This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles

for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Designation: A193/A193M − 23

Standard Specification for

Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting for High Temperature
or High Pressure Service and Other Special Purpose
Applications1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A193/A193M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.

1. Scope* 1.5 Supplementary Requirements are provided for use at the

2 option of the purchaser. The supplementary requirements shall
1.1 This specification covers alloy and stainless steel bolt-
apply only when specified in the purchase order or contract.
ing materials and bolting components for pressure vessels,
valves, flanges, and fittings for high temperature or high 1.6 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units
pressure service, or other special purpose applications. See and in SI units; however, unless the purchase order or contract
Specification A962/A962M for the definition of bolting. Bars specifies the applicable M specification designation (SI units),
and wire shall be hot-wrought and may be further processed by the inch-pound units shall apply.
centerless grinding or by cold drawing. Austenitic stainless 1.7 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
steel may be carbide solution treated or carbide solution treated are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the
and strain-hardened. When strain hardened austenitic stainless SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each
steel is ordered, the purchaser should take special care to system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system
ensure that Appendix X1 is thoroughly understood. shall be used independently of the other. Combining values
1.2 Several grades are covered, including ferritic steels and from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the
austenitic stainless steels designated B5, B8, and so forth. standard.
Selection will depend upon design, service conditions, me- 1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-
chanical properties, and high temperature characteristics. dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
1.3 The following referenced general requirements are in-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
dispensable for application of this specification: Specification
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
A962/A962M.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
NOTE 1—The committee formulating this specification has included
several steel types that have been rather extensively used for the present
purpose. Other compositions will be considered for inclusion by the 2. Referenced Documents
committee from time to time as the need becomes apparent. 2.1 ASTM Standards:3
NOTE 2—For grades of alloy-steel bolting suitable for use at the lower A153/A153M Specification for Zinc Coating (Hot-Dip) on
range of high temperature applications, reference should be made to
Iron and Steel Hardware
Specification A354.
NOTE 3—For grades of alloy-steel bolting suitable for use in low
A194/A194M Specification for Carbon Steel, Alloy Steel,
temperature applications, reference should be made to Specification and Stainless Steel Nuts for Bolts for High Pressure or
A320/A320M. High Temperature Service, or Both
A320/A320M Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless
1.4 Nuts for use with bolting are covered in Section 13.
Steel Bolting for Low-Temperature Service
A354 Specification for Quenched and Tempered Alloy Steel
Bolts, Studs, and Other Externally Threaded Fasteners
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, A788/A788M Specification for Steel Forgings, General Re-
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.22 on Steel Forgings and Wrought Fittings for Piping Applications and Bolting
quirements
Materials for Piping and Special Purpose Applications.
Current edition approved March 1, 2023. Published March 2023. Originally
3
approved in 1936. Last previous edition approved in 2022 as A193/A193M – 22a. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
DOI: 10.1520/A0193_A0193M-23. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications, see related Specifi- Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
cation SA-193 in Section II of that Code. the ASTM website.

*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard

Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
 A193/A193M − 23
A962/A962M Specification for Common Requirements for 2.4 ISO Standards:7
Bolting Intended for Use at Any Temperature from Cryo- ISO 4762 Hexagon Socket Head Cap Screws
genic to the Creep Range
B633 Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings of Zinc on 3. General Requirements and Ordering Information
Iron and Steel 3.1 The inquiry and orders shall include the following, as
B695 Specification for Coatings of Zinc Mechanically De- required, to describe the desired bolting material or bolting
posited on Iron and Steel components adequately:
B696 Specification for Coatings of Cadmium Mechanically 3.1.1 Heat-treated condition (that is carbide solution treated
Deposited (Class 1), carbide solution treated after finishing (Class 1A),
B766 Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings of Cad- and carbide solution treated and strain-hardened (Classes 2, 2B
mium and 2C), for the austenitic stainless steels; Classes 1B and 1C
E18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Ma- apply to the carbide solution-treated nitrogen-bearing stainless
terials steels; Class 1D applies to bolting material that is carbide
E21 Test Methods for Elevated Temperature Tension Tests of solution treated by cooling rapidly from the rolling
Metallic Materials temperature),
E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size 3.1.2 Description of items required (that is, bars, bolts,
E139 Test Methods for Conducting Creep, Creep-Rupture, screws, or studs),
and Stress-Rupture Tests of Metallic Materials 3.1.3 Nuts, if required by purchaser, in accordance with
E150 Recommended Practice for Conducting Creep and 13.1,
Creep-Rupture Tension Tests of Metallic Materials Under 3.1.4 Supplementary requirements, if any, and
Conditions of Rapid Heating and Short Times (Withdrawn 3.1.5 Special requirements, in accordance with 6.1.5.1,
1984)4 6.2.6, 8.1, and 13.1.
E151 Recommended Practice for Tension Tests of Metallic 3.2 Coatings—Coatings are prohibited unless specified by
Materials at Elevated Temperatures with Rapid Heating the purchaser (See Supplementary Requirements S13 and S14).
and Conventional or Rapid Strain Rates (Withdrawn When coated bolting components are ordered the purchaser
1984)4 should take special care to ensure that Appendix X2 is
E292 Test Methods for Conducting Time-for-Rupture Notch thoroughly understood.
Tension Tests of Materials
E328 Test Methods for Stress Relaxation for Materials and 4. Common Requirements
Structures
4.1 Bolting materials and bolting components supplied to
E566 Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy Current/Magnetic
this specification shall conform to the requirements of Speci-
Induction) Sorting of Ferrous Metals
fication A962/A962M. These requirements include test
E709 Guide for Magnetic Particle Testing
methods, finish, thread dimensions, macroetch (alloy steels
F606/F606M Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical
only), marking, certification, optional supplementary
Properties of Externally and Internally Threaded
requirements, and others. Failure to comply with the require-
Fasteners, Washers, Direct Tension Indicators, and Rivets
ments of Specification A962/A962M constitutes nonconfor-
F1940 Test Method for Process Control Verification to
mance with this specification. In case of conflict between this
Prevent Hydrogen Embrittlement in Plated or Coated
specification and Specification A962/A962M, this specification
Fasteners
shall prevail.
F1941/F1941M Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings
on Mechanical Fasteners, Inch and Metric 5. Manufacture (Process)
F2329/F2329M Specification for Zinc Coating, Hot-Dip,
5.1 Melting—See Specification A962/A962M for require-
Requirements for Application to Carbon and Alloy Steel
ments.
Bolts, Screws, Washers, Nuts, and Special Threaded
Fasteners 5.2 Quality—See Specification A962/A962M for require-
2.2 ASME Standards:5 ments.
B18.2.1 Square and Hex Bolts and Screws
6. Heat Treatment
B18.2.3.3M Metric Heavy Hex Screws
B18.3 Hexagon Socket and Spline Socket Screws 6.1 Ferritic Steels:
2.3 AIAG Standards:6 6.1.1 Ferritic steels shall be allowed to cool to a temperature
AIAG B-5 02.00 Primary Metals Identification Tag Applica- below the cooling transformation range immediately after
tion Standard rolling or forging. Bolting materials shall then be uniformly
reheated to the proper temperature to refine the grain (a group
4
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on thus reheated being known as a quenching charge), quenched
www.astm.org. in a liquid medium under substantially uniform conditions for
5
Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME
International Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
7
www.asme.org. Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), ISO
6
Available from Automotive Industry Action Group (AIAG), 26200 Lahser Rd., Central Secretariat, Chemin de Blandonnet 8, CP 401, 1214 Vernier, Geneva,
Suite 200, Southfield, MI 48033, http://www.aiag.org. Switzerland, https://www.iso.org.

2
 TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements (Composition, percent)A
Ferritic Steels
Description
and UNS
Grade Designation Class Carbon Manganese Phosphorus Sulfur Silicon Chromium Nickel Molybdenum Cooper NiobiumF Titanium Vanadium Aluminum Nitrogen
B5 5 % Chromium 0.10 min 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 4.0–6.0 ... 0.40–0.65 ... ... ... ... ... ...

Product
Analysis 0.01 0.03 0.005 0.005 0.05 0.10 ... 0.05 ... ... ... ... ... ...
VariationB

B6, 12 %
B6X Chromium
0.08–0.15 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 11.5–13.5 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
(410),
S41000

Product
Analysis 0.01 over 0.03 0.005 0.005 0.05 0.15 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
VariationB

B7, Chromium-
0.38–0.48D 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 0.80–1.10 ... 0.15–0.25 ... ... ... ... ... ...
B7M MolybdenumC

Product
Analysis 0.02 0.04 0.005 0.005 0.02 0.05 ... 0.02 ... ... ... ... ... ...
VariationB

A193/A193M − 23
B16 Chromium-
Molybdenum- 0.36–0.47 0.45–0.70 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 0.80–1.15 ... 0.50–0.65 ... ... ... 0.25–0.35 0.015E ...
Vanadium
3

Product
Analysis 0.02 0.03 0.005 0.005 0.02 0.05 ... 0.03 ... ... ... 0.03 ... ...
VariationB
Austenitic Steels
Grade Description
and UNS Classes Carbon Manganese Phosphorous Sulfur Silicon Chromium Nickel Molybdenum Copper NiobiumF Titanium Vanadium Aluminum Nitrogen
Designation
B8, 1, 1A, 1D,
304, S30400 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0–20.0 8.0–11.0 ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
B8A 2

Product
Analysis 0.01 0.04 0.010 0.005 0.05 0.20 0.15 ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
VariationB

B8C, 347, 1, 1A, 1D, 10 × C

0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 9.0–12.0 ... ... ... ... ... ...
B8CA S34700 2 to 1.10

Product
0.05
Analysis 0.01 0.04 0.010 0.005 0.05 0.20 0.15 ... ... ... ... ... ...
under
VariationB

B8M,
B8MA, 316, 1, 1A, 1D,
0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.0–18.0 10.0–14.0 2.00–3.00 ... ... ... ... ... ...
B8M2, S31600 2
B8M3

Product
Analysis 0.01 0.04 0.010 0.005 0.05 0.20 0.15 0.10 ... ... ... ... ... ...
VariationB
 TABLE 1 Continued

B8P, 1, 1A, 1D,

S30500 0.12 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 11.0–13.0 ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
B8PA 2

Product
Analysis 0.01 0.04 0.010 0.005 0.05 0.20 0.15 ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
VariationB

B8N, 304N, 1A, 1B, 1D,

0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0–20.0 8.0–11.0 ... ... ... ... ... ... 0.10–0.16
B8NA S30451 2

Product
Analysis 0.01 0.04 0.010 0.005 0.05 0.20 0.15 ... ... ... ... ... ... 0.01
VariationB

B8MN, 316N, 1A, 1B, 1D,

0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.0–18.0 10.0–13.0 2.00–3.00 ... ... ... ... ... 0.10–0.16
B8MNA S31651 2

Product
Analysis 0.01 0.04 0.010 0.005 0.05 0.20 0.15 0.10 ... ... ... ... ... 0.01
VariationB

B8MLCuN, 1A, 1B, 1D,

S31254 0.020 1.00 0.030 0.010 0.80 19.5–20.5 17.5–18.5 6.0–6.5 0.50–1.00 ... ... ... ... 0.18–0.25
B8MLCuNA 2

A193/A193M − 23
Product
Analysis 0.005 0.03 0.005 0.002 0.05 0.20 0.15 0.10 ... ... ... ... ... 0.02
VariationB
4

B8T, 5×
321,
B8TA 1, 1A, 2 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 9.0–12.0 ... ... ... (C + N) ... ... 0.10
S32100
to 0.70

Product
0.05
Analysis 0.01 0.04 0.010 0.005 0.05 0.20 0.15 ... ... ... ... ... ...
under
VariationB

B8R,
S20910 1C, 1D 0.06 4.0–6.0 0.045 0.030 1.00 20.5–23.5 11.5–13.5 1.50–3.00 ... 0.10–0.30 ... 0.10–0.30 ... 0.20–0.40
B8RA

Product
Analysis 0.01 0.05 0.005 0.005 0.05 0.25 0.15 0.10 ... 0.05 ... 0.02 ... 0.02
VariationB

B8S,
S21800 1C, 1D 0.10 7.0–9.0 0.060 0.030 3.5–4.5 16.0–18.0 8.0–9.0 ... ... ... ... ... ... 0.08–0.18
B8SA

Product
Analysis 0.01 0.06 0.005 0.005 0.15 0.20 0.10 ... ... ... ... ... ... 0.01
VariationB

B8LN,
S30453 1, 1A, 1D 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0–20.0 8.0–11.0 ... ... ... ... ... ... 0.10–0.16
B8LNA

Product
Analysis 0.005 0.04 0.010 0.005 0.05 0.20 0.15 ... ... ... ... ... ... 0.01
VariationB
 TABLE 1 Continued
B8MLN,
S31653 1, 1A, 1D 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.0–18.0 10.0–13.0 2.00–3.00 ... ... ... ... ... 0.10–0.16
B8MLNA

Product
Analysis 0.005 0.04 0.010 0.005 0.05 0.20 0.15 0.10 ... ... ... ... ... 0.01
VariationB

B8CLN, 0.20–0.50;
B8CLNA 15 ×
347LN, 0.005–
1, 1A, 1D 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 9.0–13.0 ... ... carbon ... ... ... 0.06–0.10
S34751 0.020
content,
min

Product 0.002
Analysis under,
0.04 0.01 0.005 0.05 0.20 0.15 ... ... 0.05 ... ... ... 0.01
VariationB 0.005
over

0.20–0.50;
B8CLNCu

A193/A193M − 23
15 ×
B 0.005-
S34752G 1,1A,1D 2.00 0.035 0.010 0.60 17.0-19.0 10.0-13.0 0.20-1.20 2.50-3.50 carbon ... ... ... 0.06-0.12
B8CLNCu 0.02
content,
BA
5

min

Product 0.002
Analysis under,
0.04 0.01 0.005 0.05 0.20 0.15 0.15 0.05 ... ... ... 0.01
Variation 0.005
over

B8ML4CuN,
S31730 1, 1A, 1D 0.030 2.00 0.040 0.010 1.00 17.0–19.0 15.0–16.5 3.0–4.0 4.0–5.0 ... ... ... ... 0.045
B8ML4CuNA

Product
Analysis 0.005 0.04 0.005 0.002 0.05 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.15 ... ... ... ... 0.01
VariationB
A
Values are maximums unless a range or a minimum is indicated. Where ellipses appear in this table, there is no requirement and the element need not be determined or reported. The intentional addition of Bi, Se,
Te, and Pb is not permitted.
B
Product Analysis—Individual determinations sometimes vary from the specified limits as shown in the tables. The several determinations of any individual element in a heat may not vary both above and below the
specified range. Product variation limits are over for maximums, over or under for ranges, and under for minimums, unless otherwise indicated.
C
Typical steel compositions used for this grade include 4140, 4142, 4145, 4140H, 4142H, and 4145H.
D
For bar sizes over 31⁄2 in. [90 mm], inclusive, the carbon content may be 0.50 % max. For the B7M grade, a minimum carbon of 0.28 % is permitted, provided that the required tensile properties are met in the section
sizes involved, the use of AISI 4130 or 4130H is allowed.
E
Total of soluble and insoluble.
F
Columbium and Niobium are alternate names for element 41 in the Periodic Table of the Elements.
G
For S34752 – Boron content shall be 0.001-0.005 for both heat and product analysis.
 A193/A193M − 23
each quenching charge, and tempered. The minimum temper-
ing temperature shall be as specified in Tables 2 and 3.
TABLE 2 Mechanical Requirements — Inch Products
Minimum Tensile Yield Strength, Elongation Reduction Hardness,
Tempering Strength, min, 0.2 % in 4D, of Area, max
Grade Diameter, in.
Temperature, min, ksi offset, min, % min, %
°F ksi
Ferritic Steels
B5
4 to 6 % chromium up to 4, incl 1100 100 80 16 50 ...
B6
13 % chromium up to 4, incl 1100 110 85 15 50 ...
B6X
13 % chromium up to 4, incl 1100 90 70 16 50 26 HRC
B7
Chromium-molybdenum 2 ⁄ and under
12 1100 125 105 16 50 321 HBW or
35 HRC
over 21⁄2 to 4 1100 115 95 16 50 321 HBW or
35 HRC
over 4 to 7 1100 100 75 18 50 321 HBW or
35 HRC
B7MA Chromium-molybdenum 4 and under 1150 100 80 18 50 235 HBW or
99 HRB
over 4 to 7 1150 100 75 18 50 235 HBW or
99 HRB
B16
Chromium-molybdenum-vanadium 21⁄2 and under 1200 125 105 18 50 321 HBW or
35 HRC
over 21⁄2 to 4 1200 110 95 17 45 321 HBW or
35 HRC
over 4 to 8 1200 100 85 16 45 321 HBW or
35 HRC
Tensile Yield
Strength, Strength, Elongation Reduction
B Hardness,
Grade, Diameter, in. Heat Treatment min, ksi min, 0.2 in 4 D, of Area,
max
% offset, min % min %
ksi
Austenitic Steels
Classes 1 and 1D; B8, B8M, B8P, carbide solution treated 75 30 30 50 223 HBW or 96
B8LN, B8MLN, B8CLN, all HRBC
diameters

Classes 1 and 1D; B8, carbide solution treated 75 30 35 50 223 HBW or 96

B8CLNCuB, all diameters HRBC

Classes 1 and 1D: B8ML4CuN, carbide solution treated 70 25 35 50 90 HRB

all diameters

Class 1: B8C, B8T, all diameters carbide solution treated 75 30 30 50 223 HBW or
96HRBC
Class 1A: B8A, B8CA, B8CLNA, carbide solution treated in the finished 75 30 30 50 192 HBW or 90
B8MA, B8PA, B8TA, B8LNA, condition HRB
B8MLNA, B8NA, B8MNA,
B8MLCuNA, all diameters

Class 1A: B8ML4CuNA, all carbide solution treated 70 25 35 50 90 HRB

diameters

Classes 1B and 1D: B8N, B8MN, carbide solution treated 80 35 30 40 223 HBW or 96
B8MLCuN, all diameters HRBC
Classes 1C and 1D: B8R, all carbide solution treated 100 55 35 55 271 HBW or 28
diameters HRC
Class 1C: B8RA, all diameters carbide solution treated in the finished 100 55 35 55 271 HBW or 28
condition HRC

Classes 1C and 1D: B8S, all carbide solution treated 95 50 35 55 271 HBW or 28
diameters HRC
Classes 1C: B8SA, all diameters carbide solution treated in the finished 95 50 35 55 271 HBW or 28
condition HRC
Class 2: B8, B8C, B8P, B8T, carbide solution treated and strain 125 100 12 35 321 HBW or 35
B8N,D3⁄4 and under hardened HRC
over 3⁄4 to 1, incl 115 80 15 35 321 HBW or 35
HRC
over 1 to 11⁄4, incl 105 65 20 35 321 HBW or 35
HRC

6
 A193/A193M − 23
TABLE 2 Continued
Tensile Yield
Strength, Strength, Elongation Reduction
Hardness,
Grade, Diameter, in. Heat TreatmentB min, ksi min, 0.2 in 4 D, of Area,
max
% offset, min % min %
ksi
Austenitic Steels
over 11⁄4 to 11⁄2, incl 100 50 28 45 321 HBW or 35
HRC

Class 2: B8M, B8MN, carbide solution treated and strain 110 95 15 45 321 HBW or 35
B8MLCuND3⁄4 and under hardened HRC

over 3⁄4 to 1 incl 100 80 20 45 321 HBW or 35

HRC
Over 1 to 11⁄4, incl 95 65 25 45 321 HBW or 35
HRC
over 11⁄4 to 11⁄2, incl 90 50 30 45 321 HBW or 35
HRC
D
Class 2B: B8, B8M2 carbide solution treated and strain 95 75 25 40 321 HBW or 35
2 and under hardened HRC

over 2 to 21⁄2 incl 90 65 30 40 321 HBW or 35

HRC
over 21⁄2 to 3 incl 80 55 30 40 321 HBW or 35
HRC
Class 2C: B8M3D carbide solution treated and strain 85 65 30 60 321 HBW or 35
2 and under hardened HRC

over 2 85 60 30 60 321 HBW or 35

HRC
A
To meet the tensile requirements, the Brinell hardness shall be over 200 HBW (93 HRB).
B
Class 1 is solution treated. Class 1A is solution treated in the finished condition for corrosion resistance; heat treatment is critical due to physical property requirement.
Class 2 is solution treated and strain hardened. Austenitic steels in the strain-hardened condition may not show uniform properties throughout the section particularly in
sizes over 3⁄4 in. in diameter.
C
For sizes 3⁄4 in. in diameter and smaller, a maximum hardness of 241 HBW (100 HRB) is permitted.
D
For diameters 11⁄2 and over, center (core) properties may be lower than indicated by test reports which are based on values determined at 1⁄2 radius.

TABLE 3 Mechanical Requirements—Metric Products

Minimum Tensile Yield Strength, Elongation Reduction Hardness,
Tempering Strength, min, 0.2 % in 4D, of Area, max
Class Diameter, [mm]
Temperature, min, offset, min, % min, %
°C MPa MPa
Ferritic Steels
B5
4 to 6 % chromium up to M100, incl 593 690 550 16 50 ...
B6
13 % chromium up to M100, incl 593 760 585 15 50 ...
B6X
13 % chromium up to M100, incl 593 620 485 16 50 26 HRC
B7
Chromium-molybdenum M64 and under 593 860 720 16 50 321 HBW or
35 HRC
over M64 to M100 593 795 655 16 50 321 HBW or
35 HRC
over M100 to M180 593 690 515 18 50 321 HBW or
35 HRC
B7MA Chromium-molybdenum M100 and under 620 690 550 18 50 235 HBW or
99 HRB
over M100 to M180 620 690 515 18 50 235 HBW or
99 HRB
B16
Chromium-molybdenum-vanadium M64 and under 650 860 725 18 50 321 HBW or
35 HRC
over M64 to M100 650 760 655 17 45 321 HBW or
35 HRC
over M100 to M200 650 690 585 16 45 321 HBW or
35 HRC

7
 A193/A193M − 23

TABLE 3 Continued
Tensile Yield
Strength, Strength, Elongation Reduction
Hardness,
Class Diameter, mm Heat TreatmentB min, min, 0.2 in 4 D, of Area,
max
MPa % offset, min % min %
MPa
Austenitic Steels
Classes 1 and 1D; B8, B8M, B8P, B8LN, carbide solution treated 515 205 30 50 223 HBW or 96
B8MLN, B8CLN, all diameters HRBC
Classes 1,1A,1D, B8CLNCuB, all carbide solution treated 515 205 30 50 223 HBW or 96
diameters 1 HRBC
Classes 1 and 1D: B8ML4CuN, all carbide solution treated 480 175 35 50 90 HRB
diameters
Class 1: B8C, B8T, all diameters carbide solution treated 515 205 30 50 223 HBW or
96HRBC
Class 1A: B8A, B8CA, B8CLNA, B8MA, carbide solution treated in the finished 515 205 30 50 192 HBW or 90
B8PA, B8TA, B8LNA, B8MLNA, B8NA, condition HRB
B8MNA, B8MLCuNA, all diameters
Class 1A: B8ML4CuNA, all diameters carbide solution treated 480 175 35 50 90 HRB

Classes 1B and 1D: B8N, B8MN, carbide solution treated 550 240 30 40 223 HBW or 96
B8MLCuN, all diameters HRBC
Classes 1C and 1D: B8R, all diameters carbide solution treated 690 380 35 55 271 HBW or 28
HRC
Class 1C: B8RA, all diameters carbide solution treated in the finished 690 380 35 55 271 HBW or 28
condition HRC

Classes 1C and 1D: B8S, all diameters carbide solution treated 655 345 35 55 271 HBW or 28
HRC
Classes 1C: B8SA, all diameters carbide solution treated in the finished 655 345 35 55 271 HBW or 28
condition HRC
Class 2: B8, B8C, B8P, B8T, B8N,D carbide solution treated and strain 860 690 12 35 321 HBW or 35
M20 and under hardened HRC

over M20 to M24, incl 795 550 15 35 321 HBW or 35

HRC
over M24 to M30, incl 725 450 20 35 321 HBW or 35
HRC
over M30 to M36, incl 690 345 28 45 321 HBW or 35
HRC

Class 2: B8M, B8MN, B8MLCuN,D carbide solution treated and strain 760 655 15 45 321 HBW or 35
M20 and under hardened HRC

over M20 to M24, incl 690 550 20 45 321 HBW or 35

HRC
over M24 to M30, incl 655 450 25 45 321 HBW or 35
HRC
over M30 to M36, incl 620 345 30 45 321 HBW or 35
HRC
D
Class 2B: B8, B8M2, carbide solution treated and strain 655 515 25 40 321 HBW or 35
M48 and under hardened HRC

over M48 to M64, incl 620 450 30 40 321 HBW or 35

HRC
over M64 to M72, incl 550 380 30 40 321 HBW or 35
HRC
D
Class 2C: B8M3, carbide solution treated and strain 585 450 30 60 321 HBW or 35
M48 and under hardened HRC

over M48 585 415 30 60 321 HBW or 35

HRC
A
To meet the tensile requirements, the Brinell hardness shall be over 200 HBW (93 HRB).
B
Class 1 is solution treated. Class 1A is solution treated in the finished condition for corrosion resistance; heat treatment is critical due to physical property requirement.
Class 2 is solution treated and strain hardened. Austenitic steels in the strain-hardened condition may not show uniform properties throughout the section particularly in
sizes over M20 mm in diameter.
C
For sizes M20 mm in diameter and smaller, a maximum hardness of 241 HBW (100 HRB) is permitted.
D
For diameters M38 and over, center (core) properties may be lower than indicated by test reports which are based on values determined at 1⁄2 radius.

8
 A193/A193M − 23
6.1.2 Use of water quenching is prohibited for any ferritic the chromium carbide will go into solution and then shall be
grade when heat treatment is performed after heading or cooled at a rate sufficient to prevent the precipitation of the
threading. carbide.
6.1.3 Except as permitted below for B6X; bolting material 6.2.3 Class 1D—Rolled or forged Grades B8, B8M, B8P,
that is subsequently cold drawn for dimensional control shall B8LN, B8MLN, B8CLNCuB, B8N, B8MN, B8R, and B8S bar
be stress-relieved after cold drawing. The minimum stress- shall be cooled rapidly immediately following hot working
relief temperature shall be within not more than 100 °F [55 °C] while the temperature is above 1750 °F [955 °C] so that grain
below the tempering temperature. Tests for mechanical prop- boundary carbides remain in solution. Class 1D shall be
erties shall be performed after stress relieving. restricted to applications at temperatures less than 850 °F [455
6.1.4 B6 and B6X shall be held at the tempering tempera- °C].
ture for a minimum time of 1 h. B6X bolting material may be 6.2.4 Class 1A and Class 1C Grades B8RA and B8SA—
furnished in the as-rolled-and-tempered condition. Cold work- Finished bolting components shall be carbide solution treated
ing after heat treatment is permitted for B6X material provided after all rolling, forging, heading, and threading operations are
the final hardness meets the requirements of Tables 2 and 3. complete. This designation does not apply to starting material
6.1.5 B7 and B7M shall be heat treated by quenching in a such as bar. Components shall be heated from ambient tem-
liquid medium and tempering. perature and held a sufficient time at a temperature at which the
6.1.5.1 Unless otherwise specified, bolting material for chromium carbide will go into solution and then shall be
Grade B7 may be heat treated by the Furnace, the Induction or cooled at a rate sufficient to prevent the precipitation of the
the Electrical Resistance method. carbide.
6.2.5 Classes 2, 2B, and 2C—Bolting material shall be
NOTE 4—Stress-relaxation properties may vary from heat lot to heat lot carbide solution treated by heating from ambient temperature
or these properties may vary from one heat-treating method to another. and holding a sufficient time at a temperature at which the
The purchaser may specify Supplementary Requirement S8, when stress-
relaxation testing is desired.
chromium carbide will go into solution and then cooling at a
rate sufficient to prevent the precipitation of the carbide.
6.1.6 For B7M bolting, a final stress relief shall be Following this treatment the bolting material shall then be
performed, after all machining, cutting, and forming strain hardened to achieve the required properties.
operations, at a minimum temperature of 50°F (28°C) below
the original tempering temperature. A tempering operation may NOTE 6—Heat treatment following operations performed on a limited
portion of the product, such as heading, may result in non-uniform grain
be substituted for this post-machining/cutting/forming stress size and mechanical properties through the section affected.
relief. Surface preparation for hardness testing, nondestructive
evaluation, or ultrasonic bolt tensioning is permitted. 6.2.6 If a scale-free bright finish is required; this shall be
specified in the purchase order.
6.1.6.1 In the case where the original temper was performed
via induction heat treatment at a temperature above 1300°F 7. Chemical Composition
(705°C) but the post-machining/cutting/forming stress relief
will be performed in a standard furnace, the minimum stress 7.1 Each alloy shall conform to the chemical composition
relief temperature shall be 1200°F (650°C). requirements prescribed in Table 1.

NOTE 5—A specific minimum stress relief temperature is given in 8. Heat Analysis
6.1.6.1 because no correlation can be drawn between the original
tempering temperature utilizing induction and the stress relieving tem- 8.1 An analysis of each heat of steel shall be made by the
perature in a standard furnace. manufacturer to determine the percentages of the elements
specified in Section 7. The chemical composition thus deter-
6.1.7 Bolting material Grade B16 shall be heated to a
mined shall be reported to the purchaser or the purchaser’s
temperature range from 1700 to 1750 °F [925 to 955 °C] and
representative, and shall conform to the requirements specified
oil quenched. The minimum tempering temperature shall be as
in Section 7. Should the purchaser deem it necessary to have
specified in Tables 2 and 3.
the transition zone of two heats sequentially cast discarded, the
6.2 Austenitic Stainless Steels: purchaser shall invoke Supplementary Requirement S3 of
6.2.1 All austenitic stainless steels shall receive a carbide Specification A788/A788M.
solution treatment (see 6.2.2 – 6.2.5 for specific requirements
for each class). Classes 1, 1B, 1C (Grades B8R and B8S only), 9. Mechanical Properties
2, 2B, and 2C can apply to bar, wire, and finished bolting 9.1 Tensile Properties:
components. Class 1A (all grades) and Class 1C (grades B8RA 9.1.1 Requirements—Bolting material as represented by the
and B8SA only) can apply to finished bolting components. tension specimens shall conform to the requirements pre-
Class 1D applies only to bar and wire and finished bolting scribed in Tables 2 and 3 at room temperature after heat
components that are machined directly from Class 1D bar or treatment. Stainless strain hardened bolting components (Class
wire without any subsequent hot or cold working. 2, 2B, and 2C) shall be tested full size after strain hardening to
6.2.2 Classes 1 and 1B, and Class 1C Grades B8R and determine tensile strength and yield strength and shall conform
B8S—After rolling of the bar, forging, or heading, whether to the requirements prescribed in Tables 2 and 3. In cases
done hot or cold, bolting material shall be heated from ambient where tensile testing equipment of sufficient capacity is not
temperature and held a sufficient time at a temperature at which available, stainless strain hardened bolting components greater

9
 A193/A193M − 23
than 1.500 in. diameter may be tested using machined speci- except the maximum body diameter and radius of fillet may be
men. Should the results of full size tests conflict with results of the same as for the Heavy Hex Bolt Series. The body diameter
tension specimen tests, full size test results shall prevail. and head fillet radius for sizes of Heavy Hex Cap Screws and
9.1.2 Full Size Bolting Components, Wedge Tensile Bolts that are not shown in their respective tables in ASME
Testing—When applicable, see 12.1.3, headed components B18.2.1 or ASME B18.2.3.3M may be that shown in the
shall be wedge tested full size. The minimum full size load corresponding Hex Cap Screw and Bolt Tables respectively.
applied (lbf or kN) for individual sizes shall be as follows: Socket head screws or bolts shall be in accordance with ASME
W 5 Ts × At (1) B18.3 or ISO 4762.

where: 11. Retests

W = minimum wedge tensile load without fracture,
Ts = tensile strength specified in ksi or MPa in Tables 2 and 11.1 If the results of the mechanical tests of any test lot do
3, and not conform to the requirements specified, the manufacturer
At = stress area of the thread section, square inches or square may retreat such lot not more than twice, in which case two
millimetres, as shown in the Cone Proof Load Tables in additional tension tests shall be made from such lot, all of
Specification A962/A962M. which shall conform to the requirements specified.
9.2 Hardness Requirements:
12. Test Specimens
9.2.1 The hardness shall conform to the requirements pre-
scribed in Tables 2 and 3. Hardness testing shall be performed 12.1 Number of Tests—For heat-treated bars, one tension
in accordance with either Specification A962/A962M or with test shall be made for each diameter of each heat represented in
Test Methods F606/F606M. each tempering charge. When heat treated without interruption
9.2.2 Grade B7M—The maximum hardness of the grade in continuous furnaces, the material in a lot shall be the same
shall be 235 HBW or 99 HRB. The minimum hardness shall heat, same prior condition, same size, and subjected to the
not be less than 200 HBW or 93 HRB. Conformance to this same heat treatment. Not fewer than two tension tests are
hardness shall be ensured by testing the hardness of each stud required for each lot containing 20 000 lb [9000 kg] or less.
or bolt by Brinell or Rockwell B methods in accordance with Every additional 10 000 lb [4500 kg] or fraction thereof
9.2.1. The use of 100 % electromagnetic testing for hardness as requires one additional test.
an alternative to 100 % indentation hardness testing is permis- 12.1.1 For studs, bolts, screws, and so forth, one tension test
sible when qualified by sampling using indentation hardness shall be made for each diameter of each heat involved in the
testing. Each lot tested for hardness electromagnetically shall lot. Each lot shall consist of the following:
be 100 % examined in accordance with Practice E566. Follow-
Diameter, in. [mm] Lot Size
ing electromagnetic testing for hardness, a random sample of a 11⁄8 [30] and under 1500 lb [680 kg] or fraction thereof
minimum of 100 pieces of each heat of steel in each lot (as Over 11⁄8 [30] to 13⁄4 [42], incl 4500 lb [2000 kg] or fraction thereof
defined in 12.1.1) shall be tested by indentation hardness Over 13⁄4 [42] to 21⁄2 [64], incl 6000 lb [2700 kg] or fraction thereof
Over 21⁄2 [64] 100 pieces or fraction thereof
methods. All samples must meet hardness requirements to
permit acceptance of the lot. If any one sample is outside of the 12.1.2 Tension tests are not required to be made on bolts,
specified maximum or minimum hardness, the lot shall be screws, studs, or stud bolts that are fabricated from heat-treated
rejected and either reprocessed and resampled or tested 100 % bars furnished in accordance with the requirements of this
by indentation hardness methods. specification and tested in accordance with 12.1, provided they
9.2.2.1 Surface preparation for indentation hardness testing are not given a subsequent heat treatment.
shall be in accordance with Test Methods E18. Hardness tests 12.1.3 Full Size Specimens, Headed Bolting Components—
shall be performed on the end of the bolt or stud. When this is Headed bolts or screws 11⁄2 in. in body diameter and smaller,
impractical, the hardness test shall be performed elsewhere. with nominal length three times the diameter or longer, and that
are produced by upsetting or forging (hot or cold) shall be
10. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance subjected to full size testing in accordance with 9.1.2. This
10.1 Bolts, screws, studs, and stud bolts shall be pointed and testing shall be in addition to tensile testing as specified in
shall have a workmanlike finish. Points shall be flat and 9.1.1. Wedge tensile testing shall be limited to product with
chamfered or rounded at option of the manufacturer. Length of socket head cap screw, hexagon, square, hex flange, or twelve
point on studs and stud bolts shall be not less than one nor more point flange heads. The lot size shall be as shown in 12.1.1.
than two complete threads as measured from the extreme end Failure shall occur in the body or threaded section with no
parallel to the axis. Length of studs and stud bolts shall be failure, or indications of failure, such as cracks, at the junction
measured from first thread to first thread. of the head and shank. Wedge tensile testing is not required for
flat countersunk head or socket button products.
10.2 Unless otherwise specified in the purchase order, bolt
heads shall be in accordance with the dimensions of ASME
13. Nuts
B18.2.1 or ASME B18.2.3.3M. Unless otherwise specified in
the purchase order, the Heavy Hex Screws Series should be 13.1 Bolts, studs, and stud bolts shall be furnished with
used for nominal body diameters of 11⁄4 in. [30 mm] and less. nuts, when specified in the purchase order. Nuts shall conform
For larger sizes, the Heavy Hex Screw Series should be used, to Specification A194/A194M.

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 A193/A193M − 23
14. Certification TABLE 5 Marking of Austenitic Steels
Class Grade Grade Symbol
14.1 Certification is required. In addition to the require-
Class 1 B8 B8
ments of Specification A962/A962M the report shall include B8C B8C
results of the chemical analysis, macroetch examination (Car- B8M B8M
B8P B8P
bon and Alloy Steels Only), and mechanical tests, and state the B8T B8T
method of heat treatment employed. B8LN B8F or B8LN
B8MLN B8G or B8MLN
B8CLN B8Y or B8CLN
15. Product Marking B8CLNCuB B8CLNCuB
B8ML4CuN B8YY or B8ML4CuN
15.1 See Specification A962/A962M. The grade symbol
shall be as shown in Table 4 and Table 5. Grade B7M no longer Class 1A B8A B8A
B8CA B8B or B8CA
requires a line under the grade symbol. However, a line is B8MA B8D or B8MA
permitted. B8PA B8H or B8PA
B8TA B8J or B8TA
B8LNA B8L or B8LNA
16. Keywords B8MLNA B8K or B8MLNA
B8NA B8V or B8MA
16.1 alloy steel bars; alloy steel bolting; bolting compo- B8MNA B8W or B8MNA
nents; bolting materials; hardness; heat treatment; stainless B8MLCuNA B9K or B8MLCuNA
B8CLNA B8Z or B8CLNA
steel bolting B8CLNCuBA B8ZA or B8CLNCuBA
B8ML4CuNA B8ZZ or B8MLCuNA

Class 1B B8N B8N

B8MN B8Y or B8MN
B8MLCuN B9J or B8MLCuN

Class 1C B8R B9A or B8R

B8RA B9B or B8RA
B8S B9D or B8S
B8SA B9F or B8SA

Class 1D B8 B94
B8M B95
B8P B96
B8LN B97
B8MLN B98
B8N B99
B8MN B100
B8R B101
B8S B102
B8CLN B103
B8ML4CuN B104
B8CLNCuB B105

Class 2 B8 B8SH
B8C B8CSH
TABLE 4 Marking of Ferritic Steels B8P B8PSH
B8T B8TSH
Grade Grade Symbol B8N B8NSH
B5 B5 B8M B8MSH
B6 B6 B8MN B8YSH
B6X B6X B8MLCuN B8JSH
B7 B7
B7M B7M or B7M Class 2B B8M2 B9G or B8M2
B16 B16 B8 B9
B16 + B16R
Supplement S12 Class 2C B8M3 B9H or B8M3

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 A193/A193M − 23

SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS

These requirements shall not apply unless specified in the order and in the Ordering Information,
in which event the specified tests shall be made before shipment of the product.

S1. High Temperature Tests S8. Stress-Relaxation Testing

S1.1 Tests to determine high temperature properties shall be S8.1 Stress-Relaxation Testing, when required, shall be
made in accordance with Test Methods E21, E139, and E292, done in accordance with Test Methods E328. The test shall be
and Practices E150 and E151. performed at 850 °F [454 °C] for a period of 100 h. The initial
stress shall be 50 M psi [345 MPa]. The residual stress at 100
S2. Charpy Impact Tests h shall be 17 M psi [117 MPa] minimum.
S2.1 Charpy impact tests based on the requirements of S9. Grain Size Requirements for Non H Grade Austenitic
Specification A320/A320M, Sections 6 and 7, shall be made as Steels Used Above 1000 °F
agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser. When
testing temperatures are as low as those specified in Specifi- S9.1 For design metal temperatures above 1000 °F [540
cation A320/A320M, bolting should be ordered to that speci- °C], the material shall have a grain size of No. 7 or coarser as
fication in preference to this specification. determined in accordance with Test Methods E112. The grain
size so determined shall be reported on the Certificate of Test.
S3. 100 % Hardness Testing of Grade B7M S10. Hardness Testing of Class 2 Bolting for ASME
S3.1 Each Grade B7M bolt or stud shall be tested for Applications
hardness by indentation method and shall meet the require- S10.1 The maximum hardness shall be Rockwell C35 im-
ments specified in Tables 2 and 3. mediately under the thread roots. The hardness shall be taken
on a flat area at least 1⁄8 in. [3 mm] across, prepared by
S4. Hardness Testing of Grade B16 removing threads, and no more material than necessary shall be
S4.1 For bolts or studs 21⁄2 in. [65 mm] or smaller, the removed to prepare the flat areas. Hardness determinations
hardness for Grade B16 shall be measured on or near the end shall be made at the same frequency as tensile tests.
of each bolt or stud using one of the methods prescribed in
9.2.1 for the Brinell or Rockwell C test. The hardness shall be S11. Thread Forming
in the range 253–319 HBW or 25–34 HRC. S11.1 Threads shall be formed after heat treatment. Appli-
cation of this supplemental requirement to grade B7M or the
S5. Product Marking grades listed in 6.2.4 is prohibited.
S5.1 Grade and manufacturer’s identification symbols shall S12. Stress Rupture Testing of Grade B16
be applied to one end of studs and to the heads of bolts and
screws of all sizes. (If the available area is inadequate, the S12.1 One test shall be made for each heat treat lot. Testing
grade symbol may be marked on one end and the manufactur- shall be conducted using a combination test bar in accordance
er’s identification symbol marked on the other end.) For bolts with Test Methods E292. Rupture shall occur in the smooth
and screws smaller than 1⁄4 in. [6 mm] in diameter and studs section of each test specimen. The test shall be conducted at
smaller than 3⁄8 in. [10 mm] in diameter and for 1⁄4 in. [6 mm] 1100 °F [595 °C] and 20 ksi [140 MPa]. The test shall be
in diameter studs requiring more than a total of three symbols, continued until the sample ruptures. Rupture life shall be 25 h
the marking shall be a matter of agreement between the minimum. Testing is not required on material less than 1⁄2 in.
purchaser and the manufacturer. [12 mm] thick.
S12.2 When a purchase order for bolting components in-
S6. Stress Relieving vokes S12, the grade symbol applied shall be “B16R.”
S6.1 A stress-relieving operation shall follow straightening S13. Coatings on Bolting Components
after heat treatment. S13.1 It is the purchaser’s responsibility to specify in the
S6.2 The minimum stress-relieving temperature shall be purchase order all information required by the coating facility.
100 °F [55 °C] below the tempering temperature. Tests for Examples of such information may include but are not limited
mechanical properties shall be performed after stress relieving. to the following:
S13.1.1 Reference to the appropriate coating specification
S7. Magnetic Particle Inspection and type, thickness, location, modification to dimensions, and
S7.1 Bars shall be magnetic particle examined in accor- hydrogen embrittlement relief.
dance with Guide E709. Bars with indications of cracks or S13.1.2 Reference to Specifications A153/A153M, B633,
seams are subject to rejection if the indications extend more B695, B696, B766, or F1941/F1941M, F2329/F2329M, or Test
than 3 % of the diameter into the bar. Method F1940, or other standards.

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 A193/A193M − 23
S14. Marking Coated Bolting Components S15.1.1 The minimum carbon content shall be 0.04 %.
S14.1 Bolting components coated with zinc shall have ZN S15.1.2 Carbide solution treatment shall be between 1900°F
marked after the grade symbol. Bolting components coated and 1950°F followed by quenching in water or rapid cooling
with cadmium shall have CD marked after the grade symbol. by other means.
NOTE S14.1—As an example, the marking for zinc-coated B7 will now
be B7ZN rather than B7*.

S15. Requirements for Service Temperature Exceeding

1000°F
S15.1 For bolting of Class 1 Grades B8, B8C, B8M, and
B8T, to be used in service at temperatures exceeding 1000°F,
the following shall apply:

APPENDIXES

(Nonmandatory Information)

X1. STRAIN HARDENING OF AUSTENITIC STEELS

X1.1 Strain hardening is the increase in strength and hard- greater the penetration of strain hardening.
ness that results from plastic deformation below the recrystal-
lization temperature (cold work). This effect is produced in X1.2 Thus, the mechanical properties of a given strain
austenitic stainless steels by reducing oversized bars or wire to hardened bolting component are dependent not just on the
the desired final size by cold drawing or other process. The alloy, but also on the size of bar from which it is machined. The
degree of strain hardening achievable in any alloy is limited by minimum bar size that can be used, however, is established by
its strain hardening characteristics. In addition, the amount of the configuration of the component so that the configuration
strain hardening that can be produced is further limited by the can affect the strength of the componoent.
variables of the process, such as the total amount of cross-
section reduction, die angle, and bar size. In large diameter X1.3 For example, a stud of a particular alloy and size may
bars, for example, plastic deformation will occur principally in be machined from a smaller diameter bar than a bolt of the
the outer regions of the bar so that the increased strength and same alloy and size because a larger diameter bar is required to
hardness due to strain hardening is achieved predominantly accommodate the head of the bolt. The stud, therefore, is likely
near the surface of the bar. That is, the smaller the bar, the to be stronger than the same size bolt in a given alloy.

X2. COATINGS AND APPLICATION LIMITS

X2.1 Use of coated bolting components at temperatures zinc-coated bolting components should be limited to tempera-
above approximately one-half the melting point (Fahrenheit or tures less than 390 °F [210 °C]. The melting point of cadmium
Celsius) of the coating is not recommended unless consider- is approximately 600 °F [320 °C]. Therefore, application of
ation is given to the potential for liquid and solid metal cadmium-coated bolting components should be limited to
embrittlement, or both. The melting point of elemental zinc is temperatures less than 300 °F [160 °C].
approximately 780 °F [415 °C]. Therefore, application of

13
 A193/A193M − 23
SUMMARY OF CHANGES

Committee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue
(A193/A193M – 22a) that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved March 1, 2023.)

(1) ASME B18.3.1M has been superseded by ISO 4762. All

references to ASME B18.3.1M have been updated to ISO
4762.

Committee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue
(A193/A193M – 22) that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved Nov. 1, 2022.)

(1) Updated minimum stress relief temperature requirements

for grade B7M product.

Committee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue
(A193/A193M – 20) that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved Sept. 1, 2022.)

(1) Changed “body length” to “nominal length” in 12.1.3.

ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned
in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk
of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.

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14