 5RT
(c) 8RT
(d) 9RT
3
Sol: Internal energy of monatomic gas, U1 = nCv1T = 2  RT = 3RT
2
5
Internal energy of diatomic gas, U 2 = nCv2 T = 2  RT = 5RT
2
The internal energy of mixture of monatomic and diatomic gas U = 3RT + 5RT = 8RT
Ans: (c)

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177. In an adiabatic expansion of an ideal gas the product of pressure and volume
Options:
(a) Decreases
(b) Increases
(c) Remains constant
(d) At first increases and then decreases
Sol: In an adiabatic expansion as temperature decreases, from ideal gas equation PV = nRT the product
of pressure and volume decreases.
Ans: (a)
178. One mole of O2 gas is heated at constant pressure starting at 27 C . How much energy must be added

to the gas as heat to double its volume?

Options:
(a) Zero
(b) 450 R

(c) 750 R

(d) 1050 R

Sol: T1 = 27C = 300K, V1 = V and V2 = 2V

V V
PV = nRT  1= 2
T1 T2

V 2V
=
300 T2

T2 = 600K

 7R 
Now, Q = nC p dT =    300
 2 

 7R 
C p = 2 for O2 
 

2100 R
Q = = 1050R
2
Ans: (d)

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179. A number of Carnot engines are operated at identical cold reservoir temperatures (TL ) . However, their

hot reservoir temperatures are kept different. A graph of the efficiency of the engines versus hot
reservoir temperature (TH ) is plotted. The correct graphical representation is

Options:
Efficiency

(a)

TL TH

Efficiency

(b)

TL TH

Efficiency

(c)

TL TH

Efficiency

(d)

TL TH

T
Sol:  = 1 − L
TH

50 1
For, TL = 50 and TH = 100,  = 1 − = 1 − = 0.5
100 2
50 1
For, TL = 50 and TH = 150,  = 1 − = 1 − = 0.66
150 3
50 1
For, TL = 50 and TH = 200,  = 1 − = 1 − = 0.75
200 4
50 1
For, TL = 50 and TH = 250,  = 1 − = 1 − = 0.80
250 5
Therefore, the correct graphical representation of efficiency of the engines versus hot reservoir
temperature is as shown in option (b)
Ans: (b)
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180. A certain amount of heat energy is supplied to a monatomic ideal gas which expands at constant
pressure. What fraction of the heat energy is converted into work?
Options:
(a) 1
2
(b)
3
2
(c)
5
5
(d)
7
Sol: dQ = dU + dW

nC p T = nCv T + dW

( )
dW = n C p − Cv T and dQ = nC p T

dW C p − Cv C 1
= =1− v =1−
dQ Cp Cp 

dW 1 2
 =1− =
dQ 5 5
3
Ans: (c)

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Key Answers:

1. b 2. b 3. a 4. c 5. c 6. c 7. c 8. c 9. a 10. b
11. c 12. a 13. c 14. b 15. b 16. a 17. c 18. d 19. d 20. d
21. c 22. a 23. d 24. d 25. c 26. d 27. d 28. c 29. b 30. d
31. d 32. b 33. d 34. c 35. b 36. c 37. a 38. c 39. a 40. b
41. d 42. c 43. d 44. d 45. c 46. b 47. a 48. a 49. a 50. a
51. b 52. c 53. b 54. a 55. c 56. a 57. b 58. a 59. a 60. c
61. b 62. a 63. a 64. b 65. c 66. a 67. a 68. d 69. d 70. b
71. a 72. d 73. c 74. b 75. c 76. c 77. b 78. c 79. c 80. a
81. c 82. d 83. a 84. d 85. a 86. b 87. b 88. b 89. c 90. a
91. a 92. c 93. d 94. c 95. b 96. c 97. c 98. d 99. b 100. c
101. d 102. b 103. b 104. a 105. b 106. b 107. b 108. d 109. b 110. a
111. b 112. b 113. a 114. c 115. a 116. a 117. a 118. d 119. a 120. a
121. b 122. b 123. c 124. d 125. b 126. b 127. d 128. c 129. c 130. c
131. b 132. b 133. d 134. a 135. b 136. a 137. d 138. b 139. b 140. a
141. d 142. b 143. a 144. c 145. c 146. c 147. b 148. c 149. c 150. a
151. a 152. b 153. b 154. b 155. b 156. b 157. c 158. a 159. b 160. a
161. d 162. a 163. a 164. c 165. b 166. d 167. c 168. a 169. c 170. a
171. a 172. c 173. a 174. c 175. d 176. c 177. a 178. d 179. b 180. c

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